自由能變化 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [zìyóunéngbiànhuà]
自由能變化
英文
change in free energy-
They complement and interact with each other. the commercial regional media communication constructed on modern sciences makes the regional culture which uses regional media as communication carrier more and more popular because the characteristics and functions of regional media itself have being changed deeply
建立在現代科技基礎上、市場化特徵明顯的區域傳播，由於自身特性、功能的深刻變化，在追求「立異」的同時呈現出「趨同」的現象，這使以區域傳播為重要載體和平臺的區域文化，在進化中明顯的涵化。Section two the evaluation of biocompatibility of the acellular dermal matrix by the method of cell culture. the new born rat ' s epdermic cells were cultured with the acellular dermal matrix together as experiment group, while the epdermic cell were cultured simply as control. 24 hours later, under the invert microscope, the epidermic cells anchored well and transparent flat cells were observed in both groups. 7 days later, both cultured cells were taked out and fixed in 95 % ethanol, stained with hematoxylin and were observed under light microscope. many cleaved cells were observed in both groups. during cell culture, no pathogenic microganism was observed. so we considered the acellular dermal matrix was aseptic and had good biocompatibility. section three subdermal implantation of the acellular dermal matrix. 24 rats were used in the experiments. a piece of acellular dermal matrix ( 1. 5 x 1. 5cm2 ) was implanted beneath the dorsum skin flaps of each rat, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks and 4 weeks after implantation, 6 pieces of acellular dermal matrix were harvested and the size of implanted acellular dermal matrix were measured, the sections were used for he staining and observed under light microscope. the result were as folio wing : 1 - 2 weeks after implantation, the acellular dermal matrix began to adhere to the tissue around and turned red gradually ; 3 - 4weeks after implantation, the acellular dermal matrix adhered closely to the tissue around and could be recognized easily, 1 - 3 weeks after implantation, the size of implanted acellular dermal matrix had no statistical difference ( p > 0. 05 ). 4 weeks after implantation implanted acellular dermal matrix contracted ( p < 0. 05 ). under light microscope, l - 2weeks after implantation, the fibroblast cells infiltrated the acellular dermal matrix and a small amount endothelial cells of vessel and lympho - histiocytic cells infiltrated the acellular dermal matrix. 3 - 4 weeks after implantation, infiltrating blood vessels were evident. so we think that the acellular dermal matrix had low immunological reactions and could induce the infiltration of fibroblast macrophage cell and the endothelial cells of vessel
結果如下：皮下包埋卜周者，無細胞真皮基質漸與周圍組織粘附，顏色由蒼白轉紅；皮下包埋3周者，無細胞真皮基質與周圍組織緊密枯附，盾晰葉辯；術后卜周，包埋的基質面積變化較包埋前無統計學差異o川0引，術后4周包埋的無細胞真皮基質面積較包埋前縮小j刃刀5 ） 。光鏡下術后卜周，宿主的淋巳組織細胞、成纖維細胞浸入生長，釉附在膠原纖維上，少量血管內皮細胞浸入基質；術后34周，無細胞真皮基質內較多的血管形成，故可認為無細胞真皮基質免疫原性低，能誘導宿主的成纖維細胞、巨噬細胞浸入生長，為一種新型的真皮替代物。第四部分無細胞真皮基質與自體斷層皮片復合移棺的研究， sd大鼠10隻，在其背部卜方造成全厚皮膚缺損的創面Retreat after retiring, lived to produce very big change with individual interest as a result of the profession, the profession of from long - term insecurity rule lives, turn suddenly to what do not have the rule, laches to retreat retire the life, suit hard and produce angst, not know what to do, have feeling of a kind of lose, some thinking that oneself are energetic, lofty ideal did not propose a toast, can be competent completely to work formerly, let be retreated now can produce lose move, still can have spend gently depressed, think oneself by abandon, hit colour, pessimistic, insomnia without essence of life
