積分轉化率 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [jīfēnzhuǎnhuàlǜ]
積分轉化率 英文
integral conversion
  • 積 : Ⅰ動詞（積累） amass; store up; accumulate Ⅱ形容詞（長時間積累下來的） long standing; long pending...
  • 分 : 分Ⅰ名詞1. （成分） component 2. （職責和權利的限度） what is within one's duty or rights Ⅱ同 「份」Ⅲ動詞[書面語] （料想） judge
  • 轉 : 轉構詞成分。
  • 率 : 率名詞（比值） rate; ratio; proportion
  • 積分 : 1. [數學] integral; integrate; integration 2. [體育] （積累的分數） accumulate points
  • 轉化 : 1. （轉變） change; transform 2. [化學] inversion; conversion
  1. Abstract : this paper analyzes causal factors of flood in the middle reaches of changjiang river. due to neglection of environmental management, soil erosion in the upper and middle reaches of the changjiag river, lake sedimentation, large - scale reclamation of marshes, the flood regulation capacity of the lake was descended, and flood stage was risen and prolonged. consequently more and more river levees and lake dikes were reinforced almost every year to prevent the disasters, which made flood level go up and flood period last for more days. the frequency of flood and waterlogging disasters rose and their damage was enlarged. several proposals for flood prevention including agricultural modernization are put forward

    文摘: 1998年長江大洪水后開始實施的「平垸行洪，退田還湖」的土地利用調整方案，從長遠來說應尋求農業安全且收入逐漸提高條件下的土地利用，長江中游地區應積極推進農業現代化，提高農業勞動生產率，轉移，減少分蓄洪區的人口，移民建鎮，對區內的土地要促進其規模經營，由優秀的有文化的農民經營，平時只有少量的直接從事農業生產的經營管理人員，農忙時則大量地使用季節性合同工或實現機械化，大洪水時退田還湖，減輕長江幹流大洪水的壓力，減少分洪與特大洪災時的損失，這樣還可促進避洪、冬季農業等的發展，也有利於長江中上游地區陡坡耕地的退耕還林，還可在糧食充足時進行休耕，在旱災、糧食緊張時擴大糧食生產?
  2. Collisonal quantum interference ( cqi ) was observed in the intramolecular rotational energy transfer in the experiment of the static cell, and the integral interference angles were measured. to observe more precise information, the experiment in the molecular beam should be taken, from which the differential interference angle can be obtained precisely. in this paper, the theoretical model of cqi is described in an atom - diatom system in the condition of the molecular beam, based on the first - born approximation of time dependent perturbation theory, taking into accounts the anisotropic lennard - jones interaction potentials. the method of observing and measuring correctly the differential interference angle is presented. the changing tendencies of the differential interference angle with the impact parameter, velocity, and et al. are discussed

    分子內部轉動傳能的靜態池實驗觀察到了碰撞量子干涉效應（ cqi ） ，並且測得積分干涉角，為了獲得更加精確的分子內部轉動傳能的碰撞量子干涉效應信息，實驗就必須要採用分子束實驗進行.本文理論上採用各項異性相互作用勢，應用含時微擾理論的一級波恩近似，假想在分子束實驗的條件下，建立在原子-雙原子分子體系中碰撞量子干涉的理論模型.理論上推導出微分干涉角具體表達式，通過計算定性地討論了微分干涉角隨著碰撞參數、速率等的變化趨勢，同時初步探討了實驗的正確觀測途徑，得出了採用分子束進行實驗觀測的實驗方法，為進一步進行分子束實驗提供了理論基礎，對實驗的進行起到了一定的借鑒作用
  3. With the increase of substrate salinity, the accumulated sodium and chloride increased. as a result, all tissues had considerablly lower osmotic potentials than that of the solution on which they were grown at 60 day after planting. changes in length, dry weight, water content, ion concentrations, osomotic potential, ion content of hypocotyls during culture indicated that viviparous hypocotyls not only afforded nutrition for seedling growth, but also reserved ions, thus charged the balance of ion concentration and osmotic potential of the seedling

