現付成本 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [xiànfùchéngběn]
現付成本
英文
current outlay costs-
The paper begins with the past and present development situation of china graduate education and then analyses the inevitability of sharing the graduate education cost. it introduces evolvement of the sharing education cost mechanism and the tuition policy and compares the sharing mechanism and tuition policy with different countries at different time. it also introduces and analyses some important theories of sharing graduate education cost mechanism and the tuition policy, with the current research results and from economics and demotics viewpoint it concludes the payment capability rules and profit capability rules of sharing mechanism which is to conduct establishing the policies of tuition and investment of education
論文從中國研究生教育發展的歷史和現狀出發，分析了研究生教育成本分擔的必要性；並對研究生教育成本分擔機制與學費政策的歷史演變作了介紹，比較了不同時期國內外的分擔機制和學費政策；介紹並分析了研究生教育成本分擔機制和學費政策的幾個重要理論依據，借鑒現有的研究成果，從經濟學和社會學的角度，歸納出分擔機制的支付能力原則和收益能力原則，用以指導學費政策及其他教育投入政策的制定。Dr michael dickmann, director of the centre for research into the management of expatriation at cranfield school of management, said : long - term assignments, short - term assignments and international commuting are all on the increase. and for most employers, the benefits of these working arrangements clearly outweigh the costs
克蘭菲爾德管理學院外籍人員管理研究中心主任michael dickmann博士說道： 「長期和短期職務任命以及國際間職務調動現象正在不斷增加，對大多數僱主來說，這樣的工作安排所帶來的收益明顯超過企業所付出的成本。Not only motivate the talented person as well as reduce the rate of brain drain, but also make the enterprise avoid the overage cost on human being. make the employee of the enterprise could share in their work production reasonable, meantime not to the extent of made the enterprise less surplus to impact its long - term development these subject all need the enterprise to contain a fair remuneration system. the good remuneration system can draw on, retain the elitist, but the unmerited remuneration system would then bring crisis, moreover to impact the normal business of the enterprise
人才為企業的生產經營活動作出貢獻，企業根據其能力及業績貢獻來付給人才報酬，但是如何界定人才應得的報酬以及人才的勞動力市場價值，並實現企業人力報酬的內部公平與外部公平，既要充分調動人才的工作積極性，降低人才流動率，又要使企業不至於承擔過多的人力成本；使企業的員工能合理分享其工作的成果? ?企業的利潤，同時又不至於使企業因為分享利潤過多自身內容提要粵， ， ，巴粵巴里巴里巴里日口口口盈餘過少而影響企業的長遠發展。The result reveals that standardized software provides a higher return though there exist much customized demands in market ; governmental agencies as big clients contribute a lower return on sales and lower delivery rate because of their monopoly position ; regional business environment affects transaction costs greatly, causing a poor performance ; the performance is significantly influenced by incentive mechanism, not significantly by the cognitive of project managers
結果發現客戶對定製化需求大，但對標準化軟體卻有更高的邊際利潤；政府機構是大客戶，但其壟斷地位，所帶來的銷售利潤率和項目交付率並不高；地域商務環境影響交易成本，進而顯著地影響了項目的業績水平；項目業績受項目經理激勵程度和方式的影響，但與項目經理認知特徵無顯著關系。The research object in this text is a project of the real estate in the chengdu city from the new vision. the project of the real estate is divided into four stages : concept stage, developing stage, performing stage and last stage. the main content of the project management in the concept stage is how to organize the feasibility test well. the main of the project management in the developing stage is how to organize man, material, finance and how to be ready for all the soft and hardware. the main content of the project management in the performing stage is how to guanatee quality, cost and time planning. the main content of the project