緩發相變 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [huǎnfāxiāngbiàn]
緩發相變
英文
delayed transformation-
We found that tio2 thin films are a amorphism when they are not annealed ; they are anatase when annealed at 300 c ; rutile occured be anneled at 700 ; ti02 thin films are transformed into rutile completely when be anneled at 1100. oxygen - sensing properties of tio2 thin films were analysised, and we found the variation law of sensitivity with the partial pressure of o2 and temperatures. sensitivity increases with po2 / ( po2 + pn2 ) at a constant temperature. the higher working temperature is, the slower sensitivity increasing with po2 / ( po2 + pn2 ) is
對tio _ 2薄膜氧敏器件特性進行了分析，發現靈敏度隨工作溫度和氧分壓變化的規律， 400以上時，在一定工作溫度下，隨氧分壓的增加，靈敏度逐漸升高；工作溫度越高，隨p _ （ o _ 2 ） （ p _ （ o _ 2 ） + p _ （ n _ 2 ） ）的增加，靈敏度增加越緩慢，在400下靈敏度隨氧分壓增加最快；在我們所測試的工作溫度點中， 400時具有最高的靈敏度，相對於他人的工作此溫度是比較低的。A match at 10 fast - mutating sites is outvoted by a discrepancy at one slow - mutating site, dr. tyler - smith said
根據泰勒史密斯說，即使在快速突變區段發現了十個完全相符的基因特徵，只要在緩慢突變區段發現到一個不符，就足以否定兩者之間的關系。Abstract : the restoration of the riparian vegetation disturbed by human activities is one of the hotspots of watershed ecology. through interpreting the images of remote sensing in 1985 and 1999, the basic information of forest resources of lushuihe forest bureau, which is a typical forest area of changbai mountain, was obtained with support of gis. by dividing land covers of lushuihe area into 10 types ( water body, residential land, stump land, farming land, wetland, mature conifer forest, midlife conifer forest, mature broadleaf forest, midlife broadleaf forest, and man - made young forest ) and dividing the riparian zone into four buffers ( in turn, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 m away from the river ), the changes of riparian forest resources during 1985 - 1999 were analyzed. the results showed that the deforestation intension has obviously decreased and the whole environment has been evidently improved, but the riparian ecosystem was still flimsy. in buffer 1, 2, 3, the area of midlife conifer forest increased largely, but the areas of other types of land covers all decreased. midlife conifer forest had a comparatively good status in the three buffers. in buffer 4, midlife conifer forest, mature conifer forest, and mature broadleaf forest formed a forest - age rank that is helpful to stabilize the forest ecosystem and exert its functions. area percentage of wetland decreased in buffer 1, buffer 2, and buffer 3, even in buffer 4 in which forest ecosystem rehabilitated comparatively well, so protecting and rehabilitating wetland is a very difficult task
文摘:本文對兩期遙感圖像進行解譯，並在gis支持下提取露水河林業局主要河流兩岸各緩沖區森林資源信息，經分析得到各類地物在1985年及1999年的變化趨勢.結果表明:在河流沿岸對森林的採伐強度1999年較1985年明顯減小，整體生態環境較1985年有所改善.在緩沖區1 ， 2 ， 3除中齡針葉林大幅度增加外，其它地物類型面積均減少，由此可以看出，在這三個緩沖區內針葉林得到了較好的恢復.在緩沖區4內，中齡針葉林、成熟針葉林、成熟闊葉林形成一個林齡梯隊，有利於森林生態系統的穩定與功能的發揮，十五年間緩沖區4受到的干擾相對較小.濕地數量在四個緩沖區內均有所減少，雖然在緩沖區4內森林生態系統恢復的較好，但濕地面積仍有所減少，說明保護及恢復濕地資源是一件非常艱巨的任務，必須引起高度重視.圖5表2參12The restoration of the riparian vegetation disturbed by human activities is one of the hotspots of watershed ecology. through interpreting the images of remote sensing in 1985 and 1999, the basic information of forest resources of lushuihe forest bureau, which is a typical forest area of changbai mountain, was obtained with support of gis. by dividing land covers of lushuihe area into 10 types ( water body, residential land, stump land, farming land, wetland, mature conifer forest, midlife conifer forest, mature broadleaf forest, midlife broadleaf forest, and man - made young forest ) and dividing the riparian zone into four buffers ( in turn, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 m away from the river ), the changes of riparian forest resources during 1985 - 1999 were analyzed. the results showed that the deforestation intension has obviously decreased and the whole environment has been evidently improved, but the riparian ecosystem was still flimsy. in buffer 1, 2, 3, the area of midlife conifer forest increased largely, but the areas of other types of land covers all decreased. midlife conifer forest had a comparatively good status in the three buffers. in buffer 4, midlife conifer forest, mature conifer forest, and mature broadleaf forest formed a forest - age rank that is helpful to stabilize the forest ecosystem and exert its functions. area percentage of wetland decreased in buffer 1, buffer 2, and buffer 3, even in buffer 4 in which forest ecosystem rehabilitated comparatively well, so protecting and rehabilitating wetland is a very difficult task
本文對兩期遙感圖像進行解譯，並在gis支持下提取露水河林業局主要河流兩岸各緩沖區森林資源信息，經分析得到各類地物在1985年及1999年的變化趨勢.結果表明:在河流沿岸對森林的採伐強度1999年較1985年明顯減小，整體生態環境較1985年有所改善.在緩沖區1 ， 2 ， 3除中齡針葉林大幅度增加外，其它地物類型面積均減少，由此可以看出，在這三個緩沖區內針葉林得到了較好的恢復.在緩沖區4內，中齡針葉林、成熟針葉林、成熟闊葉林形成一個林齡梯隊，有利於森林生態系統的穩定與功能的發揮，十五年間緩沖區4受到的干擾相對較小.濕地數量在四個緩沖區內均有所減少，雖然在緩沖區4內森林生態系統恢復的較好，但濕地面積仍有所減少，說明保護及恢復濕地資源是一件非常艱巨的任務，必須引起高度重視.圖5表2參12The localization and expression of prolactin receptor from inner mongolia alpas cashmere goat were studied by sacpic staining, in situ hybridization and western blotting. samples of skin were taken at interval three months from birth, three months old, six months old, nine months old, ten months old or twelve months old, which correspond to summer, autumn, winter and spring. paraffin sections of hair follicles were stained with sacpic staining and in situ hybridization. the protein of prolatin receptor is abstracted from samples of skin in order to study on expression of prolactin receptor. there are prolactin receptors in outer root sheath, dermal papilla and inner root sheath. the growth of primary follicle is continuous
本實驗從絨山羊出生后每隔三個月采一次皮樣，共分為4個月齡（ 3 、 6 、 9 、 10或12 ）段，通過製作石蠟切片，原位雜交、染色，並提取皮樣蛋白做westernblotting等實驗研究方法，研究了催乳素受體mrna催乳素受體在不同生長季節的內蒙古阿爾巴斯白絨山羊皮膚毛囊中的定位與表達，染色結果發現阿爾巴斯白絨山羊初級毛囊全年持續生長，次級毛囊的生長情況隨季節而變化，秋冬季生長旺盛，夏季生長緩慢與絨毛生成規律呈正相關。Field investigations found that epigenetic reworking deformation fracture include 3 types, named normal relief fracture, fracture filled mud and epigenetic reworking of disturbed belts. and epigenetic reworking of rock mass structural also includes gradual deformation of the blocks that are made up of different attitudes structural planes besides normal relief. through field geological investigations, the features of rock mass structural planes are generalized, especially development laws of interlayer shearing belts, instrastratal shearing belts, faults and base crack
在已有研究成果基礎上，總結了壩區玄武巖的巖相特徵和構造應力場對巖體結構的影響；通過現場調查，總結了3種類型淺表生變形破裂，即正常卸荷型破裂、鬆弛夾泥型破裂和緩傾角錯動帶表生改造；通過野外地質調查，總結了層間錯動帶、層內錯動帶、斷層和基體裂隙的發育規律。The process parameters of preparing nanosized titanium dioxide powders were systematically studied by electrochemical synthesis experiments at room temperature. the rutile phase and anatase phase powders were obtained in the sizes of 9. 7nm and 9. 2nm respectively, and the complete crystal powders were formed after calcined at 400 for two hours. in the process of experiments it was observed that the low current density resulted in rutile phase powders, while the addition of little amount of ions of sulfate promoted the formation of anatase phase powders
