等效管長度 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [děngxiàoguǎnzhǎngdù]
等效管長度 英文
equivalent length of pipe
  • 等 : Ⅰ量詞1 （等級） class; grade; rank 2 （種; 類） kind; sort; type Ⅱ形容詞（程度或數量上相同） equa...
  • 效 : Ⅰ名詞（效果; 功用） effect; efficiency; result Ⅱ動詞1 （仿效） imitate; follow the example of 2 ...
  • 管 : Ⅰ名詞1 （管子） pipe; tube 2 （吹奏的樂器） wind musical instrument 3 （形狀似管的電器件） valve;...
  • 長 : 長Ⅰ形容詞1 （年紀較大） older; elder; senior 2 （排行最大） eldest; oldest Ⅱ名詞（領導人） chief;...
  • 度 : 度動詞[書面語] （推測; 估計） surmise; estimate
  • 長度 : length; longitude; size; extent; footage
  1. This article is composed by four parts. the foreword introduces simply the process of from establishment to development and contabescence of shanxi bank and the operating and running status. then bring forward the theme of this article that the organizational and managing system was the determinant factors of the prosperity and decline of shanxi bank and its experiences and lessons lend a helping hand to the enterprises of our time. the first part mainly tells of the organizational system and managing mode which drove the development and prosperity of shanxi bank, i t was consisted of the organizing system of the ownership departing from the power of management, and the capital frame of composing by the yin - share and manpower - share, and the human resources management system including high - level various and with elasticity distributing system and strict managing system, and the rigorous mamaging system and flexible running frame, and the enterprise culture of combining tigtly with the ru culture

    組織制度方面，主要通過對票號所有權與經營權相分離的組織制度的研究，總結其對票號發展所起到的重要作用；資本構成方面，主要對票號銀股、身股並重的資本構成，特別是票號實行的頂身股制度進行研究，總結其對員工所形成的有效激勵作用；用人體制方面，主要從激勵和約束兩個方面分別進行研究，一方面是票號分配體制的高水平、多樣化、富於彈性，對票號員工形成了有效的激勵作用，另一方面是嚴格的人員選拔、培養、任用以及監督、獎罰等管理制度，對票號員工形成了有效的約束作用；管理制度和經營體制方面，主要通過對票號各類號規進行分類研究，分別從管理制度和經營體制兩類內容來著手，總結票號管理制度的健全和經營體制的靈活對票號業務發展所起到的重要作用；企業文化理念方面，分別從員工教育和儒商融會兩方面進行研究，總結票號對員工道德教育的重視給票號帶來的良好企業風尚以及儒商融會理念使票號在經營方面更加成熟穩健、注重企業長遠利益。
  2. For many years of the restriction of mechanism and management system, our colleges and universities in china, on the one hand, face up to the protuberant problems in teaching outlay and resources shortage ; on the other hand, to some extent of resources unused and wasted

    長期以來，由於受機制和管理體制方面因素的制約，我國高校一方面存在教學經費緊張，資源短缺等突出問題；另一方面又存在相當程度的資源閑置與浪費。經費嚴重不足與高校資源使用效益低下，是影響我國高等教育發展的嚴重問題。
  3. Based on results of a lot of practical investigations, academic researches and comparisons of situations of real estate industry in changsha with that in other cities, this paper analyzes the present situations and existing problems of changsha ' s real estate industry and points out that the competition of foreign enterprises, the low degree of openness in renting system, the inefficiency in management, the conflicts of administration and practice, the lack of legal consciousness for agent serv ices, the nonstandardization of real estate management companies and the distemperedness in supervisory systems pose the outside threats ; ill managerial system, low technical level, small scales of companies, few measures for financing and marketing, poor quality and high prices of products pose the inside problems

