正密度差 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [zhēngmìdùchā]
正密度差
英文
positive density difference-
The ability of the ionosphere to reflect these waves is dependent upon normal variations in the electron density at different levels.
電離層反射電波的能力取決于不同高度上電子密度的正常差別。Secondly, in phase unwrapping to overcome the spread of wrong point, changing the patch of unwrapping phase is done to improve the correctness of it. then, the relation between the unwrapping phase and the height of reconstructed object is discussed detailedly. the data processing, algorithm analysis and reconstructing object are done for the collecting fringe image which are all based on matlab language, in all these achievements, the improvement and innovation aspect are following : a ) in order to stabilize the interference fringe, a new equivalent shifting object method is presented by using fringe stabilizing device to stabilize the interference fringe though moving object and ccd camera which fixed on a precise moving platform together, the experimental result shows the fringe drift is less than a / 20 in five minutes, and the equivalent phase shifting precision is x / 100
論文在全面闡述了光學三維輪廓位相測量術的發展、應用現狀、研究熱點及未來發展趨勢的基礎上，簡要介紹了傅立葉變換和相移位相輪廓測量術的基本原理，對兩種測量方法存在的問題及誤差進行詳細分析和比較；針對位相解包裹錯誤點的傳播問題，作者通過改變解包裹路徑來提高位相解包裹的正確性；分析討論從解包裹位相（ x ， y ）到再現物體的高度h （ x ， y ）物理量之間的關系，研究相應的演算法，利用matlab平臺，對實際採集的條紋圖像進行處理和輪廓重構，其中改進及創新工作主要表現在以下兩個方面： （ a ）針對干涉型結構光場干涉條紋出現的漂移抖動對相移的影響，提出了一種用條紋穩定器穩定干涉條紋，用精密移動平臺使物體和ccd攝像頭同步移動實現等效相移的方法，建立了相應的測量系統，系統的條紋穩定可以達到。Another advantage, contrast to using convolutional codes or turbo codes, is its low complexity while maintain high ber performance because the check equations are used to terminate the both iterations. we develop the theoretical error free feedback bound for bpcm - id and predict the threshold for decder convergence using the extrinsic information ransfer chart ( exit )
利用非正則ldpc具有不同度的信息節點概率密度演化的差異，對高階星座中具有較高級別的子通道提供額外的保護，可使迭代反饋判決時，星座子集擁有最大的無錯反饋歐氏距離調和均值，從而改善系統的迭代收斂特性。With the experiment part, the errors of sk - 21 nc machine tool have been measured, and a serial of data is gotten which lead to the error discrimination. ( 3 ) based on the kinematical theory of mbs, the calculation methods for the ideal center envelop curve of grinding wheel on cam grinding, the practical cutter track, inverse contour of cam, ideal nc instructions, precision nc instructions, the inner / outer normal and the fitting criterion of curve have been all discussed in detail in this paper
（ 3 ）通過精密加工的約束條件方程，探討理想刀具路線、逆變數控指令與實際刀具軌跡之間的映射關系，解決誤差補償技術提高加工精度的核心問題? ?當要求數控磨床的砂輪中心準確到達給定的理想點時，精密數控指令值究竟該是多少，如何能夠通過計算，獲得這樣的數控指令值，給出經修正的數控指令計算方法。According to the background information from the above, the facts of the combination, expansion and quick development of wut, and the strategic significance of the world ' s economy and the development of university, and from the angle of history, reality and the future, to a large degree, this paper analyzes three strategic environment faced by university, that is : intellectual economy and the world ' s new technical revelation ; marketing economy and modernization of china ; the popularity of education and the reform of chinese higher leaning system. through a thorough analysis of thirty six comprehensive universities and science and engineering colleges owned by the national education department, and through comparison between