環形展開法 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [huánxíngzhǎnkāifǎ]
環形展開法
英文
circular development-
In reference to the practical changes in the deregulated markets of the advanced countries in the area of europe, america and asia and the countermeasures of the countries, combing with the problems encountered in the marketing and sales practice of the panzhihua brach of sinopec, the paper applies the swot analysis method, rationally analyzes the outside environment and inside conditions. according to the characterizes of gasoline resources, and the market situation after it transformed from the monopolistic style of planning economy to the monopolistic competition style, the paper also analyze the strengths and weakness of the industry brought by the forthcoming event of the permission of the wholesales market of gasoline. based on the above analysis, the paper posits the marketing strategic objectives and measures as follows : ensuring the management of suppliers, adding the retail and direct sales network, improving operating qualities, making the customer relationship management and realizing the multi - benefits of company and customers
本文在營銷理論的基礎上，通過親身經歷，調查了解，深入研究了成品油在國際、國內市場中過去、現在的市場狀況和發展歷程，參考國際上歐美及亞洲發達國家先期放開成品油管制後市場的實際變化和應對措施，以及結合中石化攀枝花公司營銷工作中存在的問題，理性分析營銷外部環境和內部條件，運用swot分析法，根據成品油能源特點，就成品油市場從計劃經濟的壟斷形式轉向目前國際國內市場競爭的壟斷性競爭的形式后，對成品油批發市場即將準入后的優劣、利弊進行了分析和研究，提出了「作好供應商管理，增加零售和直銷網路、提高經營質量，充分做好客戶關系管理，實現公司和客戶共同成長」的營銷戰略目標和戰略措施。After entry of wto, there are still many maladjustments in guangxi ' s seed industry, such as the weak foundation of sees industry development ; the unformed market of the seed industry for fair competition ; small - scale seed enterprises ; no systematic connection among the cultivation, breeding and marketing ; lower qualification of staff who work in the seed industry and with weak sense of laws, and lack of the knowledge in operating experiences in the international market and trade etc. yet the un - efficiency system, unclear property right in enterprises, the lack of an effective mechanism to promote the rational use of resources in the seed industry and the lack of such concept as " the government creates environment and enterprises create fortune " are the deep - seated causes of the problems in guangxi ' s seed industry. therefore, the key points for promoting development of guangxi ' s seed industry under the wto framework are to focus on the promotion of the developing capability of seeds " integrated products, constantly deepen reforms, to adjust various relevant factors in the system of the seed industry which is inconsistent with each other, and to establish a new - pattern system with evident characteristics of the time spirit in order to meet the requirements of the market economy. hereinto, the specific strategies and measures for promotion of guangxi ' s seed industry development under the wto framework include kee ping up reform and innovation of the system of the seed industry, executing of non - nationalization reform in state - owned seed enterprises, formulating and executing relevant supporting policies, the improving the legal system in the seed industry, increasing public financial support on the seed industry, promoting the integration of cultivation, breeding and marketing, strengthening human resource development, developing the main body of the seed industry ' s market and making proper conditions for the functions of seed associations in the seed industry development etc
