法定證據 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [fǎdìngzhèngjù]
法定證據
英文
statutory legal evidence- 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 (由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱) law 2 (方法; 方式) way; method; mode; means 3 (標...
- 定 : Ⅰ形容詞1 (平靜; 穩定) calm; stable 2 (已經確定的; 不改變的) fixed; settled; established Ⅱ動詞...
- 證 : Ⅰ動詞(證明) prove; verify; demonstrate Ⅱ名詞1 (證據) evidence; proof; testimony; witness 2 (...
- 據 : 據Ⅰ動詞1 (占據) occupy; seize 2 (憑借; 依靠) rely on; depend on Ⅱ介詞(按照; 依據) according...
- 法定 : legal; statutory法定安培 legal ampere; 法定貶值 official devaluation; 法定標準 statutory standard...
- 證據 : evidence; proof; testimony
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When the proof revelation system has been established, the rate of courtroom adjudgement has been increased, the rule of positive wordage has been prescribed by lawmaking. then, the judge of first instance can give up the use of prosecuting roll
只有建立證據開示制度、提高當庭宣判率、立法明文規定直接言詞原則,才能使一審法官放棄對控方案卷的使用有可依據的程序和制度基礎。Adjudicative facts mean the judgments or presumptions made by the trier of fact about the objective facts concerning the case, on the basis of the evidences, through the procedure
裁判事實是事實審理者通過法定程序,在證據的基礎上,對案件涉及的客觀事實所作的一種認定或推定。The structure of this paper goes like this, the first chapter introduce the development of e - b / l in practice and in laws. and draw a conclution that the electrification of the b / l is a history tide. in the second chapter, on the basic of reseach the security trap in e - b / l running, 1 conclude six security elements of, e - b / l : the liability of the system, the authenticity of dealers ' identity. the integrity and secrecy of electronic data, and the validity and evidence effectiveness of electronic data. from the third chapter to the eighth, 1 reseach these elements one by one. the third chapter introduce the establishment of the e - b / l security system, and some related laws the fourth chapter introduce the certification authority of e - b / l. in the fifth chapter, 1 introduce the encrypt of electronic information and some countries ' control on use / import / export crytography. the sixth chapter introduce the concept and principle of digital signature, and reseach some related legal issues. the seventh chapter reseach the legal demand of validity, then come to a conclution that to establish a independent electronic information system is necessary. in the eighth chapter, 1 reseach some countries " regulation on the evidence effectiveness of electronic data
第二章在分析電子提單運作中的安全隱患的基礎上,歸納出其六大安全要素,即系統的可靠性、交易者身份的真實性、數據電訊的機密性和完整性、數據電訊的合法有效性以及交易者行為的不可抵賴性。第三章到第八章分別對這六大要素進行分析:第三章介紹了電子提單網路安全體系的建立以及系統安全保護法規,第四章則介紹了電子提單的安全認證機構,第五章介紹了信息加密技術以及各國立法對密碼技術的進出口及使用的控制,第六章介紹了數字簽名的概念及原理,並以bolero為例介紹了數字簽名的技術方式,對有關法律問題作了論述;第七章首先論述了電子提單對有效性的法律需求,然後結合國內法和國際規則的規定論證了數據電訊制度產生的必然性;第八章通過對各國立法對電子證據的法律效力的規定,論述了對電子交易至關重要的數據電訊的不可抵賴性。This paper put forward that credit estimation and guarantee of small and middle enterprise must pay attention to its characteristics, that is to say, stressing some estimations such as " future innovation, grown - up, . development " through normative analysis remonstrating analysis, comparing analysis and research. at the same time it must deal with whole credit and part credit combination of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis and relative relations about methods of estimation and goals of estimation. according to characteristics of credit estimation, 1 choused index and form systems of multilayer index and select combination of delphi and ahp in order to avoid subjectivity and random for setup in the course of setup of estimation index. it should adapt flexibility of anti - guarantee setup and embody its supporting function for enterprises through qualitative analysis of anti - guarantee and estimation of risk with reason. in view of mature experience and criterion of science and technology estimation, this paper introduced into concepts about index of filtration and superior and established relative and traditional methods which are suitable for modes of small and middle enterprises for credit estimation and are applied by credit guarantee
