直線責任 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zhíxiànrèn]
直線責任 英文
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  • : Ⅰ形容詞1 (成直線的; 硬挺的) straight; stiff 2 (跟地面垂直的; 從上到下的; 從前到后的) erect; v...
  • : 名詞1 (用絲、棉、金屬等製成的細長的東西) thread; string; wire 2 [數學] (一個點任意移動所構成的...
  • : Ⅰ名詞(責任) duty; responsibility Ⅱ動詞1 (要求做成某事或行事達到一定標準) demand; ask for; req...
  • : 任名詞(姓氏) a surname
  • 直線 : 1. (不彎曲的線) straight line2. (急劇的) steep; sharp
  • 責任 : 1. (應做的事) duty; responsibility 2. (應承擔的過失) responsibility for a fault or wrong; blame
  1. It is not many scholars to clearly prove the opinion of shifting the burden of proof, on the contrary the contradictory scholars are more prominent, for example the vice professor of southwest politics and law university, chengang, wuyue who translates and introduces the burden of proof of germany, because them there are more and more people support the opposite opinion, while in the draft of " civil evidence code ", the traditional idea win, in this draft the legislator abides by the present justice and our country ' s native circumstance, they made an scientific choice, of course, the burden of proof will directly influence the party " s possibility of losing the lawsuit, while the regulation of shifting the burden of proof increases the plaintiff ' s opportunity to win a lawsuit. to explain what is the shifting of burden of proof, the paper use the civil law as the example to point out the " reverse " is not entirly relieve the plaintiff s obligation of producing evidence, but in certain extent and in certain range make the defendant bear the burden of producing those proofs from the reverse way, which are originally beard by the plaintiff. in the three proceeding law, shifting the burden of proof have some differences, but the interior spirits are coincident - for the values of social justice and the legal reason

    論證舉證倒置的學者觀點明確並且論證十分充分的不多,相反卻是對此著書立說予以反駁的學者較為突出,如西南政法大學的副教授陳則博士,翻譯並介紹德國證明學說的吳越先生均是目前國內對舉證倒置持否定態度的代表人物,由於他們的推動使得國內持此說的人越來越多,但在《民事證據法(草案) 》的擬定過程中,並未采倒置的地位,這樣的立法選擇是建立在對我國法律實現的本土環境客觀認識的基礎上的科學選擇,誠然,舉證的分配接影響到當事人在訴訟中的敗訴風險,而「倒置」規則的設計,則在此問題上增加了原告勝訴的籌碼,在理解何為舉證倒置時,本文著重以民事法為主,指出這種「倒置」並非全部免除原告的證明,而是在一定范圍與一定程度上將通常應由原告負擔的舉證轉由被告從反方面承擔,舉證倒置在三大訴訟法中所體現的具體情形有所差異,但它們的內在精神是一致的?法律的理性與社會公平價值,在民事訴訟中舉證倒置的情形,一般總是將其局限於特殊侵權情形,而忽略了民事合同違約的訴訟中的原告也無須對被告應承擔違約的所有要件,對被告主觀上的過錯實行推定,若被告予以否定則應對其無過錯的證據舉證,在設置舉證倒置的規則時,從各國的立法經驗與法的內在價值要求可以總結出以下幾個原則:程序法與實體法結合原則,公平原則,訴訟經濟原則,保護弱者原則等,基於此完善舉證倒置的規則時首先應肯定舉證倒置的概念,其次立法應避免求大求全,再次要配合實體法的發展,最後還可以在司法領域嘗試判例的指導意義。
  2. For the example of the development course in the tianjin guohua panshan power generation co. ltd, analyses the reform and develop process of the state - owned enterprise from the flux of company ' s institution, the transform of the salary manage system in the enterprise, and the construct course in enterprise ' s civilization, in order to seek after a new manage pattern of the electric power enterprise to suit for the system of market economy in the socialism

    本文以天津國華盤山發電有限公司的發展進程為例,從公司組織機構變遷、企業薪酬管理體制的變革以及企業文化建設的歷程三個方面分析國有企業的改革發展過程,從而探索適應社會主義市場經濟體制下的電力企業管理模式。國華盤電公司企業的組織機構是從以基本建設為主生產準備為輔的籌建期的組織機構形式開始,該階段的組織機構形式屬于制的組織管理模式。
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