空間增益 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [kōngjiānzēngyì]
空間增益
英文
spatial gain-
The characters of this antenna lie in three points : using yagi - uda antenna to obtain antenna gain through the radial direction ; making full use of the space of the base station along the z - axis direction to get array gain ; arranging the antenna array properly to achieve pattern diversity in azimuth plane
其特點集中體現在三個方面:在天線徑向通過八木天線的形式獲得增益;充分利用基站空間在z向組成陣列獲取陣列增益;利用開關八木天線方向圖可重構的特性，通過合理的布局，在方位面內實現角度分集。This thesis was divided into eight chapters, and the main results and innovations obtained here can be summarized as follows : ( 1 ) the physics model of tsrs in frequency conversion crystals has been built up firstly. based on quantum - mechanical viewpoints and the following physical processes and parameters : the two - photo interaction of light with matter, paraxial diffraction of stokes, langevin noise sources, reflection at the faces and the edges of crystals, gain coefficient, beam aperture, pulse width and fluence of 3, the physics model of tsrs in kdp and kdp crystals acting as high - fluence frequency convector and the paraxial operator maxwell - bloch - langevin equations have been built up
全文共分八章，取得的主要成果及創新點如下： （ 1 ）首次建立了諧波轉換晶體的tsrs物理模型本文根據量子力學原理，在考慮如下物理過程和參量的基礎上：光與物質的雙光子相互作用； stokes光的傍軸衍射； langevin （郎茲萬）噪聲源；晶體表面反射和端面反射；增益系數、光束口徑、脈寬和三倍頻光能量密度，推導出高通量激光在kdp和kd ~ * p諧波轉換晶體中的tsrs物理模型和空間上的近軸算符maxwell - bloch - langevin方程組。As the percentage of flexible space structures and the requirement for control accuracy continuousely increase, the control of flexible space structures is increasingly important. focusing on the problem of vibration control of clamped beam, the thesis studied the application of wave absorbing theory to the vibration control
隨著空間結構中的撓性結構的比重的不斷增加和軌道、姿態控制精度要求的不斷提高，使撓性結構振動控制日益重要，本文針對懸臂梁的彎曲振動控制問題，研究了波吸收器在振動控制中的應用。Modern sonar systems generally use hydrophone arrays and advanced signal processing techniques to improve their detection and localization abilities, whereas beamforming plays an important role. as it is known, the conventional beamforming approach provides limited array gains and low interference suppression abilities, and cannot resolve multi - targets distributed within a small spatial region
但是，傳統的波束形成方式所提供的陣增益有限，對干擾的抑制能力不強，且不能分辨空間小角域內的多個目標，影響了聲吶系統整體性能的發揮。The increasing purchasing power of shanghai people and china s accession of wto are motivating factors to the shanghai real estate market. as shanghai is becoming a financial centre, high - quality property would be in demand in the shanghai real estate market in the near future
近年來，上海人民的生活指數及質素不斷上升，再加上中國入世，上海國際大都會角色日益增強，吸引到中國內外地人仕到上海發展，因而對上海的房地產需求愈來愈大，發展空間及潛力大大提高。Being researched, it is caused by the involvement of social supply when the logistics of the university can ’ t meet the students ’ increasing consumption demand day by day
究其根源，這種高等學校周邊商業空間的產生是學校後勤供給不能滿足學生日益增大的消費需求所導致的社會供給方的介入。Comparing with the system which does not space - time code, space - time coding can obtain transmit diversity and increase channel capacity without frequency bandwidth loss
