現金支出成本 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [xiànjīnzhīchūchéngběn]
現金支出成本 英文
out of pocket cost
  • 現 : Ⅰ名詞1 （現在; 此刻） present; now; current; existing 2 （現款） cash; ready money Ⅱ副詞（臨時; ...
  • 金 : Ⅰ名詞1 （金屬） metals 2 （錢） money 3 （古時金屬制的打擊樂器） ancient metal percussion instrum...
  • 支 : Ⅰ名詞1 （分支; 支派） branch; offshoot 2 （地支） the twelve earthly branches3 （姓氏） a surname...
  • 成 : Ⅰ動詞1 （完成; 成功） accomplish; succeed 2 （成為; 變為） become; turn into 3 （成全） help comp...
  • 本 : i 名詞1 （草木的莖或根）stem or root of plants 2 （事物的根源）foundation; origin; basis 3 （本錢...
  • 現金 : 1 （現款） ready money; cash; ready 2 （銀行庫存的貨幣） cash reserve in a bank; 現金儲備 cash re...
  • 支出 : 1. （付出去） pay; expend; disburse 2. （支付的款項） expenses; expenditure; outlay; disbursement
  1. Concern the provision of audit work station according to accounting method, if an accounting clerk manages debt already, provide check again, apparent and easy cheat, should give so prohibit ; the accountant record of an unit is custodial, it is the accountant such as budget of forms for reporting statistics of book of zhang of all sorts of prooves that point to this pair of units, accountant, accountant, financial plan, unit and important contract data, after be being collected regularly, examine a nucleus to be opposite, arrange stand roll, schedule, bound into book custodial, if allow a person to manage the debt of an unit already, keep again accountant record, made motion easily on debt apparently later the action that the opportunity of record of recycle government accountant covers him, give so prohibit : the registering job of items of an account of debt of the income of an unit, defray, charge, creditor ' s rights, the much that includes station of work of charge to an account but not be all ( for instance cash journal and bank come - and - go journal are not included ), this part charge to an account works, it is the foundation of business accounting of an unit accountant, also be the basis that produces cash come - and - go, also cannot hold part - time by cashier personnel, a person manages debt already, manage charge to an account again the basis that this produces debt come - and - go, very easy defalcate

    根據會計法有關稽核工作崗位的規定，假如一個會計工作人員既管錢款，又管復核，顯然輕易作假，所以要予以禁止；一個單位的會計檔案保管，是指對本單位的各種憑證、會計賬簿、會計報表、財務計劃、單位預算和重要的合同等會計資料，定期收集后，審查核對，整理立卷，編制目錄、裝訂成冊的保管，假如答應一個人既治理一個單位的錢款，又保管會計檔案，顯然輕易在錢款上做了手腳之後再利用治理會計檔案的機會掩蓋自己的行為，所以予以禁止：一個單位的收入、支出、費用、債權債務賬目的登記工作，包括記賬工作崗位的大部分但不是全部（比如現金日記賬和銀行往來日記賬就不包括在內） ，這部分記賬工作，是一個單位會計核算的基礎，也是發生現金往來的根據，也不能由出納人員兼任，一個人既治理錢款，又治理記賬這一發生錢款往來的根據，很輕易監守自盜。
  2. Although not a cash cost, depreciation or amortization is typically included in the calculation of eva as an economic cost for the use of the asset during the period

    雖然折舊或攤銷不是現金的支出，但它在eva的計算中是一種在某一時期內使用某資產的典型的經濟成本。
  3. Based on the case study of china international marine containers ( group ) co. ltd, a domestic listing company, this article will analyze from the perspectives of the structure, the operational process, the operational efficiency, the special advantages and the viability in chinese market of the asset - backed securitization financing. asset - backed securitization ( abs ) means that to pull out either the banks " or corporate illiquid assets from others to form as an asset pool, and through structural reorganization and under the guarantee of expected stable income stream, it becomes one of the financing ways in the international capital market