研究結果認為：發展種子產業應該把著眼點放在促進種子整體產品的開發上；種子產業的發展依賴于能充分發揮整體功能的新型種業體系的構建，而目前廣西種業體系中的品種選育、種子生產加工、種子經營以及政府管理、公共支持和社會服務六個主要組成部分都存在明顯的缺陷與不足；廣西種子企業綜合競爭力總體處于較弱水平；面對wto ，廣西種子產業仍有諸多的不適應，突出表現在產業發展基礎薄弱、尚未形成可以公平競爭的種業市場、種子企業規模小、育繁銷脫節、種業人才素質不高、種子企業法律意識淡薄、國際市場運作經驗和國際貿易知識不足等多個方面，而體制不順、企業產權不明晰、缺乏促進種業資源合理流動的有效機制以及「政府創造環境，企業創造財富」的正確理念正是導致目前廣西種子產業不能適應入世需要的深層次原因；因此，以提升種子整體產品開發能力為核心，不斷深化改革，調整種業體系中不相協調的各有關因素，構建起符合市場經濟體制要求的具有鮮明時代特徵的新型種業體系，是wto框架下加快廣西種子產業發展必須堅持的指導思想；其中，加快種業體制改革和創新、實施對國有種子企業的非國有化改造、制訂落實有關扶持政策、完善種子法律法規體系、加大公共財政對種子產業的支持力度、推進育繁銷一體化的形成、加強人才培養與引進、壯大種業市場主體、實行重點突破戰略、發揮種子行業協會作用等等，都是wto框架下加快廣西種子產業發展應該採取的具體對策措施。The main problems are : the party is not separated from the government and the power of the party committee is over - concentrated ; managing is over - staffed and the style of management is out - of - date ; the government organization is carved up and the functions of the government is dismembered ; the functions of the governmeng has not essentiallg transformed and their responsibilities are in confusion ; the financial system is imperfect, so the financial capacity of the township is muck limited ; the function of the people ' s congress is so weak that its initiative has n ' t been brought into full play ; the contra diations between the town ship government and the urllage lommittee are sharpening and the regular work is notin normal progress. the causes for these problems are complex. in my opinion, the causes are closely associated with the effect of traditional system of organization, the restricton of administrative surroumding and the unfithess of personnel qualith. and that ' s because the construction of the leqal system is backward and the administrative area is not rationally divided
這些特點和我國實行市場經濟體制的新形勢，暴露了當前鄉鎮行政管理中存在的突出問題，主要表現在：黨政不分、黨委權利過分集中；人浮於事、管理方式陳舊；機構條塊分割，政府職能被肢解；政府職能尚未根本轉變，責任錯位；財政體制不完善、鄉鎮財政舉步維艱；人民代表大會功能柔弱，作用沒有充分發揮；政府與村委會矛盾加劇，工作難以正常開展等等。這些問題存在的原因比較復雜，主要是傳統體制、行政環境的影響和隊伍素質、法制建設的不適應。I also summarized briefly the qualifications for tender agency, factors which would block the development of tender agents and the countermeasures, a nd anticipated the foreground of its development in water conservancy systems of hebei province, and then, i advanced my suggestion on the standardization of tendering and bidding procedures in the relevant projects ; i also analyzed the insufficiencies of decision - making system, documents study and circumstances research in the tenders. at the same time, i introduced the skills and strategies in the tendering and bidding, and advanced my analysis results and suggestions. through the introduction of the procedure from opening to evaluating and deciding the tenders, and the scores registration method on evaluating tenders, i pointed out the status quo and main problems occurred in the tendering and bidding in the construction of water conservancy projects in hebei province, and put forward my suggestion on the system of opening, evaluating and deciding of tender in the projects
在對招標人、招標代理機構和招標過程的法律規定與分析后，指出河北省水利工程建設招標人和河北省工程建設招標代理機構的現狀及存在問題，提出了市場經濟條件下，最合理的招標組織形式為招標代理，並簡述了招標代理機構的資格要求、河北省水利工程建設管理機制中阻礙招標代理機構順利發展因素及對策，預測了招標代理制度在河北省水利系統的發展前景，對進一步規范河北省水利工程招標活動提出建議；對投標過程中存在的投標決策、招標文件研究、投標環境調查不足之處進行了分析，同時介紹了河北省水利工程建設投標報價技巧及策略，對河北省水利工程投標活動現狀及存在問題提出規范化的分析和建議；通過對水利工程開標、評標、定標運行程序和河北省水利工程評標計分辦法的介紹，指出了河北省水利工程建設招標投標定標運行的現狀和存在的問題，提出了河北省水利工程建設開標、評標、定標運行體系的建議。