置換的反應 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zhìhuàndefǎnyīng]
置換的反應 英文
displacement redaction
  • 置 : 動詞1. （擱; 放） place; put; lay 2. （設立; 布置） set up; establish; arrange; fix up 3. （購置） buy; purchase
  • 換 : 動詞1. （給人東西同時從他那裡取得別的東西） exchange; barter; trade 2. （變換; 更換） change 3. （兌換） exchange; cash
  • 的 : 4次方是 The fourth power of 2 is direction
  • 反 : Ⅰ名詞1 （方向相背） reverse side 2 （造反） rebellion 3 （指反革命、反動派） counterrevolutionari...
  • 應 : 應動詞1 （回答） answer; respond to; echo 2 （滿足要求） comply with; grant 3 （順應; 適應） suit...
  • 置換 : displace; substitute; supersede; substitution; replacement; permutation; transposition; transposi...
  1. Deposition mechanism of electroless plating tin in acid chloride solutions was analyzed theoretically, and three steps were summed up, including period of replacement reaction, coexistence periods of copper - tin codeposition and self - catalyzed deposition, and period of self - catalyzed deposition

    從理論上系統地分析了酸性氯化物化學鍍錫的沉積機理，將其歸納為置換反應期、銅錫共沉積與自催化沉積共存期和自催化沉積期三個階段。
  2. Abstract : large time delay exists in complicated practical processes. for example, in fccu ( fluidized catalytic cracker unit ) reactor - regenerator, the feed is preheated through heat exchanging from fractional column slurry, thus results in large time delay. a predictive control system is designed for such processes, where the kernal algorithm is dynamic matrix control. application results show that the control behavior is improved than original pid control

    文摘:實際的復雜工業過程，往往具有大的時滯，例如：煉油廠催化裂化裝置的反應再生系統，其原料油預熱通過油漿換熱實現，因此時滯特別大.本文針對這一類大的時滯過程，設計了以動態矩陣控制為核心演算法的預測控制系統，運行實踐表明：這一控制方案比原pid控制在控制質量上有較大提高
  3. The free - phosphine carbene ruthenium complex [ 1, 3 - bis ( 2, 6 - dimethylphenyl ) - 2 - tetrahydroimidazol [ ( c5h5n ) 2 ( cl ) 2ru = chph ( 8 ) was prepared by the reaction of [ 1, 3 - bis ( 2, 6 - dimethylphenyl ) - 2 - tetrahydroimidazol ] ( pph3 ) ( cl ) 2ru = chph ( 7 ) with pyridine and used as a highly effective catalyst for the cross metathesis of acrylonitrile with allylbenzene

    摘要設計了由1 ， 3 -二（ 2 ， 6 -二甲基苯基） 2 -四氫咪唑基苯亞甲基三苯基膦二氯合釕（ 7 ）和吡啶反應生成無膦型金屬釕卡賓化合物1 ， 3 -二（ 2 ， 6 -二甲苯基） 2 -四氫咪唑基苯亞甲基2 -吡啶基二氯合釕（ 8 ） ， 8作為高效催化劑用於丙烯腈和烯丙基苯的交叉交互置換反應。
  4. The form of ion cluster was observed by transforming the [ - so3h ] to [ - so3ag ] and the theory of the forming of cluster was discussed in this thesis. it was concluded that both the ion cluster and multiplet coexist in the membranes

    通過ag +的置換反應，把卜so3hi置換為[一o3agl ，直接觀察到了離子簇的存在形式，探討了離子簇的形成機理，在此基礎上得出了膜中既有離子簇又有多重離子對存在的結論。
  5. Meanwhile, fundamental principles about electroless tin plating by reducing agent and disproportionation reaction were explained. function of every component in the bath was explained that complexing agent can effectively change the potential of copper and tin, and accelerate the beginning of replacement reaction favorably ; reducing agent can increase the rate of chemical reaction and has the effect of promoting reaction dynamics too ; antioxidant can effectively prevent sn2 + in the bath from being oxidated ; additive agent a can improve the stability of the bath ; additive agent b has such effects as refining and brightening for the tin deposits, and it enlarges the range of brightening section ; additive agent c used as leveling agent can not only make the depostis level off, but also improve the dispersive ability of the bath ; surface - active agent can solve bubble problem which gathered on the surface of the deposits, and improve the surface quality of the deposits and the bath stability

