經濟決定論 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [jīngjìjuédìnglún]
經濟決定論 英文
economic determinism
  • 經 : 經動詞[紡織] （把紡好的紗或線梳整成經紗或經線） warp
  • 濟 : 濟名詞1. （古水名） the ji river2. （姓氏） a surname
  • 決 : Ⅰ動詞1 （作出主張; 決定） decide; determine 2 （執行死刑; 殺死） execute a person 3 （裂開; 斷開...
  • 定 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （平靜; 穩定） calm; stable 2 （已經確定的; 不改變的） fixed; settled; established Ⅱ動詞...
  • 論 : 論名詞（記錄孔子及其門徒的言行的「論語」） the analects of confucius
  • 經濟 : 1 [經] （社會物質生產和再生產的活動） economy 2 （對國民經濟有利或有害的） economic; of industria...
  1. It brings satisfaction and exciting for the employee, low - cost for the employer and development for the organization. otherwise, the situation will be on the contrary. this paper applies managerial psychology * labor - economics and operations research to analyze the compensation design, the motivation effect of cadi ( chengdu aircraft design and research institute ) synthetically on the basis of introducing the theories about human resource management, compensation and motivation

    本文綜合運用管理心理學、勞動經濟學、運籌學等分析方法，在對人力資源管理、薪酬、激勵等基本理論概括介紹的基礎上，論述了薪酬的分類、決定機制、設計準則及薪酬激勵的模型，探索分析了611所工程技術人員薪酬設計及其激勵效果，分析了現行體制下激勵強度弱等弊端及原因。
  2. Firstly, some basic concepts are not clear, such as what is the status of the company under liquidation, how to define the action of the industrial - commercial authority ' s invalidation of the license of the company, whether or not the share holders can sue to disincorporate the company, is it legal to dissolve a company without liquidation, what is special liquidation, under what situation will a company be obliged to disincorporate, who will be responsible for liquidation after the dis incorporation, etc. secondly, some primary legislative principles about disincorporation and liquidation that are adopted in foreign countries are not established in china, such as a company must be liquidated before disincorporation except for acquisition, the company remains valid during the liquidation until it finishes the invalidation registration, an ordinary liquidation must be replaced by a special liquidation under the instruction of the court when there is an impediment or a fraud, the company should apply to the court for bankruptcy when it is found that its debt is over its asset during the liquidation, the number of people execute liquidation can be several or just one, companies applied for annulment shall be judged by the court and must be liquidated, etc. thirdly, china does n ' t have some of the fundamental rules that are specified in the laws of foreign countries, such as the rule of disincorporation registration, the rule that the company should sue to let the court judge for disincorporation if there is a deadlock between share holders, the rule of credit trade - off in special liquidation, the rule that people who execute the liquidation are jointly responsible for compensating the loss of the third party caused by their activities that are illegal or vicious, the rule of special liquidation, the rule of the representation of the people who execute the liquidation, the rule of the court supervising the liquidation in an inactive way, the rule of how long the accounts and documents should be kept after disincorporation, etc. because of the lack in research and legislation, the system for companies leaving the market is highly disorganized, which harmed the interest of the creditors and relevant people, increased the risk of market exchange, damaged the order of the market economy and the ethic of doing business, wasted the resources of the society, and impaired the authority and seriousness of the law