The fields object of physical education and health curriculum are : the field of physical fitness - to realize the importance and formative factor of physical tness, form correct body gesture, master the method of developing physical fitness, ccognize the influence of nutrition, environment, bad behavior on physical fitness ; the field of the knowledge and recognition of physical education - figuring out the correlation between exercise with physical, psychological and social health, mastering the knowledge and method of how to exercise ; the field of exercise technique - grasping some leisure skills and many kinds of exercise techniques, obtaining the basic technique of outdoor exercise and proceed safely to have physical activity ; the field of participating exercise - to understand the correlation between exercise and modern life style, form the attitude and action of joining actively physical activity, become a capable attendance of exercise and an admirer of sports ; the field of psychological and social health - appreciating the pe ' s function over psychological health, learning to control emotion by the way of exercise, understanding correctly the relation with others, studying the technique of association, harmonizing the relation of association developing good spiri
3 、通過比較研究，結合我國國情，提出了我國基礎教育體育與健康課程目標的初步構想?體育與健康課程目標:認識與理解體能、健康、體育的重要性，獲取有關體育與健康的知識;發展體能、掌握與運用有關體育與休閑技能;形成對體育的興趣，養成運動的習慣，獲得終身參與體育的能力;提高人際交往的技能，發展競爭與合作精神;形成樂觀開朗、充滿活力的生活態度，豐富體育與健康生活。體育與健康課程學習領域目標:體能領域?認識體能的重要性及構成因素;形成正確的身體姿勢;掌握發展體能的方法;認識營養、環境、不良行為對體能的影響。體育運動的認識與知識領域?理解、體驗體育運動與身體、心理和社會健康的關系;掌握科學進行體育活動的知識與方法。The discussion of the label " groupware " has essentially only one aspect ? the denotation of those instrumentalities through which cscw ( the phenomenon ) is realized and toward which cscw ( the field ) addresses itself. this paper concerns in two important issues on groupware system : 1 ) " issue on the openess and integration of legacy system " : with the rapid progress of internet and the continual emergence of commercial software system, how to integrate into the new infrastructure the enterprise ' s mission - critical it assets. 2 ) " issue on tailorablility based on composability and extensibility " : depending on factors such as task, group, duration and context, cooperative work can have many forms
2 ）群件系統支持用戶協同工作，用戶需求因協同目的、形式、環境的不同差異很大，一個成功的群件產品應該具備高度的靈活性以適應這些需求，本文稱之為「基於復合和擴展的可裁剪性問題」這兩個問題的提出源於實驗室課題「建築工程項目和圖檔管理系統」的開發，作者通過實踐和理論的總結，將corba技術與組件模型運用到了這兩個問題的探討中，在前人研究的基礎上，成功的解決了上述問題，並將論文的結論和方法應用到了課題中，作為開發的指導，取得了良好的成效。Having entered wto requires that our national legislative environs of direct international investment be perfected according to the rules of wto. our nation should continually strengthen its economic and comprehensive national power in order to maintain an invincible position
要切實貫徹和落實對外開放政策，吸引和利用好外資，就必須基於我國的基本國情和國際形勢變化和發展的需要，不斷完善我國的國際直接投資法律環境。Through the analysis of inherent characteristics of information technology, the function of it integration with course teaching, as well as the orientation of balanced educative reforms, this research delivered a potential tool to further promote the effective allocation of remote teaching resources. this paper also elaborates how to apply it functions in actual teaching practices, so as to improve students ’ enthusiasm, creativeness, independence thinking, and their general competitiveness. the implementation of information technology and courses integration will undoubtedly induce the evolutions in areas of resources allocation, course implementation, teaching evaluation and learning method transformation, and accelerate the reform and development of the whole education industry
