相對值近似 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [xiāngduìzhíjìnsì]
相對值近似 英文
relative value approximation
  • 相 : 相Ⅰ名詞1 （相貌; 外貌） looks; appearance 2 （坐、立等的姿態） bearing; posture 3 [物理學] （相位...
  • 對 : Ⅰ動詞1 （回答） answer; reply 2 （對待; 對付） treat; cope with; counter 3 （朝; 向; 面對） be tr...
  • 近 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （空間或時間距離短） near; close 2 （接近） approaching; approximately; close to 3 （親...
  • 相對 : 1. （面對面） opposite; face to face 2. （非絕對的） relative 3. （比較的） relatively; comparatively
  • 近似 : approximate; similar; approach; approximation; roughness; propinquity
  1. ( 4 ) on the efficient method for the dynamical core of the new generation multi - scale forecasting model i ) we present a new multi - level sparse approximate inverse preconditnioner for the complicated 3 - d helmholtz equations in the new generation weather forecasting model. as a result, the new sparse approximate inverse preconditioned gcr and gmres algorithms are given and successfully applied in the dynamical core. numerical tests show that the new algorithms perform very efficiently, and can greatly improve the efficiency of numerical model

    對此，本文提出了一種基於逐層門限技術的近似逆矩陣稀疏模式預選方法，並構造了相應的稀疏近似逆預條件子，結合gcr演算法和g州[ r衛s演算法，首次將逐層門限稀疏近似逆預條件子應用於新一代多尺度預報模式動力內核的實際計算，數值實驗表明這里給出的方法可以大大提高數值模式的計算效率。
  2. Methods to study the photic stabilities of these three types of pigment in an uniform environmental condition, using the same radiation lamp - house with the same illuminance

    方法在統一的環境條件下，使用相同的輻射光源、照度，在近似相同的初始吸光度值下，對這三種色素的光穩定性進行比較研究。
  3. For micro - cavity semiconductor laser, station model is proposed in this paper and its steady - state and instantaneous characteristics when the coupling efficiency of spontaneous emission into a lasing mode is equal to 1 are analysised. for current noise, sp noise, noise, p noise, as well as current modulation, sp modulation, modulation and p modulation, using small - signal approximation, we derive the laser ' s corresponding transfer functions. and we calculate their signal - to - noise ratio ( snr ) gain in various parameters through frequency domain analysis in the premiss of large input snr

    本文對于微腔半導體激光器，提出站模型，能夠較直觀簡潔地分析微腔半導體激光器的穩態和瞬態特性，利用此模型對具有重要實用價值的= 1的微腔半導體激光器進行了討論；對于電流i噪聲、自發發射壽命_ （ sp ）噪聲、自發發射因子噪聲、光子壽命_ p噪聲，以及電流調制、 _ （ sp ）調制、調制、 _ p調制，在小信號近似下，得到了相應的激光器的傳遞函數；在大信噪比的前提下，對激光器進行了頻域分析，分別計算了它們在不同參數下的信噪比增益，分析了其抗噪聲性能。
  4. Nuclear reaction is the important mechanism for causing single event upset as well, especially for high - energy protons. all the formula needed for simulating proton - induced radiation effects are deduced. to bypass the obstacle of lacking nuclear reaction parameters of high - energy protons interacting with silicon, the author successfully obtained the necessary nuclear reaction cross sections by combining an intranuclear cascade nuclear reaction model with monte - carlo simulation, which are applied to the calculation of seu

    整理、推導了數值模擬所需要的計算公式及連續慢化近似下的輸運方程，自行編制了輻射屏蔽計算程序、單粒子效應計算程序、熱?力學效應計算程序，並對所有計算程序進行了對應的驗算，計算結果與公開發表的理論或實驗結果相符合。
  5. With the thorough research on these and computer ability increasing quickly, people are paying more and more attention to relational numerical study. the mostly discussion is how to numerical simulate, concering error estimate in long - time, the existence of approximate attractor, well - posedness of solution and numerical solution and dimension estimate and so on, now there are much study [ 5 ], [ 15 ]. spectral method is important numerical method, but it is very hard so that research is a less

    隨著對它研究的深入和計算機能力的迅速提高，與之相關的數值研究也越來越被人們關注，這方面討論的主要是對原系統如何進行數值模擬的問題，涉及到大時間誤差估計，近似吸引子的存在性，穩定性，收斂性及其維數估計等諸多問題，目前已有很多工作。
  6. A new numerical algorithm integrating a quasi - analytic numerical algorithm with the gear numerical algorithm is used to solve the ordinary differential equations with stiff problem. to accelerate the solving of ode, the optimum step method is introduced into the composite numerical algorithm

