能量估算 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [néngliánggūsuàn]
能量估算
英文
energy budget-
The additional flow is formed by the device of dentoid baffle, and the application of the device of dentoid baffle cooperated with a stilling basin has been investigated by systematic model tests. based on the research results, the hydraulic problems such as the characteristics of hydrodynamic pressure and cavitation on the head of the denotid baffle, the properties of flow under the condition that the device of denotid baffle is used with a stilling basin, the hydraulic computation about a stilling basin, the estimation of energy dissipation and its various affection factors, the mechanism and effect of energy dissipation, and distributions of velocity and pressure and aerating concentration, etc, have been analyzed ; the method and step of hydraulic design of device of denotid baffle by which the additional flow is produced has also been proposed
文中利用齒墩設施實現附加射流，對齒墩設施與消力池聯合應用進行了大量的和系統的模型試驗，分析研究了中低佛勞德數條件下，齒墩墩頭的動水壓強及空化特性，齒墩設施與消力池聯合應用時的流態特性，消力池的水力計算，消能量的估算及其各種影響因素，消能機理和效果，消力池內的流速、壓強特性，摻氣濃度分佈等水力學問題，並提出了實現附加射流齒墩設施的水力設計方法和步驟。But my focus was specially laid on the decision - making of investment under uncertainty and with competition, i first. extend the basic model of dixit & pindyck ' s by allowing the relevant parameter to be a random variable, then proposed an numerical example to show how to solve this model, i gave the algorithm and did the comparative static analysis, finally i developed a model of duopoly under uncertainty, considering the competition between the firms explicitly, using roa, i calculated the two firm ' s values respectively when they take different roles - to be leader or follower, and then checked the possible equilibriums
本文的重點是考察在同時存在不確定性和競爭的情況下，如何用實物期權的理論估算投資項目的價值，為此，文中發展了兩個模型，第一個模型是對dixit & pindyck的模型的擴展，它通過一個相關的隨機變量來考察競爭對項目價值的影響，但沒有考慮企業間的相互博弈，文中給出了一個例子詳細地說明了該模型的求解並做了敏感性分析；第二個模型是一個不確定情況下的雙寡頭模型，文中給出了用實物期權方法計算的兩企業在處于領導者和跟隨者兩種不同境況時的價值，並將企業間的相互博弈考慮在內，考察了可能的均衡狀態。Secondly, based on the microbeam analytical technique, on the one hand, through investigating the characteristic of major elements in the mantle minerals the author acquired the static information from mantle ; on the other hand, through multi - point analysis of a part of the minerals from mantle, the auther got dynamic information from mantle. finally, generalizating the fruits of this study and predecessors, the autor holds that the constituents of lithospheric mantle possibly includes spinel lherzolites, clinopyroxenites, websterite, dunite, harzburgites, garnet lherzite, phlogopite lherzite, eclogites, clinopyroxene megacrysts ; compared with east china and north china platform, the research field mantle shows the characteristics of higher degree of partial melting processes and more depleted mantle ; the. upper mantle beneath north hetian area is heterogeneous, with a tendency of deficit in a12o3 and lree from kaliyang in west hetian to the river basin of kalakshi river and yulongkashi river ; the subduction of the crust beneath north hetian has ever occurred in geological history and caused the mixing of mantle - crust ; the depth of the origination of basaltic magmas beneath north hetian exceeds 73km ; the thickness of the lithosphere beneath the research area amounts to 204. 9km ; the mantle beneath north hetian has geological condtions for forming diamond deposits