    闡述了鍍液中各組分的作用：絡合劑能有效地改變銅、錫的電位，促使初期的置換反應順利進行；還原劑能加快化學反應速度，對反應動力學有積極的促進作用；抗氧化劑能有效地防止鍍液中sn ~ （ 2 + ）的氧化；添加劑a能提高鍍液的穩定性，添加劑b對鍍層能有細化和光亮作用，擴大了鍍層光亮區的范圍；添加劑c作為平滑劑，不僅能增強鍍層表面的平整性，而且能提高鍍液的分散能力；表面活性劑較好地解決了化學鍍過程中汽泡在鍍件表面聚集的問題，提高了鍍層的表面質量和鍍液的穩定性。
  6. Study on competition reaction and replacement reaction of metallothioneins with lead ion

    金屬硫蛋白結合鉛離子的競爭反應和置換反應研究
  7. By using circular dichroism spectroscopy method and ultraviolet absorption spectrophotometry, competition reaction and replacement reaction of metallothioneins with lead ion were investigated

    Mt - 。採用圓二色性cd光譜法和紫外uv吸收光譜法研究金屬硫蛋白結合鉛離子的競爭反應和置換反應。
  8. In cuo + sio2 + tio2 / al reaction system, the element ti which is replaced in the reaction makes the microstructure of composite thin and the matrix strong. the mechanical properties of the composites fabricated by this reaction system are much finer than the ones fabricated by cuo + sio2 / al and cuo + tio2 / al reaction system. in cuo + tio2 / al reaction system, the wild phase al3ti is very large and it is disadvantageous to the improvement of composites " properties

    在四種原位反應體系中， cuo + sio _ 2 + tio _ 2 al原位反應過程中被置換出來的金屬元素ti細化了基體組織，並起到了固溶強化的作用，所制備的復合材料的微觀組織與機械性能明顯優于cuo + sio _ 2 al與cuo + tio _ 2 al原位反應體系所制備的復合材料。
  9. Secondly, i applied the method of matrix analysis to build up mathematic model of swaying platform, and solved the question of motion anti - solution, velocity and acceleration. then i analyzed the dynamics problems of the swaying platform. based on the calculation of the swaying platform ’ s force and moment, built up the dynamics equations of swaying platform by using virtual work principle

    其次，應用矩陣分析和齊次坐標變換建立了搖擺臺的運動學數學模型，從反運動學的角度分析了搖擺臺的位置、速度和加速度的反解方程;分析了搖擺臺的動力學問題，通過對搖擺臺的驅動桿進行附加力和附加力矩計算，並利用達朗貝爾原理和虛功原理，建立了搖擺臺的動力學方程。
  10. There is difference frequency measurement requirement for every part of pid regulating, difference between dynamic quality and static quality in response time and accuracy. according to these, it use the interrupt functions and high - speed counter of the simens s7 - 200 plc cpu226 basic unit and some peripheral circuit to measure frequency ; in software designed, the procedure frame of hydraulic - turbine governor and disperse process of parallel pid are analyzed, an improved pid algorithm is adopted to realize a pid regulation mode with variable structure and parameters ; the mechanical liquid - pressure system of the hydraulic - turbine governor is with electric - hydraulic converter unit of step motor. according to the drive character of five phase of response step motor, a variable frequency regulated voltage driver unit is designed in order to realize interface between plc and driver of step motor

