節制資本 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [jiézhìzīběn]
節制資本 英文
regulation of capital
  • 節 : 節構詞成分。
  • 制 : Ⅰ動詞1 （製造） make; manufacture 2 （擬訂; 規定） draw up; establish 3 （用強力約束; 限定; 管束...
  • 資 : Ⅰ名詞1 （錢財; 費用） money; wealth; expenses 2 （資質） intelligence; endowment 3 （資格） quali...
  • 本 : i 名詞1 （草木的莖或根）stem or root of plants 2 （事物的根源）foundation; origin; basis 3 （本錢...
  • 節制 : 1 （限制; 控制） control; check; be moderate in 2 （指揮管轄） command; direct; control 3 （克制...
  • 資本 : 1 （經營工商業的本錢） capital 2 （牟取利益的憑借） what is capitalized on; sth used to one s own...
  1. Secondly, the paper brings out problems which are need to be solved as emphases by analyzing objectively the plant ' s cost control actuality, the existing problems and its reasons. the analysis indicates that because of high dependence on planned economy, exterior factors seriously restricting the reasonable price of fuel, the electrovalence being made by exterior, the deficiency of its interior mechanism and the big random of cost control, the enthusiasm that the plant manages and controls cost independently is badly hurt. thirdly, aiming at these leading problems, applying the present cost control theory and the main cost control methods of electricity enterprises both home and abroad, the paper designs and evaluates its cost control project at these aspects of productive technology, management, logistic control, financial management and the manpower cost, and lodges corresponding cost control project of every tache

    論文首先對當今國內外成本控制理論研究現狀和應用現狀進行了分析，包括成本性態分析、成本控制內容分析及成本控製程序與方法的分析，為論文研究打好了理論基礎；其次客觀全面地分析了永昌電廠成本控制的現狀和存在問題及其產生原因，其中包括計劃經濟色彩濃厚、外部因素嚴重製約燃料成本的合理配比、電價確定權在外，它嚴重挫傷企業成本管理與控制的自主積極性，也包括企業內部機制不全、成本控制的隨意性大等問題，這為本論文提出了需要重點解決的問題；然後針對永昌電廠在成本控制方面存在的主要問題，應用當今國內外成本控制的主要理論和發電企業成本控制主要方法，從生產技術、生產管理、物流控制、資金管理及人工成本等方面對永昌電廠成本控制方案進行了相對全面的設計和評價，提出相關環節的成本控制方案。
  2. Purpose of jitc : under the principle of transparency, fairness, integrity, depending on high level resource and high efficient operation system, jitc provides high - quality tendering service to save fund and improve procure - ment quality for our customers

    本單位宗旨是；堅持公開、公平、公正的原則，以高品質的資源優勢和高效率的運作機制，為顧客節約資金提高采購質量提供優質服務。
  3. The labor force resource in our country is abundant, the low cost of which is the source of competition advantage of our county ' s citrus. the system of popularizing research results can not fit in with the needs of the production. means of production at low price is beneficial to the reduction of production costs

    ， .互旦甲-里里旦旦體系和生產的要求脫節，成果轉化緩慢;從農業生產資料的提供來看，低價格的農業生產資料提供有利於柑橘生產成本的降低，所以保證重要農資價格不過快增長對我國柑橘國際競爭力有利;其它方面來看，資本和基礎設施仍是我國柑橘國際競爭力提高的制約因素。
  4. Part iii will analyze roughly the inherent defects in the independent director system brought about by the subjective and objective restrictions on the independence of a director. the main part of the thesis will be part iv - independent director system in china and part v - several thoughts on improving independent director system in china, to which the author has given her priority and preference. in these two parts, general discussions have been made on the emergency and necessity of introducing and establishing the independent director system in china, detailed discussions have been made on how legislation, implementation of laws, and supervision over the company activities can make sure that after its introduction and establishment, the independent director system can play its function and role properly in such a market economy as in our country and finally move forward the perfection of corporate governance of listed companies in our country to adapt our security market more to the opening to the outside world, to meet the challenge of wto and the needs to enter the international capital market, and to promote the fast and healthy development of our socialism market economy