    針對重整反應模型方程的特殊結構和剛性問題，提出了一種形式更簡單方便的近似解析數值演算法和吉爾法相結合的混合數值演算法，並引入了最優步長方法。
  7. In the models, the time dependent parabolic equations, deduced from the mild slope equations with currents or not, are used as the governing equations. based on the general conditions for open and fixed natural boundaries with an arbitrary reflection coefficient and phase shift, the boundary conditions for the present models are treated. the alternative direction implicit method is used to solve the governing equations and the numerical schemes are unconditional stable

    在建立模型時，將原始的橢圓型緩坡方程的近似型式? ?依賴時間變化的拋物型方程，作為控制方程；從將開邊界條件、不同反射特性的固壁邊界條件相統一的表達式出發，對邊界條件進行處理；用adi法數值求解控制方程，格式無條件穩定；節省了計算機內存和計算量。
  8. The search space is divided into many small areas, and each area is given a certain pheromone value. according to the state transition rules, the artificial ants move to the next solution which is generated randomly or calculated by particle swarm optimization. local search strategy is also added into psaco so that the search speed and precision is enhanced

    該演算法首先將連續對象定義域平均分成許多邊緣相互重疊的小區域，區域的稠密程度決定了演算法解的精度，每個區域賦予一定的信息素值;螞蟻根據狀態轉移規則在隨機生成的可行解與利用微粒群演算法得出的可行解之間選擇下一步要去的位置;引入局部尋優策略，加強近似最優解鄰域內的局部搜索，提高搜索速度和精度。
  9. Using the theories of probability, algebra and number theory comprehensively, we investigate a class of boolean functions with three - valued walsh spectrum in the first part of this dissertation : the properties of the extended semi - bent functions, which are constructed from any two bent functions, are studied, followed by the structure characteristics of the boolean functions satisfying propagation criterion with respect to all but two vectors ; the definition and cryptographic properties of k - order quasi - bent functions are proposed whose walsh spectrum takes on only three values. some sufficient and necessary conditions are offered to decide whether a boolean function is a k - order quasi - bent function ; a special method is presented to construct the k - order quasi - bent functions, whose cryptographic properties are explored by the matrix method, which is different from the method of walsh spectrum and that of autocorrelation of boolean functions ; the application of this kind of boolean functions in the fields of stream cipher, communications and block ciphers is discussed, which shows the great importance of the fc - order quasi - bent functions ; some methodology are proposed to construct the k - order quasi - bent functions, including the complete construction by using the characteristic matrices of boolean functions, and the recursive method by two known k - order quasi - bent functions we further extend our investigation to the ring zp, where p is a prime, and the similar results are presented as far as the p - valued quasi - generalized - bent functions are considered

    本文首先綜合運用概率論、代數學、數論等基礎學科的理論知識，並以頻譜理論作為主要研究工具，對一類譜值分佈相對均勻的函數? ?廣半bent函數、 k階擬bent函數和p值k階擬廣義bent函數進行了系統、深入的研究，給出了廣半bent函數定義，並探討了廣半bent函數的密碼學性質；給出了k階擬bent函數和p值k階擬廣義bent函數的定義及等價判別條件；討論了k階擬bent函數和p值k階擬廣義bent函數與部分bent函數和p值廣義部分bent函數的關系，探討了它們的密碼學性質；給出了k階擬bent函數和p值k階擬廣義bent函數的典型構造方法，並將對k階擬bent函數的密碼性質的研究轉化到對一類特殊的矩陣的研究上；利用布爾函數的特徵矩陣原則上給出了k階擬bent函數的一種完全構造方法，還給出了從已有的p值k階擬廣義bent函數出發，遞歸構造變元個數更多的p值k階擬廣義bent函數的方法；初步探討了k階擬bent函數在序列密碼、分組密碼以及通信中的應用；給出了一類布爾函數walsh譜的分解式，並利用這類布爾函數的walsh譜分解式給出了一類近似穩定的布爾函數的構造，特殊情形下為k階擬bent函數；利用代數數論的知識考察了p值k階擬廣義bent函數的譜特徵，並給出了k階擬廣義bent函數與所有仿射函數的符合率特徵等等。
  10. The method of multiple scales is used to determine the equations of modulation of amplitude and phase. the steady state response can be obtained by solving a couple of algebraic equations, which have been achieved by careful deduction under some conditions. and because of the complexity of the equations, programs are necessary to solve the equations mentioned above, and certain graphs are presented. based on chapter two, in chapter three, the method of multiple scales is introduced to the study of the multiple - dimensional nonlinear stochastic systems under random external excitation