    本文在大量調查和理論研究的基礎上，分析了長沙市房地產業的現狀和問題，提出了長沙住宅市場需求量預測模型，並對2002年長沙住宅市場需求量進行預測，對長沙房地產業發展進行縱向和橫向比較，論述了外國企業進入中國房地產市場指日可待，論述了我國目前土地出讓制度不透明，政策管理手段繁雜、效率不高，規劃部門與房地產業的滯后與沖突，中介服務機構缺乏法律，物業管理公司無法可依，監控體系不健全等外部環境問題；論述了我國目前房地產企業規模偏小，管理體制乏力，技術力量薄弱，融資渠道狹窄，產品質量不高，產品規格不齊，價格偏高，以及營銷手段落後等內部環境等問題。
  4. The three of them are tightly connected. in a long term, the viewpoints of public management field talk about government framework reform and system reform so much, but few of them talk about government management system and the function of it, local governments focus on weighing achievements of government management, ignoring weighing the result of achievements of government management. obviously, the core of achievements of government management ’ s problem is the factors which have effects on achievements of government management and the result caused by government manages society

    長期以來，國內公共管理領域的著作和觀點中，談政府機構改革、政府體制改革等方面的很多，談政府管理制度及其運行分析方面的問題較少，談政府績效管理的制度、戰略和方法的較多，談政府定位及其職能的結構及其運行方面的問題較少，各地政府在探索提高政府管理績效的路徑上往往只關注政府公共管理行為的過程（政府績效管理衡量） ，忽視政府管理績效的結果衡量，在衡量體系的設計上突出經濟指標，實踐性與實際存在的問題嚴重脫節。
  5. ( 4 ) through the hydraulic property experiment of micro - hole lateral pipes of simple sdi in air, it was found that the average pressure of 60 mitre length lateral pipes was at the position of per 40o / o ~ ~ ~ 50 % of the effectual pipe length from the fist micro - hole, major pressure - loss was occurred at the ahead part of half pipe. the pressure uniformity reduced with orifice aperture ? increasing, and the relationship between pressure uniformity and initial water pressure was poor. running under the initial water pressure of 1. 5 meter, the discharge uniformity reduced with orifice aperture ? increasing, and when the orifice aperture smaller than or equal 1. 0mm, irrigation uniformity could achieve above 0. 6

    （ 3 ）通過對空氣介質中簡易地下滴灌的微孔毛管試驗研究發現： 60m管長的毛管平均壓力水頭的位置基本上在距第一孔口的有效管長40 - 45的地方；大部分水頭損失發生在毛管的前半部分；壓力均勻度隨孔徑的增大而減小，但與初始工作水頭關系不密切；在1 . 5m以下的工作壓力下運行，沿程出流均勻度隨孔徑的增大而降低，當孔徑不大於1 . 0mm時，灌水均勻度可以達到60以上；當孔徑大於等於1 . 2mm時，灌水均勻度低於50 。
  6. The fourth part put out the strategies that put up the effect of schoolmasters leading form the administering system, the institution building and the ability exaltation. on the aspect of administering system : should defmitude the relation between the government and school, should fulfill the real system of schoolmasters leading

    在管理體制方面，要明確政府與學校的關系、落實真正的「校長負責制」 ；在制度建設方面，要建立和完善校長資格證書制度、校長選拔任用制度、校長績效評價制度、校長培訓制度、校長晉升激勵制度等基本制度。
  7. The writer pursues such a target : suit requirement of economic development of the socialist market, further reform and perfect system of individual income tax law, improve and enhance collection management, strengthen regulation of persons of high income, and alleviate the unjust antinomy of social assignment, promote social stability, establish continuous and stable increasing mechanism of income of individual income tax, and more availably develop positive effect of the individual income tax in politics, economy and social living, following suggestion is put iv forward so as to realize the target : to practice admixture type of the individual income tax system classifying combining with synthesizing, reasonably determine tax rate and tax deduction standard, standardize taxpayer ' s scope, adjusting and extending the tax base, standardize advance payment system, and establish perfect and scientific modem tax levy & management system the etc., so as to have th

