符號率 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [fúháolǜ]
符號率 英文
symbol rate
  • 符 : Ⅰ名詞1 （符節） tally （with two halves made of wood bamboo jade metal issued by a ruler to gener...
  • 號 : 號Ⅰ名1 （名稱） name 2 （別號; 字） assumed name; alternative name3 （商店） business house 4 （...
  • 率 : 率名詞（比值） rate; ratio; proportion
  • 符號 : 1 （記號; 標記） character; sign; symbol; mark; code; notation; expression; denotation; sentinel ...
  1. And then facing the problem of the channel estimation of the adaptive modulation system, we conclude out the channel estimation algorithms on maximum likelihood ( ml ) estimation and maximum a posteriori ( map ) estimation under the condition of flat fading channel and selective fading channel in detail. to meet flat fading channel, we simulate the relationship of the ratio between the error covariance in map estimation and ml estimation and pilot symbol message length. the conclusion can be drawn from these results

    接著，對自適應調制系統中的通道估計問題難點，詳細推導了平衰落通道條件下和選擇性衰落通道條件下最大似然（ ml ）估計和最大后驗概率（ map ）估計演算法，針對平衰落通道，我們模擬了map估計和ml估計的方差與導頻符號長度的關系，模擬結果表明，錯誤方差受多譜勒頻率的變化影響最大，並且對實際的自適應調制系統，導頻符號長度的取值超過20個符號長度時， map通道估計明顯優于ml通道估計。
  2. 138 variable length coding ( vlc ) : a reversible procedure for entropy coding that assigns shorter bit strings to symbols expected to be more frequent and longer bit strings to symbols expected to be less frequent

    可變長編碼vlc ：一種可逆熵編碼，為出現頻率高的符號分配少的位，為出現頻率低的符號更多的位。
  3. The symbols used by one cartographer can be saved and moved between different pc, then different cartographers may use the same symbols to design map and get the same map result. how to quickly design a map is discussed finally

    最後從實際工程需要出發，研究如何提高海量數據的制圖效率，引入了模板庫的概念，利用模板庫保存符號、比例尺、圖例、指北針等的風格樣式，制圖者通過模板庫來共享勞動成果。
  4. In order to achieve high data rates on the severely band - limited underwater acoustic ( uwa ) channels, bandwidth - efficient modulation techniques must be employed, together with some sophisticated signal processing algorithms, such as adaptive equalization technique for the intersymbol interference caused by channel multipath propagation

    在帶寬嚴重受限的水聲通道中實現高數據率通信，必須使用高帶寬利用率調制技術，並結合自適應均衡等技術以有效地克服通道多途傳播產生的符號間干擾。
  5. For example, carrier frequency offsets, which are caused by the inherent instabilities of the transmitter and receiver carrier frequency oscillators, can lead to severe system degradation due to inter - carrier interference ( ici ). symbol timing synchronization must also be achieved in order to avoid inter - symbol interference ( isi )

    其載波頻率誤差會引入子通道之間的干擾（ ici ） ，而幀同步的誤差會引入符號間干擾（ isi ） ，同時還會對通道估計帶來嚴重的影響。
  6. This thesis analyzed the error performance of mfsk and mpsk modulator in hf with optimal receiver, studied the shortcoming and strongpoint of several typical short - wave data transmission systems and their performance over fading and intersymbol interference channels. the theory and key technical of adaptive modem is discussed. in the last, an efficient modulation scheme - block coded modulation is introduced into hf radio systems to improve the efficiency of hf data transmission, this paper also proposes a hf data transmission system scheme composed of a block coded modulator and a decision feedback type adaptive equalizer

    本文在對短波數傳兩種常見調制方式fsk及psk最佳解調性能分析的基礎上，討論了幾種採用典型調制技術的短波數傳系統（如時頻調制、多進制頻移鍵控慢跳頻、 chess系統）原理、優缺點以及抗衰落和抗符號間干擾的性能；分析了自適應串列數傳系統抗短波通道衰落和多徑干擾的原理、關鍵技術；在本文的最後引入一種有望解決短波數傳系統低效率狀況的調制方式bcm -分組編碼調制，給出了一個採用bcm技術與自適應均衡技術相結合的短波數傳系統方案，並通過計算機模擬進行了初部驗證。
  7. The future wireless mobile communication systems are expected to provide ubiquitous, high - quality, and high - rate mobile multimedia transmission. however, hostile multipath fading radio conditions give rise to serious inter - symbol interference ( isi ) ; even worse, wireless channel are often time varying, which makes the system more vulnerable and more difficult to track the channel state. orthogonal frequency dvision multiplexing ( ofdm ), which is inherently resistant against isi, has invoked a popular research interest in recent years, and has been a promising candidate technology of the physical layer for future weideband high - date - rate wireless communications. notwithstanding, ofdm is much more vulnerable to errors of both time and frequency synchronization and to that of channel estimation, and how to obtain correct timing and channel estimation efficiently is highly critical to ofdm systems. the dissertation will focus on both of the aspects of ofdm systems mentioned above

