程子剛 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [chéngzigāng]
程子剛
英文
ji gong ching-
Establishing an human spine dynamic model is an significan event to study spine injured biomechanics of pilot " s ejective injury, parachute opening, landing and study the endurance to impact loading on human spine. in this paper, the huston " s method of kane " s equations is developed so that it can be applied to the multibodysystem including translation between the bodyies. the dynamic model of human spine is provided basing on these theories, while the big movement of spine is considered. the deformation of vetebra is far smaller comparing with the intervetebra disc, so the spine is considered into multibodysystem including rigid bodies ( vetebra ) and the flexible bodies ( intervetebra disc ). the computer solution correspond with the results of the large scale human impact test. the rigid coefficient factors and the damping factor of intervetebra joints are obtained
人體脊柱動力學模型的建立對研究飛行員彈射救生、傘兵跳傘開傘、著陸等脊柱損傷的生物力學以及研究人體脊柱耐受沖擊載荷的極限問題都具有重要意義.首先發展了凱恩方程的休斯頓方法，使其可應用於變形體連接的多體系統，並以此理論為依據建立人體整椎脊柱沖擊動力學模型，此時考慮脊柱的大位移運動，每個椎骨的變形相對椎間盤的變形小得多，把脊柱看成由剛體（椎骨）和變形體（椎間盤）組成的多體系統.並以大型真人坐姿沖擊實驗結果進行了擬合，最後得到腰椎間關節剛度系數因子和阻尼系數因子With the increase of substrate salinity, the accumulated sodium and chloride increased. as a result, all tissues had considerablly lower osmotic potentials than that of the solution on which they were grown at 60 day after planting. changes in length, dry weight, water content, ion concentrations, osomotic potential, ion content of hypocotyls during culture indicated that viviparous hypocotyls not only afforded nutrition for seedling growth, but also reserved ions, thus charged the balance of ion concentration and osmotic potential of the seedling
鹽脅迫下幼苗單株葉面積下降的程度大於光合速率的降低，葉面積的減小是導致減產的主要原因；木欖幼苗各組分中的離子濃度以及含量隨栽培時間而變化；栽培初期剛萌根時，幼苗原胚軸中的離子滲漏到培養液中；此後隨著根系的發育以及芽的生長，幼苗轉為從培養液中吸收離子，並以吸收na 、 cl離子為主。The crystalline structure changes of pp induced by pan - milling were characterized by x - ray diffraction and raman spectroscopy. xrd analyses show that when pp was co - milled with uhmwpe, crystal transformation of pp occurred, its crystallinity and crystallite size decreased, whereas, only slight reduction of crystallinity and crystallite size were observed and no crystal transformation was found when pp was co - milled with wtr chips, and amorphization of pp was strongly enhanced by co - milling pp with iron
採用x -射線衍射研究了聚丙烯碾磨粉碎過程微觀結構變化， uhmwpe存在下pp發生晶型轉變、結晶度降低和晶粒尺寸減小；彈性材料wtr抑制pp塑性變形，碾磨導致分子堆積有序區域膨脹，晶面間距增大，結晶度下降；剛性材料金屬鐵與pp產生強烈摩擦，加快晶粒細化，晶格破裂導致非晶化。The results show that the process of concrete sawing with diamond tools is that the impact of diamond sawblade induces the rupture and break of concrete surface layer during high speed sawing ; cement and carpolite become micro chips by the cutting of diamond grits ; steel fiber and steel wire are broken by plastic deformation or pulled out by forces
結果表明：金剛石鋸片鋸切混凝土的過程表現為高速據切過程中金剛石據片的沖擊引起混凝土表層斷裂破碎，水泥石子等在切削區內層受到金剛石磨粒的微切削作用形成粉屑，以及鋼纖維和鋼絲發生金屬塑性變形斷裂或被拔拉而斷裂的過程。For the sake of this simple example, let s assume you ve just deployed an enterprisewide web application
為了繼續這個簡單的例子，假設您剛剛部署了一個企業范圍的web應用程序。Fist ly, use mass equivalent method to predigest the original rotor system. secondly, use transfer matrix arithmetic to have finished the relative program to calculate the critical speed of flexible multi - tray rotor bearing system by matlab language. thirdly. finish program the unbalance response using riccati - transfer matrix arithmetic and finity buck arithmetic. fourthly, answer to the high vibration of uncontroled system when cross the critical speed, come out to adopt changing clearance damper bearing to control the viberation