針對這些問題，本文以信息時代特徵為背景環境，以信息技術與課程教學整合現狀為鋪墊，在闡述相關概念和理論依據的基礎上，結合信息技術的教學功能特點及教學案例，研究信息技術與課程教學整合的基本指導思想、方法和途徑，旨在探索、總結信息技術與學科教學有效整合的模式、支撐教學資源及軟體的體系架構及建設方法，形成可借鑒、可操作的有效整合程序體系，為中小學教師開展有效整合提供具有引領性的、容易接受的操作規程，尤其是為農村中小學校有效利用遠程教育資源推進新課改，實現教育均衡發展提供有效的方法。It deals with our country ' s situation, the present of the old aged population, the measure to carry the old aged political socialization. it considers that is the economic base to safeguard the old people ' s lawful interests, to solve their living difficulties, the community is the principal way to advance the old aged political socialization ; relaying the community to arouse the masses to help respect and love the old people is the social base, to strengthen the management to ensure the funds throwing is the key question, to train old aged personnel is the main assortment, to arouse the enthusiasm of the masses and the old people is the good measure, to promote the socialization must be helped by the public opinion, the first to built the community management system to help the old people with their life, the second is to organize the community ' s cultural and physical activities, the third is to help the old people to resist the feudalism
認為：維護老齡人口的合法權益，解決他們生活中的實際問題，是促進老齡人口政治社會化的經濟基礎；社區是促進老齡人口政治社會化的主要通道和平臺；依託社區，發動城市居民參加志願者助老服務隊伍，營造尊老敬老氛圍，是促進老齡人口政治社會化的社會基礎；加大監管力度，確保資金投入的效果，是促進老齡人口政治社會化的關鍵環節；開展系統的專業培訓，提高老齡工作隊伍素質，是促進老齡人口政治社會化的重要保證；調動社會各方力量以及老年人自身的積極性，廣泛參與和支持，是促進城市老齡人口政治社會化的重要措施；促進老齡人口政治社會化，要加大輿論的引導和支持；促進老齡人口政治社會化的切入點一是建立社區老年思想政治工作機制，把思想政治工作滲透到社區管理、社區服務、治安聯防、老年學校、鄰里互助、解決老年人生活困難等多種形式的活動中去。The theory is elaborated in following seven aspects : constructing basic theory and concept in teaching selecting instructional contents selecting instructional methods selecting learning methods selecting organization forms in teaching selecting instructional evaluation in classroom instruction designing instructional environment
從構建課堂教學的基本理論和思想、選擇課堂教學內容、選擇課堂教學方法、選擇課堂學習方法、選擇課堂教學組織形式、選擇課堂教學評價方法、創設課堂教學環境等七個方面展開論述。Evolving around the main topic, this essay integrates theory with reality and makes comparative research and pragmatic analysis. the main contents are as follows : section i, differences between “ nominal shareholder ” in limited company and the related conceptions ; section ii, several situations in which “ nominal shareholders ” exist. section iii, circumstances giving rise to appearance of “ nominal shareholders ” and the impact it plays ; section iv, regulation of “ nominal shareholders ”
圍繞基本命題的論證，本文理論聯系實際，運用比較研究、實證研究等方法展開:第一節，有限責任公司股東掛名及相關概念辨析;第二節，有限責任公司產生掛名股東的幾種情形;第三節，產生有限責任公司股東掛名現象的環境及影響;第四節，有限責任公司股東掛名現象的規制。Based on the review, the fluid flow and heat transfer in the curved circular and rectangular pipes have been researched by employing perturbation method and numerical simulation with a physical model under the rotational orthogonal curvilinear coordinate in a rotating curvilinear pipe with multi - parameters. we firstly analyzed the fully developed fluid flow and heat transfer, mixed convection heat transfer, the development of flow and heat transfer in the inlet in different cross section ( circular, elliptical, annular and rectangular crossection ). the variations of the secondary flow, axial velocity, distribution of temperature, the friction force on the wall, the ratio of friction factor as well as the nusselt number with different dimensionless parameters had been examined in detailed
本文在總結和分析了一個世紀以來有關曲線管道流動和換熱特性的研究成果的基礎上，以旋轉正交曲線坐標系統下的多參數旋轉螺旋管道中的對流傳熱為物理模型，通過攝動方法和有限體積法，首次對各種截面（圓截面、橢圓截面、環形截面、矩形截面）旋轉曲線管道內充分發展流動的流動結構和傳熱特性（包括耦合對流傳熱特性）以及旋轉曲線管道開口段發展流動的流動結構和換熱特性進行了系統的數值模擬和理論分析，詳細討論了各種無量綱參數對管道內軸向速度分佈、二次流結構、溫度分佈、壁面摩擦力、摩擦系數比以及管道nusselt數的影響，獲得了若干創新性成果。