相對梯度 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [xiāngduìtīdù]
相對梯度 英文
relative gradient
  • 相 : 相Ⅰ名詞1 （相貌; 外貌） looks; appearance 2 （坐、立等的姿態） bearing; posture 3 [物理學] （相位...
  • 對 : Ⅰ動詞1 （回答） answer; reply 2 （對待; 對付） treat; cope with; counter 3 （朝; 向; 面對） be tr...
  • 梯 : Ⅰ名詞1 （梯子; 樓梯） ladder; stairs; steps; staircase 2 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ形容詞（形狀像樓梯的...
  • 度 : 度動詞[書面語] （推測; 估計） surmise; estimate
  • 相對 : 1. （面對面） opposite; face to face 2. （非絕對的） relative 3. （比較的） relatively; comparatively
  1. To corner feature, both gradient magnitude change and direction change of gradient vector are discontinuity in a local image neighborhood, hence gradient - direction variation and gradient magnitude are used as another decision rule of the corner detection to improve antinoise

    為了提高抗噪聲，根據角特徵不僅灰度變化是不連續的，且相對周圍其他點的梯度方向也是不連續的，提出利用梯度角變化和梯度幅值作為角特徵檢測的另一個準則。
  2. By two ways, this paper debates the theory of fracture detection : on one hand by the way of edge detection in image processing ; on the other hand by time series analysis. the detection by time series analysis is more antinoise than edge detection in image processing. edge detection theory in image processing mainly includes correlation data, fuzzy edge detection, entropy operator edge detection and gradient edge detection

    圖像處理中的邊緣檢測的方法主要包括相干數據體法、模糊邊緣檢測法、基於熵運算元的邊緣檢測法、梯度邊緣檢測法；其中模糊邊緣檢測法比較依賴于參數的選擇，其渡越點兩邊的像素區別明顯；熵運算元的檢測方法則是檢測的圖像邊緣比較光滑，連通性好；梯度檢測法可以使用不同的運算元核，演算法比較簡單；相干數據體對于總體的大的裂縫的分佈具有比較奸的反應。
  3. The growth dynamics of tree basal area of form. taxus chinensis var. mairei population in different altitude were discussed using the liu - logistic model, and the results showed that the altutide of 790 meters is more suitable to the survive of form. toms chinensis var. mairei population than 990 meters. plot sampling was selected and dynamic analysis was used to study the height structure of taxus chinensis var. mairei population, and the quadrate picture of height structure and the curve of survival rate were drew

    運用改進模型對南方紅豆杉種群在不同海拔梯度的種群優勢度增長進行了探討，表明海拔790m處的南方紅豆杉具有較大的環境容納量，但增長速度不快，海拔990m處的南方紅豆杉種群環境容納量不高，但具有較大的增長速度，這可能與群落的發育階段不同有關，兩地海拔均為南方紅豆杉適宜的生長海拔高度，相比而言，海拔790m的珍稀瀕危植物南方紅豆杉種群數量特徵的研究高度更宜於南方紅豆杉種群的生長。
  4. The obtained polysilane - polyacrylate gradient films showed no macro - interface with the silicone content reducing gradually from the top surface to the bottom one. dma thermograms indicated that polysilane - polyacrylate gradient films contained two glass temperatures with their bands drifting from and their range extending much from each component. the good properties of waterproof, calorifics, and ultraviolet - absorption were also determined by dsc, uv and water contact angle measurements

    結果表明：有機硅聚合物-聚丙烯酸酯梯度膜有一個較寬的玻璃化轉變溫區，玻璃化轉變范圍相對組分材料的玻璃化轉變范圍發生了擴展：有機硅聚合物-聚甲基丙烯酸酯梯度膜具有較好的熱學性能；硅含量的提高有利於改善膜層的憎水性能和紫外吸收性能。
  5. In chapter 2, the meteorological knowledge, data and the methods of the data processing, related to the study on the atmospheric loads, are simply presented. the model for the perfect gas constant, describes by the relative moisture, is developed. the influences of the variation in the vapor component in the atmosphere on the perfect gas constant are evaluated by using the changing characteristics of the temperature on the surface, its spatial gradient and the barometric pressure

