法向重合度 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [fǎxiàngzhònggědù]
法向重合度
英文
normal contact ratio-
And understanding and studying the spectral features and variation rules of geo - targets in the experimental area, raising that it is the basis of geo - targets information collection with imaging spectrometer data to understand spectral features and variation rules of geo - targets, realizing that in a great extent spectral - integrated - form - based classification method can remove the phenomenon of " different spectrum with same objects " resulted from reflection ratio curve translation because of the angle change among sensor, targets and observation direction, and the average and variance images can be introduced to solve the problem of two kinds of geo - target with similar spectral forms and much different values of whole reflection ratio. it is suggested that " red edge " range bands of vegetation, which has close relationship with vegetation cover and biomass, is the main characteristic bands and important basis for careful vegetation classification and quantitative retrieval, and pixel - based derivative spectral analysis is very useful for removing the effects of soil background values and quantitatively retrieving vegetation biomass and cover. the remote sense quantitative retrieval model is developed for main appraisable factors of desertification monitoring assessment with imaging spectrometer data and then the applicability of model is analyzed
研究結果如下：首先針對荒漠化地區的地物特徵，對高光譜數據不同波段的數據質量、波段組合進行了評價，提出了適用於荒漠化監測的基本波段選擇集；初步了解和掌握了研究地區的地物光譜特性及變異規律，進一步明確了掌握地物光譜特徵和變異規律是用成像光譜儀數據提取地物信息的基礎；發現了基於光譜整體形狀的分類方法在很大程度上能夠消除由於傳感器、地物目標觀測方向之間的角度變化引起的反射率曲線整體平移的「同物異譜」現象，對于譜形相似而整體反射率的值相差較大的兩類地物，通過引入均值和方差圖像參與分類得到解決；研究還表明在植被「紅邊」范圍內的波段是進行荒漠化監測的主要特徵波段，這些波段與植被生物量和蓋度都有密切的關系，是開展精細植被分類研究和植被定量反演的重要基礎；像元的導數光譜分析可以消除土壤背景的影響，是進行植被生物量和蓋度定量反演的有力工具；建立了荒漠化監測主要評價因子的定量反演模型，並分析了模型的適用性。Its main contributions include the following several aspects : firstly, the dissertation constructs the mathematic model of short baseline orientation determination using two geostationary satellites and analyses the applicable conditions of carrier phase interferometry. orientation determination precision is analysed in depth through both the conventional linearized method and monte - carlo computer simulation method, and the mathematical simulation results show that the linearized method has the shortcoming of fairly low elevation error analysis precision in high latitude area so as not to be very appropriate there. by analyzing the definite factors influencing orientation precision, the dissertation develops the concept of orientation dilution of precision, which uncovers the internal cause of exotic error behavior of bi - satellite orientation, and has important guiding significance for practical engineering applications
本文系統地研究了基於「北斗一號」衛星載波相位干涉測量原理實現地球靜止雙星定向的相關技術，主要研究成果包括以下幾方面:首先，建立了利用兩顆地球靜止軌道衛星進行短基線定向的數學模型，分析了載波相位干涉測量的適用條件;採用傳統的線性化解析法及蒙特卡洛隨機模擬法兩種途徑對雙星定向的精度進行了詳細分析，數學模擬結果表明在高緯度地區線性化解析法由於俯仰角誤差分析精度略有下降而不太適合;在分析定向精度確定性影響因素的基礎上，提出了雙星定向精度衰減因子odop的概念，揭示了雙星定向誤差特殊表現的內部機理，對實際工程應用具有重要的指導意義。A normal transform is introduced, and there are enough much grids in the region between the critical layer and the wall, where the variation of the disturbance is the quickest. the finite - difference of governing equations with fourth - order accuracy in the normal direction is utilized in full regions including points close the wall, and is very important for accurately discreting equations. the combination of global and local methods is implemented, and a new iterative formula is derived
