經濟債務 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [jīngjìzhàiwù]
經濟債務
英文
economic obligation-
Adopting the theoretical and case analyses measures, there were 5 parts in the article as follows : the 1st part was to introduce the definition and standard of the s & m enterprises and analyze the function of their roles playing in the economy. the 2nd part was mainly to introduce the debt financing of the s & m enterprises and analyze the status in quo of their loan - applying by cases. the 3rd part was to analyze the reasons why the information dissymmetry leads the banks " credit admeasure for the s & m enterprises
全文採用理論分析和案例分析相結合的方法，文章共分為五個部分：第一部分是在介紹中小企業的定義及標準的基礎上，分析中小企業在經濟中的作用；第二部分主要介紹中小企業的債務融資，並對我國中小企業貸款的現狀進行了較為詳細的實證分析；第三部分著重分析信息不對稱引發銀行對中小企業實行信貸配給的產生機理；第四部分提出緩解我國中小企業貸款難的一些對策和建議；最後是結論。However, in chinese changing society, in one hand there are some “ bad faith ” transactions, such as contract dolus, escaping debts, making and selling goods of inferior quality & imitating prestiges and market economy confront faith crisis. in the other hand there are few people knowing the importance of good faith & how good faith influence transaction
然而在我國，一方面由於社會處于轉型期，出現了合同欺詐、逃廢債務、制售假冒偽劣產品等不誠信交易行為，市場經濟面臨誠信危機;另一方面對于誠信原則的重要性以及它對交易行為的影響卻知之者甚少。At the same time, economic crisis, financial deficit and other factors such as burden of debts reduced greatly the governments " ability to invest and borrow money, private sources funds again were sought to cover up the capital shortage. on the other hand, some international consortia were looking for ways to invest for the purpose of maximum of profit. hence some international contracting companies and experienced developing countries began their trial to promote private ownership and operation of infrastucture projects, through the way of accession agreement with limited recourse
然而進入80年代，現有的基礎設施已不能滿足經濟發展和人們生活的需要，而經濟危機、財政赤字、沉重債務負擔等因素使政府的投資能力和對外借債能力大為減弱，只能轉而尋求私營部門的資本來彌補資金的不足；同時國際上一些大財團因資本積累，急於加快資本周轉和增值，追求利潤最大化，一些國際承包公司和有經驗的發展中國家開始探索通過有限追索權貸款以特許方式促進私人擁有和經營基礎設施項目。Giving a letter is the capital that points to client of orgnaization of finance of commercial bank xiang fei to be offerred directly, perhaps be to the client in concerned economy activity the compensation that arises possibly, assurance that pays responsibility to make, include financing of loan, trade, bill financing, financing to rent, overdraw, the business inside the watch such as each money advanced for sb to be paid back later, and bill accept, open a l / c, defend case, reserve confirmed, bond issues l / c, letter of credit assure, loan assures, the business outside the watch such as the loan commitment with the asset sale that has recourse, irrevocable untapped
授信是指商業銀行向非金融機構客戶直接提供的資金，或者對客戶在有關經濟活動中可能產生的賠償、支付責任做出的保證，包括貸款、貿易融資、票據融資、融資租賃、透支、各項墊款等表內業務，以及票據承兌、開出信用證、保函、備用信用證、信用證保兌、債券發行擔保、借款擔保、有追索權的資產銷售、未使用的不可撤消的貸款承諾等表外業務。Finally, the thesis introduces vanke real estate company for the demonstration research object, pointing out that the vanke ' s advantage of competition is the reasonable capital structure. to meet the future development, the thesis suggest that vanke ' s optimal capital structure decision be the debt increase moderation, bring into financing leverage, multi channel financing, furthermore, to increase the facility of the financing, it should be on the base of the stability of the capital structure
最後，文章以萬科房地產公司為實證研究對象，以資本結構的相關理論為基礎，指出萬科經濟合理的資本結構是萬科在激烈的市場競爭中的優勢，並從發展的角度，提出了萬科最佳資本結構的建設性決策意見：適度增加負債融資，發揮財務杠桿作用；採取多渠道融資方式，在保持資本結構相對穩定的基礎上增加應變的靈活性。The dissertation focuses on the theory & mechanism research on life insurers ’ integrated risk management ( irm ). based on the realistic contexts and theoretical foundations of irm, the paper tentatively establishes the theoretical frameworks of value - based irm and sets up an irm model & its extended model with a step - by - step risk integration system including capital risk integration, asset - liability risk integration, strategic & business risk integration, risk management & risk management culture integration. the paper is organized in preface ( contexts analysis ), irm theoretical framework & irm model establishment ( chapter 1 - 3 ), and the model ’ s practical execution ( chapter 4 - 7 )
論文基於壽險公司整合性風險管理構架進行理論與運行研究，以公司整合性風險管理產生的背景（導論）為起點，以經濟金融理論、財務理論、風險社會與風險文化理論為理論基礎（第一章） ，建立了基於價值創造的公司整合性風險管理理論體系（第二章） ，建構壽險公司整合性風險管理模型（第三章） ，並對所建模型進行擴展運用，形成了資本風險的整合管理、資產負債風險的整合管理、戰略風險與經營風險的整合管理、風險管理與風險管理文化的整合管理（第四章至第七章）的遞階式風險整合管理體系。And different capital sources, namely the proportion of corporation share and debt have important influence to corporation benefits
