能力與義務 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [nénglìyǔyìwù]
能力與義務 英文
ability and obligation
  • 能 : 能名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 力 : Ⅰ名1 （力量; 能力） power; strength; ability; capacity 2 [物理學] （改變物體運動狀態的作用） forc...
  • 義 : Ⅰ名詞1 （正義） justice; righteousness 2 （情誼） human ties; relationship 3 （意義） meaning; si...
  • 務 : Ⅰ名詞1 （事情） affair; business 2 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ動詞1 （從事; 致力） be engaged in; devote...
  • 能力 : ability; capacity; capability
  1. The relation between country and society will seem towering, inharmonious, and they can not benignly stir each other. and also being unable to fix respective jurisdiction and responsibility in a clear limit, not only the choice and assignment system, the authority and the responsibility by masters in the inne

    而無法清晰界定各自權限、責任，則不但選任制度、體制內主體所掌握的權力與所負公共責任可能異化，而且會導致兩種現象：其一，鄉民對國家義務的責任模糊；其二，體制內主體越過自己權限侵犯鄉民正當權益，損害其福利，也損害黨和政府政治合法性基礎。
  2. This article contains three parts, five chapters. the first part introduces the incentive models of actual bonus stock synoptically, analyses the stock on hand, option shares and stock option, the three kind of important incentive models, on rights and incumbencies, value and the incentive guidance by contrast. the second part discusses the difficulties and influential factors in the design of technical bonus stock, quests for the incentive models of technical bonus stock, analyses superiority and inferior position in action, difference and interosculation between them, discusses the need and significance for the technical bonus stock reanimation in the middle - small technicalfilms. in order to make use of the technical bonus stock distribution mechanism fully, inspire the talent of technologists, encourage their devotion to films, we have some important discussion on the technical bonus stock distribution policy, introduce the distributed models of technical bonus stock, point out the questions in the excutive course, and offer the solution correspondingly. in the third part, we discuss the technical stock option design on middle - small technical films, and consider the logical thoughtfulness in the course of reanimation as follows : the more outstanding achievement for the powered man the more increase on special target the lower price on technical option premium the more profit the more effective reanimation. in the parameter, a set of detailed program is designed, which includes establishment of incentive fund, institution of merit system for the plan ' s grantors, award of stock option, determination of premium, so as to reduce random in the incentive course, have a great effect on the mormative management for the

    本文內容共分為五章三大部分，第一部分概括性地介紹了現行股權激勵方式，對現股、期股和期權這三種重要的激勵方式，從權利義務、價值和激勵導向三個方面進行了對比分析；第二部分探討了技術股權設計的難點和影響因素，討論了我國中小科技企業技術股權激勵的方式，分析它們在激勵中的優勢和不足，以及它們之間的區別與聯系，並對中小科技企業實施技術股權激勵的必要性和意義進行了探討。在文中還重點討論了中小科技企業技術股權分配的策略，介紹了技術股權紅利分配方式，指出在技術股權激勵過程中應注意的問題，並提出相應的解決辦法，目的在於充分利用技術股權分配機制，來激發技術人員潛在的創新能力，激勵他們為企業作貢獻；第三部分著重探討了中小科技企業技術股份期權的方案設計，在激勵方面，按照技術期權獲受人的業績越突出特定的指標增長越快行權價越低獲利越多激勵效果越好的邏輯思路進行考慮；在參數設計方面，對技術期權計劃中激勵基金、授予和考核、行權價格等參數進行了詳細地分析設計，旨在減少技術期權激勵過程中的隨意性，為中小科技企業的規范化管理起到一定的指導和借鑒作用。
  3. It is argued that 1 ) the exemption rights party is entitled to the right to apply for bankruptcy except that it secures the debt of someone other than itself with its own property ; 2 ) the credits entitled to exemption rights shall be declared within the expiry set by law, otherwise it shall lose the right of preconsideration ; 3 ) regarding the position of the exemption rights " party at the creditors meeting, the bankruptcy law stipulates that it has no voting power for the meeting ' s decision, but on the other hand, the bankruptcy law also stipulates that the decision is binding on it