    第二章：簡要介紹大氣負荷研究所需的氣象科學知識、資料及其數據處理方法；建立相對濕度表示的大氣比氣體常數模型，利用地面溫度和空間垂直溫度梯度、壓力變化的規律估算大氣水汽組分變化對比氣體常數的影響；對中國及鄰區的地面氣壓記錄進行了預處理和網格化
  6. Among them the gray level co - occurrence matrix ( glcm ) and gray gradient co - occurrence matrix ( ggcm ) methods, which attributed to the statistic textural analysis scheme were then chosen to extract the textural features of five kind areas on satellite images. in the second part the principle of classification and bp neural network were introduced. combined with textural features, the improved bp neural network successfully performed on the classification of the satellite images

    論文的第一部分介紹了進行紋理特徵研究的一些典型的方法，利用其中的基於統計的紋理分析法中的灰度共生矩陣以及灰度一梯度共生矩陣法，分析了衛星雲圖上五類區域的紋理特性；第二部分主要介紹了遙感圖像分類原理以及神經網路中的bp演算法，在對演算法原理進行深入理解的基礎上，把紋理特徵與神經網路進行組合，實現對衛星雲圖進行分類分析；第三部分內容是在前面圖像分類結果的基礎上，對序列圖像用相關匹配法進行運動分析，反演雲跡風風場。
  7. There is a period of soil contents range from ten to twenty five days over the humid discussed area in summer, and the period is not obvious at the discussed zone of close oasis desert area in summer and winter. ( 2 ) soil temperature exits several periodic variations of different depths ranging from six to twenty four days in heihe region, and nine to thirty days in gaize and shiquanhe region. it also shows that gradient of soil temperature affects on the soil content movement more greatly in summer. ( 3 ) the land surface temperature of yangtze river lower region is retrieved from noaa - ahvrr data

    （ 2 ）根據土壤溫濕資料，採用功率譜分析、 pca分析等方法，分析了兩種典型下墊面土壤溫度的時空分佈特徵及其對土壤水分運動的影響，發現研究區土壤溫度除日和年變化周期外還存在6 30天的不同周期；下墊面的非均勻性及其季節變化及溫度梯度變化對土壤水分運動有很大影響，冬季溫度梯度變化對土壤含水量影響大於夏季溫度梯度對上壤含水量變化的影響，且溫度梯度與水分運動方向相反。
  8. Compared with current instruments, the setup can decrease disturbance of disorder radiation by using double layer refractive index sample matching vessel, and it can increase collecting and transmitting efficiency of radiation by adopting single mode fiber with gradient refractive index lens. with a low power laser, the sample has a low scathe, and the laser and the measurement system can be integrated conveniently

    與現有的同類型儀器相比，該儀器採用雙層折射率樣品匹配池減少了雜散光的干擾；採用帶梯度折射率透鏡的單模光纖接收、傳輸散射光信號提高了散射光的收集傳輸效率；用低強度的激光避免了對樣品的輻射損傷，同時可以使激光器和系統集成在一起，整個系統小型實用。
  9. Abstract : the restoration of the riparian vegetation disturbed by human activities is one of the hotspots of watershed ecology. through interpreting the images of remote sensing in 1985 and 1999, the basic information of forest resources of lushuihe forest bureau, which is a typical forest area of changbai mountain, was obtained with support of gis. by dividing land covers of lushuihe area into 10 types ( water body, residential land, stump land, farming land, wetland, mature conifer forest, midlife conifer forest, mature broadleaf forest, midlife broadleaf forest, and man - made young forest ) and dividing the riparian zone into four buffers ( in turn, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 m away from the river ), the changes of riparian forest resources during 1985 - 1999 were analyzed. the results showed that the deforestation intension has obviously decreased and the whole environment has been evidently improved, but the riparian ecosystem was still flimsy. in buffer 1, 2, 3, the area of midlife conifer forest increased largely, but the areas of other types of land covers all decreased. midlife conifer forest had a comparatively good status in the three buffers. in buffer 4, midlife conifer forest, mature conifer forest, and mature broadleaf forest formed a forest - age rank that is helpful to stabilize the forest ecosystem and exert its functions. area percentage of wetland decreased in buffer 1, buffer 2, and buffer 3, even in buffer 4 in which forest ecosystem rehabilitated comparatively well, so protecting and rehabilitating wetland is a very difficult task