typical universities, this paper also objectively analyzes the strength and advantages of the development of wut on the aspects of subjects, trade and scale, and the disparity existed in subject strength, scientific and technical ability, qualified personnel construct and the economic base. through those analysis, it points out several problems in the development of university, such as " no common idea, no complementary subjects, no fixed core, no unified campus " and etc. therefore, a basic conclusion is drawn, that is " generally speaking, wut ranks among the second class of the nation ' s higher learning groups, and which possesses many potentialities to help itself step into the first class universities
本課題正是從上述背景出發，緊密結合武漢理工大學合併、擴招和大發展的實際，從世界經濟和大學發展的高度，從歷史、現實和未來的角度，大范圍、多層面、寬視野地分析了學校發展所面臨的知識經濟和世界新技術革命、市場經濟和中國現代化建設以及教育大眾化和高校管理體制改革三大戰略環境，通過對育部所屬36所綜合及理工類高校的整體分析和典型大學的個案對比，比較客觀地分析了學校發展在學科、行業和規模三方面的實力與優勢以及存在的學科實力、科技能力、人才結構和經濟基礎等四方面的差距，指出了學校發展中「無共同的理念、無互補的學科、無凝聚的核心、無統一的校園」等問題，並得出一個基本結論：學校總體位居全國高校第二集團水平，具有向一流大學邁進的基礎，同時，相比國內一流大學又有很大的差距。Based on the preliminary knowledge of color coordinate, color space and color difference, in chapter 4, we focus on the image preprocessing, that is the gamut mapping between the color paper and the crt displayed image. color correction and its realization of our lcos digital image print head are also given in this chapter
在第四章，我們重點研究的用於數碼沖印的顏色校正模塊及其實現，這一部分在簡要介紹色坐標與顏色空間，色差計算公式的基礎上，將重點放在數碼彩擴機目標色域以及源色域色域映射方法，密度計密度空間以及色度空間映射關系，即時色度與密度空間的關系等的研究。Second part - the main contribution and research results of this paper are focused on as follows : ( 1 ) how to use the measurements of a dual frequency gps receiver to determine the ionospheric delay correction model for single frequency gps of a local range ; ( 2 ) how to separate the instrumental biases with the ionospheric delays in gps observation ; ( 3 ) how to establish a large range grid ionosphere model and use the gps data of chinese crust movement observation network to investigate the change law of ionospheric tec of china area ; ( 4 ) how to improve the effectiveness of correcting ionospheric delays for waas ' s users under adverse conditions. ( 5 ) how to establish the basic theory and the corresponding framework of monitoring the stochastic ionospheric disturbance using gps ( 6 ) how to improve the modelling ability of ionospheric delay according to its diurnal, seasonal, annual variations based on gps ; ( 7 ) how to meet the demand of correcting the ionospheric delay of high - precision orbit determination for low - earth satellite using a single frequency gps receiver 1 extracting ( local ) ionospheric information from gps data with high - precision the factors are systematically described and analyzed which limit the precision of using gps data to extract ionospheric delays
二、具體研究工作的系統報告，主要集中在以下幾方面：研究如何利用單臺雙頻gps接收機的觀測信息確定電離層延遲改正模型，為小范圍的單頻用戶服務；研究如何實時分離gps觀測中的儀器偏差與電離層延遲；研究如何建立較大區域的電離層格網模型，進而初步設想利用中國地殼運動觀測網路深入研究我國領域的電離層的電子濃度變化規律；研究單頻用戶在不利條件下，如何更好地利用電離層延遲改正信息；研究利用gps監測隨機電離層擾動的基本理論和框架方案；研究如何綜合顧及電離層的周日、季節和年變化，進一步提高利用gps模擬電離層延遲的能力；研究如何實現星載單頻gps低軌衛星的精密測軌中的電離層延遲改正要求。( 1 ) the posterior distribution of the coefficient matrix, the precision matrix and covariance matrix, and their bayesian estimation under the matrix normal - wishart conjugate prior distribution. ( 2 ) the deduction of the predictive distribution, proved to be matrix t distribution. ( 3 ) the designs of bayesian multivariate mean value control charts in terms of the relationship between the multivariate wishart distribution and x2 distribution, the bayesian process capability index and its confidence lower limi
