能量變化率 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [néngliángbiànhuàlǜ]
能量變化率 英文
energy gradient
  • 能 : 能名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 量 : 量動1. （度量） measure 2. （估量） estimate; size up
  • 率 : 率名詞（比值） rate; ratio; proportion
  • 能量 : 1 [物理學] energy; amount of energy 2 （能力） capabilities; capacity; 能量不滅 conservation of e...
  1. Variation ratio of dimensional after water rinse, ultimate strength, neps and pile, tearing resistance, bursting strength, joint strength, commissure ' s swerve strength, fabric shift ( slip ), ventilate degree, elasticity ( resilient rate / deformation rate ), anti - water permeability ( hydrostatic pressure ), extension and resilience, abrasive resistance, gets wet the nature, hydroscopicity, stock ' s transverse ductility, fire resistance, antistatic

    水洗尺寸變化率（縮水） ，斷裂強力，起毛起球，撕破強力，彈子頂破強力，脹破強度接縫強力，縫口脫開程度，紗線滑移性能（滑脫） ，透氣量，彈性（回復率/變形率） ，抗滲水性（靜水壓） ，延伸及回復性，耐磨性，沾水性，吸水性，襪子橫向延伸，阻燃性能，抗靜電。
  2. A one - dimensional oceanic mixed layer model with the m - y level - 2. 5 turbulence closure schemes is employed. the rate of energy loss by breaking waves is estimated by parameterization and incorporated into the model as a source of turbulence kinetic energy ( tke ) by modifying the existing surface boundary condition of tke equation. the velocity field and turbulence energy budget are calculated under different forcing conditions ( the results given below are for a wind speed of 20 m / s. )

    採用一維2 . 5階湍封閉混合層模式，根據參數化方法對波浪破碎導致的能量耗散率進行了估計，通過改變湍動能方程的上邊界條件引入波浪破碎對湍動能生成的影響，計算了不同風應力強迫下的混合層流場結構和湍能量收支（下述給出的結果是取風速為20m s得到的） 。
  3. Backed up by the soplat theory based on particle kinematics, the second chapter of this paper presents with analysis and simulation of several single observer passive measurement models, which uses such relative movement parameters as bearings changing rates and centrifugal acceleration information on the basis of bearings measurements. in the third chapter, the observability of location respectively using bearings and its changing rates information and centrifugal acceleration information is analyzed, and its observable condition is got. the fourth chapter puts forward the modified covariance extended kalman filtering ( mvekf ) against the defect of traditional extended kalman filtering ( ekf ), whose performance is simultaneously compared in the chapter with the performance of ususal tracking algorithm such as ekf, mgekf, iekf by computer simulation

    在近年來提出的基於質點運動學原理的單站無源定位理論基礎上，本文第二章提出了幾種在角度測量的基礎上增加角度變化率及相對運動的離心加速度等運動學參數的單站無源測量模型，並對它們進行了分析和模擬；第三章分別對利用角度及其變化率信息定位和利用離心加速度信息定位的可觀測性進行分析並得到了相應的可觀測條件；第四章針對傳統擴展卡爾曼（ ekf ）方法的缺點，提出了一種修正協方差的擴展卡爾曼濾波（ mvefk ）方法，並將其和ekf 、 mgekf 、 iekf等常用的單站無源定位濾波方法進行了性能模擬比較；第五章通過引入雷達機動目標跟蹤方法和模型，提出了利用角度及其變化率對機動輻射源跟蹤的多級噪聲自適應方法和imm方法；第六章主要對角度變化率和離心加速度參數的獲取技術進行了研究，提出了幾種高精度測量脈沖序列多普勒頻率變化率的方法。
  4. It is necessary to include as a heat source in the thermodynamic energy equation at erm which represems the timerate of release of the latent heat of condensation of water vapor