    第一和第二部分詳細介紹了這一制度的產生背景、淵源及在世界范圍內的發展概況，獨立董事的地位和作用（尤其是著重剖析、介紹了其法律功能和選聘程序） ；第三部分簡要分析了董事獨立性的主客觀限制為這一制度帶來的固有缺陷；作為本文主要部分的第四部分「獨立董事制度在中國」和第五部分「對完善我國獨立董事制度的幾點思考」 ，是筆者用墨最多的一處，其中，除了泛泛而談在我國引入和建立這一制度的必要性和緊迫性以外，更多的是提出了如何從立法、執行和監管等環節確保這一好的制度能在引入和建立后，結合我國現有市場經濟的特點，真正發揮其應有的功效和作用，以最終達到推動我國上市公司治理結構完善，適應證券市場對外開放，迎接wto挑戰和進入國際資本市場融資的需要，促進我國社會主義市場經濟的快速健康發展。
  5. According to the definition and considering our country ' s special condition, the article points out that the key to realize the model of sustainable development is to build up a positive < wp = 8 > relationship between economy and population 、 resource and environment, so we take the model that remedy and develop at the same time when carrying out the strategy of sustainable development. according to this, in order to promote the sustainable development strategy, we should consummate our tax policies from four aspects as follow : firstly, set a just and effective tax system when distribute resources and regulate economy, by this way, we can promote the adjustment of industries, and improve the efficiency of resource arrangement ; secondly, set a relative tax system targets to promote the research of science and technology ; thirdly, design a series of tax policies targets to protect environment, and consummate our tax system in resource protecting ; lastly, consummate the related tax policies in improving citizen ' s comprehensive capability and social insurance

    鑒於此，我國的稅收政策也應從以下四個方面著手完善，以促進可持續發展：建立公平、有效的稅收分配和調控機制，促進產業結構調整，提高資源配置；建立以環境保護為目標的環境稅收政策，完善以資源保護為目標的資源稅收體系；完善稅收政策在促進人口素質提高及社會保障方面的措施。基於以上認識，本文進而對我國稅收政策在促進可持續發展戰略中的現狀作< wp = 6 >了分析，具體分析了我國稅收政策在促進科技進步，經濟結構調整，節約資源與保護環境等方面的作用與不足。我國現有的稅收政策在促進可持續發展戰略方面已發揮了巨大作用，對科技進步給予了越來越多的關注，對包括軟體行業在內的高新技術產業實施了各種稅收優惠措施；通過稅收政策有效調整了產業組織結構，促進了產業結構升級換代；通過各種稅費措施，對節約利用資源和保護環境都起到了積極的作用。
  6. Its main value depends on the teachers and students, whose diligence and wiliness is relation to title evaluation system. the just, fair open title evaluation contributes to the present human capital ' s efficiency. but now, the system has many problems and leaks

    公正、公平、公開的職稱評定製度有助於現存的人力資本的高效使用，而目前，現行職稱評定存在著諸多問題與漏洞，一些環節還很不合理與完善，激勵機制不到位。
  7. The basic structure of the dissertation and the introduction of the chapters the dissertation consists of seven chapters, besides chapter 1 as an introduction and chapter 7 as a summary, chapter 2 - 6 are the main body of the dissertation, in which chapter 2 studies the industrial trait of investment, chapter 3 examines the institutional trait of industrial investment, chapter 4 investigates the determinate factor of investment flow in china ’ s industries of the industry in economy transition, chapter 5 examines the effects of changes of financing channels in transition economy, chapter 6 study the stock adjustment of capital

    一、論文基本結構及章節簡介本論文一共由七章組成，除作為導言的第1章和作為總結的第7章之外，第2章到第6章是本論文的主體。所以，論文在一個導言的導引下，分五個章節對轉軌經濟的產業投資進行詳細的論述，最後一章對各章節研究進行結論性評述作為結束。其中，第2章研究是投資的產業屬性、第3章研究的是產業投資的制度性質、第4章研究投資的流向及流量決定因素、第5章研究的是產業投資融資渠道變化的效應、第6章研究的是產業存量資產調整。
  8. The paper embodied with fact of hengxin corporation, and focus on the proplem of material purchasing. applying modern theories and means of supply chain administration and logistics administration, through reorgnizing material purchasing management and procedure. through authenticating supplior, we have established the evaluation procedure of supplior to strengthen the management of supplior, and applying computer technology and network technology, and realized electronics, information and centrality of purchasing administration, thus, production is guaranteed, purchasing cost is decreased and market competitive ability is improved. parts of contents and ideas in this paper have been applied in hengxin corporation and preliminary fruits have been gained