    鹽脅迫下幼苗單株葉面積下降的程度大於光合速率的降低，葉面積的減小是導致減產的主要原因；木欖幼苗各組分中的離子濃度以及含量隨栽培時間而變化；栽培初期剛萌根時，幼苗原胚軸中的離子滲漏到培養液中；此後隨著根系的發育以及芽的生長，幼苗轉為從培養液中吸收離子，並以吸收na 、 cl離子為主。
  4. The result shows that with the addition of rare earth elements, ultrasonic irradiation and magnetic field, the chemical component, surface configuration, microstructure and properties of electroless co - ni - b and co - fe - b alloy changes remarkably. such kind of change can be described as the followings. firstly the depositing speed of electroless alloy bath is raised while the polarizability and cathodic overpotential are reduced ; secondly the surface quality of the alloy coating and adhesion of the coating and matrix are improved ; thirdly in the coatings the content of the elements in the transient group increases, but the content of cobalt decreased ; fourthly the amorphous structure is transformed to microcrystal structure and polycrystal structure ; fifthly the microhardness and wear resistance of the coating are enhanced ; sixthly coercitive force is reduced, and magnetoconductivity of the coating is increased ; lastly the magnetic intensity of the coating increases with the addition of energy and light rare earth elements such as ce, la and decreases with the addition of heavy rare earth elements such as y. on the other side, when the alloy coatings passes through the heat treatment under the temperature of 250 or 500, their properties will change

    結果顯示化學沉積co - ni - b 、 co - fe - b工藝在稀土元素（ ce 、 la 、 y 、 dy ） 、能量（超聲波、磁場）介入后，沉積過程、合金成分、鍍層形貌結構和性能都有顯著變化，表現在：鍍液的陰極極化過電位和極化度降低，沉積速度提高；鍍層的結合力、表面質量改善；鍍層中過渡族元素的含量增加，輕元素硼的含量降低，同時證實了稀土元素與過渡族元素共沉積的可能性；鍍層的顯微結構由非晶態向微晶和多晶態轉變；鍍層的顯微硬度與耐磨性提高，力學性能優化；鍍層的矯頑力降低；磁導率提高；鍍層的磁化強度在能量（超聲波、磁場）和輕稀土元素ce 、 la介入后提高，重稀土元素y介入后降低。
  5. Compared to the basins in east guangxi, the basin of north guangxi is characterized by lower depositional and tectonic subsidence rate during rifting, longer thermal subsidence, later inflexion point from rifting to foreland buckling, as well as later inflexion point separating stable stage from active stage during foreland - buckling

    但與桂東大瑤山地區相比，桂北興安地區在裂陷階段的沉積速率和構造沉降速率明顯偏低；熱沉降階段的持續時間偏長；裂陷階段與前陸撓曲階段的分界拐點偏晚；前陸撓曲階段，由構造寧靜期的緩慢沉降向構造活動期的快速沉降轉化的分界拐點也偏晚。
  6. Lastly, by philosophical analyzing the article draws conclusion : going on with efficient institutional change asks for dynamical grasping of path characteristic. so at present in order to advance the change the cumulative cost of institutional gradual change must be apportioned reasonably ; adjusting the change strategy wholly makes unitary institutional innovation accompanying configurable innovation ; switching institutional change mode neatly makes sure that the following change is efficient ; government ' s playing the leader role of institutional change makes adverse path dependency be got over and thoroughly resolves the shortage problem of effective institution