    譯為:有必要把代表水汽凝結潛熱釋放的隨時間變化率的一項作為熱源項包括在熱力學能量方程中。
  5. In this dissertation, two kinds of optimization, methods are proposed. firstly, only these linking weights corresponding to the control rules that affect the control performance significantly are updated in order to reduce the compute works and speed up the training progress. secondly, the updating step is adjusted adaptively in accordance with the error and the change of error of the system based on the t - s model to get better performance

    針對模糊神經網路控制器一般存在著在線權值調整計算量大、訓練時間長、過度修正權值可能導致系統劇烈振蕩等缺點，提出了兩種模糊神經網路控制器的優化方法：在線自學習過程中僅對控制性能影響大的控制規則相關的權值進行修正，以減小計算量，加快訓練速度；基於t - s模糊模型，根據偏差及偏差變化率大小動態自適應調節權值修正步長，抑制控制器輸出的劇烈變化，避免系統發生劇烈振蕩。
  6. The cooling system for engine adopted hydraulic drive and control technology to control the speed of the fan : the chip adjust the control - current of the proportional value, which used in the engine cooling system, to control the speed of the fan. and the size of the control - current is according to the coolant temperature, coolant temperature change rate and target temperature. as for as the hydraulic cooling system we used a motor to drive and control the fan ’ s work or stop according to the temperature of the hydraulic oil

    該系統的特點及其實現的功能為:電液混合驅動方式改變了工程機械冷卻裝置驅動方式單一的缺點，發動機冷卻系統採用了電液比例技術控制風扇轉速;單片機可以根據冷卻液溫度、冷卻液溫度變化率和目標冷卻液溫度調節液壓驅動系統中電液比例閥的控制電流，進而控制液壓油的流量，即可以實現冷卻風扇轉速的連續調節;液壓油冷卻系統採用了電動機驅動，然後由單片機根據液壓油的溫度控制電動機的起動和停止。
  7. Then some optimal models of water supply networks are enumerated and some factors which can influence the optimal results are analyzed such as the efficiency of pump station, the temporal value of fund, the curve of water consumption and the coefficient of water supply energy and so on

    接著，列舉給水管網優化設計的數學模型，並分析影響目標函數優化結果的各種因素，例如泵站效率、資金時間效率、用水量變化曲線、供水能量變化系數等。
  8. Circulation for transferring record then, based on the above limitations, this paper proposes a dynamic load balancing method. through the simulation of the change over time of the traffic of customer data, it draws a comparison in the deviation of the change over time of the traffic in a certain sdm ( service data module ) with respect to that of the average traffic of all modules between old method and new method. the load imbalance ratio, the number of records transferred per unit time and the reduction of number of modules are evaluated

    本論文針對上述兩個問題，提出一種改進的負載平衡方法，通過對用戶數據流量隨時間變化的模擬，比較了記錄遷移方法改進前後每一模塊的流量變化與所有模塊平均流量變化的趨近程度，同時還對幾個重要參數：模塊數量縮減率、負載不平衡比和單位時間內記錄遷移數量，它們之間的關系進行討論，得出改進后的記錄遷移方法能夠達到動態平衡負載的效果。
  9. This section begins with the analysis of the cash flow of the two most elementary products - mortgage pass through securities ( mpt ) and collateralized mortgage obligations ( cmo ), and describes the difference between the function mechanism and the ability of resisting risk. then, based on the above analysis, this article tries to invent an new cmo product which goes by the name of adjustable amortization mortgage ( aam ) and can effectively counteract the extension risk when interest rate goes up. at the same time, this article also indicate some problem which should pay special attention to in practical application and put forward some corresponding market promotion strategy

    本章首先通過對兩種最基本的抵押證券? ?抵押貸款傳遞證券（ mpt ）和抵押擔保證券（ cmo ）現金流量變化的分析，研究其運行機制和防禦風險的功能差異，接著在以上分析的基礎上，文章嘗試提出了一種能夠有效化解利率上升環境中延期風險的新型證券品種? ?可調整分期付款額的抵押擔保證券（ adjustableamortizationmortgage ，簡稱為aam ）的設想，但同時也指出了這種抵押擔保證券在實際應用中應該特別注意之處，並提出了相應的市場推廣策略。
  10. The essay author consult the lots of national and international related information, and proceed the biomass pyrolysis experiment, predict the biomass heat value and establish the module, and establish the experiment formula through c, h of the independent variableesign, provide the evident and the convenience for calculating the rate of the energy converting and using of the biomass equipment

