自由基引發 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [zìyóujīyǐnfā]
自由基引發
英文
free-radical initiation-
Initiation is caused by radicals produced from azobisisobutyronitrile, benzoyl peroxide or perester decomposition.
鏈引發是由偶氮二異丁腈，過氧化苯甲酰或過氧酯分解生成的自由基所引起。First, we should change the idea of education and promote the teachers " change from inculcating knowledge to facilitating the development of students. second, we should improve the teachers " professional development and advance the teachers " change from pure curriculum executants to researcher and constructors. third, we should emphasize the function of curriculum evaluation to develop education and promote the teachers " change from ultimate and only judge to stimulators of students natural development
在此基礎上，論文最後提出了促進初中語文教師對新課程教師角色適應的建議：轉變教育觀念，促進教師由知識灌輸者向學生發展的促進者轉變；提高專業化水平，促進教師由課程單純的執行者向研究者和建構者轉變；重視課程評價的教育發展功能，促進教師由終結性和唯一性裁判者向引導學生自主發展的激勵者轉變。Because of introduction of tablet and increase of function parameters, we empolder a series of multiple pen - type functions which simulate true pen and include brush pen, pen, pencil, shade - pen, withered - pen, through utilizing these parameters reasonably. take these functions as basis, we design more functions and much expressive force whiteboard system which buildup practicability of videoconference and make it accord with people natural custom of vision, hearing, writing to communication
由於手寫板的引入，功能參數的增加，通過對這些參數的合理利用，開發出毛筆、鋼筆、鉛筆、濃淡筆、枯筆等一系列模擬真實筆的多種筆型功能。以這些功能為基礎，設計出功能豐富、更具表現力的電子白板系統，以增強視頻會議的實用性，使之更符合人們進行交流所需要的視覺、聽覺和手寫的自然習慣。On the other hand, the electric field and intensity distributions of the he11 mode in the hollow fiber are calculated by using the exact solutions of maxwell equations based on the vector model, and the diffracted near - and far - field distributions of the he11 - mode output beam under the fresnel approximation are studies. we derive an analytical expression on the far - field distribution of the he n - mode output beam in free space and discuss its applicable condition. we also analyze and compare the differences between the he11 - and lp01 - mode output beams, and find that the near - field distribution of the lpoi - mode output beam is a gaussian - like one, but the near - field distribution of the he11 - mode output beam is a doughnut - like one, whereas the far - field distribution of both the lp01 - and he11 - mode output beams are a doughnut one
此外，我們把中空光纖中lp _ （ 01 ）模（標量模型）和he _ （ 11 ）模（矢量模型）的場分佈以及它們各自的輸出光束的近場與遠場分佈進行了比較，發現兩種模式的輸出光束在近場分佈有很大的區別， lp _ （ 01 ）模輸出光束在近場是一個高斯分佈，而he _ （ 11 ）模輸出光束在近場是一個中空光束，在遠場兩種模式的輸出光束分佈是基本一致的，這正是由於在中空光纖中採用了弱波導近似以後所引起的誤差。It is the main purpose of this paper to calculate the energy splitting of ground state and excited states induced by thermally assisted quantum tunneling. first, a brief introduction is given for the theoretical and experimental studies on the magnetic macroscopic quantum effects. then, spin tunneling in a uniaxial ferromagnetic particle in transverse magnetic field is converted to a pseudoparticle moving in effective double - well potential with the help of the effective potential description of quantum spin systems developed by ulyanov and zaslavskii. finally using the periodic instanton method we evaluate the transition amplitude, energy shift and prefactor of wkb exponential and the energy splitting of ground state and the tunneling rate for excited states induced by thermally assisted quantum tunneling are obtained