退離休以後由於職業生活和個人愛好發生了很大變化，從長期緊張而規律的職業生活，忽然轉到無規律、懈怠的退離休生活，難以適應而產生焦慮、無所適從，有一種失落感，有的認為自己精力充沛、壯志未酬，完全能勝任原工作，現在讓退下來就會產生失落感，還可有輕度抑鬱，認為自己被遺棄，無精打彩、悲觀、失眠。Disigning coolant channel on the firebox of liquid rocket engine to loxodrome ( equal - angle helix ) groove can improve firebox coolant capability greatly. because the width dimension of loxodrome groove is narrow and the depth is deep, some machining methods are incapable, such as end - milling or electrochemistry. according to the peculiarities, a cnc disk - cutter - milling method which is composed of five motion axes with four simultaneously interpolated ones is researched. because most firebox generatrix is composed of complex curves, it is very difficult to get cnc cutting program with manual means. in order to deal with the problem, the loxodrome mathematics model is studied, and an auto - programming software system is developed. the software system can generate cnc cutting program of loxodrome on many kinds of turned surface. the constriction - distension segment of firebox is the most representative workpiece. the sharp changing of its generatrix slope makes loxodrome milling difficult. with the theory analyzing and practice cutting experiment, some applied techniques, which include milling mode and direction, choosing cutter diameter and cutting start point setting, are developed. adopting the technology above, tens regular workpiece have been manufacturing. the two - year manufacture practice has confirmed the validity and feasibility of developed loxodrome coolant channel milling method. the developed technology is also worth to be referenced to other similar workpiece
將液體火箭發動機燃燒室的冷卻通道設計為斜航線（等傾角螺旋線）槽形，可以大幅度改善燃燒室的冷卻性能.斜航線冷卻槽的槽寬尺寸較小而槽深尺寸較大，所以無法使用棒銑刀銑削、電化學等加工方式.針對這些特點，提出了五軸控制、四軸聯動的數控片銑刀銑削加工方法.由於燃燒室外表面的母線輪廓復雜，手工編制數控加工程序難度大.為了解決數控加工程序的編制問題，研究了斜航線的數學模型，開發了自動編程軟體系統.使用該系統，可以生成多種母線輪廓回轉體外表面上的斜航線數控加工程序.燃燒室收斂-擴張段的母線斜率變化大，加工難度大，是斜航線冷卻通道加工的最典型工件.經過理論分析和實際切削實驗，研究了針對該類型工件的片銑刀直徑選擇、銑削方式和方向、刀具調整和起刀點的設置等多項實際的加工方案.採用上述的一系列技術，已經成功地加工了數十個合格工件.經過兩年多的實際生產過程應用，驗證了所開發的斜航線冷卻通道加工方法的正確性和可行性.這些加工技術的研製成功，對其他相似類型零件的加工亦具有參考意義That is the reason that all over the countries have never stopped researching for mask jamming technology of radar. at present, the mask jamming source mainly comes from the thermal noise and zener avalanche noise of semiconductor devices. but the noise ’ s quality isn ’ t stabile because of the differences of semiconductor devices each other and the changes of exterior conditions
目前採用的遮蓋性干擾的噪聲源主要來自半導體器件本身的熱噪聲或齊納雪崩噪聲，但各器件本身的不一致性和外界條件變化等因素使噪聲輸出質量不穩定;同時由於此類信號不能再生，不利於科學研究。Therefore, the paper expanded eles, namely, turned the above assumption into the following : all the consumers in the same income level have the identical marginal budget share or the identical marginal propensity to consume when consuming certain goods, but consumers in different income level have not and the paper, by defining and introducing the nominal variable of income level - a variable of the marginal propensity to consume only resulting from the change of consumers " ( rural residents ) income level, with which the standard income level was compared, adopted to expand again the extended eles model, exploited the surveying household data in 2001 by liaoning statistics bureau, caculated ( 1 ) the marginal propensity to consume, real expenditure structure, real propensity to consume and marginal budget share of main consumer goods of rural residents in different income levels ; ( 2 ) the proportion of the basic demand quantity, the basic demand structure, the basic demand of main consumer goods in real expenditure of livelihood consumption ; ( 3 ) the income elasticity of demand, the expenditure elasticity of consumption, the price elasticity of demand and the cross price elasticity of demand of main consumer goods ; finally, came the following conclusions : 1
