等概率定理 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [děnggàilǜdìnglǐ]
等概率定理 英文
equal probability theorem
  • 等 : Ⅰ量詞1 （等級） class; grade; rank 2 （種; 類） kind; sort; type Ⅱ形容詞（程度或數量上相同） equa...
  • 概 : Ⅰ名詞1 （大略） general outline 2 （神氣） manner of carrying and conducting oneself; deportment ...
  • 率 : 率名詞（比值） rate; ratio; proportion
  • 定 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （平靜; 穩定） calm; stable 2 （已經確定的; 不改變的） fixed; settled; established Ⅱ動詞...
  • 理 : Ⅰ名詞1 （物質組織的條紋） texture; grain （in wood skin etc ） 2 （道理;事理） reason; logic; tru...
  • 概率 : [數學] probability; chance概率論 probability theory; theory of chances; 概率曲線 probability curv...
  1. Presents the energy saving principle of a frequency - controlled pump and points out the applicability of the law of similitude for centrifugal pumps and the conception of constant efficiency curves

    摘要闡述了循環水泵變頻調速的節能原理，提出離心水泵相似定律的適用性和等效率曲線概念。
  2. Stressed are the elements of this insurance, the insurability, the common contents and the insurance coverage, and the kind of benefits. probability is used to give the greatness of risk, and mathematical statistics is utilized to calculate the insurance charge. a new method is proposed to settle the insurance charge rate by the claim frequency and claim quota

    著重對建築工程保險的基本要素、可保性、一般性內容和保險項目、承保方式的選擇進行了研究，運用概率論來確定建築工程風險程度，運用數理統計理論給出了建築工程保險費的計算方法，並提出以索賠次度等級釐定保險費率的一種新方法。
  3. Following the research route of mend with study and development with creation, give the definition of risk and the methods of risk identifying, divide the risk attitude into risk loving, risk neutralism and risk avoiding, point out the importance of enhancing the risk consciousness for lightning hazard, and summarize the mechanisms of lightning hazard the theories and methods of risk assessment for lightning hazard. provide a set of risk assessment parameters for lightning hazard, which includes lightning times n, hazard probability p, hazard loss d, hazard risk r and protection efficiency e, and give the definition, decisive factor, value method and value scope of each parameter. establish a risk assessment model for lightning hazard which includes lightning hazard base module, lightning hazard probability module, lightning hazard loss module, lightning hazard accepted risk module, lightning protection cost module, correcting coefficient module, lightning hazard risk module, and lightning protection class and efficiency module

    遵循借鑒改造和發展創新的研究思路，給出了風險的定義和風險識別的方法，將風險態度分為風險喜好型、風險中庸型和風險逃避型，指出了提高雷電災害風險意識的重要性，總結了雷電災害的作用機制和雷電災害風險評估的理論與方法；提供了包括雷擊次數n 、雷災概率p 、雷災損失d 、雷災風險r和雷電防護級別與防護效率e等5類基本參數的雷電災害風險評估參數體系，並給出了各個參數的定義、參數的決定因素和取值方法以及取值范圍；設計了包括雷電災害基礎模塊、雷電災害概率評估模塊、雷電災害損失評估模塊、雷電災害允許風險評估模塊、雷電防護成本評估模塊、校正系數模塊、雷電災害風險評估模塊、雷電防護級別與效率分析模塊等8個模塊的雷電災害風險評估模型，評估模型以iec61662的評估模型為基本參考，以雷災損失d為中心，把雷災風險劃分為經濟雷災風險r _ e和人身雷災風險r _ l ，並對r _ e和r _ l分開單獨處理。
  4. The appraisal takes the ecology material, the environment material, chemistry material, the toxicology material as the foundation, through the project analysis, the source strong analysis sets a target the pollutant, distinguishes its hazardous nature, the probability, the degree, the scope which the computation risk occurs and so on, the choice appraisal end point, the use appraisal model forecast goal pollutant exposed density, the analysis risk source to the acceptor the harm degree, carries on the risk attribute

