球面光度計 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [qiúmiànguāngdùjì]
球面光度計 英文
sphere photometer
  • 球 : 名詞1 （以半圓的直徑為軸 使半圓旋轉一周而成的立體; 由中心到表面各點距離都相等的立體） sphere; glo...
  • 面 : Ⅰ名詞1 （頭的前部; 臉） face 2 （物體的表面） surface; top 3 （外露的一層或正面） outside; the ri...
  • 光 : Ⅰ名詞1 （照耀在物體上、使人能看見物體的一種物質） light; ray 2 （景物） scenery 3 （光彩; 榮譽） ...
  • 度 : 度動詞[書面語] （推測; 估計） surmise; estimate
  • 計 : Ⅰ動詞1 （計算） count; compute; calculate; number 2 （設想; 打算） plan; plot Ⅱ名詞1 （測量或計算...
  • 球面 : spherical surface; sphere球面艙壁 spherical bulkhead; 球面車床 spherical turning lathe; 球面反射...
  1. The two sunspots of a pair have different polarities, one would be a magnetic north and the other is a magnetic south. thus, we believe that there are magnetic field lines joining the two sunspots of a pair. the strong magnetic field locks the gas of the photosphere in places and inhibits the hotter gas below to rise at the sunspots

    黑子經常成雙成對出現，每對皆由極性相反的黑子組成，若一個為磁北，另一個必為磁南，由此我們估計每對黑子皆由磁力線所連系，強大的磁場牽制著光球層上的氣體，並阻止了下層較熾熱的氣體上升至黑子范圍，結果黑子比太陽表面其他地方溫度較低。
  2. The maximum range is the most important specification for a laser altimeter and 200km is the required level for the spaceborne laser altimeter in the lunar resources survey. in the paper, one kind of method and setting characterizing the laser altimeter ' s performance aiming at the specification of maximum range - noncooperative regulable attenuation was put forward and founded

    中科院知識創新重大方向?月球資源探測衛星激光高度計，要求實現200km的對月測距能力，本文以地面驗證激光高度計最大測程指標為目標，提出並建立一種激光高度計性能驗證方法?非合作目標可調衰減法和裝置。
  3. To the influence of the plateau terrain, the impact of the elevation and the roughness of terrain to every energy component out and incoming are study, and basing the soil spectrum model proposed above, a new radiative transfer model of terrain area was put forwarded in which the soil water content, lai, terrain roughness and elevation were considered synchronously, and incoming scatter light was integral with the solid angle of semi - globe space defined by the slope of the pixel, so scattering lights of terrain and the sky are properly considered, but the operation is still within the acceptable range

    地形與反射率的關系是本文研究的一個重點。本文對崎嶇山地象元的各入射光和反（散）射光分量進行了深入分析，在所提出的濕潤土壤光譜模型和植被冠層模型的基礎之上進一步提出了新的適合青藏高原的山地輻射傳輸模型。該模型同時考慮了土壤含水量、植被覆蓋（ lai ） 、地形起伏和海拔高度的影響，並以象元坡面定義的半球空間立體角對環境入射光進行積分，使周圍地形和天空散射光均得到適當考慮，計算量又在可接受范圍內。
  4. A sil flying head is designed to keep the distance between sil and recording medium in near - field range. a sil optical data storage system is built up when the recording head is combined with sil flying head. meanwhile, using astigmatic focusing error detection technology and twin optical pick - up heads, a novel nontouching nanometer measurement method is developed to measure the flying height of sil, and provides us with a powerful tool to optimize the design of sil fly head