    本文利用s7 - 200plc自身的特點設計了頻率測量單元，根據pid調節各個環節的特點，以及調速器動態特性、靜態特性對頻率測量的實時性和精度要求的不同，利用s7 - 200plc基本單元中內置的高速計數器以及相應的外圍放大整形、分頻電路，實現了水輪發電機組頻率的測量；在軟體上，對微機調速器的整個程序框架、並聯pid的離散化過程進行了分析，選用改進的pid演算法實現了變參數、變結構的pid調節模式；調速器的機械液壓隨動系統具有步進電機電液轉換元件，採用五相反應式步進電機，根據其驅動特性設計了變頻調壓驅動器，實現plc與步進電機驅動器之間數字介面。
  11. Patients in the control group were treated with comprehensive therapy including symptomatic supportive treatment, antiinfective therapy and artificial liver plasmapheresis etc., while those in the treated group were orally taken szrd additionally. patients condition of sleeping and changes of total bilirubin prothrombin activity, tumor necrosis factor and interleukin1 il1 were observed before and after treatment, and the adverse reactions were observed as well

    對照組採用對癥支持抗感染人工肝血漿置換等綜合治療，治療組在此治療基礎上，加用酸棗仁湯口服治療2周，觀察兩組患者睡眠情況，檢測治療前後血清總膽紅素tbil凝血酶原活動度pta腫瘤壞死因子tnf和白細胞介素1 il1等指標，並觀察藥物的不良反應。
  12. General comments on teaching and studying the conversion reactions

    芻議置換反應的教與學
  13. The reaction mechanism and the latest research status of displacement fluorination of aromatics are summarized, and the development trends are forecasted also

    摘要綜述了芳香族置換氟化的反應機理與最新研究狀況，並展望了其未來發展前景。
  14. Solvent replacement experiment provided direct evidence that there was water - rich adsorption layer and the reaction took place in the layer. the changes of the water in adsorption system were determined by kf - 1 water microdetector and from these data the volume of the adsorption layer on sio2 was calculated

    首先用溶劑置換實驗驗證了納米反應器的存在且是反應和粒子生長的場所；再結合卡爾?費休水分測定儀測定了吸附體系中水分的變化，計算了sio _ 2表面吸附層的厚度。
  15. For the special physical and chemical character of aluminum, a nickel layer is deposited before electroplating. it can avoid the active surface of aluminum oxidized again or substitution reaction in the bath

    由於鋁特殊的物化性質，電鍍鎳鉻合金前採用預鍍鎳的工藝，避免活化后的鋁基體表面再次被氧化或在鍍液中發生置換反應。
  16. The analysis results and suggestions have been adopted in the structural design. from above analysis, the thesis gets conclusions as following : ( 1 ) total shearing forces under earthquake action in stories under transfer story increase as position of transition story elevated, which is the negative impact resulted from higher position of transfer story and the regulations of position of transfer story in code is reasonable

    本文的分析結果及建議已用於該工程的結構設計中，對于轉換層位置及形式對復雜高層建築結構地震反應的影響問題，主要得出以下一般性結論：地震作用下，轉換層下部樓層的層總地震剪力和彎矩隨轉換層位置的增高有所增大，這是轉換層位置較高帶來的不利影響，規范對轉換層位置進行限制是適當的。
  17. The reaction conditions, such as the ratio and adding order of rectants, reaction temperature, reaction time and displacers, were investigated

    考察了原料摩爾比、加料順序、反應溫度、反應時間、置換劑等對反應結果的影響。
  18. There has been an increasing interest in the production of particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites by the replacement reaction between low - cost oxides and al

    採用廉價氧化物與al的置換反應來制備al _ 2o _ 3顆粒增強鋁基復合材料的方法是目前的研究熱點。
  19. The mechanism of solid - state displacement reaction has been studied, the solid - state displacement reaction path has been analyzed, the mechanical properties of composites has been tested

    Mo - si - c三元系穩定性化學勢相圖是定量分析mo _ 2c - si固態置換反應反應路徑的重要手段。
  20. The stabilized chemical potential diagrams combined with the equilibrium phase diagrams of mo - si - c ternary system arid the principles of thermodynamic, kinetic, mass - balance could be applied to analyzing and judging reaction paths of in situ synthesis of mosi2 - sic composites through solid - state displacement reactions theoretically. 3

    該相圖結合平衡相圖和熱力學、物料平衡、動力學原則，可以作為分析和判斷固態置換反應原位合成mosi _ 2 - sic復合材料反應路徑的理論依據之一，並從理論上分析了固態置換反應原位合成mosi _ 2 - sic復合材料可能的反應路徑。
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