    本文作者在查閱國內外大量相關資料的基礎上，進行了生物質熱解的實驗，並做了生物質發熱量預測及建模研究，建立了以h和c為自變量的生物質能量預測經驗公式，為生物質氣化裝置能量轉化率計算和生物質能量利用率計算提供了依據和方便。
  11. Through the research of the tension in vivo, the immediate retraction rate and histology examination about the different ways and different maintaining, we get : the increase area of the rapid and conventional expansion has little difference with the expanded time ; however it has significant difference with the maintaining time. it shows that shortening the expanded time is feasible in clinic, but shortening the maintaining time is out of the question ; after the capsule is removed, immediate retraction rate of the expanded skin notably decreased, significantly different from those with intact capsule ; the collagen content of the rapid expansion is just the same as the conventional expansion, but the changes of the histology dependences on the maintaining time. comparison with conventional expansion, rapid expansion has no significant drawback ; maintaining a period after expansion can greatly increase the area of expanded skin and reduce immediate retraction

    通過對不同擴張期、不同方式和不同維持期對擴張皮膚的在體張力、即時回縮和皮膚組織學的研究，得到：快速擴張和常規擴張最後獲取的皮瓣，面北京工業大學工學博士學位論文一積增加差別不大；擴張皮膚的面積增加和張力下降與維持期的長短有關；而與擴張期的長短關系不大，說明在皮膚擴張術中可以縮短注水時間，但是維持時間不能縮短；擴張皮膚去除包膜后的即時回縮率下降，與未去除包膜的相比較有明顯差異；快速擴張皮膚的膠原含量變化與常規擴張的基本一致，擴張皮膚的組織學變化與維持期的關系較為密切，與擴張方式關系不大；快速擴張和常規擴張相比，快速擴張沒有明顯的破壞作用；擴張結束后，維持一段時間，能有效的提高擴張面積且能有效地減少回縮。
  12. The comparative ability of resources for bearing the pressure of population, the efficiency of resources utilization, the efficiency of energy utilization, the rate of resources reserves decrease, the surcharge of the resources, the resources possessed by per capita, the consumption of resources by per capita, the index of resources guarantee ' s degree, the gross consumption of substance, the intensity of the consumption of substance, and the productivity of substance and so on indexes for natural material resources were chose to construct a index system that could be used to tell the degree of the sustainable development for certain material flow ( short for mf )