    文摘:本文對兩期遙感圖像進行解譯，並在gis支持下提取露水河林業局主要河流兩岸各緩沖區森林資源信息，經分析得到各類地物在1985年及1999年的變化趨勢.結果表明:在河流沿岸對森林的採伐強度1999年較1985年明顯減小，整體生態環境較1985年有所改善.在緩沖區1 ， 2 ， 3除中齡針葉林大幅度增加外，其它地物類型面積均減少，由此可以看出，在這三個緩沖區內針葉林得到了較好的恢復.在緩沖區4內，中齡針葉林、成熟針葉林、成熟闊葉林形成一個林齡梯隊，有利於森林生態系統的穩定與功能的發揮，十五年間緩沖區4受到的干擾相對較小.濕地數量在四個緩沖區內均有所減少，雖然在緩沖區4內森林生態系統恢復的較好，但濕地面積仍有所減少，說明保護及恢復濕地資源是一件非常艱巨的任務，必須引起高度重視.圖5表2參12
  10. The restoration of the riparian vegetation disturbed by human activities is one of the hotspots of watershed ecology. through interpreting the images of remote sensing in 1985 and 1999, the basic information of forest resources of lushuihe forest bureau, which is a typical forest area of changbai mountain, was obtained with support of gis. by dividing land covers of lushuihe area into 10 types ( water body, residential land, stump land, farming land, wetland, mature conifer forest, midlife conifer forest, mature broadleaf forest, midlife broadleaf forest, and man - made young forest ) and dividing the riparian zone into four buffers ( in turn, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 m away from the river ), the changes of riparian forest resources during 1985 - 1999 were analyzed. the results showed that the deforestation intension has obviously decreased and the whole environment has been evidently improved, but the riparian ecosystem was still flimsy. in buffer 1, 2, 3, the area of midlife conifer forest increased largely, but the areas of other types of land covers all decreased. midlife conifer forest had a comparatively good status in the three buffers. in buffer 4, midlife conifer forest, mature conifer forest, and mature broadleaf forest formed a forest - age rank that is helpful to stabilize the forest ecosystem and exert its functions. area percentage of wetland decreased in buffer 1, buffer 2, and buffer 3, even in buffer 4 in which forest ecosystem rehabilitated comparatively well, so protecting and rehabilitating wetland is a very difficult task

    本文對兩期遙感圖像進行解譯，並在gis支持下提取露水河林業局主要河流兩岸各緩沖區森林資源信息，經分析得到各類地物在1985年及1999年的變化趨勢.結果表明:在河流沿岸對森林的採伐強度1999年較1985年明顯減小，整體生態環境較1985年有所改善.在緩沖區1 ， 2 ， 3除中齡針葉林大幅度增加外，其它地物類型面積均減少，由此可以看出，在這三個緩沖區內針葉林得到了較好的恢復.在緩沖區4內，中齡針葉林、成熟針葉林、成熟闊葉林形成一個林齡梯隊，有利於森林生態系統的穩定與功能的發揮，十五年間緩沖區4受到的干擾相對較小.濕地數量在四個緩沖區內均有所減少，雖然在緩沖區4內森林生態系統恢復的較好，但濕地面積仍有所減少，說明保護及恢復濕地資源是一件非常艱巨的任務，必須引起高度重視.圖5表2參12
  11. By performing fourier transformation, the relationship between the turbulent intensity of the particle and that of the carrier fluid was obtained which makes clear that particle size, specific gravity, velocity gradient, and the characteristic frequency of energy - containing eddies are four basic influencing parameters. it is proven theoretically that under certain conditions, the stream - wise and transverse particle turbulent intensities exceed those of the carrier fluid. based on the equations of two - phase flow, the presence of fine sediment suspension is shown to attenuate the turbulent intensity of the water