本文運用規范分析法、實證分析法、比較分析法,通過研究提出,中小企業信用評價和擔保信用評估應注重中小企業的特點,即強調「未來、創新、成長、發展」方面的評價。同時還要處理好整體信用和局部信用、定性分析和定量分析相結合以及評價方法和評價目的相對應的幾方面關系。在中小企業信用評價指標體系的設置中要根據中小企業信用評價的特點,合理選擇指標和形成多層次指標體系,並選擇delphi法(德爾菲法)和ahp (層次分析法)相結合的方法避免權重設置的主觀性、隨意性。Since there is no conflicting evidence and one piece of consistent ( though not strictly corroboratory ) evidence, i recommend we take riddle ' s statement at face value and assume harry is a half - blood
既然沒有與之相沖突的證據卻有一點一致的證據(盡管沒有嚴格證實) ,我建議我們從字面含義上接受里德的說法並假定哈利是混血。On the basis of reviewing history and comparative study, this paper examines the system of trial by default in our country ; at the same time using foreign experiences for reference, combines the specific situations in our judicial practice, then raises a tentative idea to reconstruct the system of trial by default in our country : to build a system of trial by default making the doctrine of ex parte debate as main part and doctrine of trial by default as supplement part ; at the same time to perfect the legislative stipulations on standards of default determination, procedural applications and remedies of trial by ex parte debate and trial by default, examinations of evidence in trial by default, in pursuit of forming an intact system structure, giving full play to the functions of system of trial by default and fulfilling the value target of civil proceedings
因此,加強對我國缺席審判制度的研究,具有重要的理論和實踐價值。本文在歷史回顧和比較研究的基礎上,對我國的缺席審判制度進行了審視;同時借鑒國外的經驗,並結合我國司法實踐的具體情況,提出了重構我國缺席審判制度的設想:建立一種以一方辯論主義為主體,缺席判決主義為補充的缺席審判制度;同時完善缺席的認定標準、一方辯論判決與缺席判決程序的適用與救濟、缺席審判中的證據審查等方面的立法規定,以形成一個完整的制度體系,充分發揮缺席審判制度的功能,實現民事訴訟的價值目標。The current public prosecution mode in our country took shape from the past whole case - examine mode in the base of the thinking to get ride of the drawbacks in the past. in practice, it has not only become effective and cause out a lot of new defaults, for example, the definition of the main evidence is not clear, the transfer range of the case files is unclear and the stipulate of the examine consequence is not enough. in order to reform and perfect the current public prosecution mode, we should regard the theory of the public prosecution as guide, combine our country ' s conditions, on methodology jump out of the circle relatively drawing lessons from the past, on the procedural theory, change the idea that the forejudge caused from the substantive examination and clarify the objective fact the current public prosecution include the essential substantive examination, in practice regard legitimacy, rationality and flexibility as the principle of law enforcement before the law to revise, in legislation define the concept of the main evidence clearly, add the regulation to dispatch the examine judge and the trial judge, regulate the treatment methods after examination and revise some rules about the summary procedure
以公訴審查制度的訴訟理念為指導,結合我國的國情,對現行公訴審查模式的改革和完善,在方法論上跳出以往比較借鑒的圈子;在訴訟理念上改變過去庭審法官預斷必然緣于實體性審查的觀念,以澄清現行公訴審查模式包括必要的實體審的客觀事實;在實踐中以合法性、合理性和靈活性作為立法修改前的執法原則;在立法上明確界定主要證據的范圍是對證明犯罪是否成立起主要作用或有重要影響的證據,其中既包括有罪證據也包括無罪證據,增加規定公訴審查法官與正式庭審法官分立制度,補充規定對公訴審查后開庭審理之外的其它情況的處理方法以及對於人民法院在審理過程中發現不宜適用簡易程序的,取消原刑訴法應當按照一般公訴案件適用的普通審判程序重新審理的規定,改為由審理該案件的獨任審判員以外的審判員重新組成合議庭對該案件進行重新審理等。This text begins with analysis that our country appraises the confusion of the system at present in real example, exposing ontology question of the scientific knowledge in terms of philosophy of science, regarding this as the platform, the text has analysed the concept of the scientific evidence, procedure function of the scientific evidence, studied the value of the scientific evidence, put forward standard that scientific evidence can adopt should be : the scientific knowledge of the basis has validity, relevancy with the factum probanda the method and conclusion have reliability
