瓶頸作用 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [píngjǐngzuòyòng]
瓶頸作用 英文
bottleneck effect
  • 瓶 : 1. （瓶子） bottle; vase; jar; flask 2. （姓氏） a surname
  • 頸 : 頸名詞（頸項, 脖子） neck
  • 用 : Ⅰ動詞1 （使用） use; employ; apply 2 （多用於否定: 需要） need 3 （敬辭: 吃; 喝） eat; drink Ⅱ名...
  • 瓶頸 : bottleneck瓶頸形 bottleneck; bottlenecked
  1. Cbr is used to obtain the domain knowledge and experience embedded in campaign plans by memorizing the existing cases, which is similar with the operating procedure mainly relied on the planning of aoc. moreover, cbr eases the bottleneck of the formalization of domain theory and experience of aoc through memorization. therefore, it is pretty rational and worthwhile for this thesis to introduce cbr and take it as the planning technology of aoc

    基於案例的推理是通過回憶已有案例來獲得蘊涵在作戰計劃中的知識和經驗，但是對空中進攻作戰的知識和經驗進行規范化表示很困難， cbr則通過回憶避開了知識規則表示的瓶頸，因此，本文將cbr技術引入空中進攻作戰計劃生成中，具有相當的可行性和重要的應用價值。
  2. Net education is playing an important role in modern instruction as an new education pattern. but education resource measuring up net education is seriously scarce because there is idea of yearning for quick success and instant benefit and the juvenility development of education function, this is a jar problem of limiting development of net education. net course have many shortcoming and insufficient as important part of net resource

    網路教學作為一種新型教育模式，在現代教學中正發揮著巨大的作用。但由於社會上存在著急功近利的思想，由於網路的教育功能發展還不夠成熟等原因，致使用於網路教學的合格教學資源不足，這幾乎成了制約網路教學發展的瓶頸問題。網路課程作為教學資源的重要組成部分同樣存在著很多的缺點和不足。
  3. Because the air - borne imaging system is required a far acting distance and the focal length of its optical system is long. influenced by the unsteady or moving platform mounted on plane, the change between the frames of image sequence is more. problems of image fuzziness and instability tend to be striking out, which becomes a bottleneck restricting the air - borne reconnaissance, collimation, evaluating beat effect

    機載光電成像系統，由於要求作用距離遠，故其光學系統焦距長，受其載體姿態變化和振動的影響，圖像序列幀間變化過大，造成觀察者覺得模糊、不穩定，己成為制約空中偵察、瞄準、打擊效果評估等功能的瓶頸。
  4. Their production plan levels and the characteristics are described, the improved algorithms for production order and mrp that are suitable for the demands of the production in fuda co. are developed. chapter four is focused on production scheduling. the production period planning and capacity planning in production are discussed respectively, and the method how to apply opt in production scheduling to optimize the control of production process is presented

    第四章是混合型生產作業計劃調度控制，首先討論了生產作業計劃調度在生產管理系統中的作用，進而結合富達公司的實際生產情況對生產周期的調度、設備能力的調度分別進行了討論，最後討論如何在生產過程中運用opt思想對生產過程中的「瓶頸」工序進行控制，從而對整個生產過程的關鍵工序和非關鍵工序生產作業計劃調度進行優化。
  5. This system uses lotus domino / notes r5 as its developing and running platform of oas, takes a associative developing mode of browser / server and client / server, document management is the central function, along with receive transaction dispatch transaction, document hasten and other function, it realize the automation of the office flow0 this paper introduces the national development and overseas of oa along with its correlative technology and the function and characteristic of lotus domino / notes firstly, analyzes the difficulty that oas faced with, brings forward a associative developing mode of browser / server and client / server and shows the design project and instance, the paper introduces the development of domino in web and the realization of workflow, gives the solution of some questions in the development and application of office automation system

    本系統以lotusdomino notesr5作為oas的開發、運行平臺，採用browser server與client server相結合的開發模式，以公文管理為核心，完成了收文辦理、發文辦理、公文催辦等功能，實現了辦公流程的自動化。論文首先介紹了oa在國內外的發展狀況及其相關技術以及lotusdomino notes的功能和特性，分析了目前oas所面臨的困繞，提出了browser server與client server相結合的開發模式並給出設計方案及實例，重點介紹了domino的web開發和工作流的實現，並且針對oas開發和實施中關于notes應用與外部數據庫之間的數據交換問題、工作流的自動化和靈活化問題以及網路瓶頸等問題給出解決方案，最後就安全性策略進行探討。
  6. System conceptual design mainly utilizes automated tools based computer to accomplish the design of weapon system while reducing time and lowing cost, and evaluate the combat effectiveness of weapon system in simulation environment. nevertheless as far as it goes the improvemeni of efficiency of weapon system design is even not poor but limited and far behind the amicipaton considering the cost put into this field with the light of advanced compllter tool. the main reason is the complexity and difficulty of interaction arnong users and models from different discipline