management in the last stage is how to evaluate, check and accept, deliver the project and organize the last work well. confronting the present situation in all the stages, i work out some good measures. it is about to think the real estate project management farther in the last chapr. er. i bring out xhe important principle about the project management of the real estate and several question which must be delt with. comprehensively evaluating and perfecting the project management in the whole stages is all contents that the project management has the whole efficacy
本文以全新的視角，以成都市一個房地產開發項目為研究對象，創新性地把房地產開發項目劃分為四個階段：概念階段；開發階段；實施階段；收尾階段。概念階段項目管理的主要內容是組織好可行性論證；開發階段項目管理的主要內容是組織好人、財、物及一切軟硬體準備；實施階段項目管理的主要內容是保證質量、進度、成本；收尾階段項目管理的主要內容是評審、驗收及項目交付和組織結束工作。針對不同階段的項目管理的現狀分析，提出完善的對策方案，最後是對房地產開發項目管理的進一步思考，提出房地產開發項目管理的關鍵性原則及應處理好的幾個問題。Using ordinary modem, the data transmission speed under the current existing twisted pair access copper telephone lines network for voice communication is limited to 56kb s, which is totally inadequate for high volume data transmission. even using the adsl technology, the maximum transmission speed can only be increased up 6mb s. to surmount this problem by providing optical network access directly to all users ? home and offices not only involve very high cost but also extremely time consuming engineering work
現存原來用作話音通訊的雙絞銅線電話固網，在利用現時普通的modem情況下，數據傳送速度僅為56kb s即使利用較先進的adsl技術，其最高速率亦只有6mb s ，不足以應付高容量資訊的傳輸然而要做到光纖入戶，不但成本高昂，而且工程所需之時間漫長。Using ordinary modem, the data transmission speed under the current existing twisted pair access copper telephone lines network for voice communication is limited to 56kbs, which is totally inadequate for high volume data transmission. even using the adsl technology, the maximum transmission speed can only be increased up 6mbs. to surmount this problem by providing optical network access directly to all users ? home and offices not only involve very high cost but also extremely time consuming engineering work
現存原來用作話音通訊的雙絞銅線電話固網，在利用現時普通的modem情況下，數據傳送速度僅為56kbs ；即使利用較先進的adsl技術，其最高速率亦只有6mbs ，不足以應付高容量資訊的傳輸；然而要做到光纖入戶，不但成本高昂，而且工程所需之時間漫長。The model of this paper explores the links between the following factors and the credit rationing in china. the change of banks " attitude to credit risk may lead to credit rationing ; banks give much more emphasis on the trade cost and the payable value of collateral, which may give rise to credit rationing ; the decreasing of asset price during economic stagnation produces credit rationing ; the bias of banks " objective function from the maximization of profit and the transformation of the function relating to the reform of the financial system cause credit rationing ; if different parts of the whole markets are not integrated, the credit in the part with low capital return ratio will be rationed. during economic recession, banks tend to ration the credit in the high - risk market ; the removing of interest ceiling will narrow down the interest spread of deposit and credit at least during a period, which may strengthen credit rationing ; meanwhile, the vulnerable borrowers, including small and middle - sized enterprises, will get more credit from banks even though they have to pay a higher interest rate
