熱與冷 的英文怎麼說

The welding performance of homemade wear - resistant cast steel has been studied base on the weldability tests, the repair welding procedures of wean - resistant cast steel ( abrasion - plates ) have been made up, the results show that satisfying repair welding quality can be attained with such welding conditions as the low hydrogenous alkalescent welding rod, preheating and slow cooling, strictly maintaining the interbedded temperature of 250 ~ 300 and controlling welding technique

通過對其焊接性能的試驗研究，制定了該類鑄鋼件（磨耗板）的補焊工藝：低氫型堿性焊條，預熱與緩冷相結合的工藝措施，嚴格控制層間溫度（ 250 ~ 300 ）及焊接工藝規范，可獲得滿意的修復質量。

Construction ministry " housing project quality guarantees method " made lowest guarantee to housing project the regulation of deadline : among them 1, foundation foundation project and project of main body construction, to design the reasonable use fixed number of year of this project that the file sets ; 2, the waterproof project, toilet that has waterproof demand, room mixes the building outside of metope prevent leakage, for 5 years ; 3, heat addition and supply cold system, for 2 heating period, offer cold period ; 4, electric cop, to catchment conduit, equipment installation is 2 years ; 5, decorate a project to be 2 years

建設部《房屋建築工程質量保修辦法》對房屋建築工程作了最低保修期限的規定：其中1 、地基基礎工程和主體結構工程，為設計文件規定的該工程的合理使用年限； 2 、房屋防水工程、有防水要求的衛生間、房間和外墻面的防滲漏，為5年； 3 、供熱與供冷系統，為2個採暖期、供冷期； 4 、電氣管線、給排水管道、設備安裝為2年； 5 、裝修工程為2年。

The welding technology of francis turbine runners is optimized from the view of subsection welding and local heating by numerical simulation. the result shows that welding residual tensile stress appears in the weld and its area nearby, and peak stress appears in the dangerous area of blades after practising quondam welding technology ; welding residual tensile peak stress in the dangerous area of blades can be decreased by welding both ends earlier and then welding middle section later during subsection welding, and decreasing effect on welding residual stress of the subsection welding is related to the weld length of blade outlets and welding direction of each subsection ; decreasing effect on residual stress of the local heating is direct proportional to heating time, heating temperature, heating area, and inversely proportional to cooling area, and welding residual tensile peak stress in the dangerous area is decreasing trend earlier, and then increasing trend later with heated location increased

本文利用數值模擬手段對轉輪的焊接工藝從分段焊和局部加熱兩個方面進行了優化，結果表明:採用普通工藝焊接時，葉片焊后殘余拉應力出現在焊縫及其附近區域，並且在葉片出水邊的熔合線附近（危險區域）出現了峰值;在採用優化的分段焊時，先焊兩端后焊中間的方法可以降低葉片危險區域的焊接殘余拉應力峰值，降低效果與葉片出水邊焊段長度、焊縫各段的焊接方向有關;局部加熱法降低轉輪危險區域殘余應力的效果主要與加熱時間、加熱溫度以及加熱面積成正比，與冷卻面積成反比，並且危險區域的殘余應力隨加熱區域的增大呈先降低后升高的趨勢。

Segment timer may use to record pressent year, month, date, display pressent time, and with four - segment alarm function, alarm circlate in the sequence of time from first segment to forth segment alarm point it is display intuitional, clocking accuracy, alarm reliable, with clock keep function while key off function

採用先進的微處理器進行智能控制，主要適用於供熱供暖製冷等熱能系統中，對熱水過熱蒸汽飽和蒸汽氯化鈣水或其它制熱製冷介質中的熱能進行高精度的積算與控制。

In the relative problems of domestic research the research on the relation of stock market and economic growth is also penetrative, especially because the relation in our country is different with the one in developed countries, the stock market is easy to be influenced and is so called policy market, our economic policies have a great effect on economic development, so the prospering and depressing economy has a certain relation with economic policies

在國內的相關問題的研究中，對股票市場、經濟增長的關系研究也比較深刻；特別是我國的經濟政策與股票市場的關系與發達國家的關系不完全相同，股票市場受政策影響巨大，股票市場是「政策市」 ；我國的經濟政策對經濟發展的影響較大，經濟的過熱、過冷都與一定的經濟政策相聯系。