    在sil存儲技術研究方面，首先提出一種光學玻璃熱熔加工製作sil的新方法，該方法克服了小半徑球透鏡加工的難題，成功製作出了半球固體浸沒透鏡；設計了sil飛行頭系統，並利用光學頭像散法聚焦誤差檢測原理，設計出一種雙光學頭sil飛行高度測量方案，實現了sil飛行頭飛行高度的測量。
  5. This paper mainly aims at the strategic demands for large - aperture lightweight mirror proposed by high - tech development. its main research contents are : select material blank for lightweight mirror according to physical and chemical properties of optical glass ; analyze and calculate the deformation quantity of the mirror with finite element method ; design and optimize mirror body structure of 400 lightweight plane mirror and 450 lightweight spherical mirror, analyze glass cutting principle, design specisl - use grinding wheel structure, select reasonable technological parameters to implement the processing of weight reduction holes on 400 plane mirror ; analyze etching mechanism of hydrofluoric acid, look for the technological parameters such as the optimal acid concentration and etching time etc. ; eliminate the stress of weight reduction holes and micro - cracks on 400 lightweight plane mirror ; discuss the processing principle and

    本論文的研究主要是瞄準國家高技術對大口徑輕型鏡的戰略需求而開展的。主要研究內容是：根據光學玻璃的物理與化學性能，選擇輕型鏡坯材料；用有限元法對鏡子的變形進行分析、計算，找出變形規律，優化設計400mm輕型平面鏡、 450mm輕型球面鏡鏡體結構；分析玻璃切削原理，設計專用磨輪結構，選擇合理工藝技術參數，完成400mm平面鏡輕量化減重孔的加工；分析氫氟酸腐蝕光學玻璃機理，尋找最佳酸濃度、腐蝕作用時間等工藝參數，實現400mm平面鏡減重孔應力與微裂紋的消除；討論分離器加工原理和工藝技術特點，完成400mm平面輕型鏡面形加工。
  6. After the comparing the simulation results with the theoretic results under the three followed condition : a point light source on the parabola reflector focus, a point light on the ellipsoid reflector focus and a point light source before the parabola reflector focus, a conclusion is gotten that the two results are generally accordant, the accuracy of the simulation software reach the engineering requirements and the computational simulation software of photometric characteristics of headlamp of motor vehicles can guide the design of the headlamp reflectors

    比較了點光源位於拋物面反射器和橢球面反射器焦點的情況和點光源偏離拋物面焦點的情況下照度的理論計算結果和採用本文的照度模擬計算結果，其模擬計算結果和理論計算結果基本相符，能滿足工程上的要求，說明模擬計算軟體對前照燈的反射鏡的設計具有很好的指導意義。
  7. Abstract : the reflective characteristics of sea and sky background radiation, which have important effect on the infrared signature from flight vehicle above sea, are studied in the paper. the statistical distribution of wave facet directions is discussed, the effects of randomly riging and falling sea wave on the sea surface radiation and on the sun light reflection are also discussed. calculation methods of irradiance from sea surface radiation and reflected sun light on observation point are derived in the paper. finally a computation example is given, which shows the sea and sky background radiation has important effect on infrared characteristic especially in the front area of a flight vehicle

    文摘:研究了對近海飛行體的紅外特性有重要影響的海空背景輻射的反射特性.討論了波浪面起伏隨機規律，隨機起伏對海面自身輻射及對陽光反射的影響，推演了此種隨機起伏波浪面的自身輻射及反射的陽光在觀測點形成的輻照度的計算方法.給出的算例結果表明，海空背景對飛行體的紅外特性尤其對其前半球的紅外特性有重要的意義
  8. By many experiments and analysis, we could prove that our aspheric surface measuring instrument in miniature reaches the request of designment. it could meet the measuring requirement of laboratory and optical shop for grinding surface, its practical testing precision is 1 - 2um. meanwhile it is suitable for final testing of optical element with reasonable accuracy

    通過多次實驗以及數據處理、分析，證明自行設計、裝調的非球面輪廓儀以及測量軟體達到了設計的精度要求，可滿足實驗室，光學加工車間對小型非球面光學元件精磨階段面形的檢測要求，其實用精度為1 - 2um 。
  9. According to the traditional rytov method, the theory model of modified rytov method is given for plane wave and spherical wave propagation in the atmospheric turbulence, and the characters of optical scintillation for waves propagation along horizontal paths is studied, the inner scale effect is considered, especially. then, the results, calculated by the modified rytov method, is compared with the experiment measurement, it shows that the modified method is suitable in moderate atmospheric turbulence