論文的模型探討了下列因素和中國信貸配給現象之間的聯系：商業銀行對信貸風險的態度變化，在辨別和控制信貸風險上開始投入大量的成本，這一過程會導致信貸配給；商業銀行對與法治環境相關的交易成本和抵押品清償價值的日漸關注會導致信貸配給；宏觀經濟緊縮時期資產價格下降會導致信貸配給；商業銀行經營目標函數偏離利潤最大化，近幾年金融業改革過程使商業銀行目標函數發生變化，這一變化過程可能導致信貸配給；在市場分化的條件下，收益水平低的市場會遭受信貸配給；在經濟下滑時期，商業銀行尤其會對高風險市場配給信貸；利率市場化使商業銀行的存貸利差至少在一段時間內縮窄，利差縮窄可能加重信貸配給的程度：在利率市場化條件下，弱勢借款者，包括中小企業，遭受信貸配給的程度可能得到緩解，但支付的貸款利率水平將會升高。The new facilities have become operational in may 2004. rehm anlagenbau gmbh looks to the joint venture as a vehicle to tap the average annual growth of 2, 000 smt production lines in china, and to position itself closer to the market to enable much shortened shipment leadtime
現在透過德日，設備可在中國生產，不但縮短了付運期，同時可享受中國的成本優勢，並能為客戶提供更佳的相關服務。Although improvements on the stockholders ’ right to know had been made in the amendment of company law 2005, the relevant provisions still seem too simple and insufficient for carrying out. thus, supplements based on foreign successful legislative experience are necessary. this article holds that, due to lack of personnel and the cost of institution formation, we had better not entitle stockholders the right to ask for outsiders as inspectors at present ; because of the insufficiency in the rules of the right of
本文認為，由於人才的匱乏及制度建設的成本，我國現階段還不宜引進檢查人選任請求權制度;鑒于現行公司法對股東質詢權制度尚付闕如，而質詢權的行使對于股東大會議決功能的充分發揮意義甚大，建議我國立法予以承認，詳細規定股東質詢權行使的條件、場合、目的性限制及救濟程序;股東帳簿查閱權雖然日趨完善，但仍需擴大股東查閱權的范圍、明確權利行使的條件、規定權利的邊界並落實具體的法律救濟程序。On this basis of deep investigation in current situation of the financial business process and financial affairs informationization in swa, by the study on business process reengineering facing to enterprise informationization, according to the business characteristics and demands of every business of financial administration, this article came out the goal of business process reengineering involving accounts dealing of financial affairs and the management of selling, accounts receivable, purchasing, accounts payable, stock, salaries, fixed assets, cost in swa
在對西南鋁財務業務流程及財務信息化現狀深入調查研究的基礎上，依據對面向企業信息化的業務流程重構作出的研究，根據西南鋁財務管理各業務的業務特點和需求，分別提出了西南鋁財務賬務處理、銷售與應收賬款、采購、應付賬款與存貨、工資、固定資產與成本各個業務流程的重構目標，並進行其業務流程重構。In the actual conditions of costa rica, and with the present banana international prices, it is necessary to produce 2100 exportable boxes to cover total cost of production
在哥斯大黎加的實際情況下，按國際香蕉現價計算，需產出2100出口貨箱才能支付生產總成本。This paper combines the application and research of cellular manufacturing resource management system in high - efficient numerical control machining technique research of commission of science technology and industry for national defense and demonstration project research of chengdu aerocraft corporation, studies and practice the management of workshop ' s resource management which according to mrp hand jit " s thoughts and the characteristic of manufacturing execution system to meet advanced management concept ; have realized the computer - assisted management of the measuring tool, cutter, fixture and material in numerical control manufacturing center of chengdu aerocraft corporation, have introduced some manage method, concept and the management thought in production planning and controlling management, stock management and cost management ; makes the information of cost manage department, technology department and resource management department can be shared and integrated with each other, have guaranteed the production of numerical control manufacturing center of chengdu aerocraft corporation can go on by order ; this paper is taking the management of cutter as a sample, have studied the major working process and the realistic demand of resource management in the environment of numerical control ; have established systematic function model and information model with the method of idefo, idef1x ; under the support of intranet, with the method of joint application and development, combines advanced management theory and reality, using mature software development tool, this paper have developed the computer - aided manufacturing resource management software under the pattern of c / s
