細胞發病機理 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [xìbāofābìngjīlǐ]
細胞發病機理 英文
cytopathogenesis
  • 細 : 形容詞1 （條狀物橫剖面小） thin; slender 2 （顆粒小） in small particles; fine 3 （音量小） thin ...
  • 胞 : Ⅰ名詞1 （胞衣） afterbirth2 （同一個國家或民族的人） fellow countryman; compatriot Ⅱ形容詞（同胞...
  • 發 : 名詞（頭發） hair
  • 病 : Ⅰ名詞1 （疾病; 失去健康的狀態） illness; sickness; disease; malum; nosema; malady; morbus; vitium...
  • 機 : machineengine
  • 理 : Ⅰ名詞1 （物質組織的條紋） texture; grain （in wood skin etc ） 2 （道理;事理） reason; logic; tru...
  • 細胞 : cell; sytes; bioplast; cella; [口語] gene; [生物學] cellule; cellule cellulli cellulo ; cello ; k...
  • 機理 : mechanisation; mechanization; mechanism
  1. The mechanism enhancement of the optical brightener is not known. shapiro et al. postulated that selected brightener including m2r inhibit or alter the chitinous peritrophic membrane ( pm ), creating gaps in the membrane or gut lining and perhaps allowing more virions to pass from the gut lumen into the hemocoel

    光增白劑對桿狀病毒的增效作用的機理存在兩種推測一種觀點認為光增白劑是通過破壞圍食膜結構的完整性，促使更多的病毒粒子穿越圍食膜而發動感染的；另一種意見認為光增白劑能延遲中腸上皮細胞的脫落，促進病毒的復制繁殖。
  2. So, the neurons and glia form a complicated network that participated in the pathogenesis of parkinson ' s disease

    因此，在帕金森病的發病機理中，神經元和膠質細胞共同構成了一個復雜的神經系統網路。
  3. It has been demonstrated directly or indirectly - 7 - that ak auto ab is an important element in the immune network and plays a important role in maintaining physiological functions, clearing aged cells and metabolic products, regulating immune responses and protecting against infection. in some pathological states such as psoriasis and contact dermatitis, a certain serum level of the antibody could inhibit the progression of the diseases, and is beneficial to the recovery from the diseases. after a long time studies on the production and regulation mechanism of physiological and pathological auto antibodies, meanwhile, experiencing an intensive academic debating on whether naas a " horror autotoxicus " or a " gnothi seaution ( know yourself ) ", a common viewpoint has been achieved that naa is of clinical significance in the treatment of immunity diseases for it ' s function in the immune system stability, immunoglobulin y and polyclonal ak auto abs have been used in treating inflammatory dermatitis, and recombinant antibody is under investigating

    抗角蛋白自身抗體（ akautoab ）是naa的重要組成部分，以往實驗通過雜交瘤技術、免疫親和層析技術和噬菌體抗體庫技術分別獲得單克隆akautoab 、健康人血清多克隆akautoab和基因工程人akautoab ，並對akautoab免疫學特性及在體生理和病理意義進行了廣泛的研究，直接或間接地發現akautoab是機體正常免疫調節網路的組成部分，在維護某些生理狀態的穩定、清理衰老細胞及代謝產物、調節免疫和抗感染等方面起到重要作用；在某些病理情況下（如銀屑病、接觸性皮炎等） ，體內akautoab的組分和滴度會發生變化，而正常水平的akautoab則有利於限制病情的發展，促進損傷的修復。
  4. Rubber tree ( hevea brasiliensis ) is an important economic woody - crop in tropical areas. its latex is the unique source of crude rubber used in current industry. because of its special and important use, the rubber tree has been extensively planted in tropical areas. increase production is always the main target in rubber tree cultivation. since the ethrel was applied in increasing latex production in 1968 for the first time as a chemical stimulant, not only the latex production had been increased largely, but also a new set of rubber tapping system had been established, leading to a series of economic benefit. owing to ethrel " s extensive application, its side effects had been found more and more obviously, such as tapping dry, speeding up senescence, shortening the life span of rubber tree etc. in order to overcome the side effects and increase production more availably, for a long time, people had carried out lots of research work on cell level, membrane level, physiology and biochemistry of laticifer contents. but the mech anism why ethrel increased latex production was not yet understood completely. this study had cloned the ethylene receptor gene ( efrl ) from rubber tree, and researched the relationship between etrl expression in laticifers and ethrel stimulation on transcription level and protein translation level. the results were as follows : 1