    在第二章基礎上，第三章將多尺度法引入到相應的隨機系統的研究中；嚴格推導了系統的約簡方程，用矩方法求出穩態解應滿足的方程，獲得一些結果；並且數值模擬結果與理論推導的結果是一致的；並注意到，與其對應的確定性系統相比較，系統響應從周期解變為近似周期解，系統的相軌線從極限環變為擴大的近似極限環；隨著激勵帶寬的增大，此擴大的近似極限環的寬度將增大。
  11. Eno schemes are based on the approximation theory, which achieve high - order spatial accuracy by reconstructing piecewise smooth high - order approximate polynomial from the cell - averaging values. during the reconstruction, adaptive stencil technology, which automatically chooses the relatively smoothest stencil from all possible stencils, is adopted to guarantee essentially non - oscillation near the discontinuity

    Eno格式基於近似理論，採用自適應基架技術（即自動選取所有基架中相對最為光滑的基架） ，對網格平均值構造分段光滑的高階多項式來獲得高階空間精度，同時保證格式在間斷附近具有基本無振蕩性質。
  12. First, we concisely recall the formation and development of bose - einstein condensa - tion ' s theory and it ' s experimentation. secondly, we briefly intro - duce some properties of weakly interactive bose gases, and derive the nonlinear gross - pitaevskii equation that is the condensate macroscopic wave function ' s equation. thirdly, we give a exam - pie, an approximation analytical solution of the gross - pitaevskii equation in a spherical symmetric harmonic trap is derived by a perturbation theory approach, this solution is consistent with that numerically obtained

    全文共分為四章：第一章首先簡要的介紹和回顧了玻色-愛因斯坦凝聚理論的產生和發展，以及其實驗研究的過程，然後著重介紹了弱相互作用的玻色氣體的一些性質，並推導出了凝聚體宏觀波函數滿足非線性的gp方程，還以球對稱的諧振子勢為例，用標準的微擾方法求出了定態的gp方程近似解，發現其與已知的數值結果符合得很好。
  13. ( 2 ) with f varying, there exists a number fr which is about - 1 ( curvature, torsion and dean number have little influence on fr ), when f > fr, the maximum of the axial velocity is near the outside bent and the friction factor ratio increases with f increasing ; when f < fr, the maximum is near the inner side bent and the ratio increases with f decreasing ; when f = fr, the distributions of the axial velocity are similar to those of poiseuille flow and the friction ratio is about 1

    （ 2 ）當f變化時，存在確定的數值fr （ fr在- 1左右。曲率、撓率和dean數對fr的影響很小） ，當f fr時，軸向速度最大值偏向外側，摩擦系數比隨f增大而增大；當f fr時，軸向速度最大值偏向內側，摩擦系數比隨f減小而增大；當f = fr時，軸向速度的分佈和poiseuille流近似相同，摩擦系數比約為1 。
  14. We reconstructed the phase space and calculated the nonlinear parameters such as correlation dimension, the largest lyapunov exponent, approximate entropy, and l - z complexity of the data. it can be conclud from the results that the reconstruction of heart beat rate signal is strange, its correlation dimension is between 5 to 7 and have the character of fractal dimension, its largest lyapunov exponent is larger than zero, its approximate entropy and l - z complexity are obviously differ from noise. we can draw a conclusion from all above : the heart beat rate signal is n ' t simple noise, it is high dimensional chaos obeys certain dynamical law

    我們還對信號進行了相空間重構，計算了信號的關聯維數、最大lyapunov指數、近似熵和復雜度這幾個非線性特徵量，我們發現，心率信號的吸引子是奇怪吸引子，關聯維數介於5到7之間，具有分維的特徵，其最大lyapunov指數大於0 ，其近似熵值和復雜度值明顯區別于噪聲，這說明心率信號不是隨機噪聲，它是服從確定性動力學規律的高維混沌信號。
  15. But using the high - frequency approximate method to deal with the coupling of parts of electrical - large size target is troublesome as well as not accurate. combining the moment method and the high - frequency approximate method is a development trend and study way in the future

