約束長度 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [yāoshùzhǎngdù]
約束長度 英文
constraint length
  • 約 : 約動詞[口語] （用秤稱） weigh
  • 束 : Ⅰ動詞1 （捆; 系） bind; tie 2 （控制; 約束）control; restrain Ⅱ量詞（用於捆在一起的東西） bundle;...
  • 長 : 長Ⅰ形容詞1 （年紀較大） older; elder; senior 2 （排行最大） eldest; oldest Ⅱ名詞（領導人） chief;...
  • 度 : 度動詞[書面語] （推測; 估計） surmise; estimate
  • 約束 : keep within bounds; restrain; bind; bound; boundage;tie; restraint; restriction; engagement; repr...
  • 長度 : length; longitude; size; extent; footage
  1. Plasmas have shown themselves to be very resourceful at avoiding lengthy confinement.

    等離子體本身在避免長度約束方面表現得很靈活多樣。
  2. This article is composed by four parts. the foreword introduces simply the process of from establishment to development and contabescence of shanxi bank and the operating and running status. then bring forward the theme of this article that the organizational and managing system was the determinant factors of the prosperity and decline of shanxi bank and its experiences and lessons lend a helping hand to the enterprises of our time. the first part mainly tells of the organizational system and managing mode which drove the development and prosperity of shanxi bank, i t was consisted of the organizing system of the ownership departing from the power of management, and the capital frame of composing by the yin - share and manpower - share, and the human resources management system including high - level various and with elasticity distributing system and strict managing system, and the rigorous mamaging system and flexible running frame, and the enterprise culture of combining tigtly with the ru culture

    組織制度方面，主要通過對票號所有權與經營權相分離的組織制度的研究，總結其對票號發展所起到的重要作用；資本構成方面，主要對票號銀股、身股並重的資本構成，特別是票號實行的頂身股制度進行研究，總結其對員工所形成的有效激勵作用；用人體制方面，主要從激勵和約束兩個方面分別進行研究，一方面是票號分配體制的高水平、多樣化、富於彈性，對票號員工形成了有效的激勵作用，另一方面是嚴格的人員選拔、培養、任用以及監督、獎罰等管理制度，對票號員工形成了有效的約束作用；管理制度和經營體制方面，主要通過對票號各類號規進行分類研究，分別從管理制度和經營體制兩類內容來著手，總結票號管理制度的健全和經營體制的靈活對票號業務發展所起到的重要作用；企業文化理念方面，分別從員工教育和儒商融會兩方面進行研究，總結票號對員工道德教育的重視給票號帶來的良好企業風尚以及儒商融會理念使票號在經營方面更加成熟穩健、注重企業長遠利益。
  3. High accuracy kdp crystal optics is now considered as one of optics that is the most difficult to be processed for its series of disadvantageous characteristics to optics processing such as anisotropy, soft nature, easy to deliquesce, high brittleness, sensitive to temperature change, easy to crack and so on. therefore the long machining period, low percent of pass and astaticism quality has become the bottleneck of icf technology, and the surface quality control of kdp crystal processing has become the key problem to be solved in the research of icf in our country

    Kdp晶體零件是目前公認的最難加工的光學零件之一，因為kdp晶體具有各向異性、質軟、易潮解、脆性高、對溫度變化敏感和易開裂等不利於光學加工的特點，所以加工周期長、合格率低、質量不穩定成為慣性約束聚變技術的瓶頸， kdp晶體超精密加工表面質量控制問題已經成為我國慣性約束聚變研究中亟待解決的關鍵問題。
  4. At the same time, in order to get adapted to the market change, improve the competitiveness, reinforce the cohesiveness and maintain the upswing trend, cec should take effective measures, such as to accept new idea and develop the managers " awareness of competitiveness ; reform the selecting and appointing mechanism ; establish a sound compensation system ; improve consumption for the position ; break the dominance of state - owned shareholders on the stock market and improve corporate governance structure ; reinforce the financial supervision on the corporation ; make a full use of restraint effect of competitiveness and reputation mechanism ; build various " golden parachutes "

    與此同時， cec在企業經營者激勵與約束方面應採取針對性的措施，通過轉變觀念，樹立市場經濟的競爭意識和產權意識；改革企業經營者的選拔任用方式，積極推進企業經營者管理的市場化進程、建立科學合理的薪酬體系、規范職位消費，實行職位消費貨幣化、調整股權結構，實現投資主體多元化，健全公司法人治理結構、加強企業財務監控和內部制度建設、充分發揮市場競爭機制和聲譽機制對企業經營者的激勵約束作用、設計各種形式的「金色降落傘」等措施的實施，適應市場變化，提高企業核心競爭力，增強企業的凝聚力，保持事業的長盛不衰。
  5. The duties of the managers weren " t equal to their powers which induced that the managers abused their power to figure benefits for theirself only but not to think over the benefit of the owners ". the paternalistic managing mode of shanxi bank snoffed out the innovative abilities in shanxi bank which made them losing many opportunities of development and resulting in shanxi bank " s final decline. the third part mainly tells of the contrast analyses between the systems of shanxi bank and the systems of the enterprises of the time. and sum up the experiences and the lessons of shanxi bank to build up the organizational system and managing mode of enterprises with chinese characteristics

