等價原則 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [děngjiàyuánzé]
等價原則 英文
equivalence principle
  • 等 : Ⅰ量詞1 （等級） class; grade; rank 2 （種; 類） kind; sort; type Ⅱ形容詞（程度或數量上相同） equa...
  • 價 : 名詞1. （價格） price 2. （價值） value 3. [化學] （化合價） valence
  • 原 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （最初的; 原來的） primary; original; former 2 （沒有加工的） unprocessed; raw Ⅱ動詞（原...
  • 則 : Ⅰ名詞1 （規范） standard; norm; criterion 2 （規則） regulation; rule; law 3 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ...
  • 等價 : of equal value; equal in value; equivalence
  1. Sunrise furniture is specialized in the production of european and american classic solid wood furniture such as dining tables, chairs, sofas, armoires, curios, bedroom sets etc ; with modernized machinery exporting to many countries all over the world

    本公司擅長生產房間系列家?如:梳妝臺，茶幾，電視櫃，床類等.還可以根據客戶要求產客戶製造樣辦及產品，本公司以守信用，品質優良，價格適中原則
  2. First, we take the historic district into urban ecosystem to analyze its advantages and shortcomings on macroscopical level, to introduce active factors activating the commercial atmosphere ; then, deepen the discussion into building - unit and details. referring to a lot of convictive examples, we probe into the design elements, the methods of new space recreation and the continuity of historic information thoroughly. in the end, systematically analyze the " xin tian di " project in shanghai, china, we reiterate the major idea of this paper : only when the historic buildings and their environments have displayed corresponding " faces " the time endows them, they are animated

    論文首先從宏觀入手，將歷史街區放入城市生態大系統中，從整體上分析能強化歷史街區商業區位與商業價值的相關因素，提出進行商業環境更新的指導原則，進而闡述增強商業環境活性的具體更新手法；其次，深化到歷史建築及其細部設計的中、微觀層面，結合國內外優秀改建實例，對歷史建築適應商業新功能的改建要素、室內空間更新手法以及在商業環境中創造歷史關聯性等各方面進行了深入探討。
  3. According to the feasible design domain theory in vehicte passive suspension, this paper gives designing object & method of outer performance of motorcycle suspension shock absorber. we calculate and evaluate the position in feasible domain in passive suspension of six kinds of motorcycle front & rear suspension ( hk250b, gn125, jh125, jh125l, dy100, jh70 ). we also provide the rule of feasible design domain of motorcycte frout & rear suspension

    該文根據車輛被動懸架可行設計區理論，對摩托車前、后懸架減振器外特性設計目標和方法進行分析，評價了hk250b ， gn125 ， jh125 ， jh125l ， dy100 ， jh70等六種摩托車前、后懸架在被動懸架可行設計區的位置，提出了摩托車前、后懸架可行設計原則
  4. At the end, basing on comparative model, using depth - first search strategy and special arithmetic in the principle of mathematical equipollence, ides can auto distinguish the subject after comparing key steps and answering steps of student

    基於比較模型，採用深度優先的控制策略，採用特定演算法，按照數學意義上等價的原則，對關鍵步驟和學生解答進行比較識別，從而實現自動批改功能。
  5. In order to maintain the rules conveniently, we make use of the technology of rdbms in managing data, consider the trait of production rules, and then design and realize the arithmetic to check the rules " equipollence and circulation on the basis of our former work - knowledge ordering. all these solve the knowledge base ' s consistency effectively

    為了方便對規則的維護，我們充分利用數據庫管理系統對數據管理的巨大威力，結合產生式知識規則的特點，在原有知識序化的基礎上，對規則的等價、循環做了演算法設計與實現，較好地解決了知識庫的一致性問題。
  6. The second passage of the article is the essential section, composed with macrocosm design, organization implement and feedback collection, designing and outlining the systemic model of certificate of leadership qualification, the whole assessment system pays attention not only to the macrocosm structure, proper and scientific frame, extensive applicability, but also to concrete steps, exiguous and intuitionistic programming, simple and convenient operation. the macrocosm design exerts modern examination theory and systemic project method to describe thoroughly the basic principles, applicable range, certificate categories, the setting of organization system, assessment target of leadership qualification, the choice of content and technology ; organization implement gives exiguous and concrete designs on the period of qualification examination, choosing time, confirmation of the certificate scale and qualification censor, written examination, interview, pub