    評價以生態資料、環境資料、化學資料、毒理學資料為基礎，通過工程分析、源強分析，確定目標污染物，鑒別其危害性，計算風險發生的概率、程度、范圍等，選擇評價終點，利用評價模型預測目標污染物的暴露濃度，分析風險源對受體的危害程度，進行風險表徵。
  5. For farther research in practical status and birth mechanism of information man - oeuvre rent seeking, the thesis usees decision - making and game theory to build gamemodel, linking to character of information manoeuvre rent seeking and adding some hypothesis and parameter. use typical sampling with punish decision from security monitor committee of china, and do positive research, result shows that from those years information manoeuvre rent seekings in china have been in a high frequency state, many prescripts of < security law > have not been enforced well on checking of lawless cases, degree of punish cant hold back the information manoeuvre rent - seek - ing impulsing. at the effective monitor of stock market, not only probability of check is low, but rate of succeed is low too

    實證研究結果表明，近年來，我國證券市場的信息操縱行為處于高頻率狀態， 《證券法》的有關處罰規定在現實中沒有得到嚴格的實施，懲罰力度不足以有效遏止市場的尋租沖動，在市場有效監管上，不僅稽查的概率偏低，而且稽查的成功率也有待提高，合理改進稽查概率、稽查成功率、懲罰力度、中小投資者抗租能力等相關參數，是提高市場效率的有效途徑。
  6. The author discusses the causes of international monetary crisis. then the author reviews the mundell ’ s theory of oca and its recent development, analyzing the counter - effect of international monetary cooperation. based on these theoretical works, the author summarizes the typical viewpoint about which is the better exchange - rate regime between the fixed exchange rates and the floating exchange - rate, analyzing the recent development of the choice of exchange rate regime, such as the theory of original sin and two poles approach

    第一章從國際貨幣合作和國際經濟政策協調等概念的界定入手，探討了國際貨幣體系悖論的制度背景和國際貨幣危機產生的原因，進而闡述了蒙代爾「最優貨幣區理論」及其最新發展，分析了國際貨幣合作中的逆效等問題，並在此基礎上，總結了傳統的固定匯率制度與浮動匯率制度孰優孰劣的觀點及當前國際匯率制度選擇理論的最新成果，例如原罪論、恐懼浮動論和兩極論等。
  7. It contributes to the deeper comprehesion of these probability distributions, affords more detailed theoretical basis for further studying and simulating satellite mobile channels, ? theoretical analyses and discussions of the models which are often used in the study of the propagating characteristics of satallite mobile channels are given ; meantime, some discussions on the work of model simulations are also given, ? incorrect derivation of the equality between c. loo model and corazza model in some other papers is pointed out. via the conception of received power, we derivate that in the rural environments these two models really have the equal relationship by the way of theoretical derivation and simulatant fittings. therefore, it is able to use corazza model in studying the characteristics of satellite mobile channels in the rural environments and able to avoid the iterant work of modeling, in order to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of research work, ? detailed processes of simulating lutz model by using matlab6. 0 _ simulink4. 0 and the results of comparisions are given

    本文包含有以下的主要內容： ?對衛星移動通信通道傳播特性研究中常用的三個概率分佈給出了詳細的推導過程；以便對這幾個在衛星移動通信通道傳播特性的研究中常用的概率分佈函數有更深的理解，對進一步研究衛星移動通信通道傳播特性和對通道的建模提供了更為詳盡的理論基礎； ?對衛星移動通信通道傳播特性的研究中常用的通道模型進行了理論上的分析和討論，並對衛星移動通信通道建模的研究工作提出了一定的看法； ?指出了以前的文獻中關于c . loo模型和corazza模型的等同性的證明錯誤；並從接收信號功率的角度出發，通過理論推導及模擬曲線擬合重新證明了在鄉村環境下，這兩個模型的確是具有等同性的；從而在對鄉村環境下的衛星移動通信通道傳播特性進行研究時，可以只採用corazza模型來對實際的通道進行建模，這樣可以避免重復的建模工作並提高研究工作的效率和準確性； ?給出了lutz模型在matlab6 . 0 _ simulink4 . 0環境下的軟體模擬實現的詳細過程和整體模擬測試的對比結果，保證了該模型在硬體實現時的可靠性和可行性，從而可以將它們應用於指導模型的硬體模擬實現並可以降低硬體實現時的風險。
  8. Then, with the concept of accumulated failure probability, the proposed approach combines the least ? quares method with bayes " theorem, takes advantage of the parameter estimation for single weibull distribution to each derived subgroup data set, and estimates the parameters of each subpopulation. the estimates given by this paper also satisfy the maximum likelihood equation. the mean time to failure and the reliability estimation of the mixed population are given