    但就目前的總體概念設計的應用現狀而言，先進的計算機輔助設計或分析工具的引入，對于總體概念設計效率的提高並沒有預期的那麼顯著，其原因在於：武器系統總體概念設計過程是一個復雜的多學科多用戶協作的迭代反復過程，在提高了部門自動化水平后，整個總體概念設計效率提高的瓶頸在於不同學科領域、不同設計人員、不同工具及模型之間交互的困難。
  7. The paper give brief introduction of scientific and technological news present condition in our country ; give macroscopic microscopic analysis toward the favorable background and develop restrain of scientific and technological news. we believe that comparing with economic. sports, and society news. scientific and technological news has subject. customer and society obstacle in the profession work. scientific spirits is its soul. which is our means to achieve edifying effect and make science of social, straightaway is its life. which can help us to achieve the effect of the communicate and make society of science. this paper also analyses and discusses how to achieve scientific. spirit and popular spirit of scientific and technological news on such opposite aspect of theory and practice, macroscopical and microcosmic. content and form

    本文簡述了我國科技新聞的現狀，對科技新聞的受寵的時代背景及發展瓶頸進行宏觀與微觀的分析，認為科技新聞與政治新聞、體育新聞、經濟新聞相比，在采寫編評等各個方面存在著諸多障礙。著重論證了「科學性」是科技新聞的靈魂（或稱第一生命） ，只有實現「科學性」 ，才能更好地實現教化作用，從而實現社會的科學化； 「通俗性」是科技新聞的第二生命，只有實現「通俗性」 ，才能更好地實現傳播效果，從而實現科學的社會化，兩者相互聯系，互為促進。並就如何實現科技新聞的科學性與通俗性，作了虛與實、微觀與宏觀、內容與形式等方面的分析與探討。
  8. Abstract : biological invasions are a continuous feature of a non - equilibrium world, ever more so as a result of accidental and deliberate introductions by mankind. while many of these introductions are apparently harmless, others have significant consequences for organisms native to the invaded range, and entire communities may be affected. here we provide a survey of common models of range expansion, and outline the consequences these models have for patterns in genetic diversity and population structure. we describe how patterns of genetic diversity at a range of markers can be used to infer invasion routes, and to reveal the roles of selection and drift in shaping population genetic patterns that accompany range expansion. we summarise a growing range of population genetic techniques that allow large changes in population size ( bottlenecks and population expansions ) to be inferred over a range of timescales. finally, we illustrate some of the approaches described using data for a suite of invasions by oak gallwasps ( hymenoptera, cynipidae, cynipini ) in europe. we show that over timescales ranging from 500 10000 years, allele frequency data for polymorphic allozymes reveal ( a ) a consistent loss of genetic diversity along invasion routes, confirming the role of glacial refugia as centres of genetic diversity over these timescales, and ( b ) that populations in the invaded range are more subdivided genetically than those in the native range of each species. this spatial variation in population structure may be the result of variation in the patchiness of resources exploited by gallwasps, particularly host oak plants

    文摘:生物入侵是不均衡世界的一個永恆話題，尤其是當人類有意或無意地引入物種后.很多引入顯然是無害的，但另外一些則有著嚴重的後果，會給入侵地的生物以至於整個生物群落造成影響.本文總結了分佈區擴張的常見模式，概述了它們對遺傳多樣性和種群結構式樣所造成的影響.描述了如何根據以一批遺傳標記所得到的遺傳多樣性式樣來推斷入侵途徑，來揭示伴隨擴張選擇和漂變在形成種群遺傳樣式中的作用.本文對日益增多的群體遺傳學方法進行了總結，這些技術可以用來在不同的時間尺度上推斷種群規模所發生的巨大變化（瓶頸效應及種群擴張） .最後，我們以歐洲櫟癭蜂（膜翅目，癭蜂科，癭蜂族）一系列入侵的數據為例對一些方法進行了說明.從500 10000年的時間尺度上，多態的等位酶位點上等位基因頻率的數據表明: 1 ）遺傳多樣性沿入侵路線呈不斷下降的趨勢，支持了冰河期避難所作為遺傳多樣性中心的作用; 2 ）入侵地區的種群與該物種原產地的種群相比，遺傳上的分化更為強烈.這種種群結構在空間上的變異可能是被櫟癭蜂開發的資源尤其是櫟樹寄主在斑塊上出現變異的反映
  9. However, people studied the riverway mainly by field survey and landform map contrast before. because of the limits of man ' s field view and complexity of field survey route, it is a difficult bottle neck for people to make synthetical analysis on geological structure, yangtze river shoal, floodplain, terrace, and microcosmic suspended load on macroscopical scale