    本文筆者力圖追求這樣一個目標：適應社會主義市場經濟發展的要求，進一步改革和完善個人所得稅法律制度，改進和強化徵收管理，加大對高收入廠、碩士學位論文alaster 」 stdis一者的調節力度，緩解社會分配不公的矛盾，促進社會穩定，建立起個人所得稅收入的持續、穩定增長機制，更加有效地發揮個人所得稅在政治、經濟和社會生活中的積極作用。為了實現這個目標提出了如下建議：實行分類同綜合相結合的混合型個人所得稅制，合理確定稅率和扣除標準，規范納稅人范圍，調整和擴大稅基，規范預扣繳制度，建立完善、科學的現代化稅務征管系統等，以期對我國個人所得稅法律制度的修訂和完善有所稗益。
  8. The situation of yellow river dry - up is gradually rigorous. it has being influenced the development of the lower reaches of yellow river and the implement of strategy on developing the western areas. based on analyzing the harmfulness, causes of its dry - up from the factors of physical geography and human activities, this article put forward the engineering and non - engineering control measures for controlling yellow river dry - up : strenghtening the unified management and despatch for its water resource ; resorting to compulsion to save water ; quickening key projects duild for the addition of balance and water storing capacity ; increasing synthetical administer to ecological environment ; increasing effectivesupply of water resource

    黃河斷流形勢日趨嚴峻，斷流的頻率增加、時間延長、里程增大，嚴重製約了黃河流域尤其是黃河下游地區的可持續發展和開發大西部戰略的實施.在分析黃河斷流造成的危害、黃河斷流的自然因素和人為因素的基礎上，提出了加強黃河水資源的統一管理和調度、採取強制措施厲行節約用水、加快骨幹工程建設增加調蓄能力、加大流域生態環境綜合治理的力度、適時開源增加水資源的有效供給等工程性和非工程性措施，以防治黃河的斷流
  9. 3 the design theories of cooling pipe of play down internal temperature of mass concrete about diameter, length, arrange method, rate of flow, current velocity, reduce heat time, temperature disparity to in and out, reduce heating result etc. 4 the theory of influence about concrete internal temperature and concrete crack because of transform of mixture ratio and pulverized fuel ash sophisticate quantity

    西安建築科技大學博士生論文一;一;一一『一一一3降低大體積混凝土內部溫度常用的冷卻水管的管徑、長度、布置方法、水流量、流速、降溫時間、進出水口的溫差、降溫效果等的設計計算理論。 4配合比及摻加料對混凝土內部溫度和混凝土開裂的影響理論。
  10. This dissertation points out that under the knowledge economy and economic globalization, due to the implementation of market economy in china and the increasing demand for higher education, the government is under more and more pressure in developing higher education, therefore, strengthening the marketization reform will help raise fund from a larger variety of channels. through these efforts, we can also bring along the competition in higher education sector and improve the efficiency and management level in higher education, and thus bring the higher education sector onto the track of sound development

    本文認為，在知識經濟和經濟全球化條件下，隨著市場經濟的發展以及人們對高等教育的需求不斷地增長，加之政府負擔高等教育費用的壓力將越來越大，通過加大高等教育市場化改革的力度，可以從更多渠道籌措資金，並通過市場化改革促進競爭，提高高等教育辦學效率和管理水平，使高等教育走上良性發展的道路。
  11. The author builds the units reliability increasing model based on the eigenvalue with equivalent practicable degree and usableness coefficient of the 200mw units of jingyuan power plant. the actual data indicated that the model can analyze the rising rule of units reliability may be analyzed by this model, and the data are transmited to all the management departments it provides basis for right management decision

    本文根據靖遠電廠200mw機組運行等效可用度和可用系數為特徵量建立了機組的可靠性增長模型，並經過了實際數據的驗證，表明採用該模型可對機組的可靠性增長規律進行分析，並可將這些數據及時傳送到廠里各級生產管理部門，為正確的管理決策提供確切的依據。
  12. And the simulation on the nonlinear beam - wave interaction of two - cavity gyroklystron is made. the influences of the drift length and beam voltage and current and the velocity ratio of the electron beam and et al. on efficiency and gain are analyzed in detail