與空間未編碼系統相比，空時編碼可以在不犧牲帶寬的情況下起到發射分集和提高功率增益的作用。Abstract : biological invasions are a continuous feature of a non - equilibrium world, ever more so as a result of accidental and deliberate introductions by mankind. while many of these introductions are apparently harmless, others have significant consequences for organisms native to the invaded range, and entire communities may be affected. here we provide a survey of common models of range expansion, and outline the consequences these models have for patterns in genetic diversity and population structure. we describe how patterns of genetic diversity at a range of markers can be used to infer invasion routes, and to reveal the roles of selection and drift in shaping population genetic patterns that accompany range expansion. we summarise a growing range of population genetic techniques that allow large changes in population size ( bottlenecks and population expansions ) to be inferred over a range of timescales. finally, we illustrate some of the approaches described using data for a suite of invasions by oak gallwasps ( hymenoptera, cynipidae, cynipini ) in europe. we show that over timescales ranging from 500 10000 years, allele frequency data for polymorphic allozymes reveal ( a ) a consistent loss of genetic diversity along invasion routes, confirming the role of glacial refugia as centres of genetic diversity over these timescales, and ( b ) that populations in the invaded range are more subdivided genetically than those in the native range of each species. this spatial variation in population structure may be the result of variation in the patchiness of resources exploited by gallwasps, particularly host oak plants
文摘:生物入侵是不均衡世界的一個永恆話題，尤其是當人類有意或無意地引入物種后.很多引入顯然是無害的，但另外一些則有著嚴重的後果，會給入侵地的生物以至於整個生物群落造成影響.本文總結了分佈區擴張的常見模式，概述了它們對遺傳多樣性和種群結構式樣所造成的影響.描述了如何根據以一批遺傳標記所得到的遺傳多樣性式樣來推斷入侵途徑，來揭示伴隨擴張選擇和漂變在形成種群遺傳樣式中的作用.本文對日益增多的群體遺傳學方法進行了總結，這些技術可以用來在不同的時間尺度上推斷種群規模所發生的巨大變化（瓶頸效應及種群擴張） .最後，我們以歐洲櫟癭蜂（膜翅目，癭蜂科，癭蜂族）一系列入侵的數據為例對一些方法進行了說明.從500 10000年的時間尺度上，多態的等位酶位點上等位基因頻率的數據表明: 1 ）遺傳多樣性沿入侵路線呈不斷下降的趨勢，支持了冰河期避難所作為遺傳多樣性中心的作用; 2 ）入侵地區的種群與該物種原產地的種群相比，遺傳上的分化更為強烈.這種種群結構在空間上的變異可能是被櫟癭蜂開發的資源尤其是櫟樹寄主在斑塊上出現變異的反映Under rayleigh fading channel, we also simulated and compared ber in siso 、 simo and mimo systems. secondly, based on careful study the ber and the channel capacity under white noise channel under mpsk modulation when the channel is rayleigh fading, we duduced the expressions of stbc ’ s ber and channel capacity under rice and nakagami fading. and also analysed the performances through numerical simulation using matlab to testify the exactitude of the dudeced expressions. finally, there exists an error floor of stbc through studying on its performance on time - selectiv fading channel. we analysed the reason and proposed two new decode combination scheme to eliminated the error floor and the performance of stbc on time - selective fading channel is improved. and also compared the two scheme ’ s complication and snr gain
這些結果大部分是閉式結果，能比較準確地衡量空時塊碼的性能，並對不同衰落的性能做了相互比較，其結果對空時塊碼的實際應用具有一定的指導意義。實際的通道是時變的，分析了空時塊碼在時間選擇性衰落通道中產生誤差地板效應的主要原因是存在碼間干擾（ isi ） ，在此基礎上提出了兩種能消除誤差地板效應的譯碼合併方案，並對這兩種方案的復雜度和信噪比增益進行了比較。The analysis illustrates that : the total return of water resources for zhangye oasis agriculture is increasing by degrees as times goes by, and it would be fluctuated accordingly by the natural disaster ; the average returns are comparetively high at the period of late 1990s and early 1980s ; the marginal returns are decreasing by degrees as the water consumption increase ; and the water resources marginal returns in linze and zhangye are nearly of zero. as for the space distribution, the average returns and marginal returns of agriculture consumption in the mountain spring area are higher than those in the well area, which shows that the mountain area has bigger production potential