    但是，由於乙烯利應用的普及，乙烯利刺激割膠引起橡膠樹發生死皮病及加速膠樹衰老，縮短膠樹壽命等副作用也越來越明顯。為了克服這些副作用，使乙烯利能更有效地刺激增產，長期以來，人們在細胞水平、膜水平和乳管細胞內含物的生理生化層面上進行了大量的研究，但仍未完全了解乙烯對膠樹的作用機制。本研究從分子水平入手，克隆橡膠樹的乙烯受體基因（ etr1 ） ，並在轉錄水平和蛋白質翻譯水平上研究etr1基因在乳管細胞中的表達及與乙烯刺激的關系，取得了以下結果： 1
  5. The four aspects of a disease process that form the core of pathology are its cause ( etiology ), the mechanisms of its development ( pathogenesis ), the structural alterations induced in the cells and organs of the body ( morphologic changes ), and the functional consequences of the morphologic changes ( clinical significance )

    病理學的內核蓋由疾病進程的四個構件組成：疾病的緣起（病因學） ，疾病的繼起徑由（發病機理） ，機體細胞和器官的次起結構遷化（形態改變） ，以及形態改變所致功能顯藏（臨床表證） 。
  6. Bottom - up processing and feature detecting theory based on strong electrophysiological evidences has played a dominant role in the visual research for long time. people know top - down processing just by common sense. knowledge or experience are recalled from memory by reactivation of their neural representations and affected visual processes. however recently, researches from human and monkey provide experimental evidences for top - down processing. first, mnemonic representation of visual objects and faces, located in the ventral processing stream of visual perception in monkey, provide the best evidences of how neuronal codes are created by neurons that have the special ability to link the representations of temporally associated stimuli ; second, experiments suggest that not only bottom - up signals from the retina but also top - down signals from the prefrontal cortex can trigger the retrieval of associative codes, which may serve as a neural basis both for the conscious recall and for the visual processes affected by top - down processing further studies will improve people s understanding of the causal relation of activation and behavior by use of combined fmri and electrophysiology or lesion studies

    聯想性編碼是通過學習由一些具有特殊功能的神經元建立的，這些神經元具有將時間性關聯刺激的表徵聯系起來的能力。其次，不僅來自視網膜的底-頂信號，而且來自前額葉的頂底信號都能觸發聯想性編碼的提取，既可以作為有意識回憶的神經基礎，又是頂-底加工影響視覺過程的基礎。腦損傷病人研究具有高時間解析度的人類功能性核磁共振成像functional magnetic resonance imaging ， fmri和猴fmri研究以及猴細胞電生理分析相結合，將進一步加強人們對視覺腦機制的全面理解。
  7. Thus, it will help elucidate the development, self tolerance of self autoreactive b lymphocyte repetoire to investigate the generation of naa. researches on the function of naa will help clarify the significance of naa ' s existence. the exploration of biological nature, encoded gene and the difference or relation between naa and pathological autoantibody will shed much light on the pathological mechanism and treament of autoimmune disease

    因此，對naa產生機理的揭示將有助於回答免疫學b細胞產生、發育以及自身耐受的問題；對naa功能的研究有助於進一步明確naa對機體的意義；對naa的特性、編碼基因、與病理性自身抗體界限和關系的研究可能對自身第四軍醫大學碩士學位論文免疫疾病的發病機制和治療提供有益的線索。
  8. In order to further investigate the role of axudl in human tumor carcinogenesis and the potential association between the axudl gene expression status and the stimulation of transforming growth factor beta in human cancers, the present study was performed in three aspects as follows : ( 1 ) cloning full length enconding region cdna of axudl and construction of eukaryotic vector that expression the fusion protein of axud1 and influenza virus hemagglutin ha epitope tag ; ( 2 ) exploring the time and dose effects of tgf - 1 on the expression - of axudl gene in hepg2 hepatoma cells and spc - a1 lung carcinomas cells, and studying the effects of overexpression of axud1 on the expression of cell cycle and apoptosis related protein in hepg2 hepatoma cells ; ( 3 ) construction and expression of human axudl in e. coli m15. the following main results and conclusions can be obtained from the present study : 1. the full length ecnoding region of human axudl cdna from human peripheral blood lymphocytes was successfully cloned using one step rt - pcr method, and constructed into a eukaryotic expression vector which can be expressed a ha - axud1 fusion protein with axud1 and influenza virus hemagglutin ha epitope tag. the recombinant plasmid was identified by polymerase chain reaction, restriction endonuclease maping and sequencing, this expression vector might be instrumental to further study the function of axud1 protein in tumor cells