而不同的資金來源，主要是權益融資還是債務融資之間的數量關系將對公司財務狀況和提高公司經濟效益具有十分重要的影響。Currently, the enterprise behavior of losing credit such as fake commodity, contract cheating, falsely registering, debt evading, taxes evading, and smuggling are always happening in our market. the newborn market is encountering the credit crisis
當前，在我國市場領域內，假冒偽劣、合同欺詐、虛假注冊、逃避債務、偷稅漏稅、走私騙私等企業失信行為時有發生，初生的市場經濟體制正遭受著嚴重的信用危機。Mr summers warned that without timely counter - cyclical fiscal action, the average us family could lose up to $ 5, 000 in income, the country could suffer hundreds of thousands more home foreclosures and national debt could significantly increase - " even in a mild recession "
薩默斯警告，如果不及時採取反周期的財政措施， 「即便只是輕微經濟衰退」 ，美國家庭的收入損失平均也會高達5000美元，美國會增加數十萬起因無力償貸而失去房屋的案例，國家債務水平也會大幅上升。If a transaction increases the total of liabilities. we should crebit the relative liability account for the amount increased
一筆經濟業務如果使負債總額增加，我們應該以增加的金額貸記相應的負債帳戶。The payment and settlement system is the indispensable infrastructure of the market economy, which is composed by the capital transferring rules, the payment service ’ s offering organization and the way of realizing the capital ’ s settlement. and, it is also one of the financial arrangements about the realization between liability and assets
支付系統是市場經濟中金融基礎設施的重要組成部分，它是由關于資金轉移的規則、提供支付清算服務的機構和實現支付指令傳送及資金清算的手段共同組成的，用以實現債權債務清償及資金轉移的一種金融安排。Contract law stipulates beneficium cedendarum actionum, which has found a valuable way for obliges to realize their aes suum and propels economic order to develop smoothly
以致拖欠債務長期不還，給債權人造成損害，使社會經濟秩序的正常運行受到干擾和影響。Soes are heavily in debt and their economic returns are dropping
國有企業債務日益沉重，經濟效益持續下降。In the second section, i have explored the government ' s coun - termeasures : bank reformment and bank system restructuring, changing investment policy and improving investment environment, changing agricultural, industrial and trade policies, taking care of feeble crowd and establishing social ensuring system, etc. in the third section, i have discussed the phenomena of indonesia ' s economic recovery and analysed the causes why the economy recovered slowly : debt problem, political unrest, " 9 11 " affair ' s influence, etc. in the fourth section, i have forecasted indonesia ' s economic future and pointed out that ecomonic recovery was quickening, economic future would be full of danger
第二部分探討了政府應對危機的政策舉措：進行銀行改革和銀行體系重組；調整投資政策，改善投資環境；調整農業、工業、貿易等政策；保護弱勢群體，建立社會安全網體系等。第三部分論述印尼經濟逐步走出危機、走向復甦的微弱表現，分析了復甦緩慢的原因：債務問題、政局不穩、 「 9 ? 11 」事件的沖擊等。第四部分展望印尼經濟前景，指出印尼經濟復甦勢頭上升，但發展前景充滿風險。The reasons of small town ’ s liability have three aspects. the first reason is that there are various reasons forming the debt ? ? slowly development of economy result in deficiency of capital, and the randomness and nonstandard expenditure cause serious waste. the second, the rigidity financial expenditure spends in wage, education, road, irrigation construct and rising in payment, and the asymmetric bread between financial power and working power in management system
鄉鎮債務形成的原因多種多樣，客觀分析起來，鄉鎮債務形成的原因多種多樣，既有經濟發展緩慢導致鄉鎮財源不足，也有開支的隨意性和不規范導致浪費嚴重;既有工資、教育、道路、水利建設和加薪等剛性財政支出過大，也有財政管理體制方面財權和事權的不對稱留下的缺口;既有投資決策失誤背上包袱及其他歷史遺留問題，也有鄉鎮機構臃腫、冗員過多增加開支的因素。Article 172 where the manager, the restructure executor, the bankruptcy assignee or the supervisor causes economic damage to the creditor, the debtor or a third person because of negligence of duties or other illegal
第一百七十二條管理人重整執行人破產清算人監督人因玩忽職守或者其他違法行為，造成債權人債務人或者第三人經濟損失的，應當承擔賠償責任造成重大損失的，可以根據情節輕重，處以一萬元以上十萬元以下的罰款和拘留構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。Argentina just defaulted on its debt ; many developing economies are weakening
阿根廷正深陷於債務泥塘，很多發展中經濟也正在變得衰弱。This article chooses a corporation, which the author is familiar with the feature of changing the bonds to the stocks ' - - sichuan cao yu tan, as the target of economy investigation and financial analysis
本文選擇了自己熟悉的「債轉股」企業? ?四川槽漁灘水電股份有限公司作為經濟考察和財務分析的對象。3 analyze business transactions and relate them to changes in the balance sheet
分析經濟業務並把它們與引起的資產負債表的變化聯系起來。Article 25 companies and enterprises must confirm, calculate and record assets, debts, owners ' equities, revenues, expenses, costs, and profits in accordance with the provisions of the uniform accounting system of the state on the basis of the economic transaction and operational matters which actually occur
第二十五條公司、企業必須根據實際發生的經濟業務事項，按照國家統一的會計制度的規定確認、計量和記錄資產、負債、所有者權益、收入、費用、成本和利潤。分享友人