等發熱量線 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [děngfārèliángxiàn]
等發熱量線 英文
isocals
  • 等 : Ⅰ量詞1 （等級） class; grade; rank 2 （種; 類） kind; sort; type Ⅱ形容詞（程度或數量上相同） equa...
  • 發 : 名詞（頭發） hair
  • 量 : 量動1. （度量） measure 2. （估量） estimate; size up
  • 線 : 名詞1 （用絲、棉、金屬等製成的細長的東西） thread; string; wire 2 [數學] （一個點任意移動所構成的...
  • 熱量 : quantity of heat; heat quantity; amount of heat熱量測量 calorimetry; 熱量單位 thermal unit; heat ...
  1. The electronic temperature, intensities of all lines and continuous spectra gradually increased with the increment of laser energy, and they got to maximum at different laser energy. our results of copper and aluminum show that there are possibly different thresholds of laser energy to electronic temperature and intensities of emission spectra of laser ablated plasma. at the different environmental gas pressure, spatial emission intensity distribution is explained by the competition among " heat reservoir effect ", " confined effect " and " s hadow effect "

    認為cu等離子體羽的發光機制是由電子與粒子的碰撞傳能、電子與離子的復合形成的；隨激光能量的增加， cu等離子體特徵輻射（分立譜） 、連續背景輻射（連續譜） 、電子溫度都出現最大值；結合對al的實驗結果說明：激光燒蝕金屬產生的等離子體，其特徵輻射、連續輻射、電子溫度可能都存在一定的能量閾值；背景氣壓對激光燒蝕等離子體譜線的影響，其機理可以認為是「熱庫效應」 、 「約束效應」及「陰影效應」相互競爭的綜合結果。
  2. ( 2 ) the emission spectra of laser ablation metal copper plasma were measured. the detailed mechanism of plume emission of cu plasma was qualitatively explained using a simple model based on excitation of atom and ion in plume arising from inelastic collision between the elemental species and electron with high kinetic energy. under the local thermal equilibrium model, the electronic temperature of copper plasma was deduced to be in the 104 scale by its emission lines

    （ 2 ） cu等離子體光譜：在420 570nm波長范圍內觀測了激光燒蝕cu等離子體的光譜和各發射譜線在等離子體中的空間分佈；比較了激光能量對cu等離子體發射光譜、電子溫度的影響；用局部熱力學平衡（ lte ）近似，測得cu等離子體的電子溫度為104k數量級；在不同背景氣壓下，觀測了激光燒蝕cu等離子體光譜的空間分佈。
  3. The polyester fibre of resisting bacterium is one without which people can t live in modern times, but how to restrain the bacterium propagating excessively and keep people in health is a most important goal that fabrics and clothing industry are striving for. fibre of resisting bacterium can kill the bacterium effectively with the ratio of more than 99 % and it can restrain microbes. the polyester fibre of resisting ultraviolet radiation is also widely used. with the decreasing of ozonospheres in the atmosphere, there are more ultraviolet radiation in the sunlight which do harm to our skin, especially for those men working outdoors, it is more important to think about the way to lessen the harm. the polyester of burning - resisting has attracted more attention at home and abroad and burning - resisting textiles has been advanced definitely by law in many countries. our nation has also made strict claims in some special areas, such as fabrics in vehiciles and vessels, decorative fabrics in hotels. the everlasting burning - resisting fibres and textiles are badly needed. infrared ray fibre is also a new functional one that can absorb and reflect infrared ray after being processed physically. it s functions include physical therapy wet - ejecting and bacterium - restraining. this warm - preserving material can absorb the emitting heat from our bodies, at the same time it can also absorb and reflect the needed 4 - 14 urn wavelength ultraviolet radiation and accelerate netaboiism. fibre of resisting infrared ray is important in military areas