    最後，運用通觀全局、抓主要矛盾與矛盾的主要方面的哲學方法進行總結性分析，得出「繼續實現富有成效的制度變遷需動態把握路徑特徵」的結論，那麼，現階段應該對漸進式制度變遷的累積成本進行合理分攤，確保進一步變遷順利推進；從總體上調整制度變遷策略，形成由單項制度創新所引領的制度結構創新安排；針對變遷過程適時靈活轉換變遷方式，使變遷方式交叉復合、優勢互補，確保進一步制度變遷的效率；強化政府的變遷主體地位，以克服不利的路徑依賴，從根本上解決阻礙進一步變遷的有效制度缺失問題。
  7. Although economic and population specialists and scholars both in abroad and at home have made extreme progress on research the question of rural labor since they studied it very long ago, as far as china is concerned, based on the following three aspects, firstly, the national condition of our country determined that the foreign theory such as lewis theory might instruct us but we ca n ' t use these theories without rectification ; secondly, in china, our research about this question prefer the qualitative analysis to the quantitative analysis ; thirdly, the research on the labor utilization and shift in this specific area, that is, in the mountainous rural area which covers 69 % of our mainland and occupies 56 % of population is absolutely scarce in present ? to make up for the three deficiencies, this paper selects the econometrics analysis, uses investigation data and by virtue of tsp software, establishes a model where shift labor is the dependent variable and the citilization ratio, industrial structure, the income gap between city and country, the rural infrastructure construction, the labor ' s aptitude and the population ' s natural growth ratio are the variableso through economic, statistical and econometrical test, the conclusion is attained : the income gap between city and country and the citilization ratio are the two most important fectors which affect the labor ' s utilization and shift in mountainous rural area -, the rural infrastructure construction and the labor ' s aptitude are the two relative important factors which affect the labor ' s utilization and shift in mountainous rural area while the rural industrial structure and the population ' s natural growth ratio are the two least important factors according to this, this paper puts forward several suggestions that the income gap between city and country, citilization ratio, rural education, rural industrial structure and agricultural mechanization should be carefully treated with on studying the question of labor utilization and shift in mountainous rural area. finally, this paper points to several suspending problems about this research in order to get the concern of specialist and scholars

    盡管國內外經濟和人口學方面的專家與學者很早就開始了對農村勞動力問題的研究並取得了極大的進展，但是，我國在研究農村勞動力問題時，基於三點：其一，我國國情決定了國外的理論例如劉易斯理論，雖然對研究我國的農村勞動力問題具有指導意義，但卻不能照搬這些理論；其二，從國內看，我國對該問題的研究重視定性分析而定量分析明顯不足；其三，缺乏對我國占國土面積69 、人口56的山區農村這一特殊區域內的勞動力開發利用及轉移的專門性研究。為了彌補這三個缺憾，論文採用經濟計量學的數量分析方法，利用實際調查資料，藉助tsp軟體，建立了以外出勞動力數量為被解釋變量，城市化率、農村產業結構、城鄉收入差距、農村社會基礎設施建設、農村勞動力素質以及人口自然增長率六個變量為解釋變量的模型，通過對該模型進行經濟學、統計學、經濟計量學三個方面的檢驗，得出如下結果：城鄉收入差距和城市化率是影響山區農村勞動力開發利用及轉移的最重要的兩個因素；農村社會基礎設施建設和農村勞動力素質是較為重要的兩個影響因素；而農村產業結構和人口自然增長率相對來說是較不顯著的影響因素。據此，本文提出了在研究山區農村勞動力開發利用及轉移問題時，應慎重對待城鄉收入差距、城市化水平、農村勞動力素質、農村產業結構、農業機械化五個問題。
  8. The limitation of mini - volume and mini - power application condition is adequately considered, and design of whole refrigeration system is accomplished farther, including choose and structure design of compressor, choose and calculation of heat exchanger, calculation of capillary, etc. structure design of the rotary compressor is the most primary part of the design of whole refrigeration system