    通過對細小顆粒在剪切流場中運動方程的fourier分析，得到了顆粒脈動強度和流體脈動強度之間的定量關系，表明顆粒粒徑、顆粒密度、流速梯度以及紊動場含能旋渦的特徵頻率是影響顆粒脈動強度的主要因素，首次從理論上證明了在一定條件下，顆粒在縱、垂向的脈動強度均會超過相應的流體脈動強度，為已有的實測資料提供了合理的解釋。
  12. Isar transmits wide bandwidth signals to obtain high range resolution. the cross - range resolution is obtained by the doppler frequency information of the target ’ s rotation

    逆合成孔徑雷達通過發射大帶寬信號獲得好的距離解析度，利用目標相對于雷達的轉動產生多普勒頻率梯度來獲取好的方位向分辨力。
  13. The numerical algorithm of solving the adjoint equations for different design cases have been developed by using finite volume methodology which is usually used to solve the flow governed equation. it includes the some important aspects, such as flux formulation, wall and far - field boundary treatment methodology, dissipative term formulation, etc. after the solution of the adjoint equations is obtained, the derivatives of the cost function with respect to all the design variables can be evaluated with the same operation. this can yields a significant saving over the other gradient - based techniques when there are many design variables

    （ 3 ）進行了應用控制理論和三維歐拉方程的機翼氣動反設計研究，以及有升力約束情形下機翼跨音速減阻問題研究，分別推導了相應的共軛方程及邊界條件數學表達形式，研究與發展了三維共軛方程的有限體積數值求解方法，及相應梯度公式的數值求解方法，通過對計算網格生成、流場計算、共軛方程數值求解、梯度求解和優化演算法等多方面的有效結合，成功發展了三維機翼的氣動反設計和跨音速減阻優化設計程序，成功地進行了多個設計算例研究。
  14. In the present dissertation, five commercial metallic materials ? tungsten alloy ( 93w ), oxygen free copper ( ofc ), titanium alloy ( tc - t ), pure aluminum ( al ) and magnesium alloy ( mb2 ) were chosen as the composite system of the flier - plate with graded wave impedance, and their acoustic and mechanical parameters were measured. the thickness of each material was controlled so that flier - plates with a parabolic or cubic wave impedance distribution were designed

    依據實現準等熵壓縮和超高速發射對梯度飛片體系的理論要求，論文首先在一個較寬的波阻抗變化范圍內，確定鎢合金（ 93w ） 、無氧銅（ ofc ） 、鈦合金（ tc _ 4 ） 、工業純鋁（ al ）和鎂合金（ mb _ 2 ）五種綜合性能良好的金屬和合金材料作為波阻抗梯度飛片的復合體系，並測量了材料的相關聲學和力學參量。
  15. Without special forming equipment, the gradient distribution of components and the designed properties of the material can be achieved by the component graded change, layering formation and mechanical vibration. and the study shows that more layers of the structure, smoother transition from one layer to another

