正值限制 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zhēngzhíxiànzhì]
正值限制 英文
positive limiting
  • 正 : 正名詞（正月） the first month of the lunar year; the first moon
  • 限 : Ⅰ名詞（指定的范圍; 限度） limit; bounds Ⅱ動詞（指定范圍, 不許超過） set a limit; limit; restrict
  • 制 : Ⅰ動詞1 （製造） make; manufacture 2 （擬訂; 規定） draw up; establish 3 （用強力約束; 限定; 管束...
  • 正值 : honest
  • 限制 : place [impose] restrictions on [to]; astrict; restrict; limit; confine; shut down on [upon]: 限制...
  1. With the rapid development of the security stock market especially the stock market in chian ， issuing stock and circulating on market became the first choice of financing for more and more enterprise at the same time ， more and more investors are attracted by the relately high initial return of stock however ， the problem of ipos underpricing always exists in the stock market according to the data of more than one thousand chinese stocks ， most new issues had great raise in the first trade day ， and investors could acquire higher initial return than the average return of the stock market or the same industry we find that initial returns on a - share ipos average reached 132. 24 percent the main body of this paper is made up of six sections ： in the first part ， we introduced the method of the estimate of pricing decision ； in the second part ， we analyzed the method of the pricing decision and issuing system in china ， discussed the advantage and weakness of the various issuing methods ， and compared the economic efficiency between the examine and approve system and authorization system ； in the third part ， we analyzed the reason of ipo ' s underpricing in detail from information economics and other factors and combined with the environment of the chinese stock markets ， we analyzed the special characteristics in china and how they effect the ipo ' s underpricing in the fourth part ， we analyzed the data of chinese stock market with spss ， made a analysis of the administrative pricing decision and market pricing decision ， studied the underpricing phenomena of chinese stock market ， and analyzed it ' s causes ； in the fifth part ， we made a analysis of the examine approve system and authorization system ； and in the last part ， we drew some conclusions and put forth some policy advices the follow are the conclusions and policy advices in this dissertation ： （ 1 ） from the results of this empirical study ， we found that the issuing price - earning ratio and the market situation before ipos are strongly and positively associated with the underpricing of shares ， the issuing scale of ipo and the hit rate are strongly and negatively associated with the underpricing ； （ 2 ） we found that after the abolishing of ipo ' s p / e ratio and the using of authorization system ， there is no significant difference among the underpricing of shares ， but considered with the market entironment ， we think that the ipo ' s underpricing has been correspondingly reduced （ 3 ） to reduce difference between the primary market and the second market ， we suggested that we shall bring the " over - allotment option ( oao ) " to bear and resume the state - owned share and corporate - owned share to circulate on market as soon possible

    本文的主體由六個部分組成：第一部分介紹新股發行定價的估值方法；第二部分對我國的發行定價方式和發行制度進行分析，探討不同發行定價方式的優缺點，以及審批制和核準制經濟效率分析；第三部分從信息經濟學角度和其他因素的角度詳細分析造成新股發行抑價的原因，並結合我國股票市場實際情況，分析了我國市場的特有因素是否及如何影響一級市場的發行抑價程度的；第四部分利用統計分析軟體spss對我國新股行政化和市場化定價進行實證分析，主要包括新股發行行政化和市場化定價方式的實施情況和效果分析、新股發行行政化定價方式的實證分析，以及新股發行行政化和市場化定價方式的比較實證分析；第五部分利用統計分析軟體spss對我國新股發行審批制和核準制進行實證分析；第六部分是本論文的主要結論。本文的主要結論和建議有： （ 1 ）從實證分析結果看，我國新股發行抑價與市場環境、發行市盈率呈顯著正向關系，與發行規模、申購中簽率等呈顯著反向關系。 （ 2 ）取消發行市盈率限制和實施核準制等市場化改革措施並沒有降低發行抑價的絕對水平，只是由於市場環境的因素，發行抑價的相對水平才有所降低。
  2. In this article, firstly the background of the textile trade conflicts within sino - us or sino - euro are introduced, thus learn that how to discern and dodge the foreign trade risks, how to choose the appropriate investment projects have already become one of the most important questions for exporting companies on foreign trade affairs well - known as high investment and high risk. so the main text makes a risk analysis qualitatively and quantitatively on a textile - exporting trading company from three angles of statistic 、 game theory and portfolio theory, which is the main content that we studied. firstly, the statistic article adopts data of the transaction closing price of the textile clothing index in shenzhen stock exchange at the end of each quarter as well as several other kinds of data reflecting the macro - economic changes, performs an empirical analysis of these data according to the theory of co - integration test 、 granger cause test and impulse response function of time series in economitric, and learn that the impact to ti is more obvious by the economic index reflecting local commodity price level and economic prosperity degree home and abroad, as well as the impact degree and the time lag degree, and knows the macro - economic risks faced by textile business enterprises ; after that by the game theory angle we analyze exactly the managing risks faced by one textile export corporation named beauty. from the game expansion chart the system arrangement between censor ways by exportation goal countries and exporting strategies by the exporting enterprises has been analyzed. involving the benefit assignment between them both the limited rounds and infinite rounds negotiations of cooperation games have been studied, and then country responsibility and the enterprise managing risks on foreign trade affairs and so on have been analyzed exactly ; in order to realize the investment multiplication in the certain degree to disperse the risk, the