    根據計算結果，並充分考慮到小體積、小功率的應用環境限制，進一步完成了整個製冷系統的設計實現，包括壓縮機的選型和設計、換熱器的選擇和計算以及節流管的計算等等。其中，滾動轉子壓縮機的結構微型化設計是整個製冷系統設計的核心部分。
  9. From the second to the fifth chapter such problems concerning state - owned property right are illustrated respectively as its definition, valuation and price fixing and capital sources of undertaking party and the disposal and use of transfer income. problems are raised with regard to the process of current property right system diversity in state - owned enterprises, such as the disagreement to the definition of state - owned property right, no standard of evaluation, imperfection of price fixing system and relative confusion of transfer income disposal and use. what ' s more, new solutions are offered : the probe into state - owned property right definition " changsha model " is confirmed positively ; two specific ways of quantification - - " the method of average growth rate of state - owned property right " and " the method of average cost of labor in market " ; the concept " present value of earnings " is applied to the property evaluation of receivable accounts, finished goods, invisible assets and so on ; the unjust in price fixing of state - owned property right can be avoided by improving property valuation methods, perfecting capital market especially property right trading market and bettering information publishing system ; as to the guarantee problem of human resources financial contribution, an original key is offered

    第一章運用產權理論對國企產權多元化改革進行經濟學分析；第二章至第五章主要圍繞國有產權的界定問題、評估問題、定價問題、承接方的資金來源問題、轉讓收入的處置運用問題分別進行闡述，指出了當前國企產權多元化過程中存在著國有產權界定不統一、評估不規范、定價機制不完善、處置運用相對混亂等諸多問題，並提出新的解決思路：肯定國有產權界定「長沙模式」的積極探索意義，提出量化職工創造剩餘價值的「國有資產平均增長率法」和「平均市場勞動成本法」 ；將「收益現值」概念運用到對應收賬款、產成品、無形資產等資產評估之中；應從完善資產評估方法、完善資本市場特別是產權交易市場和健全信息公開機制三個方面來解決國有產權定價不公問題；就人力資本出資的擔保問題提出實際債務承擔額（比例）應小於名義出資額（比例）的新思路，並認為人力資本市場上的交易價格應包括絕對出資額和相對出資額兩部分。
  10. This simple computer cutting machine is mainly used for block foam abnormity cutting, two or three dimensional polyurethane foam or similar materials, as adopt special frame movement and worktable rotate, has a good advantage of occupying area small ( only half the area of the same style cutting machine ), product efficiency high school workman can operate freely after training ), so product widely used in modern commercial varies field, such as heat preservation materials, furniture, mattress, packing and other industrial usage

    這種機器主要用於發泡后的塊片狀泡綿的異形切割、裁及切片，兩維或三維的各種形狀的聚氨脂軟泡或類似材料，由於採用獨特的機架移動及工作臺旋轉方式，具有佔地面積小（僅占同型號工作臺移動切割機的二分之一） ，生產效率高（是同型號工作臺移動型效率的數倍或十數倍） ，切割精確、操作簡便（具有初中以上文化的工人經培訓就可操作自如）等優點，產品在現代商業許多不同領域中得到廣泛應用（如：保溫材料、傢具和床褥的墊、各種汽車用品、包裝及其它工業用途。
  11. Abstract : concentration polarization and fouling of membrane are the key problen which has effected in widening use of microfiltration. based on understanding on the flux decline and lateral migration deposition of porticles in tubular membrane, some analysis on effect factors of enhancement of microfiltration within tubular membrane with rotation flow is introduced, in this paper

    文摘:濃差極化和膜污染是阻礙微濾廣泛應用的關鍵難題，在認識理解顆粒遷移沉積和過濾速率下降的基礎上，本文對旋轉流管式膜微濾進行了一定的探討分析。
  12. The main work includes : for the torsional vibrations of a rigid disk on saturated media, first, the dynamic governing equations are solved by the use of hankel transform and the general solutions in the hankel transform fields are formulated. then, considering the mixed boundary - value condition, the dual integral equations of the torsional vibrations of a rigid disk on saturated grounds are obtained, which can be reduced to the fredholm integral equations of the second kind and solved by numerical procedures. consequently, the dynamic compliance coefficient curves and the torsional angle amplitude curves versus the dimensionless frequency are presented and contrasted to that of the elastic one