文章首先對磁性宏觀量子效應的理論和實驗方面作了簡單介紹，然後藉助于ulyanov和zaslavskii發展的一種等效勢描述方法，把外磁場沿難磁化軸方向時的自旋隧穿約化成在等效雙勢阱中運動的粒子，利用瞬子方法給出基態能級劈裂，最後利用周期瞬子方法分別計算了隧穿幅、能級移動以及wkb前因子，從而給出由於熱助量子隧穿引起的激發態的隧穿率。The scheme embraces four projects, namely ( 1 ) to build up sluices at anqiu bridge and nanzhou bridge ( and the one at anqiu bridge is the first choice ) so that pollutants can be from entering the lake ; 2 ) as a necessary accessory for the above project, to supplement water capacity from changdang lake as a strategic water source into the protection program, and culvert - pipe plan is recommended from two other alternatives through systematic analysis ; 3 ) to carry out comprehensive realignment for some reed regions which are located at the entrances of the lake, and to develop a wetland ecosystem mainly with some reeds ; and 4 ) to set up a green protection belt right round the lake, including planting reeds at lakebeach, building forest belt, developing bases of green foodstuff and disposing sludges in the lake base
該方案由4個工程子系統組成， （ 1 ）截污工程：在岸丘橋和南州橋位置各築一節制閘（而岸丘橋工程又是首選工程） ，以封住湖泊兩頭入流，杜絕污染物進入水源地的截污工程； （ 2 ）引水工程：是截污工程的配套工程，利用下游長蕩湖來補充水量，並對3個引水工程設想進行了系統分析，推薦涵管方案，同時將長蕩湖作為該市戰略水源地一併納入保護體系中； （ 3 ）濕地生態處理工程：對進入蕩區前的蘆葦區進行綜合整治，發展以蘆葦為主的濕地生態處理工程； （ 4 ）環湖綠色自然保護帶工程：包括建設圍湖蘆葦蕩、環湖林帶、綠色食品基地以及污泥處置。Therefore, how to improve and function the state - owed commercial banks is of primary importance in the course of building up the market regime. the paper starts with the history of the development and the basic connotations and principles of assets operation as well as the evolution of the theories of assets operation of commercial banks. then we proceed on more detailed analyses assets operation of commercial banks in china
本文首先回顧了商業銀行的發展史和商業銀行資產經營的基本內涵與原則，接著介紹了商業銀行資產經營理論的演變過程，然後針對我國商業銀行資產經營過程中進行了較為具體的實際分析，主要引用了相關的研究數據，由此得出我國商業銀行資產經營不善的原因一方面是外部宏觀體制上的約束，即銀行產權的國家所有制，另一方面在於國有商業銀行自身經營管理制度和技術的落後。The dissertation refers to comparatively full literatures in the field of vsc, and the development history and characteristics of vsc are summarized, and the elementary concepts, elementary definitions, elementary properties, elementary principles and design methods are particularly introduced, and the causes of the chattering phenomenon are systematically analysed, and the study status of the chattering phenomenon and the main methods to eliminate the chattering are elaborated. for the deficiencies of traditionary methods, three improved methods are developed, which are improved exponent reaching law solution, variable boundary layer solution and the solution by adding an auxiliary continuous control term. for uncertain linear systems, an adaptive fuzzy integral variable structure control stategy ( afivsc ) is put forward to eliminate the chattering around the sliding plane, which introduces fuzzy logic to soften the non - linear discontinuous sig nal in the control variable and utilizes adaptive theory to adjust output membership function according to how much the uncertainty of the system is