    本文首先介紹了中美、中歐紡織品貿易爭端的來龍去脈，由此可知在涉外貿易這種以高投入、高風險著稱的行業里，如何甄別和規避外貿風險、如何選擇合適的投資項目已經成為外貿企業的首要問題。因此，正文分別從統計學、博弈論和投資組合三種角度對涉外紡織品貿易公司風險進行了定性和定量的分析，這也是本文的主要研究內容。首先，統計學篇選取了深圳證券交易所行業分類指數?紡織服裝指數（ ti ）每一季度末的交易收盤價和若干種反映宏觀經濟變化的指標，利用計量經濟學中時間序列的協整檢驗、 granger因果檢驗和脈沖反應函數等理論做實證分析，從而得知反映國內物價水平和國內外經濟景氣程度的經濟指標對紡織板塊上市值的沖擊比較明顯，且可知沖擊程度和時滯度，進而分析出涉外紡織企業所面臨的宏觀經濟風險;接著，從博弈論的角度具體分析一家紡織品出口公司（ beauty ）的外貿活動所面臨的各種經營風險，該篇從博弈擴展圖入手，分析了出口目的國審查方式與本企業出口策略之間的制度安排;並圍繞雙方的利益分配，研究了有限回合和無限回合合作談判博弈，然後具體論述了國家責任和企業涉外經營風險等問題;在一定程度上為了實現投資多元化來分散風險的目的，投資組合篇從經典的markowitz模型著手，在一些特定條件的限制下，給出了一個相應的投資組合模型。
  3. Adding momentum item while correcting weight and limiting range of input value reduce error and improve diagnosis correctness greatly. while normalizing the input value, a new way is put forward that normalization is performed item by item according to its sort. in this way error training can avoid going into the flat field that is caused by existing of 0 or 1 of the input value

    本文首先分析了故障診斷和神經網路的基本理論，並在此基礎上提出了神經網路對于變壓器故障診斷系統的適用性；文中將bp神經網路演算法用計算機實現；並針對其本身存在的一些缺點提出了一系列改進措施，通過在修正權值的時候增加動量項，並且限制輸入值范圍來減小誤差、提高系統的診斷正確率；在對輸入數據進行歸一化處理的時候，採取按類逐項歸一化的方法，避免了輸入數據出現0或者1而使訓練進入平坦區。
  4. Element would be limited to any positive integer

    元素的有效值將限制為任意正整數。
  5. The theory and legislation of proof limitation system is an important part of proof burden system and the judicial procedure of civil law. due to its conflict with substantial justice, the system of time limit for proof limitation could make the judgment of value and realize its value of rational justice only in the litigation notion of justice of formalities

    任何制度的存在和發展都應有其內在的價值取向，作為訴訟程序制度內容一部分的舉證時限制度，由於與實質正義的立場存有一定的對立性，其本身也只有在程序正義的訴訟理念下，才能發揮其價值評價的功效，才能夠在追尋結果的過程中達到一種相對平衡的理性正義價值。
  6. So it is of great value to discuss restriction on trade - secret, which is beneficial for protecting the legal right of the third person, of the labors together with social public benefits

    因此，研究商業秘密權權利限制問題，對于維護第三人的合法權利、保障勞動者的正當權益及維護社會公共利益，都具有重要的價值。
  7. It might also be noted that the mainland is now facing deflationary pressure as well, following productivity gains and reductions of trade restrictions

    此外，有一點值得一提的，就是在生產力增加及貿易限制減少后，內地亦正面對通縮壓力。
  8. For the telecommunications market, the mainland is gradually lifting and relaxing the restrictions on paging services, value added services, mobilecellular phone services, local and international fixed network services and internet service

    在電訊業方面，內地正逐步對傳呼服務、增值電訊服務、流動蜂窩式電話服務、本地和國際固定網路電話服務及網際網路服務等取消或放寬限制。
  9. The construction of value and aim of legislation can be deeply understood through the analyzing the justification of copyringht limitation

    通過剖析著作權限制的正當性，有利於深刻認識著作權法的價值構造和立法宗旨。
  10. In the analyse of gradation and classification the study use the method of factors and the dynamic model of sum taking the weight and make revision with the land use coefficient and the land economic coefficient. the grade of synthesize not only reflect the effect to each factor but outstand the leading restrict factor