    在前人研究的基礎上，本文基於陳龍珠等曾提出的一組實用飽和土波動方程，用解析或半解析的方法首次較系統而深入地研究了飽和半空間地基與基礎的扭轉振動問題，主要工作有：對于飽和地基上剛性圓板的扭轉振動，作者首先採用hankel變換求解了動力控制方程，得到了該控制方程在hankel變換域內的通解，然後由混合邊值條件建立了飽和地基上剛性基礎扭轉振動時的對偶積分方程，並將其化為易於數值求解的第二類fredholm積分方程，用數值方法計算了基礎的動柔度和扭轉角幅值與振動頻率的關系曲線，並將其與單相彈性介質情況進行了對比分析。
  13. The distribution characteristics of the metals from the intertidal sediments of jiaozhou bay ( 1 ) the results shown that, the available concentraion of zn is ranged 53. 88 - 143. 21 g / g ( dry weight ), cu is ranged 18. 56 - 65. 34 g / g ( dry weight ), cr is ranged 10. 82 - 105. 49 g / g ( dry weight ), pb is ranged 2. 14 - 31. 92 g / g ( dry weight ), cd is ranged 0. 04 - 0. 836 g / g ( dry weight ), hg is ranged 0. 005 - 0. 115 g / g ( dry weight ), eh is ranged - 307. 9 - 84. 4mv, ph is ranged 7. 589 - 8. 019, the sediment in jiaozhou bay is featured by reduction, so the sediment of jiaozhou bay deposied well

    用離子分析儀測得沉積物中重金屬相關參數氧化還原電位eh的范圍為307 . 9 84 . 4mv ， ph的范圍為7 . 589 8 . 019 ，說明膠州灣沉積物有較強的還原性，重金屬沉積較好。為將汞相對于濕樣的含量轉化為相對于干樣，測得沉積物含水率的范圍為23 . 2 34 . 8 。
  14. This paper include the following parts. firstly the sine exciting - voltage is guaranteed by direct digital synthesize technology ; secondly the digital output of cos ( 9 ) and sin ( 9 ) are generated by microcontroller ; thirdly the two voltage signals which are the product of the two former signals gained by the multiplying d / a converter, being filtered and amplified, have constant frequency, and one amplitude has sine function relationship of with the input angle, and the other amplitude has cosine function relationship of with the input angle ; finally the two signals are acquired and analyzed by relative instrument and software

    主要由以下幾部分組成：用數字頻率合成技術（ dds ）產生正弦激勵電壓信號u _ msin （ t ） ；用單片機產生幅度的數字量輸出sin （ ）和cos （ ） ；用乘法型d a轉換器實現激勵電壓和幅度的乘積，並通過濾波器和功放后即得到頻率固定，幅值隨輸入角成正餘弦變化的電壓信號；最後用數據採集卡採集輸出信號，顯示波形並進行頻譜分析。
  15. This text completely and systematically studies the status and the development of the pyrolysis and the fluidization of biomass, which distill the bio - oil in the domestic and international area, as well as the existing problems. this thesis primarily include following aspects : ( l ), by experimenting and measuring the energy ( heat value ) and the content of c, h, n chemical element of right 20 kinds of common biomass, on the base of the experimental result, and respectively established the biomass energy predict experiment formula with the element of h and c is from change, and passed the ro. os examination, which provides the basis and convenience for flash pyrolysis fluidization device energy to convert the rate to compute with biomass energy utilization calculation ; ( 2 ), proceeded the tg and dtg experimentation equal velocity ( 10 ? / min, 20 ? / min, 40 ? / min, 60 ? / min ) heating and constant temperature heating by studying on eight kinds of biomass samples, according to the experimental data and arrhenius formula, we established the dynamics model of pyrolysis of, then, using the goast - redfern and p function, we also solved the dynamics parameters and analyze out every kind of biomass ' s frequency factor and parameters of activation energy, and established the every kind of dynamics model of pyrolysis of biomass, all of these provide the theories and basis to make sure the reactor ' s flash pyrolysis work temperature scope design and the describing of pyrolysis reactor dynamics ; ( 3 ), in order to study and ascertain the process of heat completely getting to pyrolysis time of varied size biomass particles, we observed and measured the ratio of length and diameter ( l / d ) with the varied biomass through electron microscope, we concluded the l / d ratios usually is from 5. 0 to 6. 0, the average is 5. 3 ; ( 4 ), we studied the process of biomass transiting and the theory of complete pyrolysis time with the theory of complicated heat field, we got the time ( t ) of the varied size biomass particles arriving to complete pyrolysis, and we knew that the complete pyrolysis time and the time which get to the biggest production ratio are identical, all of these studies provide the theory base for design and forecasting the flash pyrolysis reactor solid state resort time ; ( 5 ), according to the above experiment result, synthesize to make use of the engineering the mechanics, engineering the material, machine the design to learn the principle, deduce, establish the theory of rotation cone flash pyrolysis reactor material resort time ( t ) and reasonable rotation velocity ( or frequency ) relation theory ; and ( 6 ), we gave the reactor ' s smallest cone angle certain, reactor cone wall strength design theory, the reactor production ability theory, the power design method and the critical rotation velocity theory