Engineering drawing has always been labeled as a practical subject. a combination of geometrical, building. mechanical and electrical drawing, it relates between theory and the picture of reality. engineering drawing will provide an accurate and complete ptcture for every object tn terms of shapes and sizes. usually, it is taught using the face - to - face teaching mode even in an odl environment. due to its nature, some students may find difficulty in imagining and interpreting the drawings. however, the availability of sophisticated technology provides the opportunity for the learning of engineering drawing to be enhanced via online. a web - based system for teaching and learning engineering drawing was developed based on a constructivism model. the web - based system is tailored for several topics of engineering drawing such as orthographic projection, sectional view, isometric and oblique drawing at the secondary level. the learning strategy consists of multiple phases beginning with introduction, concept learning, engineering drawing method, application and exercises. during introduction, students will be exposed to an overview of the topic followed by learning of specific concepts. the system provides a learning environment that allows engineering students to view objects from different angles, such as third angle projection and first angle projection as well as views of plans, side and front elevations. after learning about the concepts, students wilt be guided through the various steps in drawing methods for each topic via animations and simulations. learners are able to view any section repeatedly. examples of real application of engineering drawings were also given using graphic, animations and video. to evaluate students understanding, exercises were given at the end of each session
工程制圖一直被認為是一門實踐性學科，其整合了幾何學、建築、力學、電子制圖等，從而將理論與現實圖像聯系起來，工程制圖能為每個不同形狀、尺寸的物體提供精確的、完整的圖像.通常，即使在開放與遠程教育環境中，工程制圖的教學也是通過面對面的教學模式來進行的.由於其特殊性，一些學習者可能難以想象並解釋這些圖像.然而，尖端的技術使得可以通過在線的方式加強工程制圖的學習.研究者基於建構主義模式開發了一個面向工程制圖教學和學習的網路系統.該系統適用於幾種工程制圖，例如展開圖、刻面圖、等角圖和斜角圖.學習過程包括導論、概念學習、工程制圖方法，以及應用與練習等階段.在導論階段，系統為學習者提供了專題簡介，然後是概念學習階段.系統所提供的學習環境允許工程專業的學生從三維透視、一維透視、平面圖、側立面、正立面等不同角度來觀察物體.經過概念學習階段后，系統將引導學生通過動畫和模擬學習每個專題中制圖方法的不同步驟，學習者也能重復觀察任何剖面.另外，還通過圖像、動畫和視頻等方式展示真實的工程制圖應用案例.最後，為了評價學生的理解能力，在每部分內容後面都附有相關的練習In terms of analysis of collaboration planning process among multi - project, ecnp - based coordination model and coordination process model for collaboration production planning are proposed to combine the controlled coordination with the free coordination for meeting the demand of multi - project production. ecnp based coordination mechanism is developed. through bidding mechanism and coordination between task manager and bidder, an assigning method based multi - agent coordination is proposed for assigning tasks in multi - project environments. task assignment problem model 、 bidding coordination mechanism and coordination algorithm are studied. external collaboration planning model is developed and adopt genetic algorithm to solve optimization of external collaboration planning
分析多型號之間的協作規劃過程，提出多型號協作規劃的協調模型和協調過程模型，將主控協調和自主協調有效地結合起來，滿足了多型號並存生產的要求;建立基於ecnp的協調機制;提出基於多agent協調的多型號任務分配方法，採用招/投標的形式，通過任務的管理者與執行者之間的協調實現多型號任務分配，並對任務分配問題模型、招/投標協調策略及協調演算法等展開探討和研究，給出了在多型號並存環境下，在信息不完全的條件下進行任務分配的有效方法;建立了外部協作計劃模型，並運用遺傳演算法優化外部協作計劃的生成。So not to support to draw instantly for communicating with other is on of balks for developing instant messengers
因此，在開放網際網路環境中無法支持基於圖形的即時會話成了即時通信發展的障礙之一。At present, the study on tax planning in china is much more thorough in transnational corporation than in the domestic. this paper base itself upon the weaker area, which studies on the establish form of enterprise, the way of investment, the area of investment, the trade of investment in domestic investment and the choice of host countries, the choice of branch organization and son corporation in the overseas investment according to the basic theory of tax planning and the chinese tax law