    再次，國外立法上的一些基本制度我國沒有，如解散登記制度，股東出現僵局訴請法院判決解散制度，特別清算中的債權協定製度，清算人因違法或惡意對第三人承擔連帶賠償責任制度，司法特別清算制度，清算人的代表性制度，法院消極監督清算制度，帳薄及文件在公司解散后保存法定期限制度等。由於理論研究和立法的不足，造成了我國公司法人退出市場機制的嚴重混亂，損害了債權人和利害關系人的利益，增加了市場主體交易不安全感，破壞了市場經濟秩序和商業道德，浪費了社會資源，削弱了法律的權威性和嚴肅性。文章認為，完善我國公司解散和清算制度，應借鑒和引進發達國家的法學理論和法律制度，統一我國有關解散和清算立法，在基本概念、基本原則、基本制度、基本程序諸方面進行統一規范，填補立法空白，創設法院解散公司制度，廢除行政特別清算制度代之以司法特別清算制度，健全和嚴格違反清算規定的法律責任制度（包括民事責任，刑事責任，行政責任，改變現行行政處罰范圍偏廣，民事賠償范圍偏窄，刑事追究空白太多的不協調狀況） ，從而構築起科學的公司解散和清算制度，使之符合我國經濟生活的客觀需求，符合市場經濟發展的基本方向，並與國外立法通例趨同。
  3. Secondly, the paper brings out problems which are need to be solved as emphases by analyzing objectively the plant ' s cost control actuality, the existing problems and its reasons. the analysis indicates that because of high dependence on planned economy, exterior factors seriously restricting the reasonable price of fuel, the electrovalence being made by exterior, the deficiency of its interior mechanism and the big random of cost control, the enthusiasm that the plant manages and controls cost independently is badly hurt. thirdly, aiming at these leading problems, applying the present cost control theory and the main cost control methods of electricity enterprises both home and abroad, the paper designs and evaluates its cost control project at these aspects of productive technology, management, logistic control, financial management and the manpower cost, and lodges corresponding cost control project of every tache

    論文首先對當今國內外成本控制理論研究現狀和應用現狀進行了分析，包括成本性態分析、成本控制內容分析及成本控製程序與方法的分析，為論文研究打好了理論基礎；其次客觀全面地分析了永昌電廠成本控制的現狀和存在問題及其產生原因，其中包括計劃經濟色彩濃厚、外部因素嚴重製約燃料成本的合理配比、電價確定權在外，它嚴重挫傷企業成本管理與控制的自主積極性，也包括企業內部機制不全、成本控制的隨意性大等問題，這為本論文提出了需要重點解決的問題；然後針對永昌電廠在成本控制方面存在的主要問題，應用當今國內外成本控制的主要理論和發電企業成本控制主要方法，從生產技術、生產管理、物流控制、資金管理及人工成本等方面對永昌電廠成本控制方案進行了相對全面的設計和評價，提出相關環節的成本控制方案。
  4. Both harrod - domar growth model and double gap theory deem that the accumulation of capital is the deciding factor of economy development

    無論是哈羅德? ?多馬增長模型還是雙缺口理論，兩者觀點都認為資本積累是經濟增長的決定因素。
  5. Creating financing hypothecate system of smes and perfecting risking investment system and constituting " the second boa rd market " to promote financing of smes are three key matters which are generally concerned by the economic theoretical circle and have the decisive influences on improving the financing situation of smes. this study developed in - dept subject researches on aforementioned three matters and the countermeasures and suggestions about developing this system

    本文針對中小企業融資難這一世界性難題，對建立中小企業徵信機制、完善風險投資體系、建立「二板市場」促進中小企業融資，這樣三個受到經濟理論界普遍關注、對改善中小企業融資狀況有著決定性影響的問題，開展了深入的專題研究，並提出了培育發展這一體系的對策建議。
  6. The dissertation analyses the economy function of local governments in improving the economy and society of the countryside theoretically, integrates with “ three improper function ” issues in the work of “ three agriculture ”, puts forward the value and principles that should be followed in the “ three - agriculture ” issues, and finally makes a definition of economy function of local government when solving “ three - agriculture ” issues

    本文首先從理論上分析了地方政府在促進農村經濟社會發展的經濟職能，結合實際工作中地方政府在「三農」工作中存在的「三位」問題，提出了地方政府在解決「三農」問題中應當遵循的工作原則，最終界定了現階段地方政府在解決「三農」問題中經濟職能。
  7. Following the research route of mend with study and development with creation, give the definition of risk and the methods of risk identifying, divide the risk attitude into risk loving, risk neutralism and risk avoiding, point out the importance of enhancing the risk consciousness for lightning hazard, and summarize the mechanisms of lightning hazard the theories and methods of risk assessment for lightning hazard. provide a set of risk assessment parameters for lightning hazard, which includes lightning times n, hazard probability p, hazard loss d, hazard risk r and protection efficiency e, and give the definition, decisive factor, value method and value scope of each parameter. establish a risk assessment model for lightning hazard which includes lightning hazard base module, lightning hazard probability module, lightning hazard loss module, lightning hazard accepted risk module, lightning protection cost module, correcting coefficient module, lightning hazard risk module, and lightning protection class and efficiency module