    總體設計中運用現代考試理論和系統工程的方法，適應形勢，結合實際，對認證制的基本原則、適用范圍（正副廳、正副處、正副科等三等六級） 、認證的分類、組織體系的設置、任職資格認證評價目標、內容和技術的選擇進行了宏觀全面地闡述;組織實施中對任職資格考試周期、時間的選擇、認證規模的確定以及資格審查、筆試、面試、考察、公示的操作等進行了微觀具體地設計;反饋迴流中對認證工作的檢驗和評估、任職資格的跟蹤動態管理和認證制保障機制的建立進行了詳細說明。
  7. By now, the tax - revenue equality principle and taxation fairness doctrine based on " contract spirit and equality principle " require the position of all the subjects of taxation - law system - the country, tax bureau and taxpayer, are equal of law too, thus the article make a tentative study of the equal value which conceiving in taxation law system

    推至現代，建立在「契約精神和平等原則」基礎上的稅收平等原則和稅收公平主義則要求稅收法律關系的全部主體一一國家、征稅機關和納稅主體，考察其彼此之間的平等和公平關系。基於此，本文對稅收法律關系中所蘊涵的平等價值作了初步探討。
  8. The spatial condition and both the technical and economic feasibilities for the layout of the light - court for the auxiliary powerhouse under the condition of higher fluctuation of the flood level downstream is basically analyzed ; in which the principles of the layout and both the spatial dimension and configuration are discussed, and then a actual design case is given with the preliminary evaluation on the ventilating and lighting effect of the light - court

    初步分析了下游洪水位變幅較大等環境條件下，貫流式水電站副廠房設置自然通風採光天井的空間條件及其技術性和經濟性，討論了天井布置原則和空間尺度與形態處理，給出設計實例並初步評價了天井通風採光的效果。
  9. Set out from the peculiar procedure value, function and purpose of the public prosecution, the construction of the concrete mode of this system should be followed the principles of judicial examination on the subject, and substantive examination on the range and the rules avoiding the forejudge, basing on fact and taking law as criterion, in order to accord with the legal spirit and procedural theory of the public prosecution

    從公訴審查特有的訴訟價值、功能和目的出發，公訴審查制度具體模式的構建應當遵循審查主體上的司法審查原則、審查范圍上的以定罪為中心的實體審原則、排除庭審法官預斷的原則以及以事實為根據以法律為準繩的原則和及時審理原則等，以符合公訴審查制度所內涵的法律精神和訴訟理念。
  10. On such a basis, traditional international law seeks the value of nations, such as independence, equality, autonomy, territorial integrity, inviolability, etc, which presents as sovereignty

    傳統國際法追求的是國家價值，即獨立、平等、自治、領土完整和不可侵犯等，集中表現為主權原則。
  11. Firstly, by numerical and theoretical analysis, the author compares some existent confidence intervals, for example, " exact " confidence interval, wald confidence interval and bayesian confidence interval, and finds some deficiencies points of the confidence intervals, whose modification version has been proposed. also, several better confidence intervals such as are also presented. secondly, for given confidence coefficient and interval width, the author constructs a class of asymptotical two - stage interval estimate procedures. at the same time, under varies restriction of confidence coefflcientent interval width, the optional sample size of the first stage has been computed by numerical computation. the numerical computation shows that the method considered in this dissertation have good properties and applied value

    同時，由於poisson分佈的特性，我們知道不存在其參數區間長度小於0 . 5的置信區間，基於這些情況，我們主要展開了以下兩個方面的研究：一是利用數值計算分析與理論分析的方法對現有的若干置信區間如「精確」置信區間， wald置信區間， bayes置信區間等進行分析比較，發現了一些缺陷，針對這些缺陷，我們進行適當的修正，並得到幾種性質較好的置信區間如：修正大樣本區間jeffreys原則下置信區間二是針對已給定的置信系數與區間長度，我們提出了一種漸近的兩階段區間估計程序，並利用數值計算的方法，在各種置信系數與區間長度限定下，算出了最優的第一階段觀測次數（抽樣量） ，大量數據表明，本文考慮的方法性態良好，具有應用價值。
  12. Next analyzed were the characteristics of natural gas pipeline transmission ; cost, ratemaking principle, method of acquiring the pipeline transmission fee, constitution, calculate, management and control after that, wt ; compared service cost methods with economic evaluation methods and the one - part pricing method with the two - part pricing method. later on was introduced the regulate coefficient of pipeline transmission fee structure, established the modificatory two - part pricing method, and found out a natural gas pipeline transmission pricing method that is fit for china ' s current situation. finally, we validated the rationality and applicability of this metho j by the demonstrational analysis on the natural gas pipeline transmission price of " the gas transmission from west to east " pipeline this paper ' s research fundamental is : the fundamental of natural gas pipeline transmission pricing should reflect the characteristics of natural gas pipeline transmission