    但高頻近似方法對于電尺寸大而形狀很復雜的散射體各部件之間的相對禍合處理起來有些麻煩且不很精確。將高頻近似方法和數值方法（如矩量法）相結合，是以後的發展趨勢和研究方向。
  16. The same conclusion as derived from the original pda under approximate condition is concluded this way without any approximations. the second method is the instant - state performance prediction based on the hyca method. this method not only gives the off - line recursive error variance relation, but also gets a series of performance measurement such as track life

    然後應用兩種方法對其進行性能估計和預測，一是基於riccati方程的穩態性能估計，其結果與pda演算法近似條件下得出的結論相同；二是基於hyca方法的瞬態性能預測，不僅給出了誤差方差的離線遞推關系，而且得到了航跡壽命等一系列性能指標的估計值。
  17. Secondly, the problem of the curve - surface mutual transforming and smooth - finishing have been analyzed farther. for the surface intersecting problem : owing to the introduction of the boundary points, as long as the intersecting points on a certain line, the full intersecting line can be gained. the intersecting line either intersects at the boundary of the triangle surface or forms the loop ; during the course of tracking, the selecting of the pace is restricted by the curvature, the number of the gained intersecting points are not in proportion as the chord - length ; the intersecting points not only record the coordinate and store the parameter

    對兩曲面求交問題，當曲面細化足夠小時，曲面求交可近似看成曲面與平面相交問題，引進了邊界點的概念，因此只要知道交線上的任意點，就可以將跨越許多曲面片的整條交線計算出來，所求出的交線或者跨越曲面的邊界，或者形成交線環；從初始點出發跟蹤求解整條交線的過程中，步長的選擇採用了通過曲面片曲率來約束的方法，用該方法求出的交點在不同曲面片上的分佈數目不與弦長成正比；該求交方法包含了各曲面片的邊界線與交線的交點的求解，可獲得邊界交點的坐標值及其參數值。
  18. Comparing with traditional successive approximation process algorithm, our method can improve quality of reconstruction result while speeding up convergence. further, proper threshold is adopted to enhance the robustness of the histogram constraint.,

    和傳統的連續近似迭代法相比，該方法在加快收斂速度同時能夠有效地改善重建質量，同時我們採用閾值對先驗直方圖的影響進行動態地控制，有效地增強了直方圖約束的抗干擾性。
  19. Two - order enhanced un - split finite volume euler method for multi - fluid flow, which combines the roe approximate riemann solver, is developed to simulate the multi - fluid interactions, such as the fluid described by polynomial eos, stiffen gas eos, jones - wilkins - lee ( jwl ) gaseous explosive eos, cochran - chan ( cc ) solid explosive eos and hom shock wave eos, etc. numerical results of the id, 2d and 3d multi - fluid interaction examples show that the high - resolution method and interface capturing equations can resolve the multi - fluid flow correctly and successfully. a simple fluid - mixture type ppm algorithm for multi - fluid flow, which is based on vof interface capturing method and resolved by langange / remap two steps, is developed to simulate the high density or high pressure ratio flow at both sides of the interface

    本文提出了實用於多介質流體的增強型二階精度有限體積歐拉數值計算方法，採用roe方法近似求解riemann問題，可以適用於多項式狀態方程、 「 stiffengas 」狀態方程、 jones - wilkins - lee爆轟產物狀態方程、 cochran - chan固體炸藥狀態方程以及hom狀態方程等，並對多介質流體相互作用的一維、二維、三維問題進行數值計算，數值驗證了本文給出的高精度差分格式和界面捕捉方法的正確性，兩種方法耦合形成的多介質流體數值計算方法是成功的。
  20. Because the materials of solid have wide applications in actual life and producing, the study of eos on solids is meaningful in many basic sciences such as thermodynamics, statistical physics, physics of condensed matter, atomic and molecular physics, geophysics, planetary science, chemical physics, etc. in this paper, we discuss the fundamental theory of eos, the relationship between the eos of solids and the mutual effect potential, the theoretical models of eos of solids and some applicable semi - empirical, semi - theoretical eos of solids

    固體材料在實際生活、生產中具有廣泛的應用性，所以，固體物態方程的研究對于熱力學、統計物理學、凝聚態物理、原子與分子物理、地球物理、天體物理、化學物理等基礎學科是有重要意義的。本論文論述了物態方程的基本理論，固體物態方程與粒子間相互作用勢的關系，固體物態方程的理論模型、近似關系和具有實用價值的半經驗、半理論的唯象固體態方程。
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