Experiment and analysis of delaying frost of air - source heat pump water chiller - heater units by increasing the evaporator area

增大蒸發器面積對延緩空氣源熱泵冷熱水機組結霜的實驗與分析

The heat - exchange apparatus is the window for air - conditioner to exchange energy with outside. we analyze the efficiency of heat - exchange apparatus by the theory of heat - transmit, and compare the advantage and disadvantage of different type evaporator ' s and condenser ' s design by lots testing, and compare the effect of heat - exchange for different type flake, and compare the effect of heat resistance for different stretch of copper tube and flake. then we get many useful results from those different comparing

蒸發器與冷凝器統稱為換熱器，換熱器是空調器與外界進行能量交換窗口，利用傳熱學原理對換熱器的效率進行分析，通過大量的試驗比較不同的蒸發器，冷凝器設計方案的優劣；比較冷凝器使用不同片型對換熱效果的影響；比較銅管與翅片的不同脹緊對熱阻的影響，通過比較得出很多有用的結論。

The analysis of the large - scale synoptic situation shows that strong precipitation is closely related to the explosion of monsoon and the intensification of cross - equatorial flow which bring a lot of vapor and meet with cold masses at the eastern of northwest district on 8th, june causing extremely heavy rainfall ; that subtropical high - level jet at 200hpa, subtropical high at 500hpa and low - level jet at 850hpa are the weather backgrounds favorable to strong precipitation ; that the pattern of eastern highs and western lows and the establishment of a low - level jet and the coupling between upper - and low - level patterns that determine that the rain occurred in the east of the northwest china ( on average, this is the rainy season for the south of china, but not for the northwest china ) ; that water vapor comes from southerly and easterly flow which converge at the eastern of northwest district with convergence mainly in lower levels and pbl ; that the high value of the whole - level apparent heat source < q1 > is near the area of large rainfall in the direction of northeasterly - southwesterly agreeable to shear line very well and the condensation latent heat releasing is main heat source with vertical advection item playing key role in q1 and q2 ; that there is a vertical secondary circulation crossing low - lever jet whose ascending branch is at the area of large rainfall ; that the construction of convection instability and conditional symmetry instability results that there is not only deep thermal instability, but also moisture influx and triggering mechanism of thermal instability causing strong torrential rain

作為對比，本文還對2002年6月24 - 25日發生在北京地區的強地形雨進行了分析，並討論陜南、北京地區兩地暴雨的異同點以及地形作用的共性和個性，為兩地暴雨預報提供有益的參考，得出了一些很有意義的結果： 1大尺度環流背景分析表明： （ 1 ） 「 02 . 6 」強降水與6月上旬越赤道氣流和季風爆發密切相關，攜帶大量水汽的偏南氣流與冷空氣於6月8日交匯在西北地區東部，導致了這次強降水的發生； （ 2 ） 200hpa的副熱帶西風急流、 500hpa副高以及850hpa的低空急流的配置非常有利於本文分析之陜西強降水的發展與維持。大尺度形勢分析表明，東高西低形勢場、低空急流的建立和高低空形勢的配置決定了這場降雨出現在西北地區東部。與暴雨區相聯系，存在一支橫越低空急流的經向垂直環流，暴雨區處于該垂直環流的上升支； （ 3 ）偏南和偏東氣流水汽通道在西北地區東部交匯，水汽的輻合積聚主要在對流層低層和行星邊界層內完成； （ 4 ）整層的視熱源< q _ 1 >高值區在暴雨區附近呈東北-西南向分佈，與切變線走向非常一致，降水產生的凝結潛熱釋放是強降水區大氣的主要熱源。

Treatment for three stubborn problems in the safe and economical operation of cfbc boiler wear prevention of wall and heating surface discharge and cooling of bottom slag

爐壁和受熱面防磨的治理及爐底渣排放與冷卻

The temperature rises and the dc voltage are proportional to the power dissipated, which is equal to the power of the source being measured if the input impedance is suitably matched to the source impedance

熱偶冷熱結之間的溫度差和熱電勢均正比于耗散在ta2n電阻上的微波功率，如果熱偶的工作電阻與同軸傳輸系統電阻匹配適當，該功率就等於被測源的功率。

After a long - term research, we introduced metal - mesh into ptfe thin lining with a particular technology, which enables it not to free expand or contract with the variation of temperature, improve its pressure and vacuum resistance capacity