    而以往的河道研究大多數是通過地面調查和地形圖室內對比分析來研究的（少數運用航片） ，由於受人的視域范圍及調查工作路線的布置的復雜度影響，對區域宏觀尺度下的地質構造、長江沙洲、漫灘、階地及河流微觀領域的懸浮物等作綜合性的研究便成為了瓶頸。
  10. The developing trend of intrusion detection technique is also summarized in the first part of the thesis. the intrusion detection system supporting ipv4, ipv6 and transition mechanism is designed. by analyzing the capture procedure and bottleneck of linux operating system we point out that using technology of napi 、 memory mapping can increase the capturing efficiency and detection accuracy which result in the low rate of error report, lose report

    論文在綜合使用入侵檢測技術的基礎上，開展了以下幾個方面的研究工作: 1 、簡明扼要地介紹了入侵檢測技術的概念、基本模型、歷史和分類，總結了現有入侵檢測技術的發展趨勢，設計了支持ipv4 、 ipv6以及其過渡機制下的入侵檢測系統，並對linux系統中的捕包過程和瓶頸進行了分析，通過使用napi 、內存映射等技術提高了捕包效率和檢測的準確度，降低了誤報、漏報率。
  11. Program performance measurement - as the first step of program performance optimization, recognizes the bottleneck of the program performance to find out the utilization ratio of software / hardware resources and the machine ' s performance by understanding program behaviors

    它的第一步工作? ?程序性能測試通過理解程序行為，來識別程序性能瓶頸，以了解軟/硬體資源利用情況和程序對機器性能的發揮程度。
  12. In this thesis i mainly applied the new device of digital signal processors on the communication board, which is used as the interface to the realtime simulation systems. this is a new scheme we have contact with

    作為一種新型的設計方案，有著值得借鑒的地方，同時將數字信號處理器應用在實時模擬系統中，將提升整個系統的數據傳輸性能，解決數據傳輸方面的瓶頸制約。
  13. This product adopts the newest equilibrium discharge technology and separate dust electrode design, which break through the two current technical bottlenecks that traditional anion air purifier produces only a few anions and easy to loose efficacy. this product can rapidly produce plentiful anions 3000000 cm3 together with some active oxygen, and the fine effect can be kept for a long time. this product can be used for disinfection, sterilization, mould proof, fresh keeping, deodorization, etc., and thus can improve the quality of room air and improve your living environment

    本空氣清新機採用最新的平衡式放電技術及分離式除塵電極設計，突破了現時傳統的負離子清新機存大的產生負離子量小及容易失效兩大技術瓶頸，快速生成大量負離子高達300萬個cm3和適量活性氧，並保持歷久常新的效果，可以長期高效地起消毒殺菌防霉保鮮除臭等作用，並能大大提高室內空氣質量，改善你的生活環境，是你健康生活的好伴侶。
  14. Since the existed research has n ' t illuminated the failure form of post - embedded reinforcing steel bar bonding anchor and its mechanism, has n ' t systematic research on factors influencing the function of post - embedded reinforcing steel bar bonding anchor, and also failed to test on the long period validity of post - embedded reinforcing steel bar bonding anchor, it is very unfavorable for the spread and application of post - embedding technique. in the meantime, the fact that the present post - embedding anchoring material is of few kinds, high prices and still - to - be - improved performance has become the bottleneck of the post - embedding technique ' s development, which has restricted its further application and development. therefore, it is of great importance to develop a new type high - performance inorganic anchoring material with reasonable price and improved performance