通過多方程模型系統的統計結構，證明了矩陣正態? wishart先驗分佈是模型參數（ ， ）的共軛先驗分佈，研究了該先驗分佈下模型系數矩陣、精度陣和協方差陣的后驗分佈及其貝葉斯估計，對模型預報密度函數進行了嚴格的數學推導，並將其應用於多元質量控制領域，構造了貝葉斯均值向量聯合控制圖；結合wishart分佈與x ~ 2分佈之間的關系，設計與推斷了貝葉斯多指標過程能力指數及其貝葉斯置信下限。The probability density function of net rainfall relative errors, flood peak discharge relative errors and the time error of the forecasted flood peak are calculated by the model developed
通過建立洪水預報誤差分佈的最大摘模型，計算出9座典型水庫洪水預報的凈雨相對誤差、洪峰流量相對誤差和峰現時間預報誤差的概率密度函數，並將其概率密度函數曲線與正態分佈曲線進行比較。When basement rock rupture pass through the well cross section, the fracture belts can be identified with some evidences, for example, the compensate neutron increasing and the stratum density diminishing synchronization, the dual - laterolog resistance diminishing greatly and the positive difference between the deep laterolog resistance and the shallow laterolog resistance appearing. when the compensate neutron increase, the stratum density diminishing and the dual - laterolog resistance value diminishing slightly, the fracture belts can be confirmed with the intrusive vein at high frequency in well cross section
當有基巖斷裂在井削麵上通過時，若補償中子增大與地層密度變小同步發生，雙側向測井電阻率有明顯變低並有正差異出現，則可以判別為裂縫發育帶；當補償中子增大，地層密度變小及雙側向幅度變小都不太明顯時，則可以利用井剖面中頻繁出現的侵入巖脈來確定裂縫發育段。Jiulin wang ( materials physics and chemistry ) directed by naixin xu, jun yang and jingying xie due to its abundant resources, low toxicity and the highest charge capacity in all known cathode materials, elemental sulfur is a promising cathode material for the next generation of high - performance lithium batteries
單質硫因具有很高的理論能量密度、豐富的自然資源和無毒性等多種優勢，成為下一代鋰電池中替代licoo _ 2的首選正極材料之一。可是目前報道的li / s電池面臨著一系列嚴重的問題，包括活性物質利用率低，循環性能差等。Several influence factors to result plasma drift in hainan were analyzed. in this paper the characteristics of ionospheric parameters variation were analyzed systematically and some new results in storm - time such as seasonal behaviors were obtained ; it is the first time to investigate the ionospheric drift behavior in hainan and some new results was obtained, the relationships between each two plasma drift velocity components in storm time in hainan were found and the electric filed variation in hainan ionosphere also was obtained ; the results also show that there are big differences of the ionosphere parameters bo and bl obtained from the data with that obtained from the iri - 2001 applied for hainan ; a new phenomena was found during a strong magnetic storm, that a layer with very strong electron density and density grad was found during the recovery phase of the storm, its horizontal scale is beyond 100km and temporal scale is about 2 hours, this phenomena repeated 3 times continuously. a type of negative disturbance in high and low latitude but positive disturbance in east - asia also has been found
本文較為系統地給出了海南地區電離層的參數變化特徵，特別是得到了一些暴時與以往不同的季節特性；第一次給出了海南地區的電離層等離子體漂移特徵，發現等離子體漂移暴時擾動在三個方向上有內在的聯系，得到了電場變化曲線；研究結果還表明海南電離層的半厚指數和形狀參數等與國際參考電離層iri - 2001存在很大差別；通過對強磁擾動事件期間的參數變化特性分析發現，在磁暴恢復相期間海南地區電離層底部存在一個電子密度非常大的高密度區，高密度區底部電子密度梯度隨高度急劇增加，該區域的水平尺度可達100公里以上時間尺度約為2小時，連續出現過三次，這是一個在海南從來未發現的新現象；研究還發現了暴時東亞地區電離層擾動會出現高低緯負相而中緯正相的現象。The probability density distribution of the particle velocity fluctuation differs in different flow regions, and is approximately normally distributed where the space restrictions are small. velocity fluctuation of particles with different sizes is similar