本公司經過長期研究，於1988年採用特殊技術，將金屬網引入ptfe薄層內部，使ptfe層熱脹冷縮降低到與鋼外殼相一致，同時還增加了強度，提高了耐正、負壓性能。

Frosting in winter for air source heat pump heat chiller unit

空氣源熱泵冷熱水機組結霜工況研究現狀與進展

The meltable liquid touches with the rotary drum of cooling that form material film in rotary drum appearance. the heat exchange between material film and drum wall makes material film cooling and crystallization. the crystal material film is cut by scraper which forms piece product

轉鼓結片是一個冷卻結晶過程，料盤中熔融料液與冷卻的轉鼓接觸，在轉鼓表面形成料膜，通過料膜與鼓壁間的換熱，使料膜冷卻結晶，結晶的料膜被刮刀刮下，成為片狀產品。

The heat transfer coefficient at the gas temperature ranging from 500 to 1248 between stave and furnace gas is determined by the combination of calculation model of temperature field and the temperature value of hot surface calculated from the temperature measured near hot surface

用試驗測量冷卻壁近熱面溫度來推算冷卻壁熱面溫度，與冷卻壁溫度場計算模型結合，確定了爐氣溫度在500 ~ 1248范圍內，高爐冷卻壁與爐氣之間的換熱系數。

Through having done field surveys in the campus of chongqing university, this paper tested classroom indoor and outdoor climate parameters in june, july and september of 2005, it used questionnaire to acquire subjects ’ thermal sense, draft sense and humidity sense in classroom each month, and programmed composition to compute predicted mean vote and compared pmv with the field testing results of mean thermal sensation vote. it is discovered that pmv is overvalued the college student ’ thermal sensation in chongqing. it finds that people in chongqing adapt to the typical summer hot and winter cold sweltering weather

對重慶地區高校教室的現場調查，測試了重慶大學2005年六月、七月和九月教室室內外熱環境參數，通過採用問卷主要掌握了受測對象教室里的冷熱感、氣流感和潮濕感，通過編製程序求得預測平均熱感覺評價pmv的值，比較pmv和問卷調查得到的平均熱感覺mtsv ，發現pmv預測值高估了重慶地區高校學生的熱感覺，這里的人群對重慶這種夏熱冬冷地區比較典型的悶熱氣候具有一定的熱適應性，對現場問卷調查的結果進行分析，得出了室內空氣溫度、氣流速度、相對濕度與人體主觀感覺之間的回歸曲線，發現重慶地區高校學生熱中性時的空氣溫度為25 . 5 ， fanger根據歐美人群調查得到的公式計算出的預測熱感覺為中性時的空氣溫度為25 . 0 ，兩者相差0 . 5 。

The specific heat on undercooled liquid state is linear with temperature, and it is the prolongation by extrapolating the curve of the specific heat on stable liquid to lower temperature. in the vicinity of the melting point, no uncontinuity is found

過冷狀態下熔體的比熱與溫度呈線性關系，且為過熱熔體比熱曲線向低溫方向的延伸，在熔點附近未發現比熱的不連續性。

The roller can not directly contact with the ground, and avoid to contact with the cold metal or other objects

抽出的熱態輥棒不能直接與地面接觸，並避免與冷金屬以及與輥棒溫差太大的物體接觸。

Full - stainless stell ; oil - water separator, liquid heating ; auto - matic constant tempertature ; outside - jiint water or air cooler ; solution recobering system to keep the solution clean for a long time ; level auto - control ; fast cooling and drying ; convenient draining ; double protecting debice ; auto - reset function

全不銹鋼結構，內置油水分離器，液體加熱與自動恆溫，外接冷水機，或冷氣機組，溶劑回收再生，使清洗劑長期清潔，具有液位自動控制，快速冷卻乾燥，排污方便，雙重保護裝置，自動復位功能。

This paper mainly research on the heat and cooling of the high power density induction motor

重點研究該高功率密度電機的發熱與冷卻問題。

Methods for testing and rating fan coil units, unit heaters and unit coolers - thermal and volumetric performance for heating and cooling duties ; with additional ducting

風機盤管供暖裝置，單元供熱器和單元供冷器試驗和評定方法.第3部分:加熱與冷卻負荷的熱性能及體積特性;有附加導管