法商研究 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [fǎshāngyánjiū]
法商研究
英文
cssci-
Cryptic species have been found in a wide range of marine organisms ; with majority of them are benthic invertebrates. in contrast, marine holoplanktons are thought to have lower diversity and slow speciation due to their strong dispersal potential. this paper reviewed studies on cryptic species and speciation in marine holoplankton. based on findings in 38 studied taxa, it was concluded that : 1 ) cryptic species are pervasive in marine holoplankton, suggesting holoplankton speciation was more active than previously thought ; 2 ) current morphospecies diversity is untenable to reflect true species diversity in marine holoplankton ; 3 ) geographic isolation may facilitate cryptic speciation of marine holoplankton. however, contribution of allopatric speciation is still questionable ; 4 ) ecological speciation may be the prevailing speciation mode in marine holoplankton. cryptic speciation in marine holoplankton is paradoxical, because rapid speciation under strong gene flow is countertuitive. solution of this paradox will help us gain deep insights of marine speciation and biodivesity
隱種廣泛存在於各類海洋生物中,尤其是底棲無脊椎動物.然而,海洋終生浮游生物由於具有較強的擴散能力,往往被視為生物多樣性低、物種形成慢.本文就海洋終生浮游生物隱種與物種形成的研究作一綜述.基於研究的38個種類,結果表明: 1 )海洋終生浮游生物普遍存在隱種,其物種形成要比想象得快; 2 )由於引種的廣泛存在,形態種生物多樣性無法反映海洋終生浮游生物真正的物種多樣性; 3 )地理隔離有助於海洋終生浮游生物隱種的形成,但異域物種形成的作用仍值得商榷; 4 )生態物種形成很可能是海洋終生浮游生物物種形成的主流模式.海洋終生浮游生物強基因流下快速的物種形成有悖于生物進化常理,解決該悖論將有助於我們對海洋物種形成和生物多樣性的理解Study on the different extractions of liposoluble components from phytolacca americana
法分析比較垂序商陸根不同提取物的脂溶性成分研究Vsp is both a pivotal tache in logistic distribution optimization and indispensable in electronic commerce. it can increase logistic economic benefit and realize logistic rationalization. the systemic study on the theory and method of vsp is the base on the growth of logistic intensivism, the establishment of modem chain of command, the development of its and ec. now, the problem is not only applied to the field of auto transportation, but also to ship avigation communication electricity industry management computer application etc. the algorithm has been applied into many combinatorial optimization problems such as the trainman ' s shift arrangement in avigation the optimization design of cargo arrangement in ship company
對貨運車輛進行調度優化,可以提高物流經濟效益、實現物流科學化。對貨運車輛調度優化理論與方法進行系統研究是物流集約化發展、建立現代調度指揮系統、發展智能交通運輸系統和開展電子商務的基礎。目前,問題的形式已有很大發展,該問題以不僅僅局限於汽車運輸領域,在水運、航空、通訊、電力、工業管理、計算機應用等領域也有一定的應用,其演算法已用於航空乘務員輪班安排、輪船公司運送貨物經過港口與貨物安排的優化設計、交通車線路安排、生產系統中的計劃與控制等多種組合優化問題。The author considers the legal system of intellectual property right is opening so that the domain name should be included as a kind of independent right. in the following parts of the essay, the author explores the fundamental causes of conflict and re - classifies the types of conflict between domain name and trademark, reanalyzes the similarity and the difference between domain name and trademark, makes comparison between the three major domain name dispute resolutions that have already been provided ( udrp, acpa and the domain name disputes solution of china ), it can provide ground for an effective method for solution. at last, the thesis baldly points out that it should stand an independent legal status in ip law
故,筆者欲突破在商標及商標法框架下研究域名的思維定勢,重新審視域名法律地位、分析其法律屬性;以域名與商標沖突為典型,研究導致沖突的原因;從平等中立的角度,以貫穿經典案例的方法重新劃分沖突分類:以橫向比較分析的研究方法評介全球具有代表性的沖突解決方案和我國新的域名政策以及司法解釋,為正確提出解決方案建立基礎;探討域名爭議解決的主要原則,分析域名在我國的立法模式;最後,筆者將在全文分析的基礎上,嘗試提出域名權利問題,以期能從根本上尋求解決域名的法律保護以及沖突的公平解決的合理機制。In reference to the practical changes in the deregulated markets of the advanced countries in the area of europe, america and asia and the countermeasures of the countries, combing with the problems encountered in the marketing and sales practice of the panzhihua brach of sinopec, the paper applies the swot analysis method, rationally analyzes the outside environment and inside conditions. according to the characterizes of gasoline resources, and the market situation after it transformed from the monopolistic style of planning economy to the monopolistic competition style, the paper also analyze the strengths and weakness of the industry brought by the forthcoming event of the permission of the wholesales market of gasoline. based on the above analysis, the paper posits the marketing strategic objectives and measures as follows : ensuring the management of suppliers, adding the retail and direct sales network, improving operating qualities, making the customer relationship management and realizing the multi - benefits of company and customers