比較全面地查閱了關于變結構控制理論的文獻，總結了滑模變結構控制的發展歷史和特點，詳細介紹了變結構控制的基本概念、基本定義、基本性質、基本原理以及設計方法；系統分析了變結構控制系統抖振產生的機理，並闡述了國內外目前對抖振問題的研究現狀以及消除抖振的主要方法；針對傳統抑制和消除抖振方法的不足，改進了傳統方法，得到了三種新的消除抖振的方法? ?即改進的指數趨近律法、可變邊界層法和附加連續項法；針對不確定性線性系統，在變結構控制策略中引入模糊邏輯和自適應理論來消除滑動平面上的抖振，提出了一種自適應模糊積分變結構控制方案（ afivsc ） ，利用模糊邏輯來柔化控制量中非線性不連續部分，採用自適應理論，根據系統不確定性大小在線調整模糊輸出量的隸屬函數，另外，鑒于模糊控制本質上是有靜差的，所以本文選擇了帶積分項的切換函數，由於積分項的存在使系統較正為無靜差系統。This research project, based on the existing problems in mathematics curriculum evaluation and the conceptions of mathematics curriculum as the guideline, systematically analyzes the basic characteristics of the developmental evaluation, i. e. multi - dimensional, formative, developmental, understanding and inspiring. drawing on the modern mathematics conceptions, multi - intelligence theory and theories of constructivism, this project systemically illustrated the connotation of the developmental evaluation : the key of evaluation is for application ; the goal is multi - dimensional ; the process is context - dependent ; the outcome is to promote the development. in view of the conceptions of developmental evaluation ( i. e. human - centered whole evaluation ; quality - focused overall evaluation ; participation - stressed autonomous evaluation ; future - faced evaluation ; guiding evaluation and inspiring evaluation ), the components of the developmental evaluation model in the new mathematics curriculum is analyzed in details in this project ( i. e. goal system, subject system and object system ) and the core structure of the developmental evaluation is established ( i. e. evaluation indicator system model )
本課題研究以數學課程評價的現存問題為著手點，以數學課程理念為目標指向，系統分析了數學新課程發展性評價的多元性、形成性、發展性、理解性、激勵性等基本特徵;以現代數學觀、多元智力理論、建構主義理論以及成功智力理論為理論背景，系統闡述了數學新課程發展性評價之意蘊?評價核心聚焦應用，評價目標指向多元，評價過程依存情境，評價結果歸依發展;以數學新課程發展性評價理念，即以人為本的全體性評價、注重素質的全面性評價、注重參與的自主性評價、促進完善的引導性評價、不斷進取的激勵性評價、面向未來的期望性評價為航標，深入剖析了數學新課程發展性評價模式的構成成分，即目標系統、主體系統和客體系統，由此構建發展性評價模式的核心圖式?評價指標體系的模式:以數學新課程發展性評價過程為參照，尋求並創設評價準則的設計技術，評價權重的構造技術，評價信息的收集技術，評價結果的分析與處理技術;以數學新課程評價系統內蘊的一般認識論、發生認識論與發展認識論指導評價方法，詳細探討了檔案袋法、表現性評價、自我評價與同伴評定相結合的方法、蘇格拉底式研討評定和測驗法在評價中的應用。A widely used method for checking real - time systems is, according to the real - time property to be checked, to use a proper bi - simulation equivalence relation to convert the infinite - timed state space to a finite equivalence class space. the algorithm needs only to explore the finite space to get a correct answer. in most cases, exhaustive exploration is very difficult because the equivalence class space increases explosively when the scale of the system increases. in this paper, an equivalence relation is introduced to check whether a concurrent system, which is composed of a finite set of real - time automata, satisfies a linear duration property. to avoid exhaustive exploration, this paper also introduces a compatibility relation between timed states ( configurations ). based on these two relations, an algorithm is proposed to check whether a real - time automaton network satisfies a linear duration property. the cases study shows that under some conditions this algorithm has better efficiency than the tools in the literature