    資產證券化（ asset - backedsecuritizition ，意為資產支持證券化，簡稱abs ） ，是指將銀行或公司所擁有的缺乏流動性的資產從其他資產中分離出來形成一個資產池，以該資產可以預期的、未來持續穩定的現金流為保證，通過結構性重組，在國際資本市場發行證券來籌集資金的一種融資方式。
  4. Notwithstanding condition 5. 4, unless and until the bank receives any instructions to the contrary, the bank shall be authorised to present to the extent that the bank has actual notice thereof for payment all securities which are called, redeemed or retired or otherwise become payable and all coupons and other income items held by it for the account of the customer which call for payment upon presentation and shall hold such cash as is received by it upon such payment for the account of the customer ; hold for the account of the customer hereunder all stock dividends, rights and similar securities issued with respect to any securities held by it hereunder ; exchange interim receipts or temporary securities for definitive securities and hold such definitive securities for the account of the customer ; and deduct or withhold any sum on account of any tax required, or which in its view is required to be deducted or withheld or for which it is in its view, liable or accountable, by law or practice of any relevant revenue authority of any jurisdiction

    盡管有第5 . 4 a條之規定，除非及直至本行收到任何相反之指示，本行將被授權i只限於本行有實際通知之范圍內把所有被催交贖回或收回或其他成為應支付之證券及所有息票及由本行代客戶之賬戶而持有並在出示時成為應付的其他收入項目出示以取得付款，及在取得該付款後代客戶之賬戶持有該些現金ii在此等條件下代客戶之賬戶持有一切就本行在此等條件下所持有的任何證券而發行之股票股息優惠認股權證及類似證券iii以中期收據或臨時證券兌換正式證券及為客戶之賬戶持有該正式證券及iv扣減或預扣任何稅務規定之款項或本行認為須扣減或預扣之款項或本行認為根據任何司法管轄權區之任何有關稅務機構之法律或慣例須支付或負責之款項。
  5. All moneys carried to the reserve fund and all other moneys of or borrowed by the company while not immediately applicable or required for any payment to be made by the company may be either employed in the business of the company without being kept separate from the other assets, or be invested by the directors upon such securities ( other than the purchase of or a loan upon shares of the company ) as the directors may from time to time think proper v oh power for them from time to time to deal with and vary such investments and to dispose of all or any part thereof for the benefit of the company and divide the reserve fund into such special funds retransfer the reserve fund or any part thereof to the credit of profit and loss account or otherwise deal with the same as they may think fit

    不論何時通過此種決議，董事會都應負責做好作為資本的未分配利潤的調撥和使用工作，做好所有繳足股本的股票或債券（如果有）的分配和發行，做好實施決議的一切工作，如果股票或債券可零星分配，董事會可全權作出發行零星股權證或用現金支付或其他他們認為恰當的決定，同時可授權任何人代表有權得到分配的全體股東與公司簽訂協議，一旦資本轉換，由公司向股東分別分配繳足股本的股票或債券，或視情況要求，按轉換成資本的紅利的比例，由公司代表他們繳納他們現持股份中為繳足的全部或部分股款，由此授權達成的協議應為有效，對所有此種股東均有拘束力。
  6. The nature of asset securitization is a structural financing instrument applying for the main purpose of realize, transfer and ensure the future cash flow of the original asserts. building and operating of the special purpose vehical ( spv ) share those risks accompanying returns produced in the course of financing within all the participants. such result is achieved by three - core technology named as " real sell ", " bankrupt protect ", and " credit increase "