    第三部分是在前兩部分內容的基礎上，一方面把票號的人力股制度和所有權、經營權分離的組織制度與現代企業的相關制度進行簡單的對比分析，通過對比說明票號組織制度雖然具有很明顯的先進性，但同時也有它的歷史局限性和不完備之處;另一方面在對比分析的基礎上，總結出票號組織管理方面的經驗教訓對創立有中國特色的企業治理結構和管理模式具有四個層面的借鑒意義，一是企業組織制度與人文環境的結合，二是肅清扼殺企業創新機制的家長製作風，三是企業管理中激勵與約束的對稱性問題，四是制度創新與環境變遷的結合問題。
  6. By analyzing and studying the theory and practice difficulties of implementing eso motivation in domestic enterprise, and referring the essential character of the enterprise, especially the state - owned ones, the study suggest that the key point of theory and practice of designing motivation mechanism is property right system which need to establish modern enterprise system based on perspicuity of property right, that the key joint of designing and implementing eso is setting up the reasonable examination system for solving both the lack of incentive and restrict, recommending eva method as the performance examination system, and that the considerable relation of present and further for operating eso is connecting the short term incentive coming from the enterprise with the long term motivation from stock market

    分析和研究了中國企業實施期權激勵的理論與實施難點，結合我國企業特別是國有企業的本質特徵，提出了我國企業激勵機制設計的理論與實踐的結合點是產權制度，必須深化和加快建立以產權明晰為基礎的現代企業制度；指出了建立既解決激勵不足又完善約束機制的科學合理的考核制度是我國企業實行期權激勵的設計和實施的結合點，推薦採用經濟增加值法作為我國企業實行股票期權激勵的企業價值或業績考核體系；論述了改變公司經營者報酬結構，將以會計盈餘為基礎的短期激勵與以市場價值為基礎的長期激勵相結合是我國企業實行期權激勵的現實和未來的結合點。
  7. It debates prominently on how to professionalize and market manegers of soe, how to realize the system of professional managers in soe, how to encourage and restrain the professional managers, how to choose, use and forest the managers, how to exam and check the efficacy of the system. based on all the evidence and study, the article provides us the strategy on how to professionalize and market manegers of soe and the system on how to establish the professional managers in china

    著重探討了國有企業經營者的職業化和市場化問題，職業經理人制度如何在國有企業實現，職業經理人的激勵與約束機制，職業經理的選擇、使用與成長機制，職業經理人的考核與評估制度，提出了國有企業經營者職業化和市場化的具體對策以及職業經理人在中國實現所必須建立和完善的相關制度。
  8. Compared with the behavior of macromolecules in real solution system, the adsorption information in the monte carlo simulation system, such as adsorption isotherm, surface coverage, and bound fraction, was studied for discussing its relation to simulation parameters. five - selection simple cubic lattice, self - avoiding walk, and nearest interaction model were used to construct the homopolymer adsorption model on the solid - liquid interface. periodic boundary conditions were used to reduce the fixed error from limited cubic lattice in size

    模擬中採用五選擇簡單立方格子上的自迴避行走和最近鄰相互作用模型；使用周期性邊界條件以減小有限大格子空間帶來的系統誤差；用鏈節間相互作用能、界面吸附能、體相濃度和鏈長約束體系中的高分子的吸附行為；用末端轉動、 l -翻轉、曲柄運動、蛇形運動和r - r切除-生長法對模擬體系進行擾動；用系統達到吸附平衡后的樣本來研究模擬體系中的高分子鏈在固液界面上的吸附。
  9. The numerical simulation equations of the border curves in term of and as well as the matching rules and the frequency dependence of microwave electromagnetic parameters of a broad - band homogeneous absorbing coating with a finite value of reflection loss are available. these results pointed out the direction to develop rams ". according to the radar - absorbing model, the optimized design of rams with thin - layer, light - weight, broadband and strong - absorbing is available by the simple genetic algorithms, which can effectively conduct the research work of rams to the detail. small but completely, the electromagnetic parameter ' s databases of rams that based on actual microwave absorbers have been set up, the object function has been constructed which conform to the involved goals, the adaptive coding measure is taken which extends the coding length dynamically adapting to the condition of the number of actual absorbers or the precision of thickness and absorber - volume - percentage, the decoding technique is initiated which satisfies light - weight and strong - absorbing as well as thin - layer and broadband by adopting of tracing variable restricting conditions dynamically to control total thickness. when decoding, the variable restricting conditions of thickness are dynamically traced, so gain the radar absorbing coatings of light - weight multiple - layer single - ingredient. similary, of thickness and absorber - volume - percentage, of light - weight multiple - layer multiple - ingredient. also, the rams ' demand to radar - absorb performance as frequency is met making use of the penalty function