本文結合國防科工委「高效數控加工技術研究?成飛示範工程」課題中單元化製造資源管理系統的研究與應用，從車間層開始圍繞製造資源計劃（ mrp ）和準時制生產（ justintime ，簡稱jit ）的需求並結合製造執行系統（ manufacturingexecutionsystem ）的特點對車間資源的管理作了一定的研究和探討，並付諸實踐，以適應先進的管理理念；實現了成飛數控加工中心刀具、量具、工裝、物料等製造資源的計算機輔助管理，介紹了一些計劃與調度管理、庫存管理、成本管理的管理思想、理念及方法，完成了與車間生產調度部門、工藝部門、經營管理部門的信息共享和集成，從製造資源的角度保證了成飛數控加工中心的生產能有序、受控的進行；對今後的車間層製造資源管理探索出了一條切實可行的解決途徑。本文以刀具管理為例，研究了高效數控環境下製造資源管理的現實需求及主要的工作流程；採用idefo 、 idef1x方法建立了系統的功能模型和信息模型；並在車間局域網的支持下，採用聯合應用開發（ jad ）方法（即程序開發人員與最終用戶共同開發系統） ，以先進的管理理論為指導，結合生產現場的實際情況，利用成熟的軟體開發工具開發了c s模式下的計算機輔助製造資源管理系統軟體。5. payment cash, assets exchange, assumption of debt, creditor payment and hybrid payment are the five feasible means of payment in backdoor listings
五、價款支付方式國內買殼上市的價款支付方式主要有現金支付、資產置換支付、債權支付、混合支付、承擔債務的零成本收購等5種方式。Other companies, mainly programmable logic device manufacturers, offer free software for their devices to reduce the cost of hardware design and individual configuration, and in turn encourage the use of their devices which are open hardware compliant
硬體上實現內核時要付費。其它公司，主要的可編程邏輯設備廠商，為他們的設備提供免費軟體以減少硬體設計和個人配置的成本，輪流鼓勵使用他們的設備（適應開放硬體） 。This thesis first compares the difference between the physical retailing and the e - retailing, and then discusses the advantages in e - retailing, which expand the content of service in e - retailing products through the innovation of product, the innovation of management technology and the innovation of contracting environments. as the procedure of e - retailing, the thesis considers the e - retailing as the life - cycle of a product. based on this, the thesis gives the basic conditions and fundamental environments supporting the e - retailing, which includes the improved infrastructure and internet network, the enough number of consumers, the upgrading of ' management technology, the convenient logistic conditions and the popularity of internet payment tools
對網路零售的發展過程，本文理解為以社會經濟環境的變遷所決定的網路零售生命周期，依此為參照，通過與美國等發達國家網路零售環境的比較，探討網路零售進入成長期的臨界條件和環境，即社會經濟環境的發展和變遷帶來的交易成本的下降是網路零售得以實現的基礎，包括：基礎設施和通訊設施的完善、網路零售消費者群體的發展壯大、管理技術條件的進步和提升、良好的物流配送環境、網路支付手段和網路銀行的普及。It will also examine the efficiency, pricing and costs, degree of market access, and level of competition present in the provision of retail payment services and assess whether there are any significant concerns in these areas
此外，檢討將會探討零售支付服務的效率價格及成本，可供使用的容易程度，以及市場競爭的現況，從而評估這些環節是否存在任何重大的問題。For a business combination realized by a transaction of exchange, the combination costs shall be the fair values, on the acquisition date, of the assets paid, the liabilities incurred or assumed and the equity securities issued by the acquirer in exchange for the control on the acquiree
（一）一次交換交易實現的企業合併，合併成本為購買方在購買日為取得對被購買方的控制權而付出的資產、發生或承擔的負債以及發行的權益性證券的公允價值。Thirdly, we must deal with the issue well, which is the cost on the process of the change and the government should take the responsibi i ity
第三，在目前現收現付制向部分積累制轉換的過程中，要解決好體制轉換的過渡成本問題，就應該由政府來承擔。Its promoted use is beneficial to implement of manufacturing planning precisely and accurately, to control storage stock efficiently, to ensure low production cost, on - time production and delivery in all projects, therefore, worth referring to mrpii / jit mixed use in other manufacture field
它的應用有利於實現生產計劃精細化和準確化，能夠有效控制庫存，保證各個項目的生產實現低成本，準時生產，準時交付的目標。本研究對其它製造業在生產管理上的混用mrp / jit管理方法也有一定的參考價值。分享友人