無被膜的 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [wúbèimóde]
無被膜的
英文
acapsular-
The result is a flexible film of crystals with opalescent properties that can be used to coat malleable surfaces, producing attractive iridescent hues
這樣就產生了一種結晶狀的柔韌性薄膜，有乳白色的特質，能被用於塗抹有延展性的表面，同時產生美麗無比的彩虹般的色彩。Abstract : biological invasions are a continuous feature of a non - equilibrium world, ever more so as a result of accidental and deliberate introductions by mankind. while many of these introductions are apparently harmless, others have significant consequences for organisms native to the invaded range, and entire communities may be affected. here we provide a survey of common models of range expansion, and outline the consequences these models have for patterns in genetic diversity and population structure. we describe how patterns of genetic diversity at a range of markers can be used to infer invasion routes, and to reveal the roles of selection and drift in shaping population genetic patterns that accompany range expansion. we summarise a growing range of population genetic techniques that allow large changes in population size ( bottlenecks and population expansions ) to be inferred over a range of timescales. finally, we illustrate some of the approaches described using data for a suite of invasions by oak gallwasps ( hymenoptera, cynipidae, cynipini ) in europe. we show that over timescales ranging from 500 10000 years, allele frequency data for polymorphic allozymes reveal ( a ) a consistent loss of genetic diversity along invasion routes, confirming the role of glacial refugia as centres of genetic diversity over these timescales, and ( b ) that populations in the invaded range are more subdivided genetically than those in the native range of each species. this spatial variation in population structure may be the result of variation in the patchiness of resources exploited by gallwasps, particularly host oak plants
文摘:生物入侵是不均衡世界的一個永恆話題，尤其是當人類有意或無意地引入物種后.很多引入顯然是無害的，但另外一些則有著嚴重的後果，會給入侵地的生物以至於整個生物群落造成影響.本文總結了分佈區擴張的常見模式，概述了它們對遺傳多樣性和種群結構式樣所造成的影響.描述了如何根據以一批遺傳標記所得到的遺傳多樣性式樣來推斷入侵途徑，來揭示伴隨擴張選擇和漂變在形成種群遺傳樣式中的作用.本文對日益增多的群體遺傳學方法進行了總結，這些技術可以用來在不同的時間尺度上推斷種群規模所發生的巨大變化（瓶頸效應及種群擴張） .最後，我們以歐洲櫟癭蜂（膜翅目，癭蜂科，癭蜂族）一系列入侵的數據為例對一些方法進行了說明.從500 10000年的時間尺度上，多態的等位酶位點上等位基因頻率的數據表明: 1 ）遺傳多樣性沿入侵路線呈不斷下降的趨勢，支持了冰河期避難所作為遺傳多樣性中心的作用; 2 ）入侵地區的種群與該物種原產地的種群相比，遺傳上的分化更為強烈.這種種群結構在空間上的變異可能是被櫟癭蜂開發的資源尤其是櫟樹寄主在斑塊上出現變異的反映No infiltrating cells surrounding the larvae in the retina were observed in the infected mice
於3組感染鼠中，位於視網膜內的幼蟲並無被發炎細胞浸潤的情形。Microscopically, a borderline serous cystadenoma is seen here with papillary projections of epithelium extending into the lumen of the tumor. there is no invasion of the stroma or capsule
鏡下可見交界性漿液囊腺瘤由上皮細胞形成的乳頭狀突起伸向腫瘤囊腔，無間質或被膜的浸潤。They are currently developing an expression system containing the antibody gene, devoid of antibiotic selection markers, and integrating the system into the chromosome of lactic - acid bacteria, with the goal of achieving passive immunization at mucosal surfaces
他們正在開發一種含有抗體基因表達系統，無抗性選擇標記而系統整合到乳酸菌染色體的體系，以實現粘膜表面的被動免疫。Recently, a noval brain - specific na ^ - dependent inorganic phosphate transporters was successfully cloned using the method of molecular biology and was named dnpi because they had the characters of the vesicular glutamate transporter ( vglut ). some studies showed that dnpi were distributed extensively in the brain area where glu was used as the neurotransmitter, such as thalamus, medulla oblongata and spinal cord. the ultrastructural studies indicated that most of dnpi are located in the presynaptic terminals and distributed on the synaptic vesicular membrane
最近人們應用分子生物學技術又成功地在哺乳類動物腦內克隆出一種新的腦內特殊的na 」依賴的無機磷酸轉運體（ brain七pecificna dependentinorgarucphosphaternsporter ， bnpi ） ，並發現它也具有囊泡膜谷氨酸轉運體（ vglllt ）的特點，因而被命名為dnpi （又稱作vgiutz人新近的研究報道， dn 』 pi廣泛地分佈於運用m作為神經遞質的腦區，如丘腦、延髓和脊髓。The advantages of organic materials over inorganic materials are higher fluorescence efficiency, wider selection of emission colors and easer to fabricate large size films. so organic electroluminescent devices ( oelds ) are regarded as " the flat panel display in 21 century ". oelds have become a fascinating area of research in recent years
與無機電致發光相比，有機、聚合物薄膜電致發光器件因其具有更高的發光效率和更寬的發光顏色選擇范圍，並且具有容易大面積成膜的優越性而被譽為「二十一世紀的平板顯示器」 ，是當今國際平板顯示技術研究的熱點之一。The experimental results show that the above inorganic and organic components were incorporated into the composite films and their identities were preserved
研究結果說明，上述各種無機和有機組分均被摻雜到復合膜中，且保持原來的結構和性能。As a new method of polymerization, electroless polymerization was introduced to form polyaniline film on substrate of any shape. in electroless polymerization, aniline molecules were oxidized to form pn film by soluble oxygen on the catalytic surface of pt or pd substrate without the supply of electric current. similar to the mechanism of electroless plating, electroless polymerization of aniline involves local and spontaneous electrochemical reactions on only substrate
提出了一種新的聚合方法無電聚合。在沒有外電流的情況下，溶液中的苯胺分子在具有催化活性的鉑或鈀基底表面上被溶解氧氧化為聚苯胺膜。與化學鍍的原理類似，苯胺的無電聚合反應過程包含陰極半反應和陽極半反應兩個電化學反應。Nanofiltration ( nf ) ? nanofiltration is a membrane process capable of separating preferentially different fluids or ions. its membrane ' s pores are typically much larger than the membrane pores used in ro while smaller than in uf. thus, particles with larger charges are more likely to be rejected and smaller molecular weight organics are permeable
納濾?納濾是介於超濾和反滲透之間的膜分離技術，具有納米級的孔徑確保它能截留透過超濾膜的那部分相對小的分子量的有機物，而透析被反滲透所截留的無機鹽。分享友人