在本實驗條件下，小的電流密度有利於金紅石相的生成，而少量硫酸根離子的引入對生成銳鈦礦相粉體有利，調整電流密度大小和引入硫酸根離子的量，可以得金紅石型和銳鈦礦型的混合混體；研究無定型粉體，銳鈦礦相粉體以及金紅石型粉體隨溫度的粒徑變化情況時發現，粉體在400以前晶粒長大相對緩慢， 400以後晶粒粗化現象嚴重。And some experts even believe, the trend in the development of the iax system was, for quite some time, towards keeping high statutory tax rates, but simultaneously provide generous tax incentives tha t reduced the tax base. the basic asymmetry of tax system may favor large concerns, which may be in a better position to take advantage of the provisions in the tax code in certain states of nature. the result may be lower expected average and marginal tax rates, and a lower cost of capital, compared to newer and smaller companies
更有學者認為，在以往很長一段時間里，稅制的發展趨勢是高法定稅率，同時附加大量稅收激勵來縮小稅基，稅制的這種基本不對稱性對大公司有利，可以面對低預計平均和邊際稅率以及低資本成本，然而大公司基於其擴張性的組織結構，與富有彈性的內容提要小公司相比，它轉變供求狀況的適應能力相對遲緩，那麼偏祖于大公司的稅收政策可能會阻礙宏觀經濟增長率和結構調整。The model of this paper explores the links between the following factors and the credit rationing in china. the change of banks " attitude to credit risk may lead to credit rationing ; banks give much more emphasis on the trade cost and the payable value of collateral, which may give rise to credit rationing ; the decreasing of asset price during economic stagnation produces credit rationing ; the bias of banks " objective function from the maximization of profit and the transformation of the function relating to the reform of the financial system cause credit rationing ; if different parts of the whole markets are not integrated, the credit in the part with low capital return ratio will be rationed. during economic recession, banks tend to ration the credit in the high - risk market ; the removing of interest ceiling will narrow down the interest spread of deposit and credit at least during a period, which may strengthen credit rationing ; meanwhile, the vulnerable borrowers, including small and middle - sized enterprises, will get more credit from banks even though they have to pay a higher interest rate
論文的模型探討了下列因素和中國信貸配給現象之間的聯系：商業銀行對信貸風險的態度變化，在辨別和控制信貸風險上開始投入大量的成本，這一過程會導致信貸配給；商業銀行對與法治環境相關的交易成本和抵押品清償價值的日漸關注會導致信貸配給；宏觀經濟緊縮時期資產價格下降會導致信貸配給；商業銀行經營目標函數偏離利潤最大化，近幾年金融業改革過程使商業銀行目標函數發生變化，這一變化過程可能導致信貸配給；在市場分化的條件下，收益水平低的市場會遭受信貸配給；在經濟下滑時期，商業銀行尤其會對高風險市場配給信貸；利率市場化使商業銀行的存貸利差至少在一段時間內縮窄，利差縮窄可能加重信貸配給的程度：在利率市場化條件下，弱勢借款者，包括中小企業，遭受信貸配給的程度可能得到緩解，但支付的貸款利率水平將會升高。At the initial stage of planar technique, b was employed as ideal diffusion impurity in base - region of npn si planar devices because of the match of its solid - solubility and diffusion coefficient in si with those of p in emission - region, and the good shield effect of sio2 film to b. but because of the relatively large solubility ( 5 1020 / cm3 at 1000 ) and the small diffusion coefficient, the linear slowly - changed distribution of acceptor b in pn junction can not be formed, which could not cater to the requirement of high - reversal - voltage devics. thereafter b - a1 paste - layer diffusion technology and close - tube ga - diffusion technology had been developed, while the former can lead to relatively large the base - region deviation and abruptly varied region in si, which caused severe decentralization of current amplification parameter, bad thermal stability and high tr ; the latter needed the relatively difficult pack technique, with poor repeatability, high rejection ratio, and poor diffusion quality and productio n efficiency