就空間分佈而言，對張掖地區各子綠洲和甘州區內不同灌區的代表鄉鎮的分析具有相同的結論:山水灌區農業用水的邊際效益高於盆地中心的井水、泉水灌區;山區農業生產受水資源的制約更加明顯，同時也具有比平川綠洲更大的生產潛力;山丹、民樂等山水灌區的綠洲需要增加灌溉水量以促進農業生產的發展，而綠洲核心的井泉灌區在現有技術條件下，不需要再擴大用水規模。In terms of less population and properties affected, the frontier closed area may represent a potential area to fulfill the needs for housing and economic development in the longer term and could be development opportunities in scenario testing to meet a very high growth of populating job opportunities in the study timeframe. moreover, with the stronger economic relationship between shenzhen and hong kong than before in view of the growing cross - boundary activities, the frontier closed area may be potential location to promote spatial and economic linkage between the two places
邊界禁區影響較少的人口及物業，該處或可滿足長遠的房屋及經濟發展需要。再者，該地區亦為不同方案中的發展機會，以應付高增長的人口，綜觀深港的跨界活動日趨頻繁，兩地的經濟關系益見密切，邊界禁區或會是一個理想地點，促進兩地在空間及經濟上的聯系。The main achievements are as follows : the theory models of defect mfl field are set up ; based on the magnetic dipole model and finite element model, the distribution of defect mfl field is simulated in the dissertation ; the component of flux density ( magnetic filed ) parallel to the surface of pipe is detected by a circumferential array of hall probes ; the factors including defect geometry parameters, defect surface angle and shape, pipe material, field intensity, vehicle velocity, background magnetization, operating pressure and remanent magnetization and so on influence the mfl signal characteristics
採用霍爾元件作為缺陷漏磁檢測傳感器，獲得管道軸截面漏磁場切向分量的漏磁信號；研究了缺陷外形尺寸、缺陷傾角和形狀、管道材質和磁化強度、檢測儀移動速度、管道背底磁場、管內壓力和剩磁對漏磁信號的影響。提出了各通道增益放大、各路漏磁信號偏離調整、波形微分、數字濾波和平滑等漏磁信號預處理方法；分析了等空間采樣的漏磁信號轉換為等時間采樣信號的必要性，研究了漏磁信號的小波去噪方法。Firstly, based on the analysis of the land use change and the rural settlement land change in haidian district, especially on two selected villages, it summarized the basic change trends in quantity and space in the different location, then predicted the development of residential land ( including city residential and rural settlement ) and greenbelt land of the urban fringe area in haidian in 2010 after the discussion on the relationship between the land use change and the socio - economic factors. in our opinions, in the future, in the urban fringe area of haidian will more and more lands be needed, and the function of residential land and greenbelt land will appear gradually
本文首先分析了海淀區及兩個具有代表性的村莊的土地利用變化和農村居民點用地變化，總結了農村居民點用地在數量、空間上呈現的基本演變趨勢，探討了社會經濟因素與調查點的農村居民點用地變化的關系，並對海淀區在2010年的住宅用地（包括城鎮住宅和農村居民點）和綠化用地發展進行了相關的預測，認為在未來的發展中，海淀區城鄉結合部的住宅、綠化功能將不斷顯現，對土地的需求將會日益增加。First of all, this chapter states the significance to china ' s financial industry of progressing into universal banking through analysis on the various requirements by the development of china ' s financial industry. furthermore, it analyzes the advantageous environments and conditions developing universal banking. given the statement above, this chapter begins to discuss the development of universal banking in china and its system arrangement
首先，通過對我國金融業發展內在要求、經濟發展對金融市場的功能要求以及我國金融業迎接國際化發展和競爭需要三個方面的分析，論述了我國金融業逐步向混業經營體制發展的意義和客觀要求，進而分析了實施混業改革的有利環境和條件，包括宏觀經濟和市場環境的改善、金融市場結構的良性變化、市場經營主體實力和自律性的提高、金融法制和監管條件的改善、政策空間的逐步放鬆以及金融業務合作和創新日益增強六個方面。For large errors introduced by nonlinear state - space model in passive locating and tracking problems, various suboptimal recursive filtering algorithms are aralyzed and summarized, such as the extended kalman filtering ( ekf ), the modified gain extended kalman filtering ( mgekf ), the second order filtering and the adaptive extended kalman filtering ( aekf )