對于曲線坐標系下的拋物化穩定性方程，文中發展了求解的高效數值方法:引進法向變換，使得在臨界層與壁面之間的擾動量變化最快的區域有更多的法向網格點;導出包含邊界鄰域在內的完全四階精度的法向有限差分格式，這對方程精確離散至關重要;採用全局法和局部法相結合的方法及其新的迭代公式，大大加速收斂並得到更精確的特徵值。Based on the previous parts, part five discusses the problems and limitations existing in our legal system of company establishing registration in terms of lawmaking form, value tropism and the content of relevant law literature. it puts forth suggestions of how to perfect our legal system of company establishing registration, which include that company establishing lawmaking adopt systematic lawmaking model in choosing lawmaking style in order to systematize the lawmaking of company establishing registration ; more emphasis should go to benefits when value tropism is decided upon, though safety should also be stressed ; with respect to the building of concrete systems, with a view to the value tropism of company establishing registration and the practice of our lawmaking of company registration, we reinforce the responsibilities of registering administrations, improve registering procedures and company title registration, strengthen the management of registering books and related documents and improve the system of handling lawsuit connected with registration
第五部分，在前文基礎上，就我國公司設立登記法律制度在立法形式、價值取向、相關法律文件的內容等方面存在的問題和缺陷進行探討，並提出完善我國公司設立登記法律制度的建議：在立法體例的選擇方面，公司登記立法應採取系統化立法模式，以期達到公司設立登記立法的系統化目的；在價值取向的選擇方面，在注重安全的同時，更應突出效益；在具體制度的構建方面，要緊緊圍繞公司設立登記法律制度的價值取向，結合我國公司登記立法和登記工作實踐，加強對登記機關的職責規制、完善登記程序和公司名稱登記制度、登記簿和相關文件的管理使用制度，以及與登記有關的爭訴處理制度。On basis of fractal theory and the principle of fractional brownian motion, this paper puts emphasis on the following parts : firstly, the determination of fractal non - scale range on calculate fractional dimension is discussed, which adopts method associated artificial cognition with track decision. secondly, primeval data are segmented into blocks to evaluate their sub - fractional dimensions. in this process, the maximal value of sub - fractional dimensions in different directions is prioritized
本文利用分形幾何理論與分形布朗運動原理，重點研究和分析了以下的幾個問題：分形維數計算時無標度區的確定，使用了人工法與軌跡法相結合的方法；對原始數據進行分塊分別計算其子分形維數，考慮了實際地形特徵的方向性，計算得到的子維數為局部的最大坡度方向上的方向維數；改進了傳統的隨機中點移位（ rmd ）內插技術，使用不同的插值比系數進行插值。The reason why chemistry experiments and experiment instruction are so important, according to cognition psychology, is that the process of experiments tallies with the law of students " to recognize the world, to cognize the matter. from the cross relations between experiments and other content, experiments help students to form conceptions, to know and understand chemistry theories. and it is also an important way to master chemistry learning methods
化學實驗及實驗教學之所以顯得很重要，從認知心理學的角度看，就是因為實驗的過程符合學生認識世界、認識物質的認知規律；從實驗與其他內容的橫向聯繫上看，實驗是學生形成概念、認識並理解化學原理的依據，是掌握化學學習方法的重要方式；是培養學生動手能力、創新能力、創新意識的基本途徑；是培養學生良好的思想品質和科學態度的重要手段。The high similarity in shapes and large overlapping areas of corresponded contours on adjacent cross - sectional are main conditions in reconstructing surface correctly. in accordance with the disadvantage of blurring caused by traditional gray - level interpolation methods, this dissertation introduces a method to interpolate 3d images based on point matching approach to get 3d isotropy volume data. with respect to non - similar shapes or no superposition of corresponded contours on adjacent slices and concave contours, this dissertation presents a method for shape - based interpolation based on nonuniform scale bounding box
相鄰斷層上對應輪廓區域的形狀相似和重疊部分大是保證重建表面正確性的重要條件，針對傳統灰度插值容易引起模糊邊界的缺點，本文採用基於對應點匹配的方法進行灰度插值，以獲得各向同性的三維數據；針對相鄰斷層間對應輪廓的形狀不相似，位置不重合和有凹輪廓線的情況，提出一種基於包圍盒非均勻比例放縮的形狀插值方法。Firstly, a simple and practical representing method of the tooth edge tangential vector is applied to replace the traditional differential formula, the simple solving technique of edge contact problem makes the geometric edge contact analysis of the complex curve surface realize. secondly, using numerical searching and mathematical programming method solves the contact directions and loaded contact problem. finally, whole numerical simulation method is provided for loaded tooth contact analysis of high contact ratio spiral bevel gears