    作為遺傳演算法的具體實施：根據本實驗室近來研製的吸波材料，建立了吸波材料的相關數據庫；構造了能真實體現「薄、輕、寬、強」優化目標的目標函數；根據材料的實際數量以及塗層厚度精度要求、吸收劑體積分數精度要求，建立了能動態擴展相應碼長的自適應編碼方法；首創了通過動態跟蹤變量的約束條件來控制塗層總厚度的解碼技術，以此實現了在不弱化寬頻、高強的吸波性能目標的同時，兼顧到薄層、輕質的使用性能要求；在解碼時通過動態跟蹤厚度變量的約束條件，實現了多層單組分吸波塗層對重量輕的要求；通過動態跟蹤厚度變量的約束條件和吸收劑體積分數的約束條件，實現了多層多組分吸波塗層對重量輕的要求；使用權重系數變化法，實現了吸波塗層的分頻段吸波性能要求。
  10. According to eigenvalue equation ( general formula ) of the energy method of the plane steel frame structure stability, and considering the restriction of the end of the column of the main steel frame and function of deflection curve gained from the differential balance equation general resolution, we get the equation for calculating the length coefficient of the main frame structure stability of the steel arch gate and the resolutions are also given

    根據平面剛架穩定性能量法特徵值方程（通式） ，考慮弧形鋼閘門主框架柱的柱端約束的特殊情況，求出撓曲線函數（試解函數）通解，得到弧形鋼閘門主框架柱穩定性計算長度系數方程。其中弧門主框架主橫梁式形框架的臨界荷載比較現行規范推薦的有限元法簡單方便、結果精確及物理概念明確等優點。
  11. The traditional economy theories, such as the monetary theory of keynes, friedman and harrod - domar growth model, discussed the role of finance in economy growth from different aspects. in addition, the dispute between finance deepening theory and finance restrain theory is what government should do in the financial development. the theory of modern financial development studies how the financial structure works on the industrial structure by researching on the evolvement of financial institutions and financial markets

    根據馬克思在《資本論》中的闡述，可以得出金融資源參與產業資本循環是社會化大生產的必然要求的結論;在傳統西方經濟學理論中，凱恩斯的貨幣經濟理論、弗里德曼的新貨幣數量說和哈羅德-多馬模型等理論分別從不同角度論述了金融在經濟增長中的作用;金融深化理論與金融約束理論之爭引導人們開始探索政府在金融發展中的作用問題，而當代金融發展理論則從金融機構與金融市場的形成機制角度，探討了金融結構對產業結構的影響。
  12. The behave and harm of insider control in state enterprise is discussed. the reason of insider control is analysed, me chain of consign and the lack of proprietor the unmatching of residual control and proceeds ; the deficiency of inspiring with manager ; the disfigurement of supervision and restriction etc are the reasons of insider control. the advice of controlling insider control is discussed from the angle of game theory, and think that big shareholders of enterprise have more power to supervise operator. in order to settle the question of insider control, the bestiring and inhibiting of manager should be consolidated. the superiority of employees in enterprise is emphasized in controlling insider control. the paper puts forward a new model to measure intrinsic value of human capital of manager, the compenhensive valuation metrix to decide the efficenncy of management and performance adjustment of human capital of manager

    這是本文研究的意義所在。本文論述了我國國有企業內部人控制問題的表現和危害，比較了我國國有企業與國外企業的內部人控制問題的差異及特點。在分析委託代理鏈冗長及所有者缺位、經營者剩餘控制權和剩餘收益權不匹配、對公司經理人員的激勵嚴重不足、監督約束機制不健全等是形成國有企業內部人控制的主要原因的基礎上，從博弈論的角度探討控制內部人控制問題的政策建議，認為股權集中的大股東有更強的動力去監督目標公司，解決內部人控制問題在於強化對經理人員的約束、激勵。
  13. In rational selecting talent for the job, we must abolish the ideas such as " attaching importance to diploma only ", learning " can be postponed ", " arranging posts according to longevity " and " demanding perfection ", set up the new ideas such as " attaching importance to actual achievement ", " stressing efficiency ", " arranging posts according to ability " and " making use of individual speciality ", and set up the new mechanism of talent thriving enterprise, that is : to set up the talent selecting mechanism that accords with modem enterprise system requirement, learning and developing type personnel training mechanism, talent appraisement mechanism that achievement and efficiency have priority, the talent encouraging and restricting mechanism that integrates market