本文在營銷理論的基礎上,通過親身經歷,調查了解,深入研究了成品油在國際、國內市場中過去、現在的市場狀況和發展歷程,參考國際上歐美及亞洲發達國家先期放開成品油管制後市場的實際變化和應對措施,以及結合中石化攀枝花公司營銷工作中存在的問題,理性分析營銷外部環境和內部條件,運用swot分析法,根據成品油能源特點,就成品油市場從計劃經濟的壟斷形式轉向目前國際國內市場競爭的壟斷性競爭的形式后,對成品油批發市場即將準入后的優劣、利弊進行了分析和研究,提出了「作好供應商管理,增加零售和直銷網路、提高經營質量,充分做好客戶關系管理,實現公司和客戶共同成長」的營銷戰略目標和戰略措施。From surveying the advance - booking of our country ' s commercial housing, analyzing the mortgage in hong kong ' s law, researching the present situation and perspective of our country ' s mortgage practice, studying specially the discrimination between mortgage and charge as well as pledge, the author deduces that guarantee object of advance - booking of commercial housing is the reversionary right, and the advance - booking of commercial housing should be classified into the cessionary guarantee system in expectation of benefit to the legislation of our country ' s property right law
本文從對我國商品房預售概述和香港法上的按揭分析、從我國按揭實務現狀及問題透視的研究、從按揭與抵押、質押的區別作了專門的研究,認為商品房預售按揭的擔保標的物是期待權、商品房預售按揭應歸于讓與擔保制度范疇的結論,以期對我國物權法的立法有所裨益。This thesis mainly studies the methods and application of credit rating for customers by credit sale from the aspect of business
從工商企業角度,研究賒銷客戶信用評級的方法與應用問題。Based on the situation of demand exceeds supply in the market, the author would like to find out the constraints of the water chestnut development by use of pra ( participatory rural appraisal ) in a survey to carry out stakeholder analysis including the water chestnut farmers, government and processing companies. also, the author applied a tool of system theory to analyze the constraints of water chestnut plant production development. the results are as following : the study shows that a main factor that restricts the plant yield ( per unit yield ) and quality ( product quality ) of water chestnut is the low level of prevention and control of water chestnut culms damping - off ; a disease of the water chestnut
針對賀州市荸薺產業發展中的「銷大於產」的突出矛盾,筆者通過運用pra (參與式農村評估)方法,對荸薺種植區的農戶、政府機構、加工流通企業等進行了調查研究,並運用系統科學的方法對荸薺種植系統的不同組成因子的制約因素進行分析,得出研究結論如下:農戶對荸薺稈枯病害的綜合防治水平偏低,制約其荸薺種植的產量(單產)和質量(商品質量) 。The result of this paper were : 1 ) the market mircrostructure of chinese stock is ' nt market maker, two - part stock can n ' t circulate and the scale of current stock is small, so, filling right effect make dividend event do n ' t diluate the price, the stock price could n ' t reach optimal price ; 2 ) the meanings of bid - ask speed in chinese has been changed, did n ' t reflect the real trade cost, only reflect the possible trade cost, contained desire of price popple, din n ' t belong absolute liquidity again ; 3 ) turnover rate is a liquidity ' s index, speculation ' s index too, which can explain one side of liquidity, but this index is defective in chinese stock market ; 4 ) martin index was decrescent when dividend event occurred, display the liquidity of stock was improved, so, the martin index is compatible index to measure chinese stock liquidity ; 5 ) stock dividend event affect the liquidity in the stock dividend day, stock dividend event can n ' t dividend event in the bulletin day ; 6 ) the quantity stock dividend and trend of stock market was significant factors that affect the liquidity
本研究的結論是: 1 )中國股票市場的微觀交易結構並不是採取做市商制度,且2 3的股票不能流通,流通股規模很小,存在著股票股利事件后的快速「填權」效應,使股票價格快速回升,股票股利發放事件的稀釋價格作用無法發揮,也就無法達到「最適價格」 ; 2 )中國股市的買賣價差的含義發生了變化,不再是實際交易成本的反映,只是可能交易成本的反映,因而很大程度上代表了股價的波動意願,並不具有完全意義上的流動性含義。 3 )就換手率而言,它既是流動性的衡量指標,也是最常用的衡量投機性的指標。換手率指標只能說明流動性的一個側面,在中國衡量流動性是有缺陷的。Through comparing the scale between overseas banks and domestic ones, it analyzed the actualities of scale economies of internal commercial banks by using qualitative analysis. secondly, after comparing the methods of studying the scale of economies, it advanced the standard of selecting a method to study scale economies