    應用因素分析法對區域農用地的等級進行了研究，採用動態加權求和模型作為指數綜合的方法，再用土地利用系數和經濟系數進行修正，使綜合分值既能反映出每個因素對農用地質量的影響，又能突出主導限制性因素的作用。
  11. Other imperfections are due to the practical limits to which correction can be made for systematic effects, such as offset of a measuring instrument, drift in its characteristics between calibrations, personal bias in reading an analogue scale or the uncertainty of the value of a reference standard

    其它非理想性因素是由於對系統效應的修正產生的實際限制，比如測量儀器的誤差，兩次校驗之間的性質偏移，個人讀取量數的偏差或者參考標準值的不確定性。
  12. Making sure keyboard function locked by key or password is normal. it can change measuring range, alarming data, and output signal restrict

    確認由鍵鎖或口令啟動的操作員鍵盤功能操作正常，能改變測量范圍，報警值及輸出信號限制等。
  13. On the other hand, edits can also be used to falsify information and give the erroneous impression that a process is under control ; for example, a program output edit may add a spurious " correction " factor to f values which fall outside of the pre - established limits, thus turning an unacceptable value into anue

    另一方面，編輯可用來偽造信息，給人以錯誤的印象，認為工藝受控；例如，輸出編輯程序可以把偽造的「正確」因素加到確定的限制f值，然後將不可接受的數值轉變成可接受的。
  14. Secondly, this thesis analyzes the function and value of the prosecutor ' s proposing system in theory of law, and concludes that the prosecutor ' s proposing system accords with the standard of procedure justice and the spirit of restriction of state power

    其次，從法理上分析了推行量刑建議的功效和價值，認為推行量刑建議制度符合程序正義的標準和限制國家權力的精神。
  15. Geometric distortion is traditionally corrected by an image resampling operation which is applied as a post - processing step to pfa. the scene size limits of pfa presented by range curvature qpe, can be alleviated by using an efficient image domain space - vairant post - filter

    通常採用圖像域插值的方法校正幾何失真，而利用空變濾波器使散焦的點重新聚焦，這些校正方法可以減輕距離彎曲對成像范圍的限制。
  16. The system has become rigid for lack of flexibility and the teachers stick to conventions so as to lose their independence in thinking and lose their real ability in judging the value outlook, which limit their sustained development. the article not only analyzes profoundly the disadv

    由於體制缺乏彈性而變得僵化，教師墨守陳規而失去獨立思考，從而喪失真正的價值判斷能力，限制了他們的持續發展。文章不僅深入剖析控制管理的弊病，進一步指出這本身就是教育組織中的科層組織觀點的反映。
  17. The character of threshold voltage in vlsi circuit is analyzed. it can make a serious effect on power dissipation and performance. an algorithm based on partition is designed to choose the most favorable working voltage and threshold

    在低電壓電路中，既要使電路實現正常的開關，又必須限制延時和亞閾值漏電流的急劇增加，就必須認真地選擇工作電壓和閾值電壓。
  18. It plays critical role in over - striding - development, as follows : at first, institutional innovation can help to establish effective system of stimulate ; secondly, institutional innovation can help to transform the function of government ; institutional innovation can help to establish the system of continuous development in the west. at present, however, there are many institutional barriers to the over - striding - development, such as : firstly, the discrimination between the national enterprise and the private enterprise in the institutions of ownership ; secondly, the institutions of distribution lake stimulant to draw the talent ; thirdly, the institutions of the west government can not adapt to new conditions of the over - striding - development ; fourthly, the institutions of environment protection lake stimulant and restriction to the behavior of exploitation ; fifthly, the unofficial institutions such as ideas and customs hinder the progress of market economy

    然而，目前西部跨越式發展還面臨諸多制度障礙，主要表現為：一、所有制結構上的不平等地位使民營經濟在市場準入、市場競爭和權益保護等方面都受到制約，限制了民營企業的發展壯大，使其難以在西部市場化改革中充分發揮作用；二、分配製度與人事管理制度僵化阻礙了人才資源向人才資本轉化；三、行政管理制度、體制不完善造成政府效率低下，政府職能還未實現真正的轉變，不能適應西部市場經濟體制的發展要求；四、法律制度的缺失無法為生態建設提供有效保障；五、價值觀念滯后、社會信用缺失、傳統陋習等非正式制度障礙與西部市場化改革和跨越式發展不相適應。
  19. For example, the dtd contains certain semantic features that determine which elements can or must occur inside other elements. the docbook tags are applied so that they have a certain " common sense " semantic content, at least to english speakers

    除此之外， xml schema提供了進一步限制元素或屬性的可允許內容的機制甚至可以設置值的有效范圍或定義內容必須遵守的正則表達式！
  20. Attribute values must follow the same rules as normal textual content, with a few additional restrictions

    屬性值必須遵循與正常文本內容相同的規則，並增加了一些限制。
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