    在合理用人方面，我們必須破除「唯文憑論」 、學習「可遲可緩」 、 「論資排輩」 、 「求全責備」等觀念，樹立「注重實績」 、 「講求效率」 、 「唯才是舉」 、 「用其所長」的新觀念，構建人才強企的新機制，即：構建符合現代企業制度要求的人才選用機制、學習開發型的人才培養機制、績效優先的人才評價機制、與市場接軌的人才激勵約束機制。
  14. The tax treatment is unfair among different businesses and different tax - payers. the abnormal taxation certainly results in the abnormal development of the bank and securities industry. the difference between the taxation of china bank and securities industry and the foreign taxation that include the taxing scope, the abstraction and materialization of taxation, the taxation operation, the sanction and transparency of tax law, the seriousness of taxing administration and tax policy choice, not only provide the opportunity for the foreign finance institution which can carry out tax planning, moreover tax equity, but also likely lead to that the foreign finance institution lack confidence to china market and policy, finally affect its investment and result in tax unfairness among tax - payers

    長期以來，我國財政與金融的特殊關系使得財政對銀行業實行「特殊」的稅收政策，銀行業整體稅負高於製造業以及非金融性的服務業，中資金融企業稅負高於外資金融機構，過重的稅負使得銀行資本充足率難以保證，發展失去后勁；二是我國銀行業和證券業稅制結構不合理、稅制不規范、不科學，銀行和證券業內部不同行業、不同納稅人之間稅收待遇不公平，畸形的稅制必將導致銀行與證券業的畸形發展；三是我國銀行業和證券業稅制與外國稅制的差異，包括征稅范圍大小、稅制的抽象化與具體化、稅制的可操作性、稅收法律約束力和透明度、稅收執法的嚴肅性等差異，不僅給外資金融機構進行稅務籌劃甚至偷逃稅提供了可乘之機，而且還可能使得外資金融機構對中國市場、對政府政策缺乏信心，而影響其投資，也導致納稅人之間稅負不公。
  15. We put the emphases on the soft output viterbi algorithm ( sova ), which is one of turbo code ’ s decoding algorithms, and presents the derivation and computation step of the sova decoding algorithm. after presenting sova and map decoding algorithms and analyzing four kinds of decoding algorithms, the paper makes a comparison among the different decoding algorithms by emulation analysis, and analyzes the time complexity of various algorithms, and then contrasts them. in the last part of this paper, according to the criterion recommended by the consultative committee for space data systems ( ccsds ), including code rate,

    根據空間數據系統顧問委員會（ ccsds ）為turbo碼應用於深空通信系統推薦的標準，包括碼率、碼塊大小、分量碼類型、約束長度、碼生成多項式，以及交織器的選擇等參數的建議以及sova譯碼演算法的理論基礎，設計了sova演算法的實現結構，通過模擬驗證了本文所採用的turbo碼的性能，從而證明turbo碼確實是一種很好的通道糾錯編碼方式，它適用於要求功耗低或信噪比低的深空通信系統中。
  16. Those constructs include type constraints, length constraints, control types drop - down list, text input, range, and iterative structures

    那些構造包括類型約束、長度約束、控制類型（下拉列表、文本輸入、范圍）和迭代結構。
  17. Encoding constraint length

    編碼約束長度
  18. Decoding constraint length

    譯碼約束長度
  19. But generally speaking, up to now, effective manager stimulation system has not been set up, the disadvantage of insufficient stimulation and ineffective restraint has always restricted the development of state - owned enterprise. the incentive mechanism adopted by state - owned enterprises today still ca n ' t meet with the changing needs. the “ agent problem ” remains unsolved

    特別是我國，由於長期以來計劃經濟體制的影響，我國對于企業家人力資本的激勵遠遠不夠，即使是改革開放以來進行的數次國有企業改革，迄今仍然未建立起良性運轉的有效的激勵約束制度，導致國有企業委託代理關系內在動力機制的失靈。
  20. But the institution has some maladies, such as, some limits of traditional economy ( institutional environment ), which ca n ' t facilitate the emerging and development of the industrial revolutio n. the institution of land contract goes back to the path that grants the peasants the long - term rights of using land and gaining from land. it releases some limits of traditional agriculture economy, promoting the efficiency of resource deposition, advancing the increase of rural economy, helping vast rural areas to solve the problem of dressing warmly and eating their fill

    但小農經濟這種約束條件（制度環境）不利於農地產權制度的完善，也就不利於市場化工業經濟的產生和發展。土地承包制的制度創新復歸了使農民有長期的土地使用權和收益權的路徑依賴軌跡，降低了小農經濟約束程度，提高了資源配置效率，促進了農村經濟增長，使廣大農民解決了溫飽問題。
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