接著,在分析比較規模經濟研究方法和工具的基礎上,提出了選擇研究方法的標準,確立採用dea方法,引入tobit模型,彌補dea方法在研究商業銀行規模經濟上的不足,以兩階段dea方法來研究我國商業銀行的規模經濟。On the analytical method of shanxi merchants ' institution
晉商研究的制度分析方法Finally, coordinating the relationship between corporation supervisors and independent directors. based on in - depth research on american corporate law, related regulations and law reviews, the author hopes this thesis will contribute its academic value to the consummation of china ' s corporate law
文章援引的材料來自於美國的公司法及單行法規,法學研究機構、律師協會、機構投資者的研究及聲明,中美法學專家相關的闡述與評論,以及美國法院關于董事商業決策的經典判例。The research on protection of intangible property of our athletes
運動員人格標識商業利用的法律研究This paper, on the theoretical and methodological basis of modern logistics and supply chain management, business process reengineering and e - commerce, brings forward a new mode for material procurement and procurement management based on supply chain, then according to that, reengineers scientifically old procurement organization and procurement flows and gains the realization of centralized procurement and aggrandizement of examinations during procurement - plan constitution and procurement. then this paper proposes to apply advanced information technology and e - commerce techniques to study and realize procurement management system on e - commerce, and makes enterprises procure online, consequently decreasing procurement cost, promoting procurement speed and strengthening procurement control
本文通過對現代物流與供應鏈管理、企業重組及電子商務等相關理論和方法的研究與探討,提出了基於供應鏈的采購與采購管理的新模式,在此基礎上對企業原有的采購組織和采購流程進行了科學重組,實現了企業的集中化采購,加強了采購計劃制定和采購過程中的審核,並採用先進的信息技術和電子商務技術研究並實現了電子商務采購系統,使企業能夠進行網上采購,從而降低采購成本,提高采購速度,強化采購控制。Enterprise should take up client - oriented and client - based development plans. enterprises do n ' t attain loyalty of client and the most gain unless they know client necessity. so, the paper uses data mining technique to crm system and finds out model of client purchase in large client purchase by the analysis classification algorithm uptree. it provides meaningful comprehensive information for decision
企業應採取面向客戶、客戶驅動和以客戶為中心的發展策略,企業只有真正了解客戶的需求,才有可能得到客戶的忠誠,才能獲得最大利益。為此,本文就是將數據挖掘技術應用於crm系統中,通過uptree演算法的研究,可以從大量客戶的購買行為中發現客戶購買模式,為決策者提供了有價值的商業信息。Baswed on the clear and definite concept of the commercial law, the introductory remark expounds the merits, the states, the objects and the methods of studies in order to make clear the purpose from the very beginning and have a definite view
導論:在明確「商事法」概念的基礎上,闡述明代商事法的研究價值、研究狀況、研究對象及方法,旨在開宗明義,有的放矢。The multi - agent systems investigate how to coordinate the intelligent behavious of a collection of autonomous agents, where no global control, no globally consistent knowledge, no globally shared goals. there is possibility for real competition among agents. their nature is a complex dynamic evolving course. here conflict is inevitable, so many corresponding specially solving methods appeared. drawing lessons from game theory - based negotiation research, the paper describes the negotiation methods having been presented, introduces the game theory - based negotiation research mainly
多主體系統研究如何協調一組主體的智能行動,這里沒有全局控制,沒有全局一致性知識,沒有全局共有目標,可能這更符合多個主體間的實際競爭情況,其本質是復雜的動力學演變過程.在這里,沖突不可避免,從而出現了許多解決特定沖突的協商演算法,文中敘述已有的協商方法,著重介紹基於對策論的協商研究The principal purpose of the bill was to implement the recommendations of the law reform commission of hong kong in its report on corporate rescue and insolvent trading
條例草案的主要目的,是實施香港法律改革委員會在其發表的企業拯救及無力償債情況下營商研究報告書中提出的建議。Enterprises urgently need a perfect erp success evaluation theory to direct their erp systems construction. after reviewed the studies on erp success evaluation made by chinese and foreign researchers, wu found that as a theory system erp success evaluation has not been perfect, and the whole theoretical system of erp success evaluation has not yet been shaped
本文的研究目的是提出一套基於目標導向的erp系統成功評價指標體系與評價方法,該研究可以用於企業erp系統項目完成之後的評價工作,對于企業了解和認識erp系統的整體質量和商業目標的實現程度具有一定的現實意義。Studies on its segment structure and arithmetic help to build up the it requirement model for automobile parts suppliers, which analyzed in detail both internal and external e - manufacturing basic requirements of domestic automobile parts suppliers in collaborative commerce time
通過對其細分框架和演算法的研究,構建了汽車零部件製造企業的信息技術需求模型。該模型具體分析了面對協同商務時代,中國汽車零部件製造企業的內部信息化和外部信息化的基本需求。分享友人