    第三部分別除權人的破產申請權與債權申報等問題，文章認為， 1 、別除權人享有破產申請權，但破產人以其財產為他人擔保時，別除權人無破產申請權。 2 、享有別除權的債權也須在法定期限內申報，否則不能優先受償。 3 、關于別除權人在債權人會議中的地位，我國破產法一方面規定其對債權人會議的議案無表決權，另一方面又規定債權人會議的決議對其有約束力，權利與義務不相對應，顯然是對別除權人利益的不當損害，應加以修改，別除權人對與其利益相關的事項應當享有表決權。
  4. National educational inspector ought to accord with following postulate : ( one ) the main line that holds to a party, have deep love for socialism to teach a career ; ( 2 ) law of familiar concerned education, code, guiding principle, policy, have stronger professional ability, working gain is outstanding ; ( 3 ) have stronger organization harmonious ability and stronger oral with written expression ability ; ( 4 ) have record of formal schooling of above of university undergraduate course or coequal knowledge, be engaged in education manages or education, research works 10 years above ; ( 5 ) level of executive authority deputy hall and above, or have middle and primary school fancy teacher name, colleges and universities and scientific research orgnaization advanced and professional technical position ; ( 6 ) hold to a principle, handle affairs justice, behave well, clean - fingered self - discipline ; ( 7 ) healthy, can assure to perform duty of national educational inspector and the time that the task that finish needs

    國家督學應當符合下列基本條件： （一）堅持黨的基本路線，熱愛社會主義教育事業； （二）熟悉有關教育法律、法規、方針、政策，具有較強的業務能力，工作實績突出； （三）具有較強的組織協調能力和較強的口頭與書面表達能力； （四）具有大學本科以上學歷或同等學力，從事教育治理或者教學、研究工作10年以上； （五）行政機關副廳級及以上，或具有中小學特級教師稱號，高等學校和科研機構等正高級專業技術職務； （六）堅持原則，辦事公道，品行端正，廉潔自律； （七）身體健康，能夠保證履行國家督學職責和完成任務所必需的時間。
  5. " fundamentally, active documents are a disruptive technology, bringing with them a wave of sweeping change that will affect not only the software systems that create and interact with them, but also the human systems that define workflow and business processes.

    「從根本上講，活動文檔是一種具有巨大改造能力的技術，它所帶來的一系列改變將不僅影響創建這些文檔及與之交互的軟體系統，而且影響定義工作流程和業務流程的人員系統。 」
  6. To settle the disadvantages of the learning evaluation system in chinese, this paper, on the basis of " compulsory national education curriculum standard of courses for chinese ", probes into some ideas, in the aspects of the relation between knowledge and abilities, procedure and method, affection and values ; in the fields of becoming literate, reading, writing, oral communication and comprehensive learning, which emphasize the process of chinese learning and the formative evaluation taking on the characters of the variety of evaluated subjects, evaluating programs and evaluating methods, fully exert the positive influence of the diagnostic, encouraging and feedback effect, in order to maximize the output and efficiently boost the development of students

    單一的評價方法脫離了學生的心智發展，脫離了語文本身的文化屬性和審美屬性。語文課程評價的目的最終是為了促進學生語文素養的形成和發展。本文針對現行語文學習評價方法的局限性，以《全日制義務教育語文課程標準（實驗稿） 》為依據，從知識與能力、過程與方法、情感態度與價值觀等維度，對識字與寫字、閱讀、寫作、口語交際、綜合性學習五個方面，關注學生語文學習過程，在實踐中探求評價主體多元、項目多種和形式多樣的形成性評價方法，充分發揮評價的診斷、激勵、反饋等功能，有效地促進學生發展。
  7. Although uml activity diagram is magnitude component in uml, which agrees with modeling system dynamic process and describing workflow, it is immature in itself with the characteristic of non - oriented - object and essentially different from other uml diagram, and need to be ameliorated especially when applicated in workflow, own to the following limitation : firstly, activity diagram describes the behaviors of object class that response the inner action, so uml activity diagram is generally on the assumption of that there is no interruption caused by outer events during the process and no time defer, which limits the ability of uml activity diagram discribing complicated process ; secondly, user cannot obtain enough information of object data, and cannot make sure the character of mutual objects because of actually complicated object and relatively simple object expression in uml activity diagram ; lastly, owe to lacking rigorous mathematical basis and strict, effective methods of validation and analysis, uml activity diagram cannot support the simulation and optimization of workflow, let alone optimizating the model based on the result