    本課題結合大連恆新零部件製造公司（以下簡稱恆新公司）的實際情況，針對恆新公司物資采購管理方面存在的問題，通過研究現代物流與供應鏈管理等先進的管理思想和方法，對恆新公司物資采購組織和機制以及采購流程進行重組，同時對供應商進行認證和管理，建立供應商評審程序及招標采購制度，加強對供應商的管理，並應用計算機技術及網路技術，建立基於供應鏈的恆新公司物流管理信息系統，力圖在管理的力度和深度上真正解決該公司物資采購問題，從而節約成本、提高效益、保證質量、提高企業的管理水平和市場競爭力。
  9. For solving these problems, it is necessary to innovate consumption mode according to the influence factors that is science and technology, regime, value concept and the basic principles of sustainable consumption, changing the group consumption mode by using electronic government and the duty - consumption monetarization, setting up marxism happy view to form the sustainable consumption concept which instructs citizen to choose the sustainable consumption modes that are the circular consumption mode and the green consumption mode

    要解決這些問題，必須按照消費方式的影響因素即科學技術、制度、價值觀念和可持續消費的基本原則要求的變革方向即科學、文明、節約資源、保護環境，利用電子政務和職務消費貨幣化來轉變集團消費方式，樹立馬克思主義幸福觀，形成可持續的消費觀念，指導居民選擇可持續的消費方式即循環消費方式和綠色消費方式。
  10. The financial internationalization will enlarge the volume of choice institutions for our financial reform, which will decrease the research cost, the friction cost and the time of setup and optimization of chinese capital market ' s institution system

    金融國際化可以擴大我們的「備選制度」集合，學習和借鑒國外先進有效的制度安排，可以大大降低我國資本市場制度和完善過程的研究費用，減少新制度安排運行中的摩擦和損失，節省時間進而縮短我國資本市場的制度進化周期。
  11. The first part analyzes the relationship between venture capital financing and venture capital financing system in a demonstrative way and points out that venture capital financing system is the core that affects venture capital financing issue

    第一部分從實證的角度對風險資本融資與風險資本融資制度的關聯關系進行了定性分析，指出風險資本融資制度是影響風險資本融資來源、規模的核心要素，是規范投資者與風險投資機構之間合作與競爭方式的關鍵環節。
  12. In the present circumstances where, with capital account controls, the pboc is the main market maker in the foreign exchange market, the task is a relatively simple one

    在資本帳管制下，現時人行在外匯市場擔任主要的市場莊家，要調節匯率較為容易。
  13. The third part proves that : if the stuff ' s level of effort a is observable, then ( 1 ), and explains how to establish the optimum contract under the condition of symmetry information and the characters which optimum contract should have. the fourth part proves : if the stuff ' s level of effort a is n ' t observable, then explains how to establish the optimum contract under the condition of non - symmetry information and the characters which optimum contract should have, gives the reward and punishment measures that the enterprise should take on the employees. the fifth part analyses the influence on the motivation contract form other observable variables such as y, which is irrelevant to the stuff ' s level of effort a by establishing linear contracts s ( m, y ) = a + ( 3 ( m + yy ), proves if cov ( m, y ) ^ 0, then we can decrease the agent costs and enhance the accuracy of motivation by putting y into the contract

    第一節通過對經典的馬爾可夫轉移矩陣的分析，指出了其不具有應用的完備性，並對模型進行了改進；第二節建立了企業基於人力資本理論的人才競爭策略的分析框架；第三節證明了若員工的努力水平a可觀測，則有（ 1 ） ， （ 2 ） ，從而說明了對稱信息條件下最優合同應如何制定以及最優合同應具備的特徵；第四節證明了若員工的努力水平a不可觀測，則有（ 1 ） ， （ 2 ）從而說明了非對稱信息條件下最優激勵合同應如何制定以及最優激勵合同應具備的特徵，給出了企業獎懲員工的措施；第五節通過建立線性合同s （ m ， y ） = + （ m + y ） ，分析了與員工努力水平a無關的其他可觀測變量y對激勵合同的影響，證明了當cov （ m ， y ） 0時，將y寫入激勵合同可減少代理成本，也更能提高激勵的準確性；第六節討論人力資本股份化方法，並給出了一種基於人力資本股權化思想企業對利潤的分配模型。
  14. Article 1 ( objectives and basis ) : these measures are formulated in accordance with relevant laws and regulations for the purpose of regulating the conceptual design bidding activities of medium - to - large construction projects, ensuring the quality of such designs, promoting fair and orderly competition and making efficient use of social resources

    第一條（目的和依據） ：為規范大中型建築工程項目方案設計招投標活動，確保建築工程項目方案設計質量，體現公平有序競爭，節約社會資源，根據相關法律、法規規定，制定本辦法。
  15. Besides that, i made use of some data to analyse the effects of the investments strategies on the investors in the united states. in the third part, i tried to probe into how to establish an efficient capital gains taxation in our country. i firstly analysed the capital gains markets and the sources of capital gains in china, then i put forward some proposals about the design of capital gains and some key problems in conceiving capital gams taxation in china