本文選題立足於這一薄弱環節，先明確稅收籌劃的涵義和稅收籌劃空間，然後緊緊圍繞我國企業的投資活動，根據稅收籌劃的一般原理和我國現行稅法的具體規定，對我國企業國內投資中的企業組建形式、投資方式、投資地區、投資行業和國外投資中的東道國選擇、分支機構與子公司的選擇等方面的稅收籌劃展開研究。The paper analyzes favorable factors and factors of suppressing in present international environment, economic environment, policy legal environment and social culture environment. and, combining the new period and the new situation, the impact on investment climate of fdi firms is described in allusion to entering the wto. this part has made relatively overall appraisal to the investment climate of china of the present stage
投資環境具有系統性的特徵，本文辨證地分析了當前國際環境、經濟環境、政策法律環境和社會文化環境的中的有利因素和抑制因素，並且結合新時期新形勢，就入世對中國外商投資企業投資環境的影響展開論述，對現階段中國的投資環境作出了較全面的評價。This subject, which regards innovative experiment as the core, uses experimental activity as the means, takes the theory and modern information technology as the foundation, have probed the innovative method and means in the physics experiment teaching of the middle school and combined the reality of nan yang middle school of shanghai. ( 1 ) we have processed creative development with campus scientific and technological beauty spots and classroom instruction experiment of middle school of nan yang, and has studied the education function of the science and technology environment of campus and classroom instruction mode based on science and technology environment of campus, which will form radiation function on the student " s education of science and technology ; ( 2 ) we have practised the activity and launches relatively deep research to the innovative experiment, and led students to carried on eastern green boat new energy science and technology activities, innovative performance activity and innovative match, etc. we have made the remarkable effect ; ( 3 ) we have carried on some exploration to the innovative experiment course, formed the innovative experiment course based on the single chip micyoco and figure process system tentatively over one year, and have carried on the teaching practice of the innovative experiment course in four experiment classes
本課題以中學物理創新實驗為核心，以實驗實踐活動為途徑，以先進教育理念和現代信息技術為基礎，探索了中學物理實驗教學中的創新方法和手段，並結合上海市南洋中學實際情況（ 1 ）對南洋中學校園科技景點和課堂教學實驗進行了創造性的開發，並研究了校園科技環境的教育功能和基於校園科技環境的課堂教學模式，以及對學生科技教育形成的輻射作用； （ 2 ）對創新實驗實踐活動展開比較深入的研究，先後帶領學生進行了東方綠舟新能源科技考察活動、創新表演和創新大賽等活動，並取得了顯著成效； （ 3 ）對創新實驗課程進行了一些探索，一年來初步形成了單片機和圖形處理系統為基礎的創新實驗課程，並對四個實驗班進行了創新實驗課程的教學實踐。The development of mortar shrinkage and cracking level is attributed to cracking total weigh w. the experiment results showed that above - mentioned test method can evaluate effectively the cracking status of mortar, the cracking resistance of polymer modified mortar is better than traditional mortar
採用環形約束裝置測定砂漿的開裂情況，並應用開裂總權值w表徵砂漿收縮開裂程度發展情況，研究結果表明:該方法可有效評價聚合物改性砂漿與普通砂漿的開裂情況，聚合物改性砂漿的抗裂性要明顯優于普通砂漿。The worsening of credit surroundings has produced much damage to social economic life, such as : market which is short of credit affects the social investment and consume and destroys the normal management of enterprise, enlarges costs of enterprise management, makes the macroscopic control tool useless and enterprise are not willing to invest, banks are n ' t willing to make loans, and it ' s difficult for the government to start investment and enlarge domestic demand, even it directly damages the basic of social legal system, and all types of economic principal parts are difficult to form the legal frame in the basis of construction. many enterprises compete in all kinds of improper ways and ruin the social atmosphere and decline the morals level
信用環境惡化已對社會經濟生活產生諸多危害：市場缺乏信用嚴重影響社會的投資和消費，破壞企業的正常經營，加大企業經營成本；政府的宏觀調控政策和工具難以發揮作用，企業不敢投資，銀行不敢放貸，使政府啟動投資、擴大內需政策的效用大打折扣；信用惡化還直接破壞社會的法制基礎，各類經濟主體在信用關系中難以形成以合同為基礎的法律框架，許多企業以種種不正當的手段展開競爭，是造成社會風氣敗壞，道德水平滑坡。分享友人