    然後通過利用累積失效概率等概念，對每個導出的子組數據集聯合運用最小二乘法、貝葉斯定理和對單一威布爾分佈的參數估計法，從而得到每個子總體的滿足極大似然原理的參數估計，給出了該混合總體平均壽命和可靠度的估計。
  9. First, this paper gives an introduction of some methods of unequal probability sampling, their estimators and variance estimators, including sampling with pps with replacement, methods of sampling without replacement suggested by brewer, durbin, sampford, des raj, murthy, rao - hartley - cochran. then, at the basis of rao and bayless ' s study, we consider that population can be splited two random subpopulations, which are respectively drawn from different infinite super - populations, and compare the stabilities of estimators of the methods that given above. we find that the minor difference between two super - populations has great effect on the efficiency of the estimators for the population with moderately large coefficient of variation ( c. v. )

    本文首先從理論上介紹了若干種不等概率抽樣方法，它們的估計量、估計量的方差及其估計，其中包括有放回ppz及pps抽樣，不放回不等概率抽樣中的brewer 、 durbin 、 sampford 、 desraj ， murthy 、 rao - hartley - cochran等人的方法；其次，在rao和bayless兩人就樣本單元數n = 2的情形對上述抽樣方法進行比較的基礎上，將總體隨機地分成兩個子總體，視每個子總體取自不同的線性超總體，在文中，我們利用計算機實現隨機分組，並通過畫圖比較各方法估計量的穩定性，結果表明，對變異系數c . v . （ x ）較大的總體而言，兩個超總體之間的微小差異將對估計量的穩定性產生很大的影響，從而說明rao和bayless的比較結果還不夠完善。
  10. The living example analysis shows that the two results are not only equal according to the full probability formula and deleting truth subsets in the calculation of system reliability for mine ventilation network based on boolean manipulation and minimization algorithm in the independence minimal path sets, but also it is fewer to possess boolean manipulations in the calculation and the calculating program is simplified greatly to the method of boolean manipulation and minimization algorithm in the independence minimal path sets

    實例分析表明：採用升序排列的最小獨立路集並按不交型積之和定理予以真子集滌除的不交化處理后，不僅計算值等同於一般網路分析中用全概率公式計算的礦井通風網路系統可靠度，而且，計算工作量大為簡化。
  11. Present methods generally based on the statistics of earthquake damage, expert experiences, theory analysis and experimental researches have obvious advantages, disadvantages and certain scopes of application ; ( 2 ) different prediction methods should be adopted against different building conditions, sites, intensity and experiences etc to predict earthquake damage of buildings for prospective accuracy, dependability and availability ; ( 3 ) earthquake damage matrix, which is the foundation of earthquake damage prediction, of 7 kinds of building in the urban areas of zhangzhou city under intensity 6 to 9 has been set up. the damage conditions of different buildings under different intensity are as followings : all kinds of structures are basically intact under intensity 6 ; the reinforced concrete structures are basically intact under intensity 7, but other kinds of structures are destroyed slightly ; the reinforced concrete structures are still basically intact while other kinds of structures are destroyed intermediately under intensity 8 ; the reinforced concrete structures are destroyed slightly, single - story factories and open houses are destroyed intermediately and other kinds of structures are destroyed seriously under intensity 9 ; ( 4 ) the results of earthquake damage predicting of buildings embody the damage when earthquake happens in the future. thus, further identifications and reinforcements should be considered to buildings that will be destroyed intermediately or more under the earthquake with 10 % exceeding probability in future 50 years ; ( 5 ) the direct economic losses caused by damage of buildings resting with the area, structural type, intensity and damage of all kinds of buildings are the main part of the losses of the city in an earthquake ; ( 6 ) the direct economic losses increased progressively toward high intensity by 2 or 3 times