    並對34ghz兩腔迴旋速調管的注?波互摘要作用進行了大量的數值模擬研究，分析了漂移區長度、電壓、電流、速度lhq值、磁場k ， ； 、注入波功率等多種因素對互作用電子效率及增益的影響。
  13. This part, by way of how state - owned railway industry and railway transportation networks relation, analyzes the problems in railway industry on defining the state - owned assets, function establishing, carrying out the responsibility and the dealership, and establishing mordern industry system and inspired system for railway netsworks, also encounter, etc., analyzing characteristics of changsha and other railway industry, to compare with europe, japan and russianjanalyzes what problems are with railway industry and transportation networks in the process of " enterprises independent, financing dividing, staff separating " and are with changsha railway industry in scale, facilities, capitals, quality of staff members and the violently competed environment inside and outside, etc. ; studing substance, special feature, principle, check - up target for railway industry perform capital responsibilities. in railway industry enterprises and manaing, investigates how to classify railway industry and transportation networks ' s managemen t scope - sticking to assets basis establishing market position of railway industry, endowing sufficient and free dealership to enterprises, at the same time, creating effectively supervised confined system ; analyzes chang tie machine - loading mill decline its competion - power can be behaved makes readers better understand some main problems in managing railway industry and why the problems occurs, at last some relevant countermeasures are proposed to solve these problems

    面對激烈的市場競爭環境，研究工附業企業的經營管理現狀，找出應對措施具有十分重要的意義。本文從鐵路工附業企業與運輸主業的關系，分析了鐵路工附業在國有資產的界定、職能定位、企業經營責任和經營權的落實、鐵路建立現代企業制度、企業如何建立有效的監督機制以及存在的三個不到位等方面的問題；分析了路內和長沙鐵路工附業的特點，比較了歐洲、俄羅斯和日本鐵路經營管理的特點；分析了鐵路工附業企業與運輸主業在「企業分設、財務分賬、人員分開」過程中，長沙鐵路工附業企業在規模、設備、資金、人員素質以及內外部激烈的競爭環境等方面面臨的問題；研究鐵路實行資產經營責任制的內涵和特徵、必須堅持的原則，提出了工附業實行資產經營責任制的考核指標及主要內容。
  14. The aeronautic weapon project is a kind of special project. it has characteristics of hi - technology, high investment, high risk, and long cycle etc. generally total lifecycle of aeronautic weapon embraces project demonstration, project design, project development, design conformation and production conformation stage, there are a large number of risks during each stage, the quality of aeronautic weapon project risk management directly influences the result of the aeronautic weapon project. how to identify every risk and analyze the influence of risk factors in different stage directly affects the result of risk management

    航空武器裝備項目是一種特殊項目，它具有高科技、高投入、高風險、長周期等特徵，一般地，航空武器裝備全壽命周期包括項目論證、方案設計、工程研製、設計定型和生產定型階段，在每個階段里都存在著大量的風險，對航空武器裝備項目風險管理的好壞直接影響著航空武器裝備項目的成敗，而如何準確識別各階段面臨的風險以及分析不同階段各風險因素的影響程度直接影響著風險管理的效果。
  15. Leds ( light emitting diodes ) have become new attractive solid light sources with superiority in high reliability, high brightness, long life and high energy efficiency and extensively been used in the area of big screen displaying, traffic signal lights, multimedia information storage and lighting

    發光二級管（ lightemittingdiode ， led ）是一種高亮度、高效率、長壽命的新型固體光源。被廣泛應用於大屏幕顯示，交通信號燈，多媒體信息存儲，照明等領域，無論是產值還是產量，在半導體光電器件中均占據主導地位。
  16. To expedite the exploitation of hydroelectric resources of huanghe upstream meets the request of western development, and is significant to the strategically overall arrangement of realizing the optimization deployment of resource and transporting clean energy to the east but, for a long time, in the electric market, the supply - and - demand analysis and the science - oriented, reliable forecast of electric network load is absent. in the developing gradation, the support of theory about hydroelectric plants " developing gradation is absent. in the pattern of management and development, a theoretical system of developing, management is absent, such as the relation of the synthetically utilization of hydroelectric development and water resource and environment should be brought into the unified planning and managing system of the valley