    本文首先論述了自然壟斷行業的價格理論，然後分析了天然氣管輸的特點、定價原則及管輸費的收取方式、成本、構成、計算及其管理與調控；在此基礎上比較了中外天然氣管輸定價的服務成本法與經濟評價法，一部制定價法與兩部制定價法等；針對目前我國天然氣管道運價的制定現狀，本文深入研究了國際通用的天然氣管輸定價方法，引入「管輸費結構調整系數」的指標，建立修正的兩部制定價方法，找出了一套適合於我國當前國情的恰當的天然氣管輸定價方法，並通過「西氣東輸」管線加以實證分析，驗證了方法的合理性和適用性。
  13. ( 2 ) development of tourism market should go on according to the procedure : first, analyzes the tourist behaviour features and relations between the supply and demand of tourism market ; second, select target market ; third, makes correct developing strategies of tourism market, including images designing on tourist destinations, rich and varied marketing activities, flexible price strategies, high quality service, etc. ( 3 ) surburbs tourism products should be designed on principles of meeting market demands, resources features, characteristic, structure bettering, comprehensive benefits, rational distribution, and surburbs tourism routes should be designed under principles of rational time arrangement, appropriate space arrangement, equal in value, etc. ( 4 ) development of tourism commodities is of great significance to surburbs tourism, which can enhance comprehensive tourism economy benefits, promote the development of interrelated fields, provide more jobs, increase the utilization ratio of resources etc. so, we should take some measures : speeding up developing tourism commodities ; promote the creativeness and cultural connotation ; establish management institution of tourism commodities market ; build right - the - spot enterprises that produce tourism commdoties

    1 、旅遊資源開發主要採取興建、利用、提高和改造四種方式，並且遵循科學的開發程序。 2 、旅遊市場開發應首先分析旅遊者行為特徵和旅遊供需模式，然後進行旅遊市場的分析和目標客源市場的選擇，制定正確的旅遊市場開發策略：進行旅遊地形象策劃；開展豐富多彩的促銷活動；採取靈活的價格策略；提供優質服務等等。 3 、旅遊產品開發應依據市場需求原則、資源特徵原則、特色原則、結構優化原則、綜合效益原則、布局合理化原則等，進行旅遊產品設計，並且根據時間安排合理原則、空間安排適宜原則、等價原則等進行了郊區線路設計。
  14. This robust adaptive control uses the identifier to estimate the unkonwn parameter and a " certainty - equivalence " to form a self - adaptive controlling design so as to realize the separation from identifier and controller in design

    用辨識器估計系統未知參數，利用「確定性等價原則」構成自適應控制方案，從而實現了辨識器與控制器設計的完全分離。
  15. This article is based on the principles of risk management and insurance. it insights into the interrelationship among risk, insurable interest and such important factors as insurance value in mortgage insurance, explains the asymmetry of risk assumed and relevant coverage, shows the brand new concept of ratio of real estate insurance value, argues the application of replacement less depreciation approach to the valuation of insurance value in mortgage insurance, and analyzes the valued policy and moral hazard in real estate insurance

    本文基於風險與保險基本原理和不動產估價原則，結合保險發達國家不動產保險實務和我國抵押貸款相關險種保單條款，深入剖析住房抵押貸款保險的風險、可保利益、保險價值等要素的內在聯系以及現行保險條款中風險與保險責任不對稱的原因，提出了不動產保險價值比率的全新概念，論證了住房抵押貸款的保險價值評估適用抵押房屋重置價值的觀點，並對不動產保險中定值保單和道德風險進行了探討。
  16. Although china ' s traditional law culture has its own values and advantages, it is conflicting with modern legal regulation in the basic ideas and orientations. this conflict is mainly manifest in four aspects : first, it is the conflict between law principles of universal equality and that of specific privilege belonging to feudal society ; second, it refer to the conflict between principle of supreme law and tradition of supreme power ; the third conflict is that of concepts between just procedures and empty procedures ; the fourth one refers to the conflict between principles of legal regulation to guarantee rights and legal orientation of instrumental awareness