本文以法官如何審查認定科學證據,限制專家話語權擴張對糾紛解決機制的侵襲為立論平臺,從實證分析我國目前鑒定體制的混亂切入,從科學哲學的角度闡述了科學知識的本體論問題,以此為平臺,分析了科學證據的概念、科學證據的程序功能,研究了科學證據的價值,提出科學證據可採的標準應當是:依據的科學知識具有有效性,與待證事實具有相關性,方法和結論具有可靠性。This paper gets following conclusion : first : witness should be the people who know the fact and attest in the court or supply the evidence to the party or the court and the witness is different from the party and appraiser. witness should include unit and expert witness. but this paper does n ' t agree with the dual station in the litigation, but accept hearsay evidence
本文得出的結論有以下幾點:第一:證人應該是指「了解案件事實,並出庭作證或向當事人及人民法院提供證詞的第三人」 ,區別于鑒定人,但把單位、專家證人納入我國證人的種類,對于訴訟中的雙重身份不予承認,但對于傳聞證據則予以採信。In the 2003 criminal procedure law amendment, medical literatures and cpgs are considered as exceptions of hearsay rules and can be used as evidence in the courts
而隨著刑事訴訟結構引進了傳聞法則及其例外的規定,將學術著作及論文認定為傳聞證據的例外。The three basic procedure laws, which are currently in effect all regulate seven species of evidences
我國現行的三大訴訟基本法都明確規定了七種法定證據。In the event that certain specific data or other information related to legal or regulatory compliance are not made available to the crb for review because of an assertion of legal privilege or their proprietary nature, certification should not be granted, or should not continue, unless the crb can obtain demonstration by objective evidence that the full system requirements relating to legal compliance, covering the applicable section of the standard, have been effectively implemented by sufficiently documented and verifiable means
如果組織因信息的法律授權或者權屬問題,不能向認證機構提供評價所需的與法律法規符合性相關的特定證據或信息,則認證機構不應授予其證書,或者中止審核;除非組織能夠向認證機構提供客觀證據,表明組織已通過充分的、文件化的、可驗證的方式有效地執行了與法律符合性相根據標準適用章節要求所規定的有關合規守法性的全部體系要求,覆蓋了標準適用的部分。That piece of paper is legal proof that an individual exists
那張紙是個體存在的法定證據。In the seven sorts of statutory evidences, the experts " status are expert examiners, and the expert opinions manifested conclusions of expert evaluation
在我國現行的七種形式的法定證據中,專家以鑒定人的身份出現,專家意見則體現為鑒定結論。Because the nature of expertise is determined by that of forensic authentication act, this part firstly discusses the nature of authentication act so as to make clear the nature of expertise ; secondly, sum up and elaborate some basic characters of expertise ; and thirdly, according to the common places in nature that all evidences including expertise have, the particular nature of expertise as an opinion and its particular basic characters, this part expounds the necessity to review and evaluate expertise
司法鑒定的性質決定了司法鑒定結論的性質。本文第一部份從鑒定活動的性質入手,進而得出鑒定結論屬「意見性結論」的性質;其次,對鑒定結論所具有的幾個基本特點進行了歸納和闡述,進一步認清鑒定結論的本來面貌;第三,鑒于鑒定結論作為證據的共同屬性,其作為「意見」的特定性質,以及這一法定證據自身的基本特點,總結出對鑒定結論進行審查評斷的必要性之所在。The scientific nature means that the measures and equipments adopted in identifying are scientific, the explanatory basis and the standards of identifying and judging are scientific, besides, the principal parts who carry out the identification must be the experts mastering special scientific knowledge ; the legal nature refers to the administer justice identification must exist in the litigation process, its starting and carrying our procedures must conform to the requirement of law and also its conclusion is one of the legal evidence forms
筆者認為,司法鑒定的基本性質在於其科學性和法律性,科學性指鑒定所採用的方法、設備是科學的,解釋的依據、鑒別和判斷的標準是科學的,並且實施鑒定的主體必須是掌握專門科學知識的專家;法律性指司法鑒定必須存在於訴訟過程中,其啟動和實施的程序必須符合法律的要求,並且其結論是法定證據形式之一。Determined by its objectivity. computer crime distinguishes itself in many aspect frome traditional crime in evidence collecting, in method of crime committing, crime speed and the degree of damage, in keeping the scene of a crime etc. so its detective and evidence collecting methods are different
計算機犯罪由於其客觀方面所決定,在現場的保護和確定、證據的搜集、作案手段、作案及破壞速度等方面較傳統犯罪都有顯著的特徵,因此其在偵查取證方法上必然迥異。Oral evidence should be used as evidence of forensic accounting evaluation
言詞證據可以作為司法會計鑒定證據On evidence ' s legal validity of technical expert testimony of medical malpractices
醫療事故技術鑒定證據合法性探析Compared with the traditional way of judge determining the proof, authentication emphasizes the publicity of psychological proof and the advance publicity of mental proof
與傳統的法官認定證據的做法相比,認證強調法官對證據的心證公開、心證的提前公開。分享友人