顆粒脈動速度的概率密度分佈隨流區有所差異；在空間尺度影響較小的范圍接近正態分佈；各種粒徑的顆粒脈動速度具有相似的特性。Under the background of target tracking in high - density clutter, the calculation formula of the pda algorithm ' s error variance is analyzed and revised firstly, and the modified pda ( mpda ) is derived, which not only improves the tracking performance, but also makes the error variance and the real error of the algorithm match well
針對高密度雜波環境中的目標跟蹤問題，首先分析和修正了pda演算法中誤差方差的計算公式，提出了修正的pda演算法（ mpda ） ，它不僅提高了跟蹤性能，而且使得誤差方差與演算法的實際誤差能夠很好地匹配。( 2 ) because of t he variability of rock subjected to outside action, three new conceptions : postive damage basic damage and negative damage, are suggested, which can deal with the condition that rock density became large. ( 3 ) the present damage variables based on ct number mostly include ct average number of the rock without damage, which is difficult to measure, so a new damage variable, which includes the average ct number is proposed, on the other hand, strain equal theory is generalized because the one put foreword by lemaitre is not good enough to use. ( 4 ) a axial damage constitutive equation is proposed and testified. ( 5 ) with the circle times, the damage propagation laws of two different rocks, subjected to circle of freezing and thawing, are studied, and in the analysis process, traditional analysis method including average ct number and is used, some important conclusions are reached : inner damage of soft rock containing a large mount of apertures is largely propagating with the time increasement of circle, however, at the preliminary time, the hard rock containing a small mount of aperture is a little propagating, at late time, the influence become large ; ( 6 ) zone separation and statistics frequency put forward is used to analysized the three different damage propagation in the open circumstance, when they are subjected to the different circle times of freezing and thawing, in which the temperature variability is linear, different freezing rate, and different freezing temperature, and no water is supplied during the test
在研究過程中本文主要做了以下工作： （ 1 ）針對巖石損傷變化較小時，運用ct均值和方差分析不方便的缺陷，本文提出運用對ct數范圍劃分區段的方法，根據各區段統計頻率的變化規律來分析損傷擴展狀況； （ 2 ）針對巖石受到外部作用的多變性，本文提出了基準損傷，正損傷，負損傷的概念，在某種程度上考慮了巖石受到外部作用時的壓密情況； （ 3 ）現有的基於ct數的損傷變量大多需要用到巖石基體的ct均值，這實際上是很難觀測到的，因此本文建議了一個可運用巖石初始狀態ct均值的損傷變量，由於現有的勒邁特教授應變等價原理使用上的不便，本文在其基礎上進行了推廣； （ 4 ）建議了一個可用巖石初始狀態ct數和彈性模量的單軸損傷本構方程，並用算例進行了驗證； （ 5 ）對兩種不同巖石在開放環境下受到凍融循環作用且融化過程中補水時，內部損傷隨凍融循環次數增加的擴展規律進行了探討，主要運用了常規的ct均值和ct方差的分析方法進行分析，試驗發現：對于孔隙率和含水率較高，密度和強度較低的軟弱巖石，凍融循環次數對損傷結構的擴展有明顯的影響，而對于孔隙率和含水率較低，密度和強度較高的硬巖，凍融循環次數對其損傷結構擴展初期由於含水率低的原因，影響不是太大，而後期由於水補給后，含水率較高的原因，凍融影響逐漸增大； （ 6 ）運用了本文提出的區段劃分和統計頻率的方法，深入地分析了開放環境下的線性溫度變化的凍融循環次數，凍結溫度，凍結速度不同巖石作用時，其內部損傷隨凍融循環次數，凍結速度和凍結溫度變化的擴展規律，需要指出的是除了在試驗前飽水外，凍融過程中沒有補水。Thirdly, based on a comparative analysis of urbanization level, space density, municipal utilizes development, and a number of economic and technical data in property development and building industry in east, west and central china, it is concluded that there are tremendous differences in building industry between the west and the east area ; gaps in urban and rural construction and development between the west and east area are embodied by urbanization level ; construction and building industry occupies a protruding position in western economy, but industrial efficiency, technological and equipment level are weak links hindering further development and competition of the region ; the extent to which the real estate market develops is a sever barrier to normal development of property industry in western region