    本文簡要介紹了可持續發展及區域物料流的概念。選取相對資源承載力、資源利用效率、能源利用效率、資源儲量變化率、資源超載人數、人均資源佔有量、人均資源消費量、資源保證程度指數、物質消耗總量、物質消耗強度及物質生產力等指標建立了一套自然材料資源的可持續能力評價指標體系。概括介紹了中國西部的兩個典型省區和一個典型地區，即重慶、甘肅及攀枝花地區典型材料行業發展現狀。
  13. This text completely and systematically studies the status and the development of the pyrolysis and the fluidization of biomass, which distill the bio - oil in the domestic and international area, as well as the existing problems. this thesis primarily include following aspects : ( l ), by experimenting and measuring the energy ( heat value ) and the content of c, h, n chemical element of right 20 kinds of common biomass, on the base of the experimental result, and respectively established the biomass energy predict experiment formula with the element of h and c is from change, and passed the ro. os examination, which provides the basis and convenience for flash pyrolysis fluidization device energy to convert the rate to compute with biomass energy utilization calculation ; ( 2 ), proceeded the tg and dtg experimentation equal velocity ( 10 ? / min, 20 ? / min, 40 ? / min, 60 ? / min ) heating and constant temperature heating by studying on eight kinds of biomass samples, according to the experimental data and arrhenius formula, we established the dynamics model of pyrolysis of, then, using the goast - redfern and p function, we also solved the dynamics parameters and analyze out every kind of biomass ' s frequency factor and parameters of activation energy, and established the every kind of dynamics model of pyrolysis of biomass, all of these provide the theories and basis to make sure the reactor ' s flash pyrolysis work temperature scope design and the describing of pyrolysis reactor dynamics ; ( 3 ), in order to study and ascertain the process of heat completely getting to pyrolysis time of varied size biomass particles, we observed and measured the ratio of length and diameter ( l / d ) with the varied biomass through electron microscope, we concluded the l / d ratios usually is from 5. 0 to 6. 0, the average is 5. 3 ; ( 4 ), we studied the process of biomass transiting and the theory of complete pyrolysis time with the theory of complicated heat field, we got the time ( t ) of the varied size biomass particles arriving to complete pyrolysis, and we knew that the complete pyrolysis time and the time which get to the biggest production ratio are identical, all of these studies provide the theory base for design and forecasting the flash pyrolysis reactor solid state resort time ; ( 5 ), according to the above experiment result, synthesize to make use of the engineering the mechanics, engineering the material, machine the design to learn the principle, deduce, establish the theory of rotation cone flash pyrolysis reactor material resort time ( t ) and reasonable rotation velocity ( or frequency ) relation theory ; and ( 6 ), we gave the reactor ' s smallest cone angle certain, reactor cone wall strength design theory, the reactor production ability theory, the power design method and the critical rotation velocity theory

    本文較全面、系統地綜述了國內外生物質熱解液化制取生物燃油技術研究發展現狀及存在的問題，主要研究內容有： （ 1 ）實驗、測定了20種常見生物質的能量（發熱量）和c 、 h 、 n元素含量，根據實驗結果分別建立了以h和c為自變量的生物質能量預測經驗公式，並通過r _ （ 0 . 05 ）檢驗；為閃速熱解液化裝置能量轉化率計算和生物質能量利用率計算提供了依據和方便； （ 2 ）選擇了8種生物質試樣作了等加熱速率（ 10 min 、 20 min 、 40 min 、 60 min ）和恆溫加熱的tg和dtg實驗，根據實驗數據和阿倫尼烏斯公式建立了生物質熱解反應動力學微分方程，並採用goast - redfem積分法和p函數對其動力學參數進行了求解，解析出各種生物質的頻率因子和活化能參數，進而建立了各種生物質的熱解動力學模型，為科學確定反應器的閃速熱解工作溫度范圍及熱解反應動力學描述，提供了理論和依據； （ 3 ）為研究和確定不同尺度的生物質顆粒中心達到全熱解的時間，在體視顯微鏡下對不同粒度的生物質顆粒的長徑比進行了實驗觀察和測定，得出生物質的長徑比（ l d ）一般在5 . 0 6 . 0之間，平均為5 . 3的結果； （ 4 ）採用復雜溫度場傳熱學理論對生物質傳熱過程及充分熱解時間理論進行了研究，解析推導出了不同尺寸生物質顆粒中心溫度達到充分熱解溫度的時間（ t ） ，得出了理論推導的充分熱解時間與最大產油率的熱解時間相一致的結果，為閃速熱解反應器固相滯留時間設計和預測提供了理論依據； （ 5 ）根據上述實驗結果，綜合運用工程力學、工程材料、機械設計學原理，推導、建立了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器物料滯留時間（ ）與轉速（或頻率）合理匹配理論； （ 6 ）提出了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器的最小錐角設計、錐壁強度設計、生產能力設計理論和功率計算方法及臨界轉速理論等。
  14. This paper is based on the working theory of anti - lock braking system, the properties of fuzzy control, the modelling for vehicle system and vhicle tyre. by using of wheel speed sensor, the gather of wheel speed is practiced by filter, amplier, modifying of wheel speed. based on the wheel slip ratio of abs. given vehicle speed and wheel speed, the wheel slip ratio is computed. the error and error change ratio of slip ratio is obtained by given refering slip ratio. which is the input of fuzzy control which comprises of input fuzzy