最後，綜合本區幔源礦物和地幔巖石的特徵以及地球物理資料，得出如下結論：本區上地幔的物質組成有尖晶石二輝橄欖巖、二輝巖、單斜輝石巖、純橄欖巖、方輝橄欖巖、石榴石二輝橄欖巖、金雲母二輝橄欖巖、榴輝巖；與中國東部以及華北地臺上地幔相比，研究區上地幔具有富集主元素中相容元素和虧損其中的不相容元素的特徵，局部熔融程度較高；上地幔存在橫向和縱向的不均一性，從西部的克里陽到喀拉喀什河和玉龍喀什河流域， al和lree富集程度呈下降趨勢，不同來源的相同礦物中主元素的含量差異較大；地質歷史時期這里可能發生過地殼俯沖並產生殼幔混合作用；玄武巖漿的起源深度73km ；從幔源重砂礦物的溫壓估算結果，可以推斷出巖石圈厚度可達204 . 9km ；綜合巖石圈物質組成特徵、巖石圈熱狀態、地幔溫壓狀態、氧逸度以及幔源巖石和幔源礦物的化學成分，認為研究區具備了金剛石成礦地幔地質條件。A one - dimensional oceanic mixed layer model with the m - y level - 2. 5 turbulence closure schemes is employed. the rate of energy loss by breaking waves is estimated by parameterization and incorporated into the model as a source of turbulence kinetic energy ( tke ) by modifying the existing surface boundary condition of tke equation. the velocity field and turbulence energy budget are calculated under different forcing conditions ( the results given below are for a wind speed of 20 m / s. )
採用一維2 . 5階湍封閉混合層模式，根據參數化方法對波浪破碎導致的能量耗散率進行了估計，通過改變湍動能方程的上邊界條件引入波浪破碎對湍動能生成的影響，計算了不同風應力強迫下的混合層流場結構和湍能量收支（下述給出的結果是取風速為20m s得到的） 。Based on the terszige and biot theory, initially analyze the economical of this experiment, directly save investment 22 % after compute. after that, computing the settlement of highway foundation, comparing the computing and survey value, the predict formula of vacuum - heaped load combining precompression for designing, this formula show that the distortion law of consolidation progress. at the same time, based on the position and room experiment, analyzes the intension transformation in soft soil and criteria of stabilization control
在太沙基和比奧固結理論的基礎上，先分析了此次試驗的經濟性，經核算直接節約投資22 ，經濟效益十分明顯；隨后對真空堆載聯合預壓法加固軟土路基的沉降量進行了估算，並與實測值作對比分析，得出了真空堆載聯合預壓下的沉降量估算公式，能反映「真空」加固過程的變化規律；同時根據現場和室內試驗，分析了軟土強度的變化，以及給出並驗證了工后沉降控制標準。In this thesis hydraulic experimental studies and theoretical analyses on the vortex - flow drop shaft were conduced and the following results were accomplished : ( 1 ) in the model test some hydraulic characteristics including the shape of air core in the center of the drop shaft, the radial distribution of water flow velocity and the distribution of pressure on the wall of the drop shaft were measured under the condition of high water head above 250m and large discharge above 1400m3 / s. ( 2 ) a kind of computational method for the spiral water flow in the air core region of drop shaft was discussed and applied and the results agree the experimental data well. ( 3 ) the total ratio of energy dissipation in the drop shaft can reach 90 % and the energy dissipation in every region was discussed quantitatively
本文通過試驗研究與理論分析對旋流式豎井泄洪洞應用於高水頭、大泄流量情況時存在的一些水力學問題進行了研究和探討，取得以下主要成果：一、結合小灣工程導流洞改建，對高水頭（ 252m ） 、大泄流量（ 1400m ~ 3 s ）條件下旋流式豎井中的水流運動特徵進行了比較全面的測量，包括空腔形態、徑向流速分佈及井壁壓強等；二、提出了豎井空腔段螺旋水流水力計算方法，其計算結果與實測值吻合良好；三、利用試驗與計算結果，對旋流式豎井的消能機理進行了探討，對豎井各部分的消能能力有了總體認識；四、對豎井下部消力井的合理井深進行了優化試驗研究，發現消力井合理深度為0 . 9d左右；五、通過試驗研究，歸納出豎井水流總摻氣量估算方法，為導流洞排氣方案的設計提供了參考依據；六、在高水頭、大流量條件下，豎井空腔段下部流速很高，盡管水流螺旋運動引起的離心力可以確保井壁壓強保持正壓，但空化數依然較低，因此豎井的空化空蝕始終是工程界關注的重大問題。At present, whereas so many reasons such as its using function changing from irrigation to city water supply, the increasing of importance, the original design standard on the low side, the damage and aging of structure, the demand for seismic fortify in strong earthquake region and offering data of technical alteration for adding flux aftertime, it is important for safety and seismic capability of this aqueduct bridge
目前，該渡槽使用功能由灌溉輸水改為城市供水、實際重要性提高、鑒于原設計標準偏低、結構的病害和老化破損以及地處強震區對抗震設防的要求，為日後加大流量進行技術改造提供依據，因而急需對渡槽作較詳細的安全可靠性評估和抗震性能評估。本文針對該渡槽進行了原位現場檢測，並對其進行結構分析計算和結構的安全性能與抗震性能的評估等方面的工作。Creep analysis methods of high - rise buildings and large span buildings can only refer to creep coefficient method in bridge engineering or the method of degree of creep in hydraulic construction engineering under the present experiment conditions. in this paper, the incremental expressions of concrete creep and shrinkage strain when the initial computational age is not the same as the loading age are derived and corrected from the concept of concrete creep coefficient and the mean value theorem of integral and the principle of superposition. the differences of efficiency and accuracy of creep analysis between the finite element method with creep coefficient and the initial stress method with degree of creep are presented. this paper suggests that engineers should use the initial stress method with degree of creep to estimate the influences of creep on high - rise buildings and large span buildings on the basis of conceptual design