第三，在社會經濟發展比較的基礎上，界定了東西部建設行業技術經濟比較的范疇及指標體系，通過對東、中、西部城鎮化水平、空間密度、城市首位度、城市市政公用設施建設水平和房地產、建築業發展指標等技術、經濟數據的比較、實證分析，筆者得出了東西部地區在建設行業發展上存在較大差異，東西部地區城鄉建設和發展差異主要表現在城鎮化水平上；建築業在西部經濟中佔有突出地位，但行業效益和技術裝備水平是進一步發展和競爭中的薄弱環節；房地產市場的發育程度嚴重製約著西部地區房地產業的正常發展等主要結論。In the paper, the main results are brought forth in five aspects as follows : ( 1 ). the analysis of statistics the characteristic indicated that the variation coefficient of the soil nitrogen density of 0 ~ 30cm depth is lower, the variation coefficient is only 3. 6 %, the variation coefficient of the nitrogen density of 0 ~ 100cm depth is much bigger than that the 0 ~ 30cm depth, it is 100 %. based on the second national soil general survey material, the average soil profile depth is 101cm, this is in corresponding with skew normal distribution, its standard deviation is 0. 0192
通過研究，得到以下認識與結果： （ 1 ）統計特徵分析表明， 0 30cm厚度土壤氮密度的變異系數較低，為3 . 6 ， 0 100cm厚度的氮密度的變異系數相對于來說就很大，為100 ；全國土壤剖面深度平均為101cm ，符合偏正態分佈，標準方差為0 . 0192 ； 0 30cm厚度土壤氮密度服從對數正態分佈，而0 100cm厚度土壤氮密度基本服從偏正態分佈。But they have the disadvantages such as poor complexity, poor security and insufficient amount of sequence numbers among the family of codes, the chaotic signals have noise ? ike, broadband frequency spectrum, they can be used as spreading codes, furthermore, chaos system is extremely sensitive on initial conditions so that the various initial conditions given by chaos system can provide with large sum of spreading sequences and this can meet the demand of cdma, this thesis sets out to study on using chaos system to generate spreading sequence s, there are two parts is this paper : firstly, we study the basic theory of spread ? pectrum communication and the characteristics of chaos so as to prove the applicability of chaos system to be used in spread ? pectrum ii communication system
現在使用的擴頻碼有m序列， gold碼和r - s碼等，這些擴頻碼具有良好的隨機性，但普遍存在著復雜度低、保密性差以及同一碼族序列數目少等缺點。混沌信號具有類似噪聲、寬帶連續頻譜的特徵，正符合擴頻通信中對擴頻碼的要求，而且混沌系統對初始值極其敏感，可以通過給混沌系統賦予不同的初始值得到為數眾多、不相關的擴頻序列，這正好滿足碼分多址的要求。本文對利用混沌系統應用於擴頻通信作了一些研究工作，主要包括兩部分：第一部分：探討了擴頻通信的基本理論和混沌的基本特性，說明將混沌系統應用於擴頻通信系統的可行性。For convenience of grid refinement implementation the nonstaggered grid system based on the structured orthogonal grid scheme is adopted. in order to eliminate the possible pressure wiggles when nonstaggered grid is used, except for the use of the momentum interpolation method ( small wiggles still appear when the method is adopted alone ), a new method is proposed and applied in the same time. in the new method a pressure - gradient difference term is added to the flow velocity in each control volume interface when dealing with the pressure - correction equation
本文基於結構化正交網格，為便於實施網格加密，採用了變量同位存儲的同位網格體系；為平抑該網格體系下的壓力振蕩問題，除採用動量插值方法外（單純採用該方法不能完全平抑振蕩） ，首次提出了在壓力校正方程的界面流速中添加壓力梯度差值項的方法，從而完全解決了建築風場模擬中同位網格下可能出現的不合理壓力場的問題。As the resistivity imaging method data of two adjacent arrays have the overlaps, we present a method to combine the arrays and remove the error
摘要根據高密度電阻率法相鄰二個排列之間有相當重疊部分這個特點，提出將高密度各個單一排列剖面連接在一起，組成一個多排列數據拼接一起並進行誤差校正。分享友人