    Uml活動圖是uml的重要組成部分，適用於系統動態行為建模和描述工作流，與uml的其他圖形工具不同，它本質上是非面向對象的，而且其本身並不成熟，仍在改進之中，特別是在工作流應用方面。首先， uml活動圖描述的是響應內部處理的對象類的行為， uml活動圖通常假定在整個計算處理的過程中沒有外部事件引起的中斷，也沒有時間的延遲，這就限制了uml活動圖對一些復雜過程描述能力。第二，現實世界業務過程涉及的對象數據十分復雜，但是uml活動圖的對象語義卻非常簡略，用戶基本上無法從uml活動圖中獲取關于對象數據的信息，也不能確定參與交互的對象的特徵。
  8. By analyzing the reason of china ' s 23 veto castings, it can conclude that china ' s veto castings inevitably represent her national interests, moreover, to enable the problems to be settled fairly, reasonably and effectively under the direction of the un. china always combines the national interests and the interests of international society in an organic way to keep her words, " since china takes part in the un, china must handle everything in accordance with the principle " this serious and discreet attitude towards the right of veto makes striking contrast against some great powers " way of using veto casings like waving the stick wantonly, and establishes the image of a responsible permanent member of the security council keeping to the aim and principle of un charter and international laws

    通過分析中國恢復聯合國合法席位以來的23次否決權使用記錄，可以看到中國的否決權行使雖然仍是以維護本國利益為根本出發點，但為了使相關問題能在聯合國的框架內得到公正、合理、有效的解決，中國總是努力把自己的個體利益與國際社會的普遍利益有機結合起來，以實踐「中國既然參加聯合國的工作，就要按原則辦事」的諾言，這種嚴肅與慎重的態度與一些大國置自身義務于不顧，肆意揮舞否決權大棒的行為形成了鮮明對比，體現了一個恪守《聯合國憲章》與國際法基本準則的，負責任的安理會常任理事國形象。
  9. Rights to land were linked to a household's ability to settle, cultivate, and meet the tax obligations on the land.

    土地權與一個國家的開墾、耕種能力相聯系，並與土地的納稅義務相適應。
  10. In view of the general prevalence of the obscure financial orientation, backward management mode and ambiguous property right and disorderly capital management of the conglomerates, this article, for the purpose of effectively ironing out the series of existing problems, puts forward the augment that corporate groups ’ financial management mode must be persistently based on capital operation as its core, thus demonstrating the principle of the organic combination of the centralized power and decentralized power, establishing a financial management mode characterized by the integration of centralized power and decentralized power, which will be conducive to bringing into full play the financial control function of the parent company and the subsidiaries, stimulating the initiative and creativity of the subsidiaries and effectively controlling the risks of the operators and the subsidiaries

    以建築施工、房地產開發為主營業務的大型集團型國有企業為例，他們在財務管理方面普遍存在著分權過度的問題，對子公司的財務行為難以統一協調，無法合理配置有效資源，致使企業集團的凝聚力、控制力難以實現。因此，構建有效的財務管理體制，強化企業集團的財務管理職能，灌輸財務管理的戰略思想已迫在眉梢。因此，本人希望充分利用本人在吉林大學的三年碩士班學習掌握的財務管理知識，結合導師指導和自身工作體會來了解分析當前企業集團存在制約企業集團良性發展的普遍問題入手，基於集團的組織模式、制度建設，預算管理等方面進行深刻剖析，結合現實案例系統並有針對性的提出了一套具體的集團企業財務管理戰略模式，以期能對企業集團的生存與發展具有較好的現實意義。
  11. Obligee bank is unable to stop obligors from moving, concealing and illegal treating their properties because commercial banks ca n ' t save their own debt efficiently without the right of administrative punishment. the main reason is the principle of debt ' s relativity, which limits the efficiency of debt between the obligee and obligor

    債權銀行對債務人轉移、藏匿、私分財產或以抵押財產為他人擔保等方式損害金融債權的行為往往無能為力，究其原因，主要在於債的相對性原則將債的效力局限於債權人與債務人之間，債權人只能向債務人請求履行特定義務，不得對第三人產生影響。
  12. Finally, based on studies of the last 20 years development and current situation, utilizing the statistic information, we have planned the development stage and strategic guiding ideas, implementation steps and measure ( lay emphasis on service quality and customer satisfaction, external marketing and management, etc. ) of international tourism development in china