基於現有的試驗資料，高層及大跨度民用建築的徐變分析只能參照橋梁結構中的徐變系數方法或水工結構中的徐變度方法進行.從徐變系數的定義出發，利用積分中值定理和疊加原理，推導並修正了加載齡期與起算齡期不同時徐變收縮應變增量的表達式，對比了應用徐變系數分析徐變的有限元法和應用徐變度分析徐變的初應變法在效率和精度上的差別，並建議應從概念設計的角度出發，採用徐變度的初應變法來估算徐變對高層及大跨度民用建築的影響Abstract : creep analysis methods of high - rise buildings and large span buildings can only refer to creep coefficient method in bridge engineering or the method of degree of creep in hydraulic construction engineering under the present experiment conditions. in this paper, the incremental expressions of concrete creep and shrinkage strain when the initial computational age is not the same as the loading age are derived and corrected from the concept of concrete creep coefficient and the mean value theorem of integral and the principle of superposition. the differences of efficiency and accuracy of creep analysis between the finite element method with creep coefficient and the initial stress method with degree of creep are presented. this paper suggests that engineers should use the initial stress method with degree of creep to estimate the influences of creep on high - rise buildings and large span buildings on the basis of conceptual design
文摘:基於現有的試驗資料，高層及大跨度民用建築的徐變分析只能參照橋梁結構中的徐變系數方法或水工結構中的徐變度方法進行.從徐變系數的定義出發，利用積分中值定理和疊加原理，推導並修正了加載齡期與起算齡期不同時徐變收縮應變增量的表達式，對比了應用徐變系數分析徐變的有限元法和應用徐變度分析徐變的初應變法在效率和精度上的差別，並建議應從概念設計的角度出發，採用徐變度的初應變法來估算徐變對高層及大跨度民用建築的影響But this is not a problem for ship structure which is thin and good ductibility. the basic equation of statistical energy analysis is deduced in this paper, the shipboard noise of 295, ooodwt vlcc is calculated based on sea, the factor effect on the noise of shipboard is discussed and some measurement to reduce the noise level is suggested
根據統計能量分析方法的基本原理，以實船為例進行了船舶機械設備等噪聲聲壓水平的估算和船舶艙室噪聲預示，並對影響船舶艙室噪聲水平的各種因素進行了分析，提出了減小船舶艙室噪聲水平的方法。3 - d measurement has capacious applications in engineering, such as its uses in machine vision, profile modeling and biomedical industry. but many 3 - d measurements only can be estimated by handiwork now, for example, the area of mitral valve, the shape and size of eyepit and the volume of tumour in medicine field
但利用傳統的測量方法，許多三維測量工作僅能依靠一些簡單的手工操作進行估算，如在醫學領域需要完成的二尖瓣面積、正常眼眶實際形狀、大小以及腫瘤體積等復雜三維測量工作都是如此。The main contribution of this paper is that it offers the software to analyze the detection performance and the combat efficiency of radar system taking advantage of visual c + + 6. 0. the software has very well graphics visualize output interfaces. the software can be used to expediently compare the detection performance of radar in existence, calculate and compare the max range and the detection precision of different radar under varying complex environment, calculate the radar detection probability and the radar false alarm probability. some new analyzing module can be added in this software easily
論文的主要貢獻是利用visualc + +設計了「機載火控雷達性能分析與效能評估軟體」 ，該軟體具有良好的人機交互性和圖形化形象化的輸出界面，可以方便的分析對比現有國內外機載雷達系統的檢測性能，對比不同雷達系統在各種復雜環境下的最大發現距離，計算不同雷達系統在各種復雜環境下的測量精度，以及計算雷達的檢測概率和虛警概率等參數，並且可以方便地添加新的分析模塊，進一步增加軟體的功能。The existed material fatigue performance test curves are dealt with and analyzed, and the non - dimensional stress - strain curve, tangent modulus factor curve and fatigue life curve are drawn based on the experiment data, and these three non - dimensional parameter curves are used to find the inherent rules that the test curves can be replaced each other to some extent. it can be concluded that if the common character and system error of these materials are found, the test curve of a certain material can be used for reference by another material. this is a simple approach about fatigue life estimate and is engineering practical