    文章首先對資產證券化的含義做了理論界定，然後對資產證券化融資的構造原理進行了剖析，指出這種融資創新的實質是：以實現、轉移、保障原始資產的未來現金流為根本目的，通過創造性地構建特殊目的結構spv ，並以此為依託巧妙地實現原始資產的「真實銷售」 、 「破產隔離」 、和「信用提高」 ，從而將整個融資過程的風險和收益有效分攤給所有參與者，最終得以發行風險較小、信用級別較高、融資成本較低的資產支持證券abs的結構性融資方式。
  7. Enterprises need outsourcing capital of low - risk and low - cost to extend, the security issue and the market in which the security is sold to the investors are necessary to the enterprise ' s accumulating and distributing capital. the security market lets the enterprises get rid of excessive dependence on the bank, and realize the diversity choices of financing. the market chooses out the enterprises in the industries which have latent capacity and outstanding achievement, gives the enterprises capital sustenance for deep development by security financing, and finally promotes the industry development by supporting the core - enterprises in the industries

    證券市場的出現，創造了一個金融與微觀主體的投資活動直接相聯系的機制，企業擴張需要低風險和低成本的外源資本，證券發行和把證券出售給投資者的市場對于企業積累和配置資本來說必不可少，證券市場使企業擺脫了對銀行融資的過度依賴實現了融資選擇的多樣化，證券市場把產業中具有發展潛力有成長業績的企業挑選出來，通過證券融資使其獲得進一步發展的資金支持，通過扶持產業內的核心企業促進了產業成長。
  8. Using chile ' s successful experience for a reference while considering the situation of our co untry, we shows that the convert cost could be simulated through the following fund raising methods : 1. the circulation of the stock from the decreasing holding of state owned corporation, liquidating or appropriating parts of state owned assets, levy special duty and use it to simulate some convert cost. 2. through issuing welfare lottery to raising money to simulate convert cost in the same time levy social security duty in order to solve the problems in raising social security fund

    借鑒智利成功經驗，並結合我國實際，我們認為，我國社會保障制度的轉製成本可以通過以下一些籌資渠道來進行消化：國有股的減持流通；變現或劃拔部分國有資產；調整國家財政支出結構：通過發行類似智利「認可債券」的特種長期國債；徵收特種稅，將稅收所得用於消化部分轉製成本；通過發行福利彩票籌集資金來消化部分轉製成本。
  9. The first part of the thesis set forth the essential theory of agriculture protection based on the essential status and weakness of the agriculture. point out that it ' s necessary to use the finance to sustain the agriculture for many reason such as the shortage of agricultural resource, the redundancy of the supply to the industy, the challenge and the rule after the wto entry and the task of well - off construction. the second part of the thesis analyze the actuality of the agriculture sustain and protection from the three aspect - the scale, the construction and the effect of expend for the agriculture sustain and protection, search the policy reason such as the increasing gap between the urban and the country and the slow speed of peasant ' s income, investigate the series of problem such as the small investment scale, irrationality for the construction, the disorder for the fund management and the imbalance assignment for the budget

    本文採用理論研究與實證分析相結合的方法，以農業的基礎地位和弱質性為起點，闡述了財政支持保護農業的基本理論，提出由於我國農業資源相對匱乏，過去曾為工業提供積累過多，以及入世以後所面臨的諸多規則、挑戰和當前我國推進全面小康建設的艱巨任務，使得財政支持保護農業成為必然；接著就財政對農業支出的規模、結構和效果，分析我國財政支持保護農業的現狀，探尋目前我國城鄉差距加大、農民增收緩慢的政策原因，深入研究了財政支農方式上的投資規模小、結構不合理、資金管理混亂、資金預算安排不平衡等問題；著重從財政投入政策、農產品價格和收入政策以及進出口政策三個方面對國外財政支農政策進行了分析和借鑒，突出完善我國財政支持保護農業發展的對策，並結合我國農業發展的實際水平，借鑒國外經驗，闡明自己的見解。
  10. First, the paper discusses asset securitization financing structure can reduce information cost and supervision cost to realize financing at low cost from economic angle, and then analyses restrained conditions of establishing internal asset securitization market and feasibility of power plants asset - securitization financing and then the paper comes up with frame - structured model and operation procedure of internal power plants asset securitization, namely raising money for power plants by establishing securitization center and issuing asset - backed securities, and expounds each technical links. last, the paper carries out a trial explore into the opportunities and problems that may exist during practicing power plants asset - securitization in shan ' xi province, and also makes several suggestions from the aspects of policy, legislation and system, and then makes a conclusion that asset securitization should choose a way developing in practice