在平面工藝初期，由於b在硅中的固溶度、擴散系數與n型發射區的磷相匹配， sio _ 2對其又有良好的掩蔽作用，早被選為npn硅平面器件的理想基區擴散源，但b在硅中的固溶度大（ 1000時達到5 10 ~ （ 20 ） ，擴散系數小， b在硅中的雜質分佈不易形成pn結中雜質的線性緩變分佈，導致器件不能滿足高反壓的要求，隨之又出現了硼鋁塗層擴散工藝和閉管擴鎵工藝，前者會引起較大的基區偏差，雜質在硅內存在突變區域，導致放大系數分散嚴重，下降時間t _ f值較高，熱穩定性差；後者需要難度較大的真空封管技術，工藝重復性差，報廢率高，在擴散質量、生產效率諸方面均不能令人滿意。In the power equipment manufacturing industry, delivery orders in 2006 will be large, which will drive the purchasing orders of the power transmission and transformer industry, with the entire power equipment manufacturing industry expected to grow at a rate of about 20 percent ; output of generating equipment is expected to fall in 2007, and the purchasing price of manufacturers has already started to drop, with few orders after 2008 ; the boom period of the high - voltage power transmission and transformation equipment manufacturing industry will lag behind, which will be favorable in terms of reducing the influence of the generating equipment slump
電力裝備製造業明年要交貨的發電設備訂單仍處于高峰，受其帶動，輸變電行業任務也很飽滿，整個電力裝備製造業有望達到20 %左右的增長；但預計2007年發電設備產量將由高峰開始回落；目前各製造廠訂貨價格已在下滑， 2008年以後的訂單明顯不足；與發電設備相比，高壓輸變電設備製造業的景氣周期將適當滯后，從而有利於緩解發電設備下滑的影響。The obsolete yellow river channel, an unique unit of the landscape, has been improved after many years exploition and cultivation, but no basic change has taken place for farming and living condition, the farmer ' s income is relatively low and industrialization process is slow
摘要黃河故道是一個獨特的地貌單元，經多年的開發治理，其利用現狀亡大有改觀，但該地區農業生產條件尚沒有得到根本改變，農民收入水平相對較低農業產業化發展進程緩慢。In the models, the time dependent parabolic equations, deduced from the mild slope equations with currents or not, are used as the governing equations. based on the general conditions for open and fixed natural boundaries with an arbitrary reflection coefficient and phase shift, the boundary conditions for the present models are treated. the alternative direction implicit method is used to solve the governing equations and the numerical schemes are unconditional stable
在建立模型時，將原始的橢圓型緩坡方程的近似型式? ?依賴時間變化的拋物型方程，作為控制方程；從將開邊界條件、不同反射特性的固壁邊界條件相統一的表達式出發，對邊界條件進行處理；用adi法數值求解控制方程，格式無條件穩定；節省了計算機內存和計算量。When the isotropic waveguide is under the isotropic disturbances, the coupling term due to polarization, which is presented in the coupled - mode theory of the wei - ping huang, is n ' t included in this rigorous vectorial coupled - mode theory, exactly, the rigorous vectorial cmt does n ' t contain the coupling term due to polarization which is include in the scalar coupled - mode theory because this term is counteracted with the other coupling term neglected under weakly guiding approximation. as for anisotropic disturbances, we get the coupled - mode equations with arbitrary dielectric tensors. from them, we obtain the coupled - mode equations of the slowly varying term c ( z ) which is more simplicity
當受到各向同性微擾時，我們發現嚴格的矢量理論所得到的耦合系數表達式中並不包括wei - pinghuang的理論中的偏振耦合項，更確切的說，偏振耦合項正好與因弱導近似而忽略的項相抵消，這就是標量理論所得到結果（有偏振耦合項）與矢量理論在標量近似下的結果（不含偏振耦合項）不一致的原因所在；當各向異性微擾時，我們得到了包含微擾介電張量各個分量的橫電磁場耦合波方程，討論了微擾介電張量各個分量對耦合的影響，而且從橫電磁場耦合波方程出發得到了形式更加簡單的只含有橫電場系數的緩變分量c _ （ z ）的耦合波方程和耦合系數表達式，並以弱導近似下的單模光纖兩正交偏振模耦合為例對耦合系數在不同條件下的取捨做了定性的分析。Through analyzing the scaling mechanism of water injection system in mawangmiao oilfield, applying the measure of scaling prevention, such as improving injection water quality, using glass fiber reinforced plastic materials, changing tubing string structures, and adopting new inhibited acid for acid dipping, the water injection forming scaling in mawangmiao oilfield has been solved, and the water injection development effect has been improved correspondingly in oilfield