    本文介紹了光波在湍流大氣中傳播的弱起伏和強起伏理論，從經典弱起伏理論出發，給出了光波在水平傳輸時的修正rytov方法理論模型，分析了在考慮湍流內尺度的影響下平面波和球面波入射時的閃爍特性，在中等湍流區計算結果與最近實驗結果符合得較好。
  10. It is shown, through the analysis of their surface power and astigmatism, that the shape of the meridian line has significant influence upon the distributions of surface power and astigmatism. their keystone distortion is small. in this way, pal meeting different circumstances can be designed

    最後，舉例設計了光焦度增量為2 . 50m ~ （ - 1 ）的幾種漸變鏡片，通過對設計結果分析研究，指出可得到梯形畸變較小的pal鏡片，子午線光焦度漸增多項式參數的選取會影響鏡片球面度和柱面度的大小和分佈，由此，可設計滿足不同使用要求的漸變鏡片。
  11. This subject aims to develop a relative self - contained numerical control system of large - scale aspheric optical parts ultra - precision machining device, in order to realize the low cost and high efficiency of aspheric surface machining and content the needs of accuracy and surface roughness

    本課題旨在設計一種比較完善的大型非球面光學零件超精密加工裝置的數控系統，以實現光學非球面加工的低成本、高效率，並能滿足加工精度和表面質量的要求。
  12. For consideration of principle of photometry and experimental research, with 2d gray image of typical surface ( spherical surface ) taken with digital camera, and by use of nonlinear least square optimizing method, the illumination parameters of four local illumination models, that are lambert, phong, torrance - sparrow and cook - torrance model, are determined. and with statistics analytical principle, regression analyses are made to compare the fitting precision of these illumination models under the current experiment condition. comparing torrance - sparrow model with others, an improved illumination model for measurement of surface is developed

    結合光度學原理，從實驗研究入手，通過用數字相機實際拍攝的典型曲面（球面）的二維灰度圖像，應用非線性最小二乘優化方法研究確定了現有的lambert 、 phong 、 torrance - sparrow和cook - torrance四種常用局部光照模型的光照參數，利用統計分析原理分析了這四種光照模型在當前實驗條件下對實際圖像灰度數據的擬合精度，並對擬合精度較高的torrance - sparrow光照模型加以完善和改進，發展出一種適合於曲面測量的改進光照模型。
  13. According to the different require of the phase mask, the holographic recording method for the design of linearly chirped phase mask is studied in this paper. the fringe formed by the interference of two spherical waves, whose density varies linearly with space, is used to record the chirped phase mask. the two design schemes proposed in this paper are analyzed and compared, and the experimental results are given

    根據光纖光柵掩模的不同要求，研究討論了用全息干涉方法製作線性啁啾位相掩模的設計方法，提出用兩球面波干涉產生條紋密度隨空間距離線性變化的干涉條紋記錄啁啾位相光柵，分析比較了文中給出的兩種設計方案，給出了實驗驗證結果，並且製作了線性啁啾光刻膠掩模。
  14. Yet temperatures are rising ( about 0. 7 degrees celsius, or roughly 1 degree fahrenheit, since pre - industrial times, with an estimated further 0. 6 degrees from greenhouse gases that have already built up ), glaciers are retreating, sea levels rising, snow cover in the northern hemisphere declining, and the extent of arctic sea ice diminishing

    但是全球平均溫度的確在升高（從工業革命前至今，已經上升了攝氏大約0 . 7度，或約略華氏1度，光是從現在已經累積起來的溫室氣體來看，估計還要再上升0 . 6度） ，冰河在後退，海平面上升，北半球的積雪減少，北極區的海冰也大幅縮小。
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