首先以一種簡單實用的輪齒邊緣切矢量的數學表示方法取代了經典的微分表達式，大大簡化了幾何邊緣接觸的求解，使復雜曲面的幾何邊緣接觸分析得以實現；其次又採用數值搜索與數學規劃法求解了邊緣接觸的主方向和承載接觸問題，為高重合度弧齒錐齒輪承載嚙合全過程的數值模擬提供了完整的方法。That is, the convergence speed of the em algorithm becomes much fast as the overlap measure of gaussians in the mixture tends to zero, which conforms to simulation results and practical applications
當這一重疊度趨向于零時，演算法的收斂速度漸進地趨向于超線性，變成為一個快速演算法。這與實際應用是相符合的。Three, notarial testimonials are issued with strict content and formulation on the base of the stipulations by substantive laws and procedural laws. different from ordinary evidence, it possesses special legal validity and comes to evidence with special effect. the people ' s court shall take the acts, facts and documents legalized by notarization as the basis for ascertaining facts, unless there is evidence to the contrary sufficient to invalidate the notariz
公證制度與司法經濟的價值取向是一致的，公證作為司法預防制度應成為規制社會秩序、促進經濟發展的重要法律制度; （三）公證文書的出具必須具備實體法和程序法關于真實、合法的要求，內容和形式都有嚴格的法律規定，有別於一般的證據，具有特殊的法律效力和證據效力，除非有相反證據足以推翻公證證明，法院可以直接採用經過公證的法律事實裁判，體現出公證的權威和效率原則。Solving the elliptic grid generation together with an algebraic method marching along the normal - to - wall direction, viscous grids around complex geometries are generated. the inner - layer grids with the algebraic method is othogonality and easy to control the distance to the wall. according to the hilgenstock, the source items are calculated to control the othogonality and spacing of grid lines on boundaries
法向外推方法生成的內層代數網格具有很好的正交性，可隨意控制網格至物面距離，確保邊界層內有足夠多且密的網格；外層網格採用hilgenstock方法，根據網格線角度和距離與期望值之間的誤差不斷進行源項修正，實現網格對邊界正交性和距離的雙重控制，保證了網格的合理分佈並具有較高的質量。Firstly the phase is extracted from interferogram by filtering and displacing frequency spectrum. then the wavefront and the line integral density are recovered by using fft or polynomial fitting method. lastly the radial local density distribution is calculated from the fitting curve of line integral density by the abel inversion
首先對干涉圖進行頻譜濾波，用頻譜移頻法從干涉圖中提取相位，然後用快速傅立葉變換或多項式擬合實現波面重建，計算線積分密度，再利用abel積分變換從線積分密度的擬合曲線中反演徑向體密度分佈。Initial alignment is to put on some speed of control angel in order to transferring the maths platform to expected location. it can be controlled by error equation. in the platform system, it used to adopt the modern control theory method
初始對準從控制上講就是施加一定的控制角速度把數學平臺轉向期望的位置（與地理坐標系重合） ，它是按誤差方程進行控制的，過去在平臺系統中採用頻率特性方法，目前已經採用了現代控制理論設計方法。Terrain slope information can be drawn from polarimetric synthetic aperture radar ( sar ) two - dimensional image, so that three - dimensional image can be generated. it differs from two - pass or repeated trace insar that uses interference phase method to obtain topography height. the p - sar three - dimensional image technology uses the stokes matrix formed by two - dimensional images resolution cells, then applying polarimetric synthesize to stokes matrix can produce polarization signature of the scatter cross - section a - (, x ) for any ( ellipticity ) and ( orientation ) polarization state
這種方法不同於重復軌道和雙通道insar系統，不是利用干涉法提取高度信息，而是利用極化sar二維圖像各分辨單元的stokes矩陣，通過極化綜合估計每個分辨單元的共極化散射特性和交叉極化散射特性（極化指紋） ，以及共極化散射特性最大值時對應的極化橢圓度x利極化橢圓方向角，求解地形的高度輪廓。By adopting a compared study approach, the chapter states that the system represents an important development of international law in three senses : ( a ) it puts into practice the basic idea that international dispute settlement should be " regulation oriented " instead of " strength oriented " ; ( b ) it is an effective attempt to create a relatively independent judicial system within international organizations and ( c ) it manages to create a new vehicle for peaceful < wp = 4 > dispute settlement that integrates legal approach with diplomatic approach