    雖然中國傳統法文化也自有它的價值和可取之處，但是從基本理念和價值取向上，其與現代法治是沖突的，這種沖突主要表現在四個方面：法律普遍性平等性原則與「禮治」等級特殊性原則的沖突；法律至上原則與權力至上傳統的沖突；程序正義觀念與程序虛無觀念的沖突；保障權利的法治原則與工具意識的法律取向的沖突。
  17. Firstly, the paper retrospects the development of eso and tries to probe into the theoretical field : the explanation of it ' s definition, the conclusion of it ' s characters, the comparison of eso and other stock inspiration system, followed by the analysis of it ' s theoretical basis and incentive effect ; meanwhile, the paper probes into the realistic situations of eso in usa and china in order to seek the regulation and draw the advantages and disadvantages ; to this part, the paper takes the following four items as the main barriers to eso ' s implementation in china : the over restriction of current law system, the low efficiency of the market, the poor corporate governance structure and a lack of a reasonable performance index system, and elaborately analyze the impacts of the obstacles on eso ; after the analysis made above, the paper gets down to taking some methods to solve the problems in accordance with the characteristic of the barriers. as far as the internal defects of the mechanism are concerned, the paper begins with the scientifically design of the key components, studying the aspects of bestowal, change, loss, the executive method and the executive time. then the paper focuses on designing a performance index system which is an essential part of eso, introducing the bsc to improve the present performance index system, under the reasonable guidelines resigning it at both the levels of company ' s and employee ' s levels. finally, as regards how to perfect the outside surrounding of eso, the thesis makes some suggestion

    本文首先回顧了股票期權制在國內外的發展及較為詳盡的分析了股票期權制度的相關理論：闡述了其涵義，特徵，理論基礎，激勵效應並於其他幾個較易混淆的股權激勵機製作逐一的比較，以進一步澄清人們對其的錯誤認識；同時，對股票期權制在美國和我國的現狀進行深入的實證研究，探求其內在規律，在肯定其成果時指出其不足；至此，筆者認為，我國上市公司要推行股票期權制度將主要面臨以下四類障礙：公司治理結構不完善、市場有效性差、現行法規體系不完善及缺乏客觀的業績考評指標體系，並詳細分析了各類障礙的現狀及對股票期權制的負面影響；在此基礎上，針對各類障礙的不同性質，著手探討消除這些障礙的措施：對于股票期權制內部的缺陷，本文先對各個關鍵要素進行科學設計，系統的剖析了贈與、變更、喪失、執行方式、股票來源等技術性問題，再以大量篇幅研究了如何構建出一套與實施股票期權制相配套的業績考核指標體系，引進平衡計分卡的思想對國內現有的指標體系加以改進，以一組合理的評價原則為指導，從公司及員工個人業績考評兩個層面上來設計該指標體系。
  18. Based on the domestic and international research of learning evaluation, this paper brings up 5 principles to build such a new evaluation system, they are : ( 1 ) the purpose is not a distinction, but to promote the development of students. ( 2 ) the basic way is not confirmation, but to promote communication. ( 3 ) the realization of learners " development depends on their again right own consideration

    這一部分首先結合新課程改革的評價理念提出了5條評價原則， （ 1 ）構建評價體系的目的不是區分，而是促進中學生在數學學習方面的轉變性發展； （ 2 ）評價體系的基本活動方式是淡化確認，加強對話； （ 3 ）評價體系不是系統的控制，而是通過學習者的自我反思而實現； （ 4 ）評價體系中對評價結果的表現形式不再是簡單的分數和等級； （ 5 ）評價體系需要創設一個批判性與支持性的開放環境。
  19. According to regress, the paper got equivalent shearing stiffness and equivalent damping gene ' s calculating formula of the hdr ' s equivalent linear model. at last, the paper estimates the effect of integrated isolation bearing with a 4 span continuous beam bridge by nonlinear dynamic analysis program

    根據能量相等的原則，本論文提出了高阻尼橡膠剪切滯回曲線的雙線性模型和模型中各參數的計算公式；回歸出了用剪應變表示的等價線性化模型的等價剪切剛度和等價阻尼比實用計算公式。
  20. And this essay found the solution of the problem : the lessening should obey the important regulations of the " efficient market " and " market principles " ; the lessening should combine the long - term goal with the short - term ' s and united into a final goal - the maximum of the whole society ' s property ; the organization structure should be perfected formally and substantially ; the state - owned stocks should be lessened by classification periodically ; the lessening ways could be diversified, marketable or non - marketable ; the lessening should obey the regulation of different prices on different stocks and same prices on same stocks, and drew a conclusion that our state - owned stocks lessening should be managed with low price based on the net assets

    尋得我國國有股減持應遵循「有效市場」 、 「市場規律」等重要原則；減持目標應把長遠目標和近期目標相結合，並統一于社會創造財富能力最大化的最終目標；從形式和實質上完善減持的組織實施；國有股應分類、分期和分批減持；減持方式可選擇市場方式和非市場方式，即多樣化方式減持；國有股減持應遵循異類股票不同價和同類股票不異價的定價原則，並提出我國國有股應以凈資產為基礎進行低價減持的結論。
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