通過對馬王廟油田注水系統結垢原理分析，改善注入水水質、使用玻璃鋼材料、改變管柱結構和採用新型緩蝕酸浸泡等防垢措施，較好地解決了馬王廟油田注水系統結垢問題，相應改善了油田注水開發效果。Secondllv in the 1 d random traffic flow model. the relation function between the correlation and the creation. disappearance. brake probabilities of the vehicles is presented. according to the statistical mechanical approach to the spatial correlation functions. the theoretical results agree with that of the computer simulation. thirdh. based on the bml model. a main - road traffic flow model with two speeds on two dimensions is designed. this model simulate the traffic situation of one main road and several branches in the cit traffic lights placed on the crossing. vehicles breaking ~ vhile running and turning to other direction while jamming. we investigate the ~ ' e1ocitv and flo ~ ~ of the model when the initial densitvthe brake and turning probabilities. the green to signal rati3. thc number of the branches and the period of the signal are changed. then the reasons causing all the kinds of phenomena are analvzed. finallv. we simulate the bml model using the method of lattice boltzmann which ~ vas brought out by liu mu - renand obtain the velocity - density graph similar to the previous result. the upper critical densiw above which there are oniv jamming configurations. and the lo ~ ver critical density below which there are only moving configurations are the same as before. the boltzmann function which is on the lattices shows the moving and jaxmning transition obviouslv. thus it proves the possibilit of this method on the traffic research
接著，建立了和研究了二維二速的主幹道模型，該模型模擬了城市交通中一條主幹道，多條支道的交通情況，在幹道與支道的交叉路口設置紅綠燈，車輛在運行中可以有對突發事件發生反應的剎車，在發生堵塞時，路口的車輛可考慮通過轉向來緩解交通等各種實際情況的發生，給出了車輛演化的演化方程，並通過計算機模擬，研究模型在改變車輛的初始密度、剎車概率、轉向概率、支道數、紅綠燈信號的綠信比、紅綠燈信號周期等各種情況下支、主幹道車輛的速度、流量的變化，並分析在各種情況下交通狀況的成因，提出改善交通的有效措施。最後，在劉慕仁提出的用格子boltzmann方法研究一維決定論交通流的思路下，將此法推廣到對二維bml模型的模擬上，得到了與用以往方法的研究結果相類似的速度-密度圖線，且車輛從運動相到堵塞相轉變的上下臨界密度是一致的，同時分別給出車輛在處于暢通相和堵塞相時， boltzmann函數在格子上的分佈情況，進一步驗證了此法的可行性。Research on cmos implementation of wlan transceiver rf front - end is done in this thesis. the transceiver uses the most used super - heterodyne architecture, its rf front - end consists of low noise amplifier, down - converter, up - converter, preamplifier, lo buffer and pll frequency synthesizer
本論文研究無線局域網收發機射頻前端的cmos實現，該收發機採用超外差式的拓撲結構，其射頻前端主要由低噪聲放大器、下變頻器、上變頻器、末前級、本地振蕩信號緩沖器和鎖相環型頻率合成器等模塊組成。( 5 ) rock mass stability analysis on dam abutment of xia luo - yu damsite as follows : in left dam abutment, sideslip control structure has been relatively integrate, and low dip angle jointing did n ' t develop, so integrate sliding deformation control structure could n ' t been formed in three - dimensional space and rock mass stability could n ' t been influenced badly ; in right dam abutment, indicate rock mass distortion was caused by the rock mass mechanics condition, such as specific rock mass structure, compression stress concentrate with high strength and especial landform and so on
（ 5 ）對下落魚壩址壩肩巖體穩定問題的分析得出：左壩肩巖體雖然具有相對較完整的側滑控制結構，但由於緩傾角節理不發育，故在三維空間上不能形成完整的滑移變形控制結構，亦不會對壩肩巖體穩定性產生嚴重影響：右壩肩巖體復雜變形，是在特定的巖體結構、高強度的壓應力集中及特殊的地形等不可或缺的巖體力學條件下產生的。This change is a break when the outside conditions exceed a threshold value with gradually variety. the break is equal to the non - equilibrium phase transition in thermodynamics. ( 6 ) there are two kinds of stable channels
河型轉化是在外界條件緩慢變化過程中，超過某一臨界值而發生的突變，這種突變相當于熱力學中的非平衡相變，是由某些參數的漸變引起的從量變到質變的一個過程。In this scheme, power control is primary to the rate control. when the fading channel changes slowly, the transmit data rate will be kept on an appropriate level, and only the power control works to keep up with the channel fading and balance the sir. but when the channel quality is poor, the data rate will be switched down without sacrificing the ber ; otherwise, high data rate was selected
我們提出的方案根據反饋的sir動態改變數據的速率和功率，其中功率控制優先於速率控制，當通道變化緩慢時，數據率保持在一個相對穩定的值上，調節發射功率來維持sir平衡；當功率調節無法彌補通道的衰落時，則通過調節速率來維持sir的平衡。分享友人