    抗菌纖維具有永久的抗菌性，對金黃色葡萄球菌、大腸桿菌殺菌率大於99 ，能有效抑制細菌繁殖，起到抗菌防臭作用；抗紫外線聚酯纖維的用途也是異常廣泛的，隨著大氣層中臭氧層的日漸稀薄，日光中的紫外線日益增加，對人體皮膚形成極大危害，尤其對于長期從事野外工作的人，因此設法減少紫外線對人體的傷害顯得尤為重要；阻燃聚酯纖維則是一種倍受國內外人士密切關注的纖維，紡織品阻燃在許多國家已有明確法令規定，我國也逐漸在某些特殊使用范圍做嚴格要求，如車船內用紡織品，高級賓館的內裝飾織物等，而且具持久性阻燃性的纖維和織物是現在更為需要的，真可謂用途非常廣泛；遠紅外纖維也是一種經過物理改性后具有吸收並反射遠紅外線的新型功能性纖維，是一種具有優良理療功能、熱效應功能和排濕透氣抑菌功能的新型紡織材料及保溫材料，能吸收人體自身向外散發的熱量，吸收並反射回人體最需要的4 14 m波長的遠紅外線，促進人體的新陳代謝；抗紅外線纖維，則在軍事上有著重要的作用。
  4. In this paper, thermal evolution history of organic matter of the source rocks and hydrocarbon generation history have been researched by tti method, hydrocarbon migration direction and migration times were probed combining with the area structure development feature ; distribution pattern of the main reservoir intervals on lateral and longitudinal have been predicted by researching on development feature and control factors of the reservoir intervals, the actions of reservoir conditions in hydrocarbon accumulation and bearing also were probed combining with pore evolution feature ; the micro - pore feature of regional cap and direct seal in carboniferous - lower triassic in this area have been determined with micro - capillary pressure curve and intrusive mercury curve ; the prospecting districts have been pointed out combining with the hydro - geologic feature, the potential reservoirs were classified according to trap types in this area, the author attempt to evaluate on the hydrocarbon - bearing condition in the str ata of carboniferous ~ lower triassic from hydrocarbon generation and migration reservoir condition, reserved condition etc, and predict the reservoir types and hydrocarbon - bearing patterns combining with the structure evolution. based on above, the author point out that the central block of chenghu - tuditang synclinorium and the southern block of dangyang synclinorium are the advantageous regions for exploration

    本文用tti方法研究了烴源巖有機質的熱演化史和油氣生成史，並結合區內構造發育特徵，探討油氣在區域上的運移方向和在時間上的運移期次；通過對儲集層段的發育特徵和控制因素的研究，預測了本區主要的儲集層段在橫向上和縱向上的分佈規律，並結合孔隙演化特徵，探討儲集條件在油氣聚集成藏中的作用；利用微毛細管壓力曲線法和壓汞法，對石炭系?下三疊統的區域蓋層和直接蓋層的微孔隙特徵進行了定量評價，並結合水文地質分佈特徵，指出有利於油氣保存的地區；根據區內存在的各種圈閉類型，對可能存在的油氣藏進行了分類，並試圖從油氣的生成與運移、儲集條件、保存條件等方面，動態地綜合評價石炭系?下三疊統油氣成藏條件，並結合構造演化特徵，預測其油氣藏類型和成藏模式。
  5. Qishuyan locomotive & rolling stock works, situated in changzhou city, jiangsu province and founded in 1905, covers an area of 1, 760, 000 square meters, owns 4, 500 unitssets of various mechanical equipment, and possesses a comprehensive production capability of forging & casting, machining, riveting & welding, heat treatment, tooling & patterns and sophisticated measures for physical & chemical tests, metrological measurements & inspection. it is an important base for manufacturing artery dedicated diesel engine locomotives, freight wagous, heavy duty diesel engines and railway components, which have won the credit and trust from customers by their excellent quality and outsanding aftersales service and enjoy good sales throughout the country and in countries in europe and america

    公司介紹：戚墅堰機車車輛廠地處經濟發達、科技進步、風景秀麗、人傑地靈的江蘇省常州市，創建於1905年，佔地176萬平方米，擁有各類機器設備4500臺，具有鍛鑄、機加工、鉚焊、熱處理、工裝模具等綜合生產能力，以及齊全的理化試驗、計量和檢測手段，是我國鐵路干線內燃機車、貨車、大功率柴油機和鐵路配件的重要生產基地，以優質的產品和優良的服務羸得客戶信賴，產品銷售遍及全國並遠銷至歐美等國際市場。
  6. Observation of the on - off sequencing of characteristic spectral lines from tracer materials arranged in layers in, or surface patterns on, planar or spherical targets can provide a record of radial or lateral energy transport processes in laser - generated plasmas