    論文首先從經濟角度論述了資產證券化融資結構可以降低企業融資過程中的信息成本、管製成本，實現低成本融資；然後分析了我國建立資產證券化市場的約束條件以及電力生產企業進行資產證券化融資的可行性；之後提出了我國電力生產企業資產證券化融資的框架結構模型及運作程序：由財政部設立證券化中心發行資產支持證券的方式為電力生產企業融通資金，並對各技術環節進行了闡述；最後對陜西省推行電力生產企業資產證券化融資的機會及問題進行了調研分析，並從政策、法律、體制等方面針對性地提出了對策及建議，指出其證券化應選擇在實踐中發展的道路。
  11. Applying the stocking - methodology and management - theory of supply chain management and making use of the supplier cooperation relationship management, the capital flow management, the information management based on advanced technology such as edi, storage management, achievement evaluation and so on, the enterprise realize the jit purchasing on the situation of absenting enough detailed classification of product, finally fulfill the requirement of acutely variable order form, maximize the degree of customers " satisfaction, improve the adherence and contentment of customers, at the same time minimize the cost of the whole organization and establish a new multi - profit purchasing pattern

    本文運用供應鏈管理中先進的采購方法和管理理論，通過對供應商的戰略合作夥伴關系管理，資金流管理，以edi等技術支撐的信息系統管理，庫存管理和績效評價等方法和措施，在產品細分不足的情況下，實現準時采購，解決滿足波動較大的訂單需求的問題，使消費者滿意最大化，提高顧客的滿意度和忠誠度，同時使組織付出的成本最小化，建立起一種多贏的新型采購模式。
  12. However, since the 1970s, the resurgence of small and medium - sized enterprises has appeared in american economy, the ratio of their production in the gdp has gradually risen, and economic status has improved, esp., in the 1990s, they have played very important roles in the aspects of technological innovation, increasing employment, and promoting exportation, etc. limited by their own characteristics, one of the largest difficulties of developing small and medium - sized enterprises is lacking of capital. such being the case, the governments and other economic sectors all over the world, either developed or developing countries, have focused on solving this problem

    本文在分析美國中小企業在經濟中的地位的基礎上，首先對中小企業的融資模式進行了探討，認為盡管美國是市場主導型的金融系統，商業銀行貸款仍是中小企業外源融資的主要形式，隨著金融創新的出現，資本市場的創新形式? ?創業投資和納斯達克市場為中小企業的權益融資提供了新的渠道;政府在中小企業融資方面也提供了強有力的支持;其次，本文討論了美國中小企業融資的有效制度安排，包括相關的金融立法、創新的融資機制和抵禦風險的信用擔保體系等;最後，在分析我國中小企業融資現狀及造成我國中小企業融資困境原因的基礎上，借鑒美國的有益經驗，提出了有益的建議。
  13. The last chapter comments on the “ chilean model ”. the author agrees on some successful facts in chilean pension reform, espiecally for the high investment return and the positive effects on the development of capital market as well as macro - economy brought forth by pension fund. however, there are still some difficulties and problems unsolved in chilean pension system, such as the low coverage of pension plan, high management cost, pension income gap, the fiscal burden and so on