    遵循借鑒改造和發展創新的研究思路，給出了風險的定義和風險識別的方法，將風險態度分為風險喜好型、風險中庸型和風險逃避型，指出了提高雷電災害風險意識的重要性，總結了雷電災害的作用機制和雷電災害風險評估的理論與方法；提供了包括雷擊次數n 、雷災概率p 、雷災損失d 、雷災風險r和雷電防護級別與防護效率e等5類基本參數的雷電災害風險評估參數體系，並給出了各個參數的定義、參數的決定因素和取值方法以及取值范圍；設計了包括雷電災害基礎模塊、雷電災害概率評估模塊、雷電災害損失評估模塊、雷電災害允許風險評估模塊、雷電防護成本評估模塊、校正系數模塊、雷電災害風險評估模塊、雷電防護級別與效率分析模塊等8個模塊的雷電災害風險評估模型，評估模型以iec61662的評估模型為基本參考，以雷災損失d為中心，把雷災風險劃分為經濟雷災風險r _ e和人身雷災風險r _ l ，並對r _ e和r _ l分開單獨處理。
  8. Classical economics and historical materialism

    經濟決定論批判之一
  9. It is observed that : ( a ) it is extremely difficult to have the planning aimed at being either ecological or economic optimum ， i. e. planning is not a process determined absolutely in terms of environmental and economic criteria ， but rather a defensible one. ( b ) there are some “ ultimate ” or “ absolute ” constraints ， which the planning has to come to terms with ， but these constraints are hardly definable or acceptable

    本文指出：以經濟最優化和生態最適模式指導規劃都是非常局限和困難的，規劃決不是一個環境和經濟決定論的過程，而是一個可辯護的過程；環境可能會對發展產生所謂的「頂極的」 「絕對的」制約，對此，規劃必須服從。
  10. This thesis aims to carry out a profound study on the " government interference complex " in the ethnic regions from the pointview of executive philosophy. it tries to expose the complex ' s theoretical origin - misunderstanding on " economy determinism " and insistence on " straight development of history " ; its empirical origin - modernization effect ; practical motive - desire for synchronization and the promotion function given by the mainstream management ideas to the " complex ". based on these, the thesis reveals the realistic characteristics of " government interference " : firstly, it examines whether ethnic regions get some progress under the guidance of " straight development of history " ; secondly, government interference brings about the destruction and change in the fields of natural ecology, cultural ecology and ethics as well ; finally, government interference leads to the systematic lies and will involve the ethnic regions in the sequela caused by the interference

    ）對民族地區行政「政府干預情結」進行深度研究，試圖通過民族地區行政「政府干預情結」問題中隱含的邏輯線索，揭示民族地區行政「政府干預」理論起點：對經濟決定論的曲解、對歷史發展單線論的真理化，揭示民族地區行政「政府干預」經驗起點：后發現代化效應，揭示民族地區行政「政府干預」實踐動力： 「共時性」訴求，以及政府主流管理思想對民族地區行政「政府干預」的推動作用；在此基礎上，進而梳理出民族地區「政府干預情結」多方面的現實表徵：一方面，在單線歷史進化論考察下的民族地區進步；在另一方面，政府干預帶來了民族地區自然生態觀的沖擊與毀滅、文化生態的濫用與消亡、民族地區倫理道德的流失與嬗變、民族心理的依賴與失衡，再一方面，政府干預帶來民族地區的制度性說謊，並讓民族地區陷入了邏輯的怪圈：政府干預「政府干預后遺癥」 。
  11. With the trend of openness and integration of globlal economy, exchange rate is playing more and more important role in influencing the allocation of global resources. the sensitivity of the price of tradale goods to exchange rate fluctuation becomes the focus of international economics because it is a critical vector and transmitter when an economy is confronted of exogenous impact. traditional international economics theory assume that nominal exchange rate fluctuation has complete pass - through effect, namely it ’ s change will introduce proportional change of tradable goods, then it will influence such macroeconomic vector as term of trade, import and export, inflation, employment, productivity, income allocation, and so on. from a microeconomic angle, including pricing to market, innovative behavior, menu cost and sunk cost, the paper probe into the pricing model of international enterprices under floating exchange rate and testify the incomplete pass - through of exchange rate and it ’ s detailed reason, then discuss the inspiration it has on china. it ’ s believable this kind of research will play a big part in china ’ s exchange rate scheme and some macroeconomic problems such as exchange rate tranmitting channel and effects, exchange rate fluctuating behavior