    測量激光聚變靶產生的軟x射線時間變化連續譜的形狀，可以知道許多x射線產生過程的詳細動態記錄，這有助於理解實驗的熱學條件。觀察軌跡特徵譜線的閉合序列，能提供關于激光等離子體激發能量和滯后能量的傳輸過程記錄。
  7. Aiming at such problems in combustion system of homemade middle and miniature boiler, as a complex system with the character of dead zone, time variation, serious non - linearity, large time delay, coupling and a lot of disturbance, this paper presents a new set of optimal control resources. by using well - matched control method on system, stable automatic running is realized. having the serious divulgence coals difference a lot from each other in character, instability of chemistry, value of lowest emission of heat, home - made boiler controller is not at all ideal. instead of traditional model that controls the ratio based on proportional control or with the correct signal of the amount of oxygen, this paper, combined with intellect control theory - - fuzzy control and self - optimizing concept, propounded a kind of fuzzy self - optimizing controller to be used in air supplying system of the boiler, and expatiates on the idea of dividing the control process into two parts, dynamic and static to realize, thus meets the demand of homemade boiler economic running

    本設計針對國產中、小型電站鍋爐燃燒系統參數時變、嚴重非線性、干擾因素復雜、耦合嚴重、模型不易確定的特點，提出多變量協調控制方案，解決了系統可控性差，難以實現穩定自動運行的問題；在此基礎上，改變以往以煙氣含氧量控制送風的傳統模式，針對國產電站鍋爐設備主體及一、二次送風迴路泄露嚴重，煤種混雜、成分不穩定、燃燒發熱值低、燃燒效率不高等問題，應用智能控制理論中的模糊控制技術，結合自尋最優控制的思想，設計了一種模糊自尋優控制器，應用在電站鍋爐送風控制系統上，並闡述了動靜態兩種實現途徑，通過在線優化風煤配比，實現最佳經濟燃燒，切實保障了鍋爐的經濟運行。
  8. To this area precipitation materials for many years, evaporate materials, surface flow materials, hydrometeorological materials, hydrogeological materials carry on exhaustive analysis, have analysed the state of water resource of the sand district, proceed from the heat of the earth ' s surface is balanced, water yield balanced basic theories, combine the amount of regional water resource set up of the materials, such as scene, hydrology, soil of the sand district, etc. and estimate models, have calculated the surface water, groundwater of this area, has carried on models to examine according to the real data, and has predicted to the state of water resource under different climate change scenes of future that analyse. have put forward the scheme that the water resource in this area utilized rationally, use the non - linear motive force model to predict the precipitation, utilize the materials of actual observation, the natural supply amount of calculating out groundwater of sand ground of balanced principle of the amount of water used at the same time, and can exploiting amount predict to groundwater, district of sand,

    本文以寧夏半乾旱地區鹽池縣沙地水資源為研究對象，對該地區多年降水資料、蒸發資料、徑流資料、水文氣象資料、水文地質資料進行了詳盡的分析，分析了沙區的水資源狀況，從地表熱量平衡、水量平衡的基本理論出發，結合沙區的氣象、水文、土壤等資料建立了區域水資源量估算模型，計算了該地區的地表水、地下水，根據實際資料進行了模型檢驗，並對未來不同氣候變化情景下的水資源狀況進行了預測分析，提出了該地區水資源合理利用的方案，運用非線性動力模型對降水量進行預測，同時利用實際觀測資料，運用水量平衡原理計算出沙地地下水的天然補給量，並對沙區地下水可開采量進行預測。
  9. The results indicated that the dimension, shape and purity of base material could meet the functional demand of solid lubricant ; the thermal decomposition temperature of ptfe resin exceeds 400 c, but organic and inorganic packing filler added in ptfe made the water absorption rate of composite material increased, melting temperature and decomposition temperature decreased, in the meanwhile oxidative decomposition reaction was accompanied ; polar groups such as c = o, c - o - c and so on in the carbon fiber surface is advantageous to increase compatibility with other components and interlayer shearing strength ; uniform design experimental method could help to find the relationship between formula and frictional property by relatively small tests. the developing trend of each formula ' s friction coefficient could be showed by fitting curve ; the friction coefficient with no copper powder or graphite in formula was relatively big. this fact showed that copper powder and graphite should be used cooperatively ; it was found that when the ratio of copper powder to graphite by weight is 15 : 60, 30 : 30 - 40 and 60 : 15 - 30 respectively, the friction coefficient was relatively small. the degree of crystallinity of pure ptfe reached maximum by air cooling and the abrasion loss also reached maximum among three ones ; at the same time, the abrasion loss of solid lubricant sample was also the biggest among three ones ; when solid lubricant matched with 45 # steel axle or gcrl5 steel axle, lubricant transfer film could be formed on metal surface, thus direct contact between the surface of metal friction pair rings was reduced. their working life was elongated extremely ; there was mainly much graphite, a little ptff, moo3, feso4, cus and so on in lubricant transfer film