    為了進一步研究axud1在人類腫瘤發生中的作用及axud1基因的表達狀況與tgf -介導的信號通路的關系，本實驗研究分為三個部分： （ 1 ） axud1基因cdna全長編碼區的克隆和ha表位標記的axud1基因表達載體的構建； （ 2 ）探討肝癌細胞hepg2和肺腺癌spc - a1細胞中tgf - 1誘導的axud1基因表達的時間、劑量效應以及誘導表達的可能機理，並研究axud1的過表達對細胞周期和細胞凋亡相關蛋白表達的影響； （ 3 ） axud1原核表達載體的構建及其在大腸桿菌中的表達。本實驗的主要結果和結論如下： 1利用一步法rt - pcr成功地從人類外周血淋巴細胞中克隆出axud1基因編碼區cdna ，並將其構建入真核表達載體中，編碼的ha - axud1融合蛋白帶有流感病毒凝血素ha的表位標記肽段。
  9. 2. to investigate the pathological changes in ultrastructure of placental tissues in patients with pregnancy induced hypertension ( pih ) and to clarify the expression of egfr and egfrmrna in placenta so as to discuss the pathogenesis of pih

    觀察妊高征胎盤滋養層細胞超微結構病理學改變，以及妊高征組胎盤滋養細胞egfr蛋白質的表達和egfrmrna的表達，並與正常妊娠組比較，探討其發病機理。
  10. Cloning new apoptosis related novel gene is a key to further understanding of apoptosis mechanism and the biology process of germ cell, and it is of momentous significance on clarifying physiology and pathology process of spermatogenesis

    而克隆新的特異性的睪丸凋亡相關基因是進一步了解生殖細胞凋亡機制和生物學過程的關鍵所在，對闡明精子發生的生理、病理具有重要意義。
  11. So, combined examination of mutation of hbv c gene, the concentration of cytokines and t lymphocyte subpopulations is very significant to real ise the relationship between hbv c gene mutation and the cellular immunity of the host, and also can offe r the basis to further announce the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis b and individual diagnosis and treament

    因此聯合檢測hbvdnac基回全序列、血清細胞因子水平及t細胞亞群，可以全面了解基因的變異情況，綜合分析變異與細胞免疫功能的相關性，並為進一步揭示慢性乙肝的發病機理及個體化診斷和治療提供依據。
  12. Proteome techniques have widely been applied to the fields of plant genetics, plant development, and plant physiology and ecology to investigate plant genetic diversity, plant development such as seed maturation and germination processes, differentiation of plant tissue and organ, separation and functional identification of novel component of various organells, mechanisms of plant adapted to abiotic or biotic stresses including high temperature, low temperature, high salt, drought, and pathogens and insects, and interaction of plant with microbe

    摘要蛋白質組技術已廣泛應用於植物遺傳、發育和生理生態等諸多生物學領域，主要研究植物的遺傳多樣性、植物發育（如種子成熟與發芽過程） 、組織器官的分化過程、不同亞細胞結構的新蛋白組分的發現及其功能鑒定、植物對非生物逆境（包括高溫、低溫、高鹽和乾旱等）和生物逆境（病蟲害）的適應機制和植物與微生物（根瘤共生體）相互作用機制。
  13. Tumor might be a kind of diseases of stem cells, and this finding may help to understand the mechanisms of tumorigenesis and instruct clinical therapeutics

    腫瘤可能是一種幹細胞疾病，這對認識腫瘤的發病機理和有效的臨床治療具有重要的指導作用。
  14. Conclusion these findings support that the increase of telomerase activity may be linked to the pathogenesis of psoriasis and that the telomerase activity can be detected not only in malignant tumors but also in nonmalignant skin diseases

    結論端粒酶不僅可在惡性腫瘤表達，也可在一些非惡性皮膚病組織表達；並且認為銀屑病皮損中端粒酶活性的增加可能與銀屑病發病機理尤其是表皮細胞的持續過度分化有某種關聯。
  15. In order to get better understanding of the pathogensis of infectious diseases, it is valuable to study the relationship between cytokine profiles and the outcome of the diseases

    為進一步理解傳染病的病理機制，有必要研究細胞因子在體內的變化規律和疾病發生之間的關系。
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