對已有的材料力學疲勞性能試驗曲線進行分析整理，利用試驗數據繪制了相對應力應變曲線、切線模量因子曲線和疲勞壽命曲線，利用這三種無量綱參數曲線發現了其中存在的規律性，即在某種程度上實驗曲線可以互相取代，並用試驗數據對此進行了討論，並由此推斷，如果找出材料彼此的共性或彼此之間的系統誤差就可以將一種材料的試驗曲線供其它材料參考使用，這是一種估算材料的疲勞壽命的簡便方法，對工程而言具有實用性。Soil hydraulic characteristic parameters can be estimated accurately using the pedo - transfer functions ( ptfs ) depending on soil fundamental parameters which are easy to get such as grading of soil, organic content and bulk density. pedo - transfer functions ( ptfs ) have been developed by two methods in this paper with data measured at keerqin sandy land
然而可以通過容易得到並能保證試驗精度的土壤基本物化特徵參數，如：顆粒級配、有機質含量和土壤容重等，利用土壤傳遞函數（ ptfs ）可以較準確地估算出土壤水力特性參數。The second part consist of chapter four. in chapter one, we study the energy density of harmonic map from finsler manifold and generalize classical result in [ se ]. in chapter two, we obtain lower estimates for the first eigenvalue of the laplace operator on a compact finsler manifold, and it generalize lichnerowicz - obata theorem [ li ] [ ob ]. in chapter three, we derive the first and second variation formula for harmonic maps between finsler manifolds. as an application, some nonexistence theorems of nonconstant stable harmonic maps from a finsler manifold to a riemannian manifold are given
第一章討論finsler流形到黎曼流形調和映射的能量密度的間隙性，推廣了[ se ]中的結果。第二章對緊致finsler流形上laplace運算元的第一特徵值的下界作了估計，推廣了黎曼流形上的lichnerowicz - obata定理[ li ] [ ob ] 。The model of the operation efficiency of the uav is established, including the method of hierachical analysis and fuzzy system theory in the synthetic computation of efficiency indexes, realizes the quantitative evaluation of the vav ' s operation efficiency
建立了無人偵察機作戰效能評估模型，從而實現了無人偵察機作戰效能的定量評估，其中效能指標綜合計算中融合了層次分析法和模糊系統理論。We defy the available methods to estimate them quantitatively.
我們不能採用現有的方法進行定量估算。The thesis has adapted various way in the research, including the balancing analysis for consuming and giving, the gm ( 1, 1 ) model, the system arguing and proving and the special consumption of eco - environmental water, etc
所採用的研究方法突出區域可持續發展能力系統分析和定性與定量相結合的特點；具體方法包括供需平衡分析、需水量中心逼近式灰色gm （ 1 ， 1 ）模型預測，支持能力綜合論證以及生態用水定量估算等。The results shoed that most of the forests in pearl river delta were of young - medium age, which occupied 80 % or more of the total forest area, and their undergrowth biomass accounted for about 33 % of the total forest biomass indicating that the regional forest biomass could be estimated more exactly if undergrowth biomass was fully concerned
結果表明：珠江三角洲的中幼林面積占森林總面積的80 %以上，其林下植被生物量約占森林總生物量的33 % ，充分考慮林下植被生物量能提高區域森林生物量估算的精度。Researches the basis watermark managing works particularly and systemly. there are many works to do on watermak technology except watermark embedding and extraction arithmetics such as the watermark choosing, encoding, modulating, demodulating and the watermark capacity. these prior and ultimate works ensure that the arithmetic is brought into effect. just understanding these, this paper analyses and researches the basic watermark theoretics in many pages. it brings forward chaos modulation on watermark modulating, brings forward chaos permuting on image permuting, introduces bch encoding on letter watermark processing and discusses the approximate estimate of the watermark capacity in dct domain and dwt domain by applying the current communication theoretics. there works not only extend ways for the later work but also are significative on watermark research
全面系統地研究了水印信號的處理技術數字水印技術除了水印嵌入和提取的演算法外，還有許多工作需要做，如水印的選碼、編碼、調制、解調、能量的確定等等，這些預處理和后處理工作是演算法有效實施的必要保證，正是基於這樣的認識，本文利用較大的篇幅對水印的基本理論知識進行了詳細的分析和研究，在水印的調制方面，提出了混沌調製法；在圖像水印的置亂方面，提出了混沌置亂法；在文字水印的處理上，引入了bch編碼；在水印容量分析方面，結合現代通信理論，對圖像在dct域和小波域內的水印容量估算進行了詳細的探討，這些工作不僅為本文後期工作鋪平了道路，而且對數字水印的研究具有重要的意義。分享友人