本文對多柔盤轉子-支承系統的振動現象做了以下初步探索：用質量離散化方法把原轉子系統簡化；採用matlab語言編制了對傳遞矩陣法計算多柔盤轉子-支承系統的臨界轉速；用matlab語言對riccati傳遞矩陣法和有限元法編制了程序計算系統的不平衡響應；並針對其過臨界轉速時振動較大的現象，提出採用變間隙控制油膜剛度和阻尼，從而使原系統的在特定轉速（臨界轉速）的一段范圍內不平衡響應減小；並從被動控制與主動控制兩方面進行數值模擬，取的了較好的控制效果。When analyzing skew support continuous curved box girder bridge, curved grid girder analyzing method considering warping effect is applied. matrix displacement method is applied in analyzing skew support continuous curved thin - walled box girder bridge with restrained bearing. in order to convert original rigidity equations to structural rigidi ty equations that can be solved, bearing nodal displacement matrix can be introduced, then unknown quantities at the edge of beams can be consistent with the restrained directions of skew bearings, unit rigidity matrix and unit nodal forces can be gained. structural rigidity matrix can be composed according to matrix displacement method, so nodal displacements and inner forces on the end of the rod that are unknown can be gained calculating equations of inner forces on any cross - section can be solved
分析斜支承連續曲線箱梁橋時，採用考慮翹曲作用的曲線格子梁分析方法，應用矩陣位移法對具有約束支承形式的斜支承連續曲線薄壁箱梁橋進行分析，考慮到支座的約束條件並不與梁端彎曲角位移和扭轉角位移的方向一致，引入支座節點坐標矩陣，使得梁端的位移未知量與斜支座約束方向一致，來計算單元剛度矩陣和單元節點力，然後按照矩陣位移法組集總剛並建立結構剛度方程，根據結構剛度方程即可求解未知的節點位移及桿端力，推導出任意截面處的內力計算公式。The mechanisms of diamond nucleation and growth are discussed, and it is believed that the continued ion bombardment during the deposition process is a key factor for the growth of nanocrystalline diamond film using ch4 and h2
探討了金剛石的核化機制和納米金剛石的形成機制，認為沉積過程中的持續的離子轟擊是ch _ 4和h _ 2體系制備納米金剛石薄膜的關鍵。It is only worn for matriculation, which is the ceremony of admission to the university at the start of your course, and formal exams, where students are required to wear a gown and dark skirt or trousers and blouse ( for women ), or a dark suit ( for men )
這只有在幾種場合上穿戴，一是課程剛開始的入學典禮的時候，二是正式考試時.在這些場合中女學生必須穿上長袍配上深色的裙子或者褲子及襯衫，男學生則是同一料子的短上衣及褲子。Coordinate transformation, matrix, vectors, newton ' s law, conservation theorems, simple harmonic oscillator, non - linear oscillations, gravitation, euler ' s equation when auxiliany condition are imposed, the delta notation, lagrangian and hamilitonian dynamics, central - force motion, dynamics of a system o f particles, motion of noninertial reference frame, dynamics of rigid body, coupled oscillations, orthogonality of the eigenvectors, continuous system
座標變換、矩陣、向量、牛頓定律、守恆定律、簡諧振動、非線性振動、引力、尤拉式方程式及附加條件、符號、拉格蘭及漢米爾頓力學、中心運動、多粒子系統動力學、非慣性參考座標運動、剛體動力學、耦會振動、本微向量正交性、連續系統。On the basic of a great of literature reading and research on safety of side impact of the car, according to requirement of ece r95, applied madymo6. 2. 1 software, established simulation model of side impact of the car, researched the relationship between side rigidity of the car and passenger injury in side impact, which showed that during first impact the bigger side rigidity was, the more advantaged protection for the car and passenger in a definite range, and which drew a conclusion that the most serious part of passenger injury was pelvis during first impact. then detailed the substructure model by defining bodies, joints, contact types and contact characteristic, researched some