    因此，在旅遊業中，服務營銷理論的研究、應用以及對實踐操作的探討成為當務之急。如何吸收和消化西方旅遊業服務市場營銷理論，加強對我國國際旅遊業服務營銷的研究，提高管理人員把握和應用這些理論與技巧的能力，無疑是具有十分重要的意義。
  13. The independence of elderly people should also be fostered. services and activities of community centers for the elders can be strengthened. regular physical check - up and health seminars should be conducted to promote elderly people s physical well - being. encouraging elderly people to participate in voluntary work can also enhance their self - confidence and expand their social support networks

    此外，亦應加強長者中心的服務；透過定期健康檢查，健康講座等提高長者的健康水平；提高長者獨立能力；並鼓勵長者參與義工服務，以增強他們的自信心，對自我形象的肯定，及鞏固長者的社交網路。
  14. The concrete contents include : one background : with the comparison with the western countries, our compulsory education displays a strong government - oriented behavior, which is the root of success and potential failures in our compulsory education two clues : in " ought to be " level, it is " local quasi - public goods - - polycentri supply " and in " be " level, " pure public goods - - monopolized supply by government " one theoretic judgment : the separation of manufacture and provide in compulsory education, which gives the chance for polycentri manufacture of compulsory education one center point : to stick to the main responsibilities of government in providing and managing the compulsory education three contents : subject ( which ? ) : local governments are the responsibilities subject of compulsory education substances ( what ? ) : to ensure the compulsory education ' s public good from the nature, and compulsory education ' s development abilities of the whole local government from the quantity measures ( how ? )

    具體內容有： ?一個背景：在中西方義務教育比較出的基本特徵中表現出的強烈的政府驅動，我國義務教育所取得的成績和所蘊涵的危機都在於此?兩條線索：理論應然層面上的「地方性的準公共產品? ?多中心供給」和實然層面上的「純公共產品? ?政府壟斷供給（單中心） 」 ?一個理論判斷：義務教育的生產與提供的分離? ?義務教育的多中心生產的可能性?一個中心：堅持政府在義務教育中責任的主要性? ?提供與管理?三項內容主體（哪一級政府） ：根據博奕理論，地方政府是我國義務教育的責任主體內容（負什麼責任） ：質上保證義務教育的公益性，量上保證各地方在義務教育發展力上的均衡措施（怎樣負責人通過政府間的轉移支付保證義務教育中的程序正義，通過義務教育的多中心生產，把「麵包做大」保證義務教育中的實質正義當然，在此對本文內容的區分梳理，只是一種思路的順序。
  15. According to this the fatigue is separated into five parts : muscle, sensation, information, thinking and creation fatigue. driving fatigue is mainly composed of the sensation fatigue and the operation fatigue. it is actually at first to get ideas about the driving fatigue equilibrium mechanism, the driving fatigue information operation mechanism, the matching mechanism for the driving fatigue and driving operation

    本文在理論上將作業定義為五種模式：肌肉作業、感知作業、信息處理作業、思維作業和創造性作業模式；在此基礎上將疲勞劃分為五種模型即：肌肉作業疲勞、感知作業疲勞、信息處理作業疲勞、思維作業疲勞和創造性作業疲勞模型；將駕駛作業疲勞構建為以駕駛員感知疲勞和駕駛員信息處理疲勞為主的核心模式；進一步深化了駕駛疲勞機理分析，提出駕駛疲勞失衡性機理、駕駛疲勞信息處理機理、駕駛疲勞對駕駛能力與駕駛任務要求匹配性機理新觀點。
  16. In addition, the solvency of insurance company and its business dimensions also have direct connection, unduly is blind augment business dimensions, the solvency that drops insurance company, insurance company once solvency is insufficient, perhaps lose solvency, what cannot fulfill insurance contract to set is compulsory, not only insurance company is faced with close down, still harm insurant interest directly, can make whole insurance breaks his promise even at civilian, break one ' s promise at the society