    傳統的國際經濟學理論認為，名義匯率的波動具有完全的傳遞性（ completepass - through ） ，即它的變化會引起同比例的進出口貿易品相對價格以及貿易品和非貿易品相對價格的變化，然後通過需求變動的支出轉移效應（ expenditureswitching ）來影響國內經濟的諸多宏觀變量，如貿易條件、進出口貿易額、通脹水平、就業量、勞動生產率以及收入分配等，本文從依市定價（ pricingtomarket ） 、創新行為、菜單成本以及沉澱成本等四個不同的微觀角度，通過對浮動匯率下國際壟斷競爭性生產廠商的定價模型具體而透徹的探討，論證了匯率的不完全傳遞性並深入分析了決定匯率傳遞彈性的重要影響因素，闡述了該理論對人民幣匯率的啟示，這樣的研究會對我國今後的匯率政策以及匯率的傳導機制、傳導效應、波動行為等宏觀經濟問題起到重要的作用。
  12. As a kind of market structures, natural monopoly has been studied for a long time. in the thought of economics, ideologists researched natural monopoly on the natural characters. as the evolution of economics, new classical economics has been grown for three stages in natural monopoly, and they are economics of scales, economics of scopes and subadditivity of costs in turn

    自然壟斷作為一種市場結構，其理論已經得到了極大的重視和長足發展，從早期經濟思想史上的自然條件決定論到新古典經濟學范圍內的傳統自然壟斷理論，在後者范圍內，又經歷了從規模經濟到范圍經濟，再發展到高度抽象的成本次可加性理論。
  13. For example, w. rostow considered that the growth of economy was aroused by leading industry, and industrial structure took a very important role in the economy growth ; h. chenery considered that industrial structure and economy growth had a bidirectional causal relation ; however, the most influencing theory was brought forward by s ? kuznets, who considered that it was economic growth which caused the variance of industrial structure advancement, etc. according to cointegration theory and granger causality theory, this paper, based on the summary of multitudinous scholars ’ research literature, carries a positive analysis to the relationship between industrial structure and economic growth, using the time serial data from 1978 to 2003 by

    分析結果驗證了配第?克拉克定律的正確性即經濟的增長是就業人口向第三產業轉移的原因，但卻否認了庫茲涅茨的收入決定論，即至少在我國，產業結構的演進是經濟增長的原因而不是相反。同時，本文還原創性地論證了，我國的經濟增長與產業結構之間存在惟一的動態均衡關系即協整關系，產業結構與經濟增長之間短期波動與長期均衡關系存在於根據協整方程建立的向量誤差修正模型之中。
  14. The analysis starts from the introduction of the theory of exchange rates and the relevant economic factors that affect exchange rates. the analysis is based on the following theories : the theory of macro - stabilization policy in open economy, the mundell - fleming model, originated by professor robert a mundell of the department of economics columbia university, who also founded the theory of the optimum currency areas ; another theory is the trilemma by paul krugman. it is concluded that the current stable exchange regime serves as an important guarantee for the fast economic development in china