improvement approach for side safety of the car, and then analyses a particular case, that was to say to fix vehicle door bar fender on between inner and outer plate of the vehicle door, analyzed the influence of passenger injury when the bar fender was fixed on different position, the result showed that the passenger injury was less when the bar fender was fixed on the height of vehicle door decorate bar. finally, a set of tests were performed, contrasting the simulation result with the test, analyzed the influence of the side rigidity of the car to passenger injury, which showed the test
本文在對汽車的側面碰撞安全性進行大量文獻閱讀和研究的基礎上，按照歐洲ecer95側面碰撞乘員保護法規的要求，應用多剛體動力學軟體madymo6 . 2 . 1 ，建立了汽車的側面碰撞模擬模型，研究了汽車的側面剛性對乘員損傷的影響，結果表明在「一次碰撞」中，在一定范圍內汽車側面剛性越大，越有利於汽車和乘員的保護，同時得出結論，即在「一次碰撞」過程中人體損傷最嚴重的部位是骨盆;然後通過定義各剛體、鉸鏈、接觸類型以及接觸特性，對該模型進行子結構細化工作，研究了加強汽車側面安全性的若干改進措施，並進行了一個特例分析，即在此模型的車門內外板之間安裝了車門防撞桿，分析了當車門防撞桿安裝在不同位置時對乘員損傷的影響，結果表明防撞桿位於車門裝飾條的高度時，對乘員的損傷較小;最後進行了一組側面碰撞試驗，通過試驗和模擬結果的對比，分析汽車的側面剛性對乘員損傷的影響，表明試驗和模擬結果是一致的，從而證明了模擬模型的有效性以及模擬結果的正確性。A mathematic model of reactor, steam generator, pressurizer is developed based on characteristic of pwr coolant system. for reactor, the point reactor kinetics equation with six - group delayed neutrons is used and influence of coolant ' s and fuel ' s temperature is considered, conduction model of one dimension and single - channel model is used in thermal and hydraulic calculation, third - order hermite polynomial is used to solve the point reactor kinetics equation
對于反應堆，在物理計算中採用了帶有六組緩發中子的點堆方程，同時考慮了多普勒效應及冷卻劑溫度效應對反應性的影響；在熱工水力計算中採用了一維的熱傳導模型與單通道模型；在求解點堆方程中採用了hermite插值的方法，克服了點堆方程的剛性問題。In this paper, the gas phase dissociation process during the diamond film growth from electron - assisted chemical vapor deposition ( eacvd ) by considering ch4 / h2 mixture gas as source gas had been studied by using monte - carlo computer simulation method. the eacvd gas phase dynamics model was built firstly and the low temperature deposition process was also discussed
本工作採用蒙特卡羅（ monte - carlo ）計算機模擬的方法，對以ch _ 4 h _ 2為源氣體的電子助進化學氣相沉積（ eacvd ）金剛石薄膜中的氣相分解過程進行了研究，初步建立了eacvd氣相動力學模型，並討論了eacvd中的低溫沉積過程。4. because there are sub - elements in a member with the introduction of inner joints, when tile spatial stifmess matrix of main joints of a member is made, there are some cases of solving the double nonlinear equations, negative stifmesses, and singular stiffness matrices in process of iterating
4 、由於引入了內結點，構件存在子單元，在形成主節點的構件空間單元剛度矩陣時，存在雙重非線性方程求解，迭代過程中負剛度和剛度矩陣奇異問題。It shows that the particle number will fluctuate with the recombination coefficient ; 3 ) the dynamic process of the n - type doped diamond film is simulated. the particle distributions of s, s + and ar + are gotten. the result has important reference to the investigation of n - type diamond film doping at low temperature
（ 3 ）對不同氣壓、偏壓和不同的配比情況下n型硫摻雜的金剛石薄膜的動力學過程進行了模擬，得出了摻雜元素s和s ~ +以及惰性氣體ar ~ +的粒子數分佈，計算結果對摻雜過程的研究有重要的參考價值。Based on the theory of glow discharge, the angle distribution of electron and the recombination process are simulated by adopting monte carlo method. the doping process of n - type diamond film is investigated by this method for the first time. the results indicate : 1 ) the scattering angle of electrons near the substrate is mainly lange - angle, which is helpful to grow diamond film over a large area when glow discharge is kept ; 2 ) after considering the recombination process, the number of particles distribution is provided