    但是長期以來，在電力市場方面，缺乏科學、可靠的電網負荷需求預測及市場供需分析；在開發順序方面，缺乏水電站開發順序理論方法依據的支持，影響了開發的層次和速度；在開發管理模式方面，缺乏一套行之有效的開發、經營及管理的理論體系，比如水電開發與水資源綜合利用及與生態環境的關系等，都應納入流域統一規劃、統一管理的水電開發利用管理體系中。
  17. The method and importance of scientific handling and using files are analyzed in detail. to use obturation storeroom replace open storeroom, and control the temperature and humidity of storeroom automatically, in order to extend the archives " natural life. the technologies of automatic identification, storage, fetch and agv are put forward to improve automatic level and work efficiency

    具體分析了科學管好用好檔案資料的方法與重要性，提出了以密閉檔案庫房替代敞開式庫房，並自動監控庫房的溫濕度來延長檔案的使用壽命；提出了採用檔案自動識別與存取技術以及agv技術，來提高檔案庫的自動化程度和工作效率；採取防盜、防火等措施以確保檔案庫的安全；採用c s或b s工作模式來組建檔案庫的信息管理網路。
  18. This experiment include many contents, in a word, that is summer condition experiment, winter condition experiment > summer - winter transition condition experiment and winter - summer transition condition experiment, furthermore summer condition experiment still include flux changing experiment and winter condition experiment still include thermal balance experiment this article dealt with the data of the test, calculating out energy absorbing ( energy discharging ) of buried pipe in winter condition ( summer condition ), input power of heat pump x heat exchanging of piece buried pipe length x co - efficiency performance ? op ( energy efficiency rate ? er ) and average heat exchanging coefficient ; in additiont this article compares the inlet water temperature and outlet water temperature of underground the first layer and the second layer buried pipe when heat pump was running, the results are that the heat exchanging ability of the second layer buried pipe outgos the first layer buried pipe, and heat exchanging is more stable ; and still analyse earth temperature resuming in the transition season. the results are earth temperature resume fast in the first week when the heat pump runs off

    本文測試內容相當多，概括地說就是四個工況的測試，即夏季製冷工況的測試、冬季供熱工況的測試、夏?冬過渡季測試和冬?夏過渡季測試；另外在夏季工況的測試中還進行了變流量測試，在冬季工況的測試中還進行了熱平衡測試。本文對測試數據進行了處理，計算出了冬（夏）季工況埋管吸（放）熱量、熱泵空調器供熱量（製冷量） 、熱泵空調器輸入功率、埋管單位管長換熱量、供熱性能系數（製冷能效比）和平均傳熱系數等；另外，還比較了熱泵運行時地下一二層埋管進出水溫度變化情形，得出地下二層埋管換熱能力優于地下一層埋管，且換熱很穩定；並分析了過渡季地下一二層埋管溫度恢復情形，得出熱泵系統停機一周內地溫恢復特別快。
  19. Methods : preformed a long - term visited research into total 768 women who had laparotomic microsurgical fallopian tube anastomosis after sterilization during fifteen years, and analyze the influence factors such as the age of patient, years after sterilization, length of fallopian tube and different operation performers

    方法：對用顯微外科技術施行輸卵管復通術15年共768例進行長期隨訪研究，並對復通患者的年齡、絕育期限、輸卵管長度、不同術者等影響復通手術效果的因素進行分析。
  20. Higher education industrialization is reformation need of higher education system, is the only way to satisfy the need of higher education with each passing day and to realize popularity of higher education, is a effective method to relax running university fee and is catalyst of administration system reformation

    高等教育產業化是高等教育制度改革的需要，它是滿足日益增長的高等教育需求和實現高等教育大眾化的必經途徑，是緩解辦學經費緊張的有效手段，是高等教育管理制度改革的催化劑。
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