    此外，保險公司的償付能力與其業務規模也有直接聯系，不適當地盲目擴充業務規模，將降低保險公司的償付能力，保險公司一旦償付能力不足，或者喪失償付能力，不能履行保險合同規定的義務，不僅保險公司面臨倒閉，還直接損害被保險人利益，甚至會使整個保險業失信於民、失信于社會。
  17. In spite of the apparently close tie between women ' s capacity for childbearing and lactation on the one hand and their responsibilities for the child care on the other, and in spite of the probable prehistoric convenience ( and perhaps survival necessity ) of a * * * ual division of labor in which women mothered, biology and instinct do not provide adequate explanations for how women come to mother

    盡管女人哺乳和養育孩子的能力與她們照顧孩子的義務之間關系密不可分是顯而易見的，也盡管可能是史前的勞動性別分工的便利（也許是生存的需要）要求女人養育孩子，生物學和遺傳學並沒有對女人何以成為母親的緣由給予充分的解釋。
  18. The two systems of subject of crime is rebuilt by redefinition, elements, rights and obligations of the defendant in criminal suit, and the status of the two types of subject of crime system of subject of crime, and how to judge the general subject of crime, etc. setting up the ability of crime is most important, and it explains the relationship between the ability of crime and the ability of criminal " liability, because it will directly break the traditional system of subject of crime

    無論是對自然人一般犯罪主體還是對單位一般犯罪主體，筆者都是按照它們的定義、內部構成要素、它們在刑事訴訟中應享有的權利和應承擔的義務、在犯罪主體體系中的地位以及對它們如何進行判定等五個方面進行構建。其中，犯罪能力的設置最為重要。同時，闡明犯罪能力與刑事責任能力的關系。
  19. The combination of campus net and project learning will fully reflect the principle of opening trait, inquiry trait, combination trait of project learning, and will finish the studying task of project learning better. the topic research emphasize the developing of the ability and awareness, not the study of some specific knowledge. by building physics project learning net in campus net, the website specially for the service of the project learning, we can finish the basic process from collecting materials exchanging ideas and discussion, determining the topic, carrying out the research evaluating the result and so on, and we can also develop the ability of the students collecting materials. combination of being united using the internet, and we can also lay the solid foundation for the real future science research. the students can determine the topic in physics project learning on their own, and they can communicate with the teachers and classmates conveniently and solve the contradiction between the traditional class - teaching mode and the project learning

    教育部採用的是狹義上的研究性學習，在高中物理進行研究性學習還處于探索階段，本文從目的、目標、特點、實施過程及案例做了階段性總結，它是實施素質教育，培養學生創新精神和實踐能力的一個重要方面，校園網與研究性課程的結合，將充分體現研究性課程學習的開放性、探究性、過程性、實踐性、合作性原則，較好地完成研究性課程的學習任務。課題研究主要著眼于這些能力與意識的培養，而不在於某項具體知識的學習。通過在校園網中建立「物理研究性課程學習網」這一專門為研究性課程學習服務的網站，能夠完成從收集資料、交流討論、確定課題、實施研究、成果評價等研究性課程學習的基本過程，並且能培養學生運用因特網收集資料、團結協作的能力，為將來開展真正的科學研究打好扎實的基礎。
  20. The administrative authority for industry and commerce is responsible for supervising and managing enterprise credit. from the angle of the administrative authority for industry and commerce supervising and managing enterprise credit, the intention of the article is to rsearch why to supervise, how to supervise, what to supervise, and what to standard, so as to guide the work better and serve the general industry and commerce administration cadre. based on the achievement before and the study on public administration with theory and method, the article analyzes the main question which exists in present enterprise credit supervising and managing, discusses in the new situation working at the administration for industry and commerce enterprise credit supervising and managing as the basic function and the essential target, further proposes strengthening and improving the thoughts of enterprise credit supervising and managing mentality, relations which to deal with, in order to be good for the practice

    市場經濟既是法制經濟，也是信用經濟，企業信用狀況直接關系市場交易安全和經濟秩序，作為主管市場監管和行政執法的工商行政管理機關，有權力、有義務、有責任對企業信用履行監管職責，全文從理論與實踐相結合的角度，論述了工商行政管理部門企業信用監管在推進企業信用建設和強化市場監管執法中的重要意義，分析了目前工商部門企業信用監管中存在的主要問題，討論了新形勢下工商部門企業信用監管的基本職能和主要目標，進一步提出了加強和改進工商部門企業信用監管的思路、對策及應需處理的關系，以期對目前工商行政管理部門企業信用監管實踐有所裨益。
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