    在沒有專門的水泥基梯度材料成型設備的情況下，採用組分梯度變化，通過分層布料和機械振動成型的方法，通過合理的控制，基本上保證了組分的相對梯度變化，分層越多，梯度分佈連續性越好。
  16. In this paper, firstly, monolithic materials cosb3 and bi2te3 were prepared by sparkle plasma sintering ( sps ) respectively, and at the same time the microstructure of cosb3 and bi2te3 were studied by sem ; the seebeck coefficients and electrical conductivities of monolithic materials were measured by standard - four - probe method ( ulvac zem - 700 ) in a he atmosphere simultaneously, and their thermal conductivities were investigated by laser flash method ( tc - 7000 ) in vacuum. secondly, the junction temperature of graded bi2te3 / cosb3 thermoelectric materials was optimized based on the thermoelectric transport properties of monolithic materials, also when graded materials were used in the temperature difference ranging from 300k to 800k, the length ratio of monolithic materials cosb3 and bi2te3 were optimized in theory. thirdly, graded bi2te3 / cosb3 thermoelectric materials were prepared by two - step sps sintering, and the relationship between its average seebeck coefficients and temperature were calculated by theory mo del

    均質材料cosb _ 3和bi _ 2te _ 3的電導率和seebeck系數採用標準四端子法于he氣氛下在zem - 1上同時進行測量；熱導率採用激光微擾法（ tc - 7000 ）于真空狀態下進行測量；其次，在對均質材料cosb _ 3和bi _ 2te _ 3熱電傳輸特性研究的基礎上，對結構梯度bi _ 2te _ 3 cosb _ 3熱電材料的界面溫度進行了優化；為了使結構梯度bi _ 2te _ 3 cosb _ 3熱電材料在300k至800k的溫度范圍內具有最佳的熱電性能，本研究同時對梯度結構熱電材料當中均質材料cosb _ 3和bi _ 2te _ 3材料的長度進行了優化設計；第三，通過兩步放電等離子燒結的方法制備出了結構梯度bi _ 2te _ 3 cosb _ 3熱電材料；採用理論計算的方法研究了梯度結構熱電材料平均seebeck系數和溫度的關系；同時為了驗證設計的結果，本論文對結構梯度bi _ 2te _ 3 cosb _ 3熱電材料的開路輸出電壓和熱端溫度之間的關系及梯度材料在300k至800k的溫度范圍內使用時的功率輸出進行了相應的研究。
  17. Firstly, the principle of phase gradient autofocus and rank one phase estimate and its advanced are detailed. secondly, it proposes an algorithm of fast maximum contrast phase compensation after discussing its similar algorithm fast minimum entropy phase compensation

    討論了經典的相位梯度自聚焦演算法、秩一相位誤差演算法及其改進形式;在討論快速最小熵相位補償演算法的基礎上，提出了對比度最優相位調整演算法，實測數據處理表明了該演算法的有效性。
  18. Relative gradient current

    相對梯度流
  19. Since phase gradient autofocusing ( pga ) often produces unsatisfactory results when operating upon scenes that are dominated by distributed targets, a modified weighting average phase errors estimation method is proposed

    針對相鄰強目標導致的相位梯度自聚焦演算法（ pga ）收斂速度下降，提出了一種加權平均相位誤差估計方法。
  20. Phase gradient auto - focus algorithm ( pga ) and rank one phase estimation auto - focus algorithm ( rope ) satisfying high - resolution air - borne sar image formation needs are analyzed. aimed at disadvantages of pga and rope algorithms, improved rank one phase estimation auto - focus algorithm ( irope ) is introduced. at last, combining fsa and irope algorithms, using air - borne sar actual flight data, the algorithms " feasibility and validity are validated

    第三，針對相位誤差對圖像質量的影響進行了定性分析，同時對多普勒參數估計的必要性及其幾種演算法進行了討論；接著系統研究了適合於高解析度機載sar成像要求的相位梯度自聚焦演算法（ pga ）和秩一相位估計自聚焦演算法（ rope ） ，並針對pga和rope演算法的不足之處，介紹了改進的秩一相位估計自聚焦演算法（ irope ） ；最後，結合fsa成像演算法和irope自聚焦演算法，以機載sar實際飛行數據為基礎，對演算法的可行性和有效性進行驗證。
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