    在理論層面上，通過假設的資本市場和資本利得稅制體系來對投資者可能運用到的各種投資策略進行分析，分析中按照投資者相對更關注的資本利得稅制中的關節點為基礎將投資策略分為「鎖入策略」 ， 「立即實現」策略， 「舉債策略」 ， 「損失結轉策略」 ，並對各個策略進行了模型化分析。
  16. The paper points out that talent personnel, system, capital, and government functions are the important aspects of carrying out the strategic objective of dstdz, frames the strategic development schedules of dstdz, that is introducing well maturated high tech enterprise from nation and abroad, building infrastructure area by area, realizing the accumulation of the first cost and congregation of the industry resource, forming the zone development in good circulation, and accomplishing the building task at the beginning of establishing dstdz on the basis of establishment of high tech industry park and the incubator of science and technology enterprise

    本文從人才、機制、資金、政府職能等四個方面指出了貫徹實施德陽高科技園戰略目標的重要環節，為德陽科技園的發展制訂了戰略步驟：引入國內外比較成熟的高新技術企業，逐片開展基礎設施建設，在初步形成高新技術工業園區和科技企業孵化器的基礎上，實現原始資本的積累和產業資源的聚集，形成科技園區發展的良性循環，完成科技園區初始建設時期的任務。
  17. As to project management of construction, the key to improve construction speed and shorten time limit for a project lie in rational disposition and utilize of resource ; factor influencing project quality a lot of, the key lie in the management of quality control point to construct course ; the most effective way of reduce expenses is raise working efficiency ; safety management as administrator is the attitude toward work and people in fact

    對施工項目管理而言，提高施工進度、縮短工期的關鍵在於資源的合理配置和利用；影響工程質量的因素很多，關鍵在於對施工過程中質量控制點的管理；節約成本的最有效途徑是提高工作效率；而安全管理實際上就是作為管理者，對工作、對人的態度問題。
  18. Practices of venture capital in china have shown : 1 ) venture capital industrial is lack of fund, fine system, preferential polices and laws, medium - organization and the capital market such as ipo ( initial public offering ) and the second - board share market where investors can sale the shares. that is to say, the development of venture capital industrial in china lacks of preferential macro - scope environment. so the unfit government behavior is the mam restrictive factor. 2 ) venture capital industrial is wholly controlled and practiced by the government, which is the main investor of venture capital organization, while there is not outstanding achievement both theory and practice have shown : venture capital industrial will not succeed if government is the main investor for a long time

    具體體現為： （ 1 ）相當多的風險投資機構運作困難，效益低下，大多數都違背了設立的初衷； （ 2 ）風險投資資金缺乏，來源單一，總量不足； （ 3 ）風險投資者的利益得不到保護，導致投資者積極性不高，加劇了風險資本的匱乏； （ 4 ）風險投資在投資、融資和實現回報等各個環節的障礙很多，無法實現良性循環，造成風險投資的成本和風險過高，收益偏低； （ 5 ）風險投資發展中政企不分，缺乏現代企業制度中的激勵機制和硬預算約束機制，投資成功率低。
  19. The essential function of the tax - shelter industry was converting ordinary income into capital gains, before the gains break was eliminated in the 1986 tax reform

    在1986年稅制改革廢止資本收益的免稅身份之前，整個節稅業的基本功能就是幫客戶把一般所得設法轉變為資本收益。
  20. Starting with the mutual relationship between endowment insurance fund and capital market, this article discusses the workability and necessity of marketed operation. it takes " agency by agreement " theory as the basic foundation to design a feasible restraint - encouragement mechanism so as to adjust the mutual relationship between different functional departments of planned fund management and clarify different fund management sectors " duty in detail. according to the request of security, liquidity and profitability, it designs reasonable fund operation style, picks up workable investment instrument, and arranges suitable investment structure

    本文從養老保險基金與資本市場的互動關系出發，論述養老保險基金市場化運營的可行性與必要性；以委託? ?代理理論作為基本的理論研究基礎，設計可行的約束激勵機制，對擬設定的基金管理的不同職能部門間的相互關系進行調節，明確各個不同基金管理部門的具體職能；按養老保險基金安全性、流動性、收益性的要求，設計合理的基金投資運營方式，選擇可行的投資工具，安排適當的投資結構。
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