    本文較全面、系統地綜述了國內外生物質熱解液化制取生物燃油技術研究發展現狀及存在的問題，主要研究內容有： （ 1 ）實驗、測定了20種常見生物質的能量（發熱量）和c 、 h 、 n元素含量，根據實驗結果分別建立了以h和c為自變量的生物質能量預測經驗公式，並通過r _ （ 0 . 05 ）檢驗；為閃速熱解液化裝置能量轉化率計算和生物質能量利用率計算提供了依據和方便； （ 2 ）選擇了8種生物質試樣作了等加熱速率（ 10 min 、 20 min 、 40 min 、 60 min ）和恆溫加熱的tg和dtg實驗，根據實驗數據和阿倫尼烏斯公式建立了生物質熱解反應動力學微分方程，並採用goast - redfem積分法和p函數對其動力學參數進行了求解，解析出各種生物質的頻率因子和活化能參數，進而建立了各種生物質的熱解動力學模型，為科學確定反應器的閃速熱解工作溫度范圍及熱解反應動力學描述，提供了理論和依據； （ 3 ）為研究和確定不同尺度的生物質顆粒中心達到全熱解的時間，在體視顯微鏡下對不同粒度的生物質顆粒的長徑比進行了實驗觀察和測定，得出生物質的長徑比（ l d ）一般在5 . 0 6 . 0之間，平均為5 . 3的結果； （ 4 ）採用復雜溫度場傳熱學理論對生物質傳熱過程及充分熱解時間理論進行了研究，解析推導出了不同尺寸生物質顆粒中心溫度達到充分熱解溫度的時間（ t ） ，得出了理論推導的充分熱解時間與最大產油率的熱解時間相一致的結果，為閃速熱解反應器固相滯留時間設計和預測提供了理論依據； （ 5 ）根據上述實驗結果，綜合運用工程力學、工程材料、機械設計學原理，推導、建立了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器物料滯留時間（ ）與轉速（或頻率）合理匹配理論； （ 6 ）提出了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器的最小錐角設計、錐壁強度設計、生產能力設計理論和功率計算方法及臨界轉速理論等。
  16. Calculation of transition probability matrix and fixed vector of the well profiles in the area shows, from a quantitative point of view, the vertical evolution law of the sedimentary series and the transversal environmental difference

    通過多步轉移概率矩陣和固定向量計算，從定量的角度說明了研究區內部分鉆井剖面陸表海沉積在垂向上演化的規律性及反映在橫向上的古環境差異性。
  17. O curve of dsdp607 v30 - 97 show that loess began to deposit on the terrace of the yellow river about 1. 20 ma b p, and passed thirteen climatic changes from drier and cooler to warmer and wetter later. the turn of sedimentation from alluvium to loess, an event of transformation from accumulation to down - cut of the yellow river, indicates a sharp tectonic uplift occurred around 1. 2 ma b p. key words : loess - paleosol ; susceptibility ; climatic changes ; tectonic movement ; yellow river ; yangfan section