    基於上述研究，得出的主要結論有：建築物震害預測是一個模糊的、系統的、復雜的問題，現有的方法很多一般都是以震害統計規律、專家經驗、理論分析和試驗研究為依據，有其自身的優缺點和一定的適用范圍；應針對不同的建築物條件、場地條件、地震強度和已有經驗等，採用不同的預測方法進行建築物震害預測，以使預測結果達到預期的精確性、可靠性和可操作性；建立了漳州市區7類建築物在6度9度地震作用下的震害矩陣，成為指導抗震防災的重要依據，各類結構的震害情況表現為： 6度地震作用下各類建築物基本完好； 7度地震作用下除鋼筋混凝土結構基本完好外其餘以建築輕微破壞為主； 8度地震作用下鋼筋混凝土結構仍以基本完好為主而其餘建築以中等破壞為主； 9度地震作用下鋼筋混凝土結構以輕微破壞為主，單層工業廠房和空曠房屋以中等破壞為主，其餘建築以嚴重破壞為主；建築物的震害預測結果體現了未來地震來臨時的震害程度，在編制漳州市區抗震防災規劃時，對于遭遇50年超越概率10的地震影響發生中等以上破壞的建築物應考慮進行抗震鑒定和加固；由建築物的破壞所造成的直接經濟損失是城市地震經濟損失的主要部分，重慶大學碩士學位論文中文摘要其主要與建築物總面積、結構類型、地震烈度和各類建築物的震害程度有關;不同烈度造成的直接經濟損失按2一3倍向高烈度方向遞增，漳州市區直接經濟損失由6度至9度的比例關系為1 : 2 . 8 : 8 . 6 : 22 . 8 ;遭遇基本地震設防烈度（ 7度）時，漳州市區直接經濟損失約4 . 5億元，無家可歸人員約40000人，且以磚木結構和多層磚混結構的震害損失最大;地震造成的人員傷亡主要與建築物倒塌及嚴重破壞的程度和總面積以及震時的建築物室內人數密切相關，地震時無家可歸人員主要與住宅倒塌、嚴重破壞及中等破壞的程度和總面積以及城市人均居住面積密切相關。
  12. Based on the current research achievements on durability under chloride environment, probability theory, structural reliability theory, concrete structures theory, neural network theory and structure dynamic theory are employed comprehensively in this dissertation. some problems of durability of reinforced concrete structures under chloride environment were studied through the exploitation of experimental data, the rule of chloride ingress and steel bar corrosion, the performance of corroded member, and residual life prediction. the main issues and results in this dissertation are as follows : 1 、 the probability method for the prediction of durable life based on the stipulated reliability index for concrete structures under chloride environment is presented in this dissertation

    本論文在國內外對氯離子侵蝕環境下混凝土結構耐久性研究成果的基礎上，綜合運用概率理論、結構可靠性理論、混凝土結構理論、神經網路理論、結構動力學理論等基本理論和方法，結合實際檢測數據，按照氯離子侵蝕、鋼筋銹蝕、銹蝕構件性能、銹蝕構件壽命預測的思路對氯離子侵蝕環境下鋼筋混凝土結構耐久壽命預測的有關問題進行了深入系統地研究，完成以下主要研究工作並取得相應成果: 1 、提出了氯離子侵蝕下基於規定可靠指標的混凝土結構耐久壽命的概率計算方法。
  13. From the study results it is showed that turret hole position near the forward of the midship has less effect to the ship girder strength and it is more reasonable using probabilty statistics method to estimate the extreme value of wave bending moment, by which the first approximate value of hull midship section modulus can be determined

    研究結果表明：轉塔開孔位置在舯前附近對船體總強度影響不大；波浪彎矩極值用概率統計方法估算更為合理；船體結構剖面模數的第一近似值可用波浪彎矩設計極值等來確定。
  14. The thesis mainly recounts the detail questions about bayesian small sample theory and the important applications of the theory in engineering, and gives sufficient analyses and discussion of every step of accomplishing a precision evaluation when using small samples. in the thesis, the following issues are contained, such as how to get and denote the prior information, the consistence test of prior information and test samples of shooting range, the fusion of multi - source information, calculating of posterior probability, estimation with bayesian approach, how to constitute test evaluation project of different performance and calculate the risks of both sides are contained, and at last a kind of applied method to calculate the effectiveness is given

    論文主要敘述了有關bayes小樣本理論的一些具體問題，以及該技術在工程中的一些關鍵應用，對小樣本條件下精度鑒定的各個環節給予較充分的分析和討論，其中包括驗前信息的獲取、表示，驗前信息和靶場試驗樣本的一致性檢驗，多源信息的融合，驗后概率的計算， bayes方法在估計中的應用，試驗鑒定方案的制定，對不同戰標的評估方法和風險的計算等，最後對作戰效能的計算給出了一種工程中較實用的方法。
  15. There are three steps of the concrete process of the algorithm : initial localization, separating image and confirmation. firstly, single gaussian model is used to imitate skin - color distribution, meanwhile, skin probability images which is smoothly disposed using middle wave is calculated to attain the initial localization. secondly, in order to separate the latent face region, it uses multimodal information that includes the region growing 、 the hue and brightness 、 skin probability images etc. at last, it adopts the criterion of morphology analysis and face characteristic draw to confirm the latent region