    同時，智利模式面臨的問題也是突出的:表現在參保率差，養老金收入分配差距擴大，針對低收入群體的財政支出負擔加重以及投資方面存在的成本負擔過重、市場監管過度等方面的問題上，這些問題的產生既有私營養老金體制自身的原因，也有經濟社會條件變化帶來的影響因素。
  14. As a long - term stimulating salary system to enterprise proprietors, the merits of eso are that it can help corporations to lower agency cost, attract the talent, reduce cash expenditure and eliminate short - term behavior of employees

    本文認為，股票期權是指在公司治理中對經營者進行長期激勵的一種薪酬制度，其價值在於降低代理成本、吸引優秀人才、減少企業現金支出和克服企業人員的短期行為。
  15. The way and content of this thesis are as followed : ( 1 ) based on briefly describing the company present condition and problems of management with analysis of such question, this thesis pointes out that putting crm into practice is an effective measure to resolve manage bottleneck, then research its feasibility and definite its line degree in the practice ; ( 2 ) analyze the importance of ex - period preparing work to put crm into practice ; ( 3 ) adjust the company ' s business enterprise culture to replace and recreate the reforming atmosphere to guarantee such work in a low cost with smoothly progress ; ( 4 ) analyze the buildup construction of the company and the business process, aim at the unreasonable construction to proceeds with business process to give a new life, especially at changing the company organization construction with the business process re - engineering ( bpr ) ; ( 5 ) apply the theory of customer letting the worth and the method of customer ' s pyramid divide into section, collect the customer ' s data with the t echnique of american broadcast company to customer data analysis with categorize, provide knowledge to be used by the leaders and help them make the correct decision ; ( 6 ) according to the knowledge of data refined, application wooden pail theories with leaking a theories, aiming at the weak link of company management, make out the concrete strategy to increase the customer ' s satisfaction and loyalty

    本文研究的思路和內容是： （ 1 ）簡述公司經營管理現狀，以公司經營和管理現狀為研究基礎，解析出實施客戶關系管理是解決管理瓶頸的突破口和切入點，然後對公司實施客戶關系管理的可行性加以研究和論證，明確了實施可行度； （ 2 ）解析實施客戶關系管理前期準備工作的重要性，明確高層領導參與和支持的必要性，建立實施項目管理組，並作好實施規劃工作； （ 3 ）調整公司的企業文化，為組織變革創造改革氛圍，以保證實施的低成本和順利進行； （ 4 ）分析公司的組織結構和業務流程，針對不合理結構和業務流程進行再造，重點是運用業務流程再造理論改變公司組織結構和業務流程； （ 5 ）運用客戶讓渡價值理論原理收集客戶資料，運用客戶金字塔和abc分類法對客戶資料分析和歸類，運用客戶管理信息系統，利用數據庫技術和數據挖掘技術對客戶資料進行科學分析和歸納，提煉成供決策領導層使用並能做出正確決策的知識； （ 6 ）根據所提煉出的知識，運用木桶理論和漏桶理論，針對公司管理薄弱環節分析公司應該採取的客戶維系策略，制定適合公司發展的以提高客戶滿意度和忠誠度為目的的具體策略。
  16. The main conclusion is that ( 1 ) china ' s acm is incomplete, therefore, the market equilibrium is in low level ; ( 2 ) the operating scale, the income and property, the product investment, the cash expenditure of education and medical treatment are the main factors that affect the credit demand of households in rural china ; ( 3 ) the asymmetry information, the high transaction cost and the lack of effective supply institutes are the main factors that lead to low efficiency of china ' s acm ; and ( 4 ) the agricultural credit has the positive effect on china ' s agricultural production factors demand and agricultural output, consequently, the agricultural credit is the main factor that restrain the increase of agricultural output and agricultural development