    試驗結果表明：所選原料的尺寸、形狀及純度可滿足固體潤滑劑的性能要求；聚四氟乙烯樹脂熱分解溫度超過400 ，但在ptfe中加入無機填料會使復合材料吸水率提高，熔融溫度及分解溫度降低，且伴有氧化分解反應；碳纖維表面含有c = o及c - o - c等極性基團，有利於提高其與其它組分的相容性，提高層間剪切強度；均勻設計試驗方法能夠用較少的試驗次數找出配方與摩擦性能間的關系，擬合曲線基本能表示各配方的摩擦系數發展趨勢；配方中不加銅粉或不加石墨，其摩擦系數均較高，說明銅粉和石墨應該配合使用；當銅粉15份、石墨60份時，銅粉30份、石墨30 - 40份時，銅粉60 、石墨15 - 30份時，摩擦系數均具有較低值；純聚四氟乙烯樹脂在空氣冷卻時結晶度最大，磨損量也是三者中最大的；同時，固體潤滑劑試樣在空氣冷卻時的磨損量也是三者中最大的：不論是固體潤滑劑與45 #鋼軸配副或是固體潤滑劑鑲嵌入銅套后與gcr15鋼軸配副，在金屬表面均可形成潤滑轉移膜，從而減少金屬摩擦副表面間的直接接觸，大大延長其使用壽命;轉移膜中主要含有較多的石墨、少量聚四氟乙烯、 moo 。
  10. In this paper, the multifactors - electrical, thermal, cool and thermal circulation of accelerating ageing experiment based on the stator bar of 220mw turbine generator has been conducted in the laboratory. the results of the experiment show that there has not fixed rule between maximum pd quantity and insulation, but the increasing of maximum pd grads increase along with ageing time of insulation

    本論文通過對220mw的汽輪發電機真機線棒進行電、熱、冷熱循環等多因子老化試驗，發現局部放電的最大放電量與絕緣老化時間之間沒有固定的規律可尋，而最大放電量的梯度隨絕緣老化時間的增大而增大。
  11. The first part mainly introduces the gis concept and contents of gis, the comparison between the related software and gis, the present condition and development trend of gis etc, then introduced how to use the gis technique in a specific way such as using the method of " the half - automatic to follow " to turn the map into arithmetic figure, using the method of " the automatic calculates " gets the length of the line and area of field etc, at last got the length and width of every cross section of the fabiela river which is located downstream of xiangshan mountain. this method is superior and time - saving comparing with collecting data on the spot, having important and actual application worth

    第一部分主要介紹了gis的概念和研究內容， gis與相關軟體的比較以及gis的現狀、發展趨勢、當前gis研究的熱點等等，然後具體介紹了用gis的相關技術如：用「半自動跟蹤」方法對地圖進行數字化，用「自動量算」方法得到線對象的長度、面對象的面積等，最終完成了象山水庫下游法別拉河河道地形數據資料的提取工作，這種方法與人工實地採集工作相比，有較強的優越性和重要的實際應用價值。
  12. Aim : to analyze the mechanism, thermadynamic theoretical basis, dynamic mechanism and influencing factors of thermally induced phase separation ( tips ) in order to completely grasp the factors affecting the size, distribution and form of pores, so that the adjusted range of pore can be widened and the preparation of porous membrane can be repeated and controlled. methods : considering from the structural characteristics of tissue engineered materials, the methods of preparing porous membrane using tips technique, the hermadynamic theoretical basis, dynamic mechanism and influencing factors were analyzed, the problems and investigative directions in the future were also analyzed. tips technique is a process of phase separation of polymer homogenous solution under quenching, and it is suitable for diameter and structural form of the micropore materials prepared using tips are closely correlated with the kind and dispensing proportion of polymer attrnuant, polymer concentration and polymer molecular mass, etc. conducted, including determination of polymer - solvent system phase diagram, study of form and appearance of porous membrane of different thickness, study of form and appearance of porous membrane prepared with systems of different x, which is the parameter of polymer - solvent interaction