    面對「人民幣是否應該升值」這個國內外經濟界討論的熱點，本文從匯率決定理論及影響匯率制度的相關經濟因素出發，引用了最優貨幣區域理論的首創者、美國哥倫比亞大學經濟系教授羅伯特? a ?蒙代爾的開放條件下宏觀穩定政策的理論「蒙代爾?弗萊明模型」以及克魯格曼的「三元悖論」等理論來探討人民幣匯率制度的選擇及未來匯率體制的發展目標和前景，明確了目前穩定的人民幣匯率體制是促進我國經濟高速發展的重要保證。
  15. The fiscal policy in the modern meaning started in the 1930s. on practice, roosevelt new policies made a beginning through building public project with fiscal allocations in participating in and solving for employment problem. in theory, expansive fiscal policy of keynesianism established the theoretical foundation in stability economy with fiscal means

    現代意義上的財政政策始於20世紀30年代，實踐上，羅斯福新政中用財政撥款修建公共工程為財政參與解決就業問題開了先河，理論上，凱恩斯的赤字財政政策為用財政手段穩定經濟奠定了理論基礎。
  16. There are abundant theories on the selection of the exchange rate regime, including economic structure theory, policy coordination theory, cost and benefit theory, policy inclination and game theory, two poles theory and so on

    關于匯率制度選擇的理論主要有經濟結構論、經濟沖擊論、政策搭配論、成本收益論、政策偏好論及博弈行為決定論和兩極論等。
  17. The inherent defect of economic person hypothesis has led to the challenge of the limited rational decision theory, economic game theory and new institutional economics seeing from the methodology angle, the knack of economic person hypothesis separates to depend on its individual doctrine method, endows with every individual stipulating with immutable and frozen " human nature " of priori, and has ignored the interaction complicated between the individual, as well as this kind of adjusting physical strength that the complicated interaction is to " human nature " the feasible way that improves economic person ' s hypothesis is analyzing the formation condition and fortune that interacts between the individual doing condition, regulation and control condition as well as gradual progress trend

    經濟人假設的內在訣隔招致了有限理性決策論、經濟博弈論、新制度經濟學的挑戰。從方法論角度看，經濟人假設的訣隔在於它的個體主義方法，賦予每個個體以先驗的一成不變的「人性」規定，而忽視了個體之間復雜的相互作用，以及這種復雜相互作用對「人性」的調節力量。改進經濟人假設的可行途徑是分析個體間相互作用的形成條件、運作條件、調控條件以及演進趨勢。
  18. Secondly, expounding and pining the foundation of the existence of private economy in three main aspects : productive fore determinism, mixture ownership and socialism marketing economy, determinism, thirdly, focusing on analyzing the existing problems of privately - owned enterprise, form the of outside surroundings of privately - owned enterprise development, money raising problem and administration mechanism crea tiveness, then raising saluting tailings and relating tactics

    第二，從生產力決定論、混合所有制論和社會主義市場經濟決定論三個方面論證私營經濟存在的理論依據。第三，從私營企業發展的外部環境、融資問題和治理機制創新三個方面重點分析當前我國私營企業發展存在的問題，並提出解決的思路和對策。
  19. Since 1960, a great number of works on urban economic have appeared at home and abroad, but it ' s rare to apply the economic model of equilibrium in the analysis, in addition, at the turn of century, governments of all levels made development strategy aimed at urbanization, with the promotion of productivity force, but there is a weak theoretic base for economic decision - making, including urbanization mechanism, urbanization route and urbanization policy

    60年代以來，雖然國內外的城市經濟學著作已經很多，但運用均衡經濟模型進行分析的還不多；其次，我國在跨世紀的發展中，各級政府在現實生產力的推動下，先後確定了以城市化為目標的發展戰略，然而對于城市化機制、城市化道路、以及城市化政策策略等經濟決策問題的理論基礎還比較薄弱。
  20. A lot of studies delicate that the relations among structure, conduct and performance, as a major factor of optimizing industrial organization, is very important to making decisions on entry - and - exit, restructure, scale economy and price in certain industry. market structure of china ' s petroleum industry has some distinct characters

    Scp循環是主流產業組織理論的分析範式，眾多研究成果表明，結構、行為、績效之間的關系對某一特定產業的發展，對某一特定產業中企業的進入退出決策、重組決策、規模經濟決策、價格決策等至關重要，是影響產業組織優化決策的主要因素。
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