本章通過比較研究，首先闡述了wto爭端解決機制對國際法理論與實踐三個方面的重大發展：實踐了國際爭端解決從「實力導向」向「規則導向」發展的基本理念、對于在國際組織內建立一套相對獨立的司法制度進行了卓有成效的嘗試、建立了一種以法律方法為主外交與法律方法相結合的和平解決國際爭端的新型方法，然後從三個方面闡述了wto爭端解決機制對國際法發展的重大影響：國際法與國內法關系方面、國家主權理論方面、法律一體化進程方面。The methodologies that will be applied in this claim include : game theory, western labor economics, labor law theory, economics of property right and institutional economics. the important experiences achieved by the western market economies with regard to collective bargaining and collective agreement mechanism will be used as a reference point, all the while maintaining a focus on the changes taking place in the field of labor relations during the transitional period in china. finally, several important problems involving progression to a proper operation of the collective bargaining and collective agreement mechanism will be fully addressed, with the intent of advancing this mechanism forward to a new stage, and thereby realizing a more harmonious, stable labor relationship in china
本文將在分析市場經濟條件下集體談判和集體合同制度一般規律的基礎上，充分運用博弈經濟學、西方勞動經濟學等學科的研究成果，借鑒西方發達市場經濟國家處理勞資沖突的重要經驗，結合我國向市場經濟過渡過程中勞動關系發生的新變化，分別從勞動法學、產權經濟學和制度經濟學的多重角度論證在我國現實條件下加快推行集體談判和集體合同制度的特殊必要性，並針對當前實踐過程當中所存在的若干主要問題進行較為深入的分析，以期推動集體談判和集體合同制度在我國的順利實施和運行，促進利益協調性勞動關系在我國的實現。The main research contents include : study the modeling and measure of tendency of customer group ' s requirements. use the method of least - squares estimation in conjoint analysis to model and measure the tendency of customer group ' s requirements and transform the fuzzy requirements of customer group into numerical attribute importance and level utility. solve the problems of estimation and optimization of regression model
研究的主要內容包括：研究了客戶群體需求傾向的建模和量化過程：應用聯合分析法的最小二乘回歸模型建模和量化客戶群體需求傾向，將模糊的客戶群體需求傾向轉化為量化的屬性重要度和水平效應值，並解決了模型的有效性評估和優化問題。Consider three mutually perpendicular coordinate lines ( the -, -, and - axes ) with their zero point at a common point, called the origin. the three axes form the right - handed system, that is, if the fingers of the right hand are curled so that they curve form the positive - axes toward the positive - axes, the thumb points in the direction of the positive - axes
空間中三條相互垂直的坐標線，它們的零點相互重合，稱為原點，記為.坐標軸遵循右手法則，即以右手握住-軸，當右手的四個手指從正向-軸以角度轉向-軸時，大拇指的指向就是-軸的正向For the quantification risks, the " geometric mean " is selected as the tool to rate the risk level ; for the qualification risks, the ahp approach was used to illustrate the different risk level. 4 、 the ahp method was proposed to determine risk response plan. by this approach, the various risks knowledge dispersed within the risk management organization such as the managers " experience and project history data can be used for the project risk management
為了解決風險因素特性的難于量化問題，本文還另外給出了風險重要度的定性整合ahp方法； 4 、提出了風險響應措施擬定與選擇的ahp方法；該方法可以有效地利用分散於項目管理機構中的風險信息（經驗、數據） ，選擇出最適宜的風險響應措施； 5 、提出了工程項目風險管理的循環周期概念，通過該周期的循環體現項目風險管理的面向過程性和動態性；將周期性風險管理與項目本身的生命周期有機地結合，提出了一個面向過程的項目風險動態管理框架體系。The main contents are following : ( 1 ) from the methodology of nn, the basic theories on nn are discussed, with the emphasis on the mechanism of nn and its study rules. then the bp nn is concerned, because it is the comparatively most widely used nn type in the field of structure ' s damage identification ; ( 2 ) from the angle of system identification theories, the method and process of establishing the identification system model are demonstrated. also, how to implement a structural damage identification system of concrete architecture, based on bp neural network is demonstrated in the thesis ; ( 3 ) in order to find a more effective training algorithm of global approach, the way of optimizing network ' s weights using ga is demonstrated
論文的主要內容包括： （ 1 ）從神經網路理論出發，探討了神經網路的基本理論，並重點論述了神經網路的工作機制和學習規則，及在結構損傷識別領域中廣泛應用的前向神經網路模型- - - - bp神經網路模型； （ 2 ）從系統識別論的角度，提出了利用神經網路建立混凝土結構損傷識別反問題的思路、方法和步驟，並在此基礎上研究了基於bp神經網路的結構損傷識別系統對單處梁結構進行識別的方法； （ 3 ）為了尋找一種更有效的全局逼近學習演算法，本論文從神經網路與遺傳演算法相結合的角度，闡述了遺傳演算法結合bp演算法優化神經網路權值的方法，實驗證明，遺傳演算法和神經網路相結合不僅具有神經網路泛化的映射能力，而且具有遺傳演算法快速和全局逼近的優點，是一種較好的解決混凝土結構損傷識別問題的方法； （ 4 ）基於java語言設計並實現了結構損傷識別系統。分享友人