    本文的基本結論是：中國農業信貸市場正處在發育的初級階段，市場機制仍不完善，農業信貸市場處于「低水平均衡」狀態；農戶是中國農業信貸需求的主體，農戶經營規模、農戶收入和財產狀況、農戶生產投資規模以及教育、醫療等大額現金支出是影響農戶借貸需求的主要因素；非對稱信息、高交易成本、有效供給制度缺乏是造成農業信貸市場低效率的重要因素；中國農業信貸投入對農業投入要素的需求具有正向影響，即增加農業信貸供給，將會提高農業投入要素的需求水平，進而增加中國農業產出，促進農業長期發展。
  17. Article 14 the total development cost mentioned in paragraph 4, article 8 of the act refers to the total amount of compensation in cash for expropriated private - owned lands or the agreed purchase price of the lands, the land price of the public - owned lands allocated with compensation, expenses for public works, expenses for land arrangement, and loan interests etc

    第14條本條例第八條第四項所稱開發總成本，指徵收私有土地之現金補償地價或協議價購地價、有償撥用公有土地地價、公共工程費用、土地整理費用及貸款利息等項之支出總額。
  18. Secondly, we described the fundamental concepts and properties of group signature scheme and some general digital signatures that can be used to construct group signature amply, and presented a group signature scheme based on the integer factorization. thirdly, we explained the fundamental concepts and properties of authorized group signature in detail and propounded a secure authorized group signature based upon the discrete logarithm. finally, we illuminated electronic payment system in e - commerce and designed a simple and high secure electronic cash system with multiple banks based on group signature

    首先，對群簽名體制的研究背景、意義以及發展現狀進行了介紹;接著針對群簽名體制的基本概念和性質以及可用於構造群簽名的一些普通的數字簽名體制進行了詳細描述，並基於大整數分解問題給出一個群簽名方案;同時還對授權群簽名的基本概念和必須滿足的基本性質進行了詳細說明，並且基於離散對數問題給出一個安全的授權群簽名方案;最後，對電子商務中的一個重要組成部分? ?電子支付系統進行了詳細的闡述，利用群簽名技術設計出一個簡單、高安全性的多銀行電子現金系統方案。
  19. Facing the tide of asset securitization, financial theory researchers were also created many theories to develop and improve the practice of asset securitization in succession. at the moment, it was formed a rigorous theory system of asset securitization, which was with the analysis of asset cash flow at the core and with asset rebuilding, risk segregating and credit promoting as principals

    面對熱潮湧動的資產證券化浪潮，金融理論研究者也紛紛創造出眾多理論來發展和完善資產證券化業務，逐漸形成了目前以資產現金流分析為核心，以資產重組、風險隔離和信用增級三大原理為支柱的資產證券化理論體系，資產證券化業務的基本運作程序也日臻成熟與完善。
  20. In the thesis, i choose the horizontal and symbiotic industrial cluster basing on the natural resources as the objects to study, and make full use of knowledges from many subjects, including : economy, management, complex science, math, computing simulation, etc. through the idea of " down to up ", i make every individuality ( company ) inside the industrial clusters as a cell ; and choose techological support, labor supply, natural resourses reserve, maket overlay, intermediary service, public foundation, govenment policies as the outside influencing features ; and choose total assets, total production value, output ratio of capital as the indexes of system characters. then, i establish a computing simulation model on the optimal scale of industrial clusters basing on cellular automata model by matlab software, and simulate the shifts of characters of sigle cell according to the changing environments

    本文主要以基於自然資源稟賦的水平共生型產業集群為研究對象，綜合應用現代經濟學、管理學、復雜性科學、數學和計算機模擬方法等多學科的知識，吸納「自下而上」的思想，選取技術支撐、勞動力供給、自然資源、市場輻射、中介服務、公共基礎、政府政策七個變量作為集群成長的外部影響因素以及總資產、總產值和資金產出率作為集群的系統特徵指標，以產業集群（系統）內部的個體企業為單位元胞，參照自適應、自組織的自然演化機制模擬單位元胞自身特質受到周邊環境的變化而改變，採用元胞自動機模型和matlab軟體，建立一個基於元胞自動機模型的產業集群規模演化的計算機模擬模型。
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