主要結果如下： （ 1 ）研究了電子在雪崩碰撞和分解電離后的角分佈情況，結果表明基片附近電子的散射以大角散射為主，在維持輝光放電的條件下，較高的偏壓和工作氣壓對金剛石的橫向連續成膜是有益的； （ 2 ）考慮了低溫合成金剛石薄膜過程中電子與各種碎片粒子的復合過程，給出了不同的復合系數情況下的粒子數分佈，結果顯示各種碎片粒子的分佈隨復合系數的變化會出現粒子數分佈的漲落現象。In situ diagnosis of plasma environment for synthesizing diamond film was conducted by langmuir single probe and optical emission spectroscopy. the mechanism of diamond growth was investigated and the n - type diamond was deposited by glow plasma assisted chemical vapor deposition ( cvd )
本文通過langmuir單探針和光發射譜對合成金剛石薄膜的等離子體環境進行了原位診斷；初步探討了金剛石薄膜生長的動力學過程；並採用輝光等離子體輔助化學氣相沉積（ cvd ）技術制備得到了n型金剛石薄膜。One self - anchored suspension bridge is the subject investigated, the finite element program " midas " is adopted to establish the spatial computation model of the suspension bridge, and the subspace iteration method is used to calculate the natural vibration frequencies and modes of the bridge, the bridge ' s dynamic property and rigidity feature are discussed with the computed results
摘要以某自錨式懸索橋主橋為研究對象，採用midas有限元程序，建立了該橋的空間力學計算模型，利用子空間迭代法計算了該橋梁結構的自振頻率和振型，結合計算結果對橋梁的動力特性和剛度特點進行了討論。The properties of cn thin films such as their morphology, component, crystal structure and the bonding structure and the relation between those properties and the gas - phase reaction parameters were discussed, showing that the deposition of p - c3n4 thin film is the compete result of various reaction processes in the dynamics balance conditions ; the process of cn films depo sition is diagnosed in situ through the optical emission spectra technique, the effects of experimental parameters on the concentration of the precursors and the gas - phase reactions in the plasma have been obtained ; the main reaction precursors for film deposition identified ; the relation between the characteristics of cn thin films and the reaction process in the plasma is analyzed. the cn thin films deposition under different substrate temperatures in high pressure pe - pld shows that the si atom of the substrate has participated the cn films growth process, based on this the growth mode of cn thin films on the si substrate is proposed. the further experiment of cn thin films deposition on si substrate scratched by diamond as well as covered with fe catalyzer has been attempted, which indicates that changing the dynamics conditions of the surface reaction can alter the growth characteristic of the cn thin films and can enhance obviously the films growth rate
採用pld技術進行了碳氮化合物薄膜沉積，得到了含氮量為21at的cn薄膜；研究了襯底溫度和反應氣體壓強對薄膜結構特性的影響，給出了cn薄膜中n含量較小、 sp ~ 3鍵合結構成分較少和薄膜中僅含有局域cn晶體的原因；引入脈沖輝光放電等離子體增強pld的氣相反應，給出了提高薄膜晶態sp ~ 3鍵合結構成分和薄膜的含n量可行性途徑；應用pe - cvd技術以ch _ 4 + n _ 2為反應氣體並引入輔助氣體h _ 2 ，得到了含n量為56at的晶態cn薄膜；探討了cn薄膜形貌、成分、晶體結構、價鍵狀態等特性及其與氣體壓強和放電電流的關系，證明了- c _ 3n _ 4薄膜沉積為滿足動力學平衡條件的各種反應過程的競爭結果；採用光學發射譜技術對cn薄膜生長過程進行了實時診斷，得到了實驗參量對等離子體中活性粒子相對濃度和氣相反應過程的影響規律，給出了cn薄膜沉積的主要反應前驅物，揭示了cn薄膜特性和等離子體內反應過程之間的聯系；採用高氣壓pe - pld技術研究了不同襯底溫度條件下cn化合物薄膜的結構特性，揭示了si原子對薄膜生長過程的影響，給出了si基表面碳氮薄膜的生長模式；在金剛石研磨和催化劑fe處理的si襯底上進行cn薄膜沉積，證明了通過控制材料表面動力學條件可以改變碳氮薄膜結構特性，並可顯著提高晶態碳氮材料的生長速率。Having noticed that in some organic solution, the surface of the nanosized diamond particles can get some negative voltage for they can absorb some ions, we can make the nanosized diamond particles calculated on the cathode by the cathodic electrophoretic method, which is important to make the cnt and the nanosized diamond particles composed materials
在合成材料的制備過程中，考慮到金剛石超微粉在一些有機溶液中因為其表面會吸附上一些帶電的離子，所以會帶上微弱的電壓。因此能通過電泳的辦法使得金剛石超微粉在陰極得到沉積，這對碳納米管與金剛石超微粉合成材料的制備有著重要的意義。分享友人