一個被廣泛用於驗證實時系統的方法是根據被驗證的實時性質，使用適當的雙向模擬等價關系使無限的狀態空間轉化為有限的狀態等價類空間.演算法只需要在這個有限的等價類空間里搜索就可以得到正確答案.但是，這個等價類空間的規模一般隨著系統規模的增大而產生爆炸性的增長，以至於在很多情況下，窮盡搜索這個空間是不現實的.該文引入了一個等價關系來驗證一個由多個實時自動機通過共享變量組成的並發系統是否滿足一個線性時段特性.同時，還引入了格局之間的兼容關系來避免對狀態等價類空間的窮盡搜索.基於這兩個關系，文章提出了一個演算法來驗證是否一個實時自動機網滿足一個線性時段特性.實例研究顯示，此演算法在某些情況下比其他一些工具有更好的時間和空間效率Along with the development of the information industry and economic globalization, the quality rises to the new concept of the management quantity, excellent performance mode, building up on the foundation of the totle quality managing, has become a new state of the international quality management. the chinese business enterprise faces the opportunity and challenges that wto bring, needing fetch in the quality management mode urgently to raising the international competition ability. so our country promulgated the gb / t 19580 - 2004 < excellent performance assessment principle >, gb / z 19579 - 2004 < excellent performance assessment principle practice guide > on sep. 2004, according to malcolm baldrige national quality award ( mbnqa ) of american and combining the actual circumstance of the native quality management, used for the quality prize judge and organize self - assessment. it symbolize the quality management of our country come into a new stage
隨著信息產業和經濟全球化的發展，質量上升到經營質量的新概念，建立在全面質量管理基礎上卓越績效模式成為國際質量管理的新境界。中國企業面臨wto帶來的機遇和挑戰，急需引進先進的質量管理模式，提高國際競爭力。由此，我國參照美國波多里奇獎的評價模式，結合國內質量管理的實際情況，於2004年9月頒布了gb / t19580 - 2004 《卓越績效評價準則》 、 gb / z19579 - 2004 《卓越績效評價準則實施指南》 ，用於質量獎評審和組織自我評價。It has been amply demonstrated that the initiating radicals generated from ccl 4 are indeed ccl 3.
它有充分的證實表明，由CCl4產生的引發自由基實際上是CCl3。Because the patient lacks basic medical knowledge, this kind of dispute can be, the contingency in the natural lapse to to correct medical treatment processing, disease and the complication that prevent hard and medical treatment does not understand and cause, as a result of, also can be of the patient blankety - blank accusing and cause
這類糾紛可以是因患者缺乏基本的醫學知識，對正確的醫療處理、疾病的自然轉歸和難以避免的並發癥以及醫療中的意外事故不理解而引起的，也可以是由於患者的毫無道理的責難而引起的。Based on the innovation theories, the article introduces into the theoretical study of the commercial banking innovation such economic and natural science theories as trading expenses, game theory, system transformation and the theory of evolution. from the standing point of optimizing resources distribution, the article argues and proves that the development of commercial banks are connected with and promoted by several subjective and objective factors, but the dominant factor in the substantial breakthrough of commercial banks lies in innovation
文章以創新理論為基點，將交易費用、博弈論、制度變遷，以及進化論等經濟和自然科學理論引入商業銀行創新的理論分析研究之中，並以優化資源配置為角度，論證了商業銀行發展是由多種主客觀因素維系和推動的，而引起商業銀行質的飛躍的主導因素是創新。To order to solve above problems, we design a novel rate - based multicast congestion control scheme - rbmcc, which uses the active explicit congestion indication and representative - based feedback control scheme to inform the source of the status of the network, and alternate the send rate by adjusting the packet intervals between packets. the goal of the dynamic congestion control algorithm is to make the entire system responsive to the changes as rapidly as possible in the offered loads or available bandwidth without getting into an oscillating behavior
針對上述演算法中存在的動態性、靈敏性以及由之引起的公平性等問題，本文第3章設計了一種新的基於速率的組播擁塞控制機制? ? rbmcc ，該演算法利用積極的顯式擁塞指示，基於代表的反饋機制，通過調節包與包的發送間隔來改變數據的發送速率，動態地自適應網路擁塞狀態的改變。This article is made up of four parts : chapter one is about the characteristic and the background of the industrial injury, which make me get the motivation and the consideration. the motivation is the unavoidable injuries. the consideration is that the development of the injury caused the evolution of the redress system from traditional tort injury compensation to modern employment injury insurance