摘要針對被動定位跟蹤中狀態空間模型非線性程度較高所引發的濾波精度偏低的問題，分析和總結了已有的包括推廣卡爾曼濾波（ ekf ） 、修正增益的推廣卡曼濾波（ mgekf ） 、二階濾波、自適應推廣卡爾受濾波（ aekf ）等各種次優遞推濾波演算法的特點。Based on the acoustic energy flow detection, the spatial energy flow suppression can obtain time - space gain in direct proportion to time - bandwidth product, which is just the main advantage of the vector transducer
基於矢量水聽器的聲能流檢測器利用空間聲能流抵消技術相對于聲壓檢測器可獲得與時間帶寬積成正比的時空增益。In order to set up the compensation standard of land value which is the key problem in the reform of land expropriation system at present, the paper aims at probing the rational, valid and operational method of calculating the compensation of land expropriation, finding the rational way to compensate the land value and reestablishing the land expropriation system of china. after comparing the domestic and international land expropriation system and the way of establish the compensation standard, the paper confirms that the land expropriation system and the compensation standard of china should be reformed at three aspects : confirming farmland ' s property rights, defining of the range of land expropriation and making a price market - based. based on even chance of property right, introducing the market mechanism and ownership market into land expropriation system, the paper raises the viewpoint of setting up the farmland ' s development right
通過國內外土地徵用制度及補償標準確定方式的對比，明確了我國土地徵用制度及補償標準改革要從農地產權、征地范圍界定、市場化定價三個方面著手；從產權平等的角度分析了征地制度中引入市場機制的重要性以及建立所有權市場的可能性，提出了增設農地發展權的觀點；通過界定發展權的歸屬，指明補償標準確定的價值取向，重建我國地價補償標準體系? ?基於產權平等的公平補償體系，包括公益性徵用和非公益性徵用補償；在耕地資源價值構成研究的基礎上，提出了耕地資源價值由經濟產出價值，社會保障價值和生態服務價值構成，並通過外部性理論、生態系統價值評價方法、工農業「剪刀差」等的研究，重構了公益性徵用的地價補償構成及量化方法；在此基礎上概算了全國2000年公益性徵用中地價補償價格；通過地租理論對土地轉用增值空間定性定量研究，重建了非公益性徵用中地價補償的構成，並指出在我國特定條件下，非公益性徵用補償是非公益性用地逐漸退出徵用過程轉向市場化配置的過渡。Power supply system made up of some parallel operating inverters can meet the needs of different load magnitudes and achieve higher quality and reliability of power supply. it is propitious to the standardization and large scale manufacturing of the inverter modules. at the same time, with the growing usage of appliances powered by special suppliers, the market needs is developing enormously
由多個模塊化的逆變電源並聯運行構建的電源系統，可以滿足不同的負載功率需求以及較高的供電質量和可靠性要求，並且有利於逆變電源模塊生產的標準化、規模化；同時，隨著使用特種電源供電的裝備日趨增多，市場空間不斷增大，逆變電源並聯控制技術的研究具有廣泛的經濟前景和社會效益。There is still a comparatively large room for the market of fixed telephone lines, a main source for driving the increase of business revenue, so china netcom group must continue to implement the strategy of developing telephone customers on the basis of good economic results, and in the meantime exploit international and domestic long distance telephone market, change the continual situation of market share decline, lay emphasis on broadband business and strive to develop digital communication business
第一，堅持有效益的發展不動搖，大力開拓業務市場。固定電話仍有較大的市場空間，是拉動業務收入增長的主要來源，必須繼續實施有效益的發展電話客戶的策略。積極開拓國際國內長途業務市場，改變市場份額連續下滑的局面。The adopting technical economic analysis law of this paper analyse as jinan pattern carries out detailed demonstration from the aspect such as technical demonstration, economic analysis and the guarantee management of later stage. show through plenty of data support and calculation : jinan pattern is solving city syndrome, increases city space to increase people " s living space to raise the problem such as land benifit, is a relatively ideal channel
本文採用技術經濟分析法對濟南模式從技術論證、經濟分析、後期保障管理等方面進行了詳細的論證分析，通過大量的數據支持和計算表明：濟南模式在解決城市綜合癥、增加城市空間、增加人民居住面積、提高土地效益等問題上，是一個較為理想的途徑。分享友人