    但是無線環境的多徑特性造成通信系統中嚴重的符號間干擾，同時無線通道的時變性使得通道特性跟蹤復雜。而正交頻分復用技術（ orthogonalfrequencydivisionmultiplexing ， ofdm ）正是一種解決符號間干擾的有效傳輸手段，因此ofdm技術作為未來寬帶高速率無線通信的物理層候選技術在當前引起了一股研究熱潮。但ofdm系統對定時同步誤差和通道估計誤差非常敏感，如何在ofdm系統中準確快速地實現符號同步和通道估計是至關重要的，本論文將重點針對這兩個問題進行討論。
  8. C2dvlc employs context - based adaptive multiple table coding to exploit the statistical correlation between dct coefficients of one block for higher coding efficiency

    算術編碼利用編碼符號的聯合概率，並且其機制更易於概率匹配，因此編碼效率高。
  9. The adaptation processing includes linear prediction coefficient adaptation and adaptation of quantization step size for residual signals. based on g. 726, we adopt a huffman coder to make use of probability statistic of bit cascade covering n ( n 1 ) samples generated from adpcm, in order to further reduce the bit rate. ng is lossless entropy coding, the speech quality of our improved algorithm should be same as that of g. 726 standard

    我們的研究和改進工作包括:研究最優非均勻自適應量化器，及其自適應演算法;研究波形預測函數，以及函數零點、極點的自適應演算法;基於每n （ n 1 ）個樣本所對應符號的概率統計，對預測殘差量化值再進行huffman編碼，進一步降低比特率。
  10. Earth - moving machinery - machine productivity - vocabulary, symbols and units ; explanatory notes

    土方機械.機器生產率.詞匯符號和單位.說明注釋
  11. Earth - moving machinery - machine productivity - vocabulary, symbols and units ; identical with iso 9245 : 1991

    土方機械.機器生產率.詞匯符號和單位;等同採用is
  12. Operation layer is the basic core part in elliptic curve encryption system including how to calculate elliptic curve ' s stairs is a large prime or including a large prime gene to ensure elliptic curve to be safe elliptic curve ; in this article safe elliptic curve is chosen by p1363 sae algorithm. besides, how to achieve fast point multiplication will influence the performance efficiency of the whole encryption system ; in this article, for different situations, signed binary method and rolling window method are respectively applied to perform quick operation of elliptic curve ' s point multiplication

    運算層是橢圓曲線密碼體制實現的最基礎、最核心的部分，包括如何來計算橢圓曲線的階為大素數或含有一個大的素因子，以保證所選取的橢圓曲線為安全橢圓曲線，本文根據ieeep1363協議的sea演算法實現了安全橢圓曲線的選取；另外如何實現標量乘的快速運算，將會影響整個密碼系統的實現效率，本文根據不同情況對橢圓曲線的標量乘法分別採用了帶符號的二進製法和滑動窗口法進行快速運算。
  13. Although some symbols satisfied 67 % iso standard, they might confuse with other symbols as well

    雖然有些水域活動符號標志的識認率高於國際標準組織所定的67之標準，但仍有非對稱混淆情形生成。
  14. This study suggested that designers should redesign those symbols unsatisfied with iso standards or easily confused with other symbols

    本研究建議符號標志的設計者需要對于識認率低於67的符號標志及容易造成混淆情形的符號標志做重新設計。
  15. In the synchronous techniques based pilot symbols, here propose a frequency offset estimating arithmetic using discrete pilot symbols. we pick up integer times sub - carrier frequency offset from the same ofdm symbol and estimate exact

    此外，在頻偏估計方面，推導出短訓練序列前後兩段時域符號間的關系，並利用此進行粗頻偏估計，使頻率偏移的估計范圍大大增加。
  16. Reducing the data rate by one - half will double the duration of each symbol interval

    將數據率減少一半，能使每個符號間隔的持續時間延長一倍
  17. With roll - off factor of 1. 35, rs coding efficiency of the goat. coding efficiency 7 8 rate for qpsk symbol rates by 2

    其中滾降系數為1 . 35 ， rs編碼效率為188 204 ，卷積碼編碼效率為7 8 ， qpsk碼率為符號率乘2
  18. Stfs is a good coding arithmetic which is simple and easy to realize. moreimportantly stfs has higher diversity order and encoding gain than sts at the samesymbol rate. it can repel channel fading, improve data rate and wireless systemcapacity availability, stand against frequency selectivity fading, eliminate theintersymbol interference

    該編碼演算法不僅在方法和原理上簡單，而且易於實現，在相同符號率下比空時擴頻具有更大的分集度和更高的編碼增益，能有效抵抗通道衰落、提高數據速率、提高無線系統容量、很好的對抗頻率選擇性衰落和消除符間干擾。
  19. This paper, special research object is the qam constellation controllable adaptive modulation system, symbol rate and modulation level controllable adaptive modulation system

    本文以qam星座可調的自適應調制系統、符號率及調制電平可控的自適應調制系統為具體的研究對象。
  20. In order to enhance the performance of the chip equalizer, a new scheme of chip equalizer based on pilot cancellation is presented in this paper

    為了增強碼片均衡器的性能，本文提出了一種新的基於導頻抵消的碼片均衡器，給出了導頻抵消演算法及誤符號率的計算公式，導出了基於導頻抵消的碼片均衡演算法。
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