    目的:分析熱致相分離成膜過程的機理、熱力學理論基礎、動力學機制以及影響因素，以便充分掌握影響孔度大小、分佈、形態的因素，使孔度調控范圍得以拓寬，使多孔膜的制備能重復可控.方法:從組織工程材料結構特點出發，分析熱致相分離聚合物多孔膜的制備方法及該法成膜的熱力學理論基礎、動力學機制以及影響因素.並分析實驗中存在的問題及今後的研究方向.結果:以熱致相分離法可制備聚合物多孔膜.熱致相分離法制備多孔膜是高聚物均相溶液在淬冷條件下發生相分離的過程，它適用於上臨界共溶溫度型聚合物一稀釋劑二元體系.熱致相分離法成膜的過程，可以認為是旋節線機理佔主導地位.熱致相分離法制備的微孔材料，其孔隙率、孔徑大小、結構形態與聚合物稀釋劑的種類、組成配比、聚合物濃度、聚合物分子量等因素密切相關.結論:可採用熱致相分離技術制備多孔膜，通過改變不同的成膜條件可獲得一系列不同孔徑尺寸和孔徑分佈的多孔膜材料.對熱致相分離成膜過程中聚合物-溶劑體系的相圖測定，不同厚度的多孔膜形貌研究，不同x （聚合物-溶劑相互作用參數）體系所制備的多孔膜形貌等需深人研究
  13. We are quipped with all kind of advanced equipments, which include water heating unit ; water de - ionizer ; filtration, cooling, liquid circulation systems ; advanced paint heat cure ovens, etc

    有熱水裝置，去離子水發生器，超濾裝置，冷卻裝置，直流電源，各種液體循環系統，漆膜固化烘道等輔助設備，為生產線提供工藝配套。整體設備復雜、技術含量高，工藝先進。
  14. This paper involves the refrigeration principle and technology, the thermodynamics principle, the exergy analyses principle and its applications, the sensor principle and its applications, the microcomputer testing technique, the auxiliary engine of the ship etc. at the same time, to realize the measuring of cold store running parameters so that the main equipment of this system can run safely and reliably, measuring points are disposed at inlet and outlet of main devices, and computer detecting technology is used to measure the real time data at every point

    內容涉及到製冷原理與技術，熱力學原理，火用分析原理及應用，傳感器原理與應用，微型計算機檢測技術，船舶輔機等諸多方面的知識。同時，為了實現對冷庫系統運行參數的全程檢測，以利於系統主要設備的安全可靠運行。在系統的主要設備進出口均布置了測量點，同時利用計算機檢測技術對各測量點數據進行在線檢測，檢測軟體是基於魯班組態軟體平臺而開發的，可以實時動態顯示檢測數據及數據的趨勢圖，還可以完整保存歷史數據，以利於分析系統常年運行工況，進一步制定改進措施。
  15. Such satellites could be useful, for instance, in uncovering a tank hidden by a camouflage net, because infrared imaging would detect the heat coming from the engine

    這種衛星在尋找偽裝網下的坦克等目標時可能很有用，因為紅外線成像可以捕捉到坦克發動機散發的熱量。
  16. We hold the 40 advanced italian arrow - shaft looms and a 180 printing and dyeing producing line, and we successfully developed the special fabric as followed : flame retardant, flameproof and heat - insulation series, anti - static series, oil resistance and water repellency series, acid and basic resistance series, radiation protection series, dustproof and soil release series, anti - bacteria and odor proof series, without formaldehyde and permanent press series, etc. the features and technical index of our products have reached or exceeded national standard, and that these all have been tested, authenticated and certificated by the national supervising and inspecting center for labour protection articles and shaanxi supervising and inspecting center for textiles quality

    在經營常規面料的基礎上，努力致力於新產品的研發推廣和應用，公司以控股形式擁有義大利劍桿織布機40臺， 180印染加工生產線一條，現已開發出：阻燃防火隔熱系列抗靜電系列抗油拒水系列防酸堿系列防電磁波輻射系列防塵易去污系列抗菌防臭系列無甲醛免燙系列等。產品的性能指標均已達到或優于國家標準，並由國家勞動保護用品監督檢驗中心和陜西省紡織品質量監督檢驗中心測試鑒定認可。
  17. 2 ) based on the application of the bond graph, analyze the characters of engine, motor, battery and vehicle, uniform the electric power, heat power and mechanical power into the same mathematic model in order to alter the types and parameters of hybrid electric vehicle in convenience. 3 ) the system based on the bond system can also simulate in different direction

    2 ）根據鍵合圖理論，進行了發動機、電機、電池與車輛的鍵合圖分析，採用能量流將電、熱、機械能量統一在一個數學模型中，隨著混合動力電動汽車不同的布置形式，可以方便、靈活地更改系統構成與元件參數與特性（如非線性、間隙等） 。
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