    演算法的具體過程主要分為三個階段:人臉初定位、人臉分割和人臉確認，首先採用高斯模型來模擬膚色分佈並構造出膚色概率圖進行人臉的初定位，並對膚色概率圖採用中值濾波進行平滑處理，接著利用區域生長準則和融合色度、亮度以及膚色概率圖等多源信息相結合的方法對圖像進行分割，以達到分割出潛在臉區的目的，最後採用人臉整體形狀的確認準則和人臉特徵提取的確認準則相結合的方法對潛在臉區的最終確認。
  16. In the main theorem, we obtained the error bound between the maximum likelihood estimator and the true parameter

    使用這個不等式和概率論的方法，我們得到了參數的極大似然估計的誤差界這一主要定理
  17. Therefore, the risk source of regional water system can be confirmed, the risk degree at varies planning year and the strategic planning flames can be carried out in the future and realize sustainable social a nd economic development and water resource sustainable utility. thus the study on regional water resource risk management has theoretic and practical value. taking the capital circle region as the case study, the paper systemically studies the theories and methods of regional water resource risk management based on concerned specialty knowledge, such as systems engineering, probability theory, water resources and hydrology, fuzzy mathematics and compute mathematics

    本研究在繼承已有研究成果的基礎上，以首都圈（京、津地區）為例，綜合運用水資源工程、風險分析理論、系統工程、概率論、模糊數學、計算數學等相關專業知識，對區域水資源短缺風險管理的理論與方法進行了系統研究，本文特色在於對風險分析理論的系統化、實用化和理論聯系實際方面貢獻，主要研究內容涵蓋如下方面： （ 1 ）對水資源風險的定義進行了詳細闡述，建立了水資源系統可靠性和風險系統框架，構建並描述了水資源風險的性能指標，對水資源系統的風險屬性和風險特性等進行了分析。
  18. Based on these models, a main - road traffic flow model with two speeds on one dimension is designed. this model simulate the situation of one road in the city, traffic lights placed on the crossing, using the computer simulation, firstly, in the case of synchronized traffic lights, we investigated the velocity and flow of the model when the initial density, the turning probabilities, the number of the traffic lights, the green to signal ratio and the period of the signal are changed, then we have advanced some meliorate measure to traffic flow ; secondly, in the case of the traffic lights " signal update delay in turn, we found the optimal matching between the period of the signal and the delay time of the traffic lights so as to the perfect velocity and the flow of the model are attained

    在此基礎上，建立了一維二速主幹道模型，該模型模擬了城市交通中一條主幹道的交通情況，在交叉口處設置紅綠燈，通過計算機模擬，首先，在交通燈信號同步更新的條件下，研究模型在改變車輛的初始密度、轉向概率、交通燈個數、紅綠燈信號的綠信比、紅綠燈信號周期等各種情況下主幹道的速度、流量的變化，根據模擬結果提出一些改善交通的有效措施；其次，在交通燈信號依次延遲更新的條件下，研究模型在參數道路長、紅綠燈綠信比、交通燈個數、車輛的初始密度給定的情況下找到紅綠燈信號周期和延遲時間的最佳匹配使得主幹道的速度、流量達到最理想的值。
  19. Equivalence theorem about weak convergence of probability measures ' convolution powers on locally compact groups

    局部緊群上概率測度卷積冪弱收斂等價性定理
  20. The probability in the probability tomography method is defined with the degree of correlation or fitting in this paper. the methods of the definitions of the scan functions and the occurrence probability functions, the electric field under the tm model and the magnetic field under the te model, are given respectively. we also have brought forward the correlation probability tomography method of magnetotelluric field - derivative and the waveform function - fitting probability tomography method, and have analysed and tested these methods in the way of the selection of the setting field and the capability of noise - standing, etc with synthetic models

    本文用相關程度和擬合程度兩種概率定義方法進行概率成像，給出電磁場tm模式下的電場和te模式下的磁場概率成像方法中各自的掃描函數的定義方法和異常源的發生概率的定義原則，提出了導數場相關概率成像方法和波形函數擬合概率成像方法，並從對背景場的選擇和成像方法的抗噪性能等方面對概率成像方法進行理論分析和數值模擬實驗。
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