論文由四部分組成:論文第一章主要論述職業災害的產生背景和特點，並通過對職業災害特點的闡述引出了本文寫作的直接動因和基本思路，即職業災害及其損害後果的不可避免性使得進行法律救濟制度的研究成為必要;職業災害及其造成的損害後果的不斷發展使得相應的法律救濟制度自身不斷演進，表現為由傳統的侵權損害賠償制度到現代工傷保險補償制度的演進。In the manufacture of communication equipment, we shall further raise the proportion of homemade products in the newly added fixed switching devices ( 99 % ) ; we shall lay emphasis on the science research for development of equipment of mobile communication and optical communication equipment and try to raise the proportion of independent intellectual property rights so as to make homemade equipment take the leading position in the domestic market and let the market proportion of newly installed equipment exceed 50 % and 30 % ( for the trunk network ) respectively ; we shall basically let the low - end equipment and border equipment of the data communication network be homemade products, and quicken our steps in nationalization of the core equipment ( the backbone atm switchboard and the high - bit routing device ) on the basis of introduction, digestion and assimilation of foreign advanced technology
對于通信設備製造業，將進一步擴大新增固定交換設備國產化的比例（ 99 % ） ；將重點加強移動通信和光通信設備的科研開發力度，努力擴大自主知識產權的比例，使國產化設備在國內市場中佔主導地位，新增設備市場佔有率分別超過50 %和30 % （骨幹網）以上；基本實現數據通信網路低端設備和邊緣設備國產化，在引進、消化、吸收國外先進技術的基礎上，加快骨幹核心設備（骨幹atm交換機、高比特路由器）的國產化步伐。Then, the paper summaries disadvantages of traditional concurrency controls under multilevel security condition and introduces multilevel security dbms concurrency control. after summarizing the related research work, we present a multi level transaction model to solve the convert channel and starvation problems in concurrent control under blp multi level security model
本文首先分析了傳統的數據庫並發控制各自存在的優缺點，總結了傳統並發控制在多級安全條件下存在的問題，由此引出了多級安全數據庫並發控制機制。在總結了已有的研究基礎上，針對blp多級安全模型下並發控制產生隱通道和饑餓問題，本文提出了一種多級事務模型- - - nhstm模型。Based on the necessity and possibilities, and aimed at students " amazement in " choosing by themselves " in cyber culture. during the practice of the subjectivity ' s reshape in internet culture, we suggests improving their self - determinations through self - construction by instructing, cultivating their creativity through developping inertnet resocurces, fostering their self - discipline through internet ethic, developing students " cooperative ablity in internet learning by organizning their interaction and corporations. sequentially, we ought to achieve the accomplishment of subjectivity reshape in internet culture
基於重塑網路文化中學生學習的目的自控性等主體性的必要與可能，針對學生在網路「由自」下學習主體性的迷失問題，在重塑網路文化中學生學習的主體性實踐中，首先是要引導自主建構學習、培養學生的自主性；其次要通過網路資源開發與設計，培養學生的創造性：再是是通過網路倫理教育、培養學生的自律性；最後是要通過互動協作學習、提高學生的合作能力，從而達到重塑網路文化中學生主體性之目的。Produce by our company and " shangyu good happy umbrella industry under the zhyuan " that technical backbone make up collect existing enterprise produce big to succeed for many years, on the basis of thering is production originally, independent development and introducing the new material, new craft ; with many variety, many grade of products, serve the market, serve the masses of customers, implement and guarantee the quality cheap, high - quality net price, meet social a great deal of demands of friends from all walks of life wholeheartedly
由本廠生產和技術骨幹組成的「上虞佳樂傘廠」集現有企業多年生產之大成，在原有生產的基礎上，自主開發和引進新材料、新工藝；以產品的多品種、多檔次，服務於市場，服務于廣大的客戶，實行廉價保質，優質實價，竭誠滿足社會各界朋友們的諸多需求。分享友人