    通過對楊范剖面黃土地層巖性特徵沉積結構質量磁化率和頻率磁化率的分析及與深海氧同位素曲線的對比，劃分了剖面地層，初步確定了黃土沉積始於1 . 20 ma b p ，黃土沉積以來該區發生了13次大的乾冷暖濕氣候變化沉積轉型指示河流強烈加積轉變為河流侵蝕，代表約在1 . 20 ma b p發生過一次強烈的構造抬升事件。
  18. The intermediate - temperature sofc ( solid oxide fuel cell ) ’ s electrolyte with perovskite - type lsgm ( la _ ( 0. 9 ) sr _ ( 0. 1 ) ga _ ( 0. 8 ) mg _ ( 0. 2 ) o _ ( 3 - ) ) was synthesized using advanced pechini method and solidification method. the thermal and electrical properties of the sintered samples ( synthesized by two different methods ) were measured and compared by thermal expansion and ac impedance spectroscopy ; the phase transformation process and inner structure were measured and compared by xrd, dta - tg and ac impedance spectroscopy. the research results show that the electrolyte synthesized by advanced pechini method has several advantages, such as fine pre - powders, low sintering temperature, reduced or eliminated impurity phases and high conductivity etc. so, the apm is ideal method to synthesize lsgm

    採用改進的檸檬酸法（以檸檬酸和edta乙二氨四乙酸為復合絡和劑，檸檬酸為燃料）和固相法分別制備了具有鈣鈦礦結構的中溫固體氧化物燃料電池的電解質材料lsgm （ la _ （ 0 . 9 ） sr _ （ 0 . 1 ） ga _ （ 0 . 8 ） mg _ （ 0 . 2 ） o _ （ 3 - ） ） ，用差熱?熱重分析（ dta / tg ） 、 x光衍射分析（ xrd ） 、交流阻抗譜技術（ ac - impedancespectra ） 、比表面積分析（ bet ）和燒結收縮率曲線等手段對產物的熱分解過程、物相轉變和內部結構等進行了表徵，並對由這些粉體燒結而成的固體氧化物燃料電池的電解質材料的電導率進行了檢測。
  19. Beginning with stylized facts of economy dynamic development and based on frontier production function, the paper constructs one theoretic frame to analyse leapfrogging - onented economic growth, which comprises three constituents : capital accumulation, efficiency enhancement and technology innovation, and illustrates function principle of each leapfrogging type and its dynamic transition

    本文從世界經濟發展動態畫卷中興衰交替、后來居上的「典型化事實」 （ stylizedfacts ）出發，以前沿生產函數（ frontierproductionfunction ）為切入點，構建了一個包括「資本積累? ?效率增進? ?技術創新」三要素的蛙跳型經濟增長的理論分析框架，並對每一種蛙跳型式的運行機理及其動力轉換進行了闡釋。
  20. The summery and review of exiting exchange rate regime choice theory literature are done in second chapter. among other things, the fixed and floating exchange rate dispute, optimum currency area, open economy macroeconomic model, design of intermediate exchange rate regime, currency crisis model and corner solution, exchange rate regime choice in developing countries and the positive study on exchange rate regime are discussed intensively. one finding is that the mainstream exchange rate regime literatures are always critical to the exiting prevailing exchange rate regime and resort to ever proved unsuccessful regimes to cure the problem in sight

    第三章轉向對中國當前匯率制度的分析，在簡略概述其發展演化過程后，對當前我國匯率制度安排的成敗得失進行了評價，指出其基本適應了中國改革開放的需要，在中國避免東亞金融危機中發揮了重要作用，但現存匯率制度在效率、運行成本、對貨幣政策自主性的影響以及風險累積上仍存在著缺陷，這些缺陷在經濟進一步開放條件下有可能成為新的不穩定性因素。
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