    本文根據防抱死制動系統的工作原理，模糊控制的性能特點，車輛系統模型及車輪輪胎模型，利用輪速傳感器，對輪速進行濾波、放大、整形等實現了車輪速度的採集。採用基於車輪滑移率的防抱控制理論，根據車速、輪速來計算車輪滑移率。由參考滑移率計算出滑移率的誤差、誤差變化率並作為控制器的輸入變量完成了模糊控制的模糊化、模糊推理、模糊判決。
  15. It depends on the length of delaying closing the valve plate to conduct the varying capacity and avoids some useless work, maintains the work ratio in a little range. in a word, it saves some energy

    此調節系統根據延遲吸氣閥關閉時間的長短確定排氣量的大小，從而避免了壓縮機作無用功，在壓縮機氣量變化的情況下，維持比功率（排氣量與功率之比）幾乎不變，從而節約了能耗。
  16. It also puts forward logical explanations to a few facts that are still unable to be explained, up to now, by the classical consumption models. however, for the scholars in china, the cognition of the buffer - stock theory still remains at a superficial level of only providing simple theoretical introduction to it. a finer depiction and empirical application of it will not only facilitate studies on the related theories in china but also do great benefit to the development of the buffer - stock theory itself because china is admittedly one of the

    本論文的主要發現及創新包括:在理解和刻畫我國居民的預防性儲蓄行為時，緩沖儲備模型要優于以儲蓄水平量作為被解釋變量的模型;核密度估計方法對不確定性的描述更準確;從儲蓄率變化率的角度進行的格蘭傑因果關系檢驗證實了我國的居民存款儲蓄對經濟增長有推動作用;養老金的變化對我國居民儲蓄行為具有顯著影響，而我國現有的醫療保障體系沒有發揮其應該能夠發揮出的作用。
  17. The limited - jerk control commands are designed by fixing on a jerk maximum to limit the varying ratio of the reference orders, then the optimal time delays are solved by minimizing the oscillation energy of flexible modes

    通過確定最大沖擊值，對指令信號的時間變化率加以限制來設計有限沖擊控制指令，然後令柔性模態振蕩能量最小，計算濾波器的最優時滯。
  18. At last with the prototype of the vertical - axis cycloid turbine, the optimal method and its mathematical model based on conjugate gradient method are presented in order to enhance the energy conversion coefficient. such optimal results as the energy conversion and the relation between attack angle and azimuth angle are given with particular analysis to sum up the reason of the improved performance of the turbine

    最後以豎軸直葉擺線式水輪機為優化原型，提出了一種水輪機水動力性能的優化計算方法，建立了數學模型，運用共軛梯度法進行優化設計，以提高水輪機的能量利用率為目標，給出了優化的葉片攻角變化規律、能量利用率結果，探討了能量利用率提高的原因。
  19. According to the rate of increase form of the equation of the income, money supply rate of increase which as monetary policy intermediate objective mainly is decided by the economic growth rate, rate of price rises and rate of change of speed of the monetary velocity. therefore, through the study on monetary velocity, we can analyze the actual effect of the monetary policy more deeply, and play a certain reference arriving role to the formulation and implementation of the monetary policy

    根據收入方程式的增長率形式，作為貨幣政策中間目標的貨幣供應量增長率，主要取決于經濟增長率、物價上漲率和貨幣流通速度變化率。因而，通過對貨幣流通速度的研究，能夠更加深入地分析貨幣政策的實際效果，並對貨幣政策的制定和實施起到一定的參考作用。
  20. The ann use bp algorithm with training by teacher. this method need not pick obviously up character from the system model structure

    該方法不需要對診斷系統建立模型結構，利用頻率成分的能量變化來識別不同的模式。
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