In the paper we mainly researched space gainp2 / gaas / ge high efficiency tandem cells " making process by home - made low pressure mocvd technology and new solar concentrators. firstly, we presented reseached and development of solar cells in china and foreign countries ; secondly, on the basis of fundamental priciples and theories, we discussed some factors of influcing conversion efficiency of solar cells, and analysed the i - v output feature of two - junction tandem cells ; then the design concept of gainp2 / gaas / ge two - junction tandem cells was discussed, the detailed aspects of gainp2 / gaas / ge tandem cells epitaxy growth by low pressure mocvd was studied, and some questions on epitaxy growth ( such as crystal qualities, interface stress, element interdiffusion, n - and p - type doping et all ) were solved ; after that, the cell fabrication process was described ; finally, we reseached the hot pressing and mould process technology of an arched line - focus fresnel lens made by pmma, designed and fixed new solar concentrators
本文致力於用自製的低壓mocvd裝置進行cainp _ 2 / gaas / ge空間用高效級聯太陽能電池製作的工藝以及聚光太陽能電池組件的研究。首先,介紹了國內外太陽能電池的研究現狀及應用情況;其次,運用太陽能電池基本原理討論影響電池轉換效率的因素,分析了級聯電池的伏安特性;隨后,討論了cainp _ 2 / gaas / ge雙結級聯電池的結構設計理念,研究了採用低壓mocvd技術生長cainp _ 2 / gaas / ge級聯太陽電池材料的工藝過程,解決了異質材料生長的結晶質量、界面應力、材料互擴散以及材料n 、 p型摻雜等一系列問題;然後總結了級聯電池的后工藝製作;最後,研究了以pmma為材料的菲
涅耳線聚焦透鏡的
熱壓成型工藝及其模具的加工工藝,設計並安裝完成新型聚光太陽能電池組件。
Itll strike the guilty one, said vaska denisov, turning in his saddle. meanwhile nesvitsky, zherkov, and the officer of the suite were standing together out of range of the enemy, watching the little group of men in yellow shakoes, dark - green jackets, embroidered with frogs, and blue riding - breeches, swarming about the bridge, and on the other side of the river the blue tunics and the groups with horses, that might so easily be taken for guns, approaching in the distance
其時,
涅斯維茨基
熱爾科夫和侍從軍官一同站在射程以外的地方,時而觀看這群正在橋頭蠕蠕而動的官兵,他們頭戴黃色的高筒軍帽身穿繡有絳帶的暗綠色上裝和藍色的緊腿馬褲,時而觀看遠處慢慢地移近的身穿藍色外套的法國兵和騎馬的人群很容易認出那是炮隊。
On the 13th of june napoleon mounted a small thoroughbred arab horse and galloped towards one of the bridges over the niemen, deafened all the while by shouts of enthusiasm, which he obviously endured simply because they could not be prevented from expressing in such shouts their love for him. but those shouts, invariably accompanying him everywhere, wearied him and hindered his attending to the military problems which beset him from the time he joined the army
他騎上馬就奔向一座橫架在
涅曼河上的浮橋,河畔不斷響起狂
熱的歡呼聲,顯然,他之所以能忍受這些歡呼只是因為他無法禁止人們用這種呼聲來表達對他的愛戴但這些到處伴隨他的歡呼聲使他苦惱,使他不能專心考慮自他來到軍隊就縈繞心頭的軍事問題。
He concentrated his research on instructional psychology, learning theory, instructional theory, principles of instructional design and the foundation of instructional technology, in which fields he has been an acknowledged giant. this paper first reveals the reasons why american educational technologists study on gagne, and meanwhile points out the domestic deficiency and the needs to study on gagne ' s thoughts from the perspective of educational technology
本研究通過美國和中國學術界研究加
涅思想的現狀考察,並對此二者進行比較、分析,揭示了美國教育技術學界掀起研究加
涅思想
熱潮的動因,闡發我國教育技術學界此方面研究存在的不足和教育技術學視野中加
涅思想研究的必要性和價值所在。
We shall say therefore that, as long as she remained at bagneres, the promise given to the duke had not been difficult to keep, and she had kept it. but once she was back in paris, it seemed to her, accustomed as she was to a life of dissipation, balls and even orgies, that her new - found solitude, broken only by the periodic visits of the duke, would make her die of boredom, and the scorching winds of her former life blew hot on both her head and her heart
我們只是說,當瑪格麗特待在巴
涅爾的時候,她還是能夠遵守對公爵許下的諾言的,她也是遵守了的但是一旦返回巴黎,這個慣于揮霍享樂喝酒跳舞的姑娘似乎就耐不住了,這種唯有老公爵定期來訪才可以解解悶的孤寂生活使她覺得百無聊賴,無以排遣,過去生活的
熱辣辣的氣息一下子湧上了她的腦海和心頭。
German writer who lived in paris after1831. his romantic poems and social essays are marked by his love for the german land and people and derision for many modern german institutions
海
涅,亨利希1797 1856德國作家,自1831年之後生活在巴黎。他的浪漫主義詩歌及社會論文充滿了他對自己祖國土地和人民的
熱愛,對眾多德國現代研究機構的嘲笑
Just as prince andrey met nesvitsky and zherkov, there came towards them from the other end of the corridor strauch, an austrian general, who was on kutuzovs staff in charge of the provisioning of the russian army, and the member of the hofkriegsrath, who had arrived the previous evening
當安德烈公爵碰見
涅斯維茨基和
熱爾科夫時,昨日剛剛抵達的奧國將軍施特勞赫和奧國軍事參議院參議員從走廊的另一邊迎面走來這個奧國將軍留駐于庫圖佐夫司令部,監察俄國軍隊的糧食供應。
" part of it is that fatty food is cheap, " said paul thompson, a cardiologist at hartford hospital, in hartford, conn. a couple of slices of pizza is cheaper and easier than what you ' ll find at the health food store
美國康
涅狄格州哈特福德醫院的心臟病專家保羅湯普森說: "出現這種現象的原因部分是因為大多數高
熱量的食品比較廉價。
While marcello lippi seems to have turned down the offer to return for a third time, claudio ranieri is now the clear front - runner to take over
馬謝洛.里皮拒絕第三次回到尤文之後,克勞迪奧.拉
涅利現在成為最
熱門的人選。
You got a player coming up now, who spoke in a press conference earlier, and is playing very, very hot
但在接下來的比賽中,你將碰到一位「炙手可熱」的選手芬蘭選手涅米寧。