    由於已有研究對后植鋼筋粘結錨固的失效形式、破壞機理未作出明確回答，對后植鋼筋粘結錨固性能的影響因素未進行系統研究，對后植鋼筋粘結錨固的長期有效性未予以試驗證實，不利於植筋技術這種新型結構加固技術的推廣應用，同時現有植筋錨固材料存在品種少、價格高、性能需要進一步改進和提高等局限性，已成為植筋技術發展的瓶頸，制約了植筋技術的進一步應用和發展，因此開發價格合理、性能優良的新型高性能無機質類錨固材料就顯得尤為重要和迫切。
  15. The last section builds a costing management standard, set up the activity appraising system that is based on the balance score form and analyses the application bottleneck and countermeasure on abm

    第四部分為第四章和第五章，構建了車架作業部作業成本控制標準的，建立了以平衡記分表為主要內容的作業基礎業績評價體系，最後對作業成本管理的應用瓶頸與對策進行了分析。
  16. Why do such a new system give much help in poverty reduction in the developing countries ? this paper give us some new advice on micro - credit of our country by discussing the development processes of micro - credit worldwide and the practice of our country : 1 、 our institution of micro - credit should find enough public capital to make it better than the traditional institution that only relying on the state finance or donative capital, in one word, there is about 950 billion $ underground in our country. we should manage to attract so these capital to attend in poverty reduction, in another word, much capital that deposit in the post saving institution and the rural credit institution have outflow away the rural region because of lacking of investing channels

    本文主要在考察世界范圍內小額信貸的產生與發展過程，並從中汲取經驗，結合我國小額信貸的運作實踐，為我國的小額信貸的進一步擴展提出了一些新的看法:我國小額信貸必須突破現有的依靠捐助資金或財政補貼運作的單一資金渠道來源的運作方式，想方設法從民間獲得機構持續發展的必需資金，在我國，一方面存在著大量的地下金融活動，約有大約9500億元的資金，這是我們可以動員的資金，使它們參與到小額信貸中來，而另一方面，在我國由於缺乏正規的投資渠道，才會有如此巨大的資金存在於正規金融體制之外，而且，我國農村正規金融機構農村信用社，從農村吸收的儲蓄存款，由於難以在農村尋找合適的信貸項目，大量資金流出農村，郵政儲蓄機構同樣存在這樣的情況，這些都是農村發展中的資金瓶頸形成的因素。
  17. By using steady state simulation, the bottleneck of increasing the effic - iency of separation is identified to be the middle sieve tray section with smaller diameter and smaller tray spacing, and the two renovation schemes without any additional invest - ment on equipment are proposed. 4

    利用穩態機理模型模擬實際操作過程，找出了限制提高塔的操作負荷以提高操作分離效果的的瓶頸位置，進而提出和比較了在不增加額外設備投資前提下解決這一瓶頸的兩套方案。
  18. Along with the coming of computer age, digitizing, broad banding and intelligentization became the trends of future communication progress. users put more expectations to communication service. access network connecting local exchange with user is an important part of telecom network

    隨著通信與計算機整合時代的到來，數字化、寬帶化和智能化已成為未來通信發展的方向，人類社會對電信業務從質量到業務種類都提出越來越高的要求，而接入網作為電信網的重要組成部分，連接本地交換機與用戶，是整個電信網的毛細血管和瓶頸，實現數字化、寬帶化和業務綜合化的關鍵。
  19. But it is impossible for the traditional electroforming to be widely used due to the long process time, the poor metal distribution which is often seen. nano metal has special performance of mechanics and physics, but the making of nano metal block is difficult, and it ' s making method is not perfect, so the study of nano metal block is very difficult. man pay more attention to rapid prototyping which is a new machining method, but to make metal accessory using rapid prototyping is very difficult, it restricts development of rapid prototyping

    目前電鑄技術存在著加工時間長，鑄層均勻性差等缺點，嚴重製約著電鑄技術的應用與發展；納米金屬具有特殊的力學和物理性能，但是納米金屬塊體的制備有一定的難度，而且制備方法也不成熟，因此對納米金屬塊體性能的研究有一定的難度；快速成型作為一種新型的加工方法，越來越受到重視，但現在的快速成型技術對製造金屬零件有很大的難度，這也是制約快速成型技術快速發展的一個瓶頸。
  20. From the budget of the cost quantity to the real expenses of each order cost, the financial department carried on the thorough to the analysis. the financial department must report the reason of extra budget in which reporting which part is the bottle neck

    從「投入成本數量作預算」到「實際走單后返算」 ，對每個訂單費用發生情況進行透徹分析，超出預算價格，財務部要出具分析報告，究竟是哪個環節出現了瓶頸。
分享友人
分享到 Line

分享到臉書