故本論文採用對擴展的線性支出系統進行再擴展，即將上述假定改為： 「對某類消費品的邊際預算份額或邊際消費傾向，對于同一收入等級的所有消費者均相同，但對于不同收入等級的消費者則有可能不同。 」並通過定義和在模型中引入收入等級虛變量，藉以代表與基準的收入等級相比，消費者（農民）僅僅由於其所處的收入等級變化所導致的邊際消費傾向的變化量。本論文採用對擴展的eles模型的再擴展，利用遼寧省統計局農調總隊的2001年農村住戶調查分戶資料（共1890戶） ，計算了（ 1 ）不同收入等級農民對各主要類型消費品的邊際消費傾向、實際支出結構、實際消費傾向、邊際預算份額； （ 2 ）不同收入等級農民對各主要類型消費品的基本需求量、基本需求結構、基本需求占實際生活消費支出比重； （ 3 ）不同收入等級農民對各主要類摘要型消費品的需求收入彈性、消費支出彈性、需求自價格彈性、需求的交叉價格彈性。Electromotor joins with high efficiency selected water pump, scm ( single chip micyoco ) control system commands water pump according to cooling water temperature which substitutes traditional strap - driving mechanism pump and forms tael - level intellectualized control cooling system combining with electromotion control of cooling fan. consequently it realizes that water pump and fan autoregulate with engine working status and assures t hat cooling water temperature keeps in the best range all the time and advances the reliability of engine working and realizes exact control of cooling water temperature in deed
選用高效率水泵與電機聯接，改由單片機控制系統根據冷卻水溫控制水泵的工作，代替傳統的皮帶帶動的機械水泵，結合冷卻風扇的電動控制形成兩級智能化控制的冷卻系統，從而，實現了水泵和風扇轉速隨發動機工況變化的自動調節，真正實現了冷卻水溫的精確控制，保證了冷卻水溫始終保持在最佳范圍內，大量減少傳熱損失降低油耗，並提高了發動機工作的可靠性。The frames for the paintings were designed by master and hastily made by fellow - initiate carpenters only the night before the lecture. these frames deviated from the traditional rectangular shape and varied from heart - shapes to elliptical, hexagonal, etc., according to the spirit of the paintings. with visible and invisible approaches, master sparked the wisdom of her disciples, forcing the fellow - initiate carpenters to surpass their limited confidence and abilities
原畫上的新穎畫框是由師父所設計，徒弟於前一夜趕工完成的，不僅突破了傳統的方框造型，改以心型橢圓六角型等多樣變化而更突顯出原畫的精神，同時也因師父以有形無形的教導，擦亮了徒兒的智慧，讓木工師兄們跨越了自己設限的自信和能力。It ' s proved by the simulation result that, the fuzzy logic model reference adaptive controller adapts the change to the grand crutch force well, which is brought from the vehicle pitch and vertical vibration during the brake process, and the change to the slippage ratio which is near to the perfectness
模擬結果證明，模糊模型參考自適應控制器對于在制動過程中由於車輛前傾和垂向振動引起的地面支承力的變化有較好的自適應能力，制動過程中輪胎縱向滑移率的變化更趨近於理想變化。The causes of the defeat were following : the turkish government which strived for establishing and strenthening a new national independent state and realizing modernization did not allow the kurdish separatism within its borders ; the kurds lost the support from the western countries because of the international changes ; the division of the kurds themselves
其失敗的原因，一是由於謀求建立、鞏固新興民族獨立國家和實現現代化的土耳其政府不能容許境內庫爾德人的分離主義；二是由於國際形勢的變化，庫爾德人失去了西方國家的支持；三是與庫爾德人自身的分裂有關。This paper is based on the urban ecological principle and method, by analyzing and studying many key elements of the economic, social and ecological factors in beijing, explores the connection between the urban development and garden green land increased in beijing, summarize the development laws of the garden green land. this paper worked out, development of the garden green land in beijing dependence on upgrading of the industrial structure, afforestation invest, average gdp, policy, olympic games and their own ecological functions, etc. the remarkable change has taken place in the quantity and pattern of the garden green land in beijing. through analysizing the data in 1995 and 2000, the garden green land rose from 16577ha up to 21151ha, increased by 27. 6 %, urban green coverage rate rose from 32. 68 % up to 36. 34 %. especially, it developed rapidly in the public green land and the urban islolated green land, increased by 35. 6 % and 62. 3 % separately, and they have become the main components of garden green land in beij ing
本文以城市生態學的原理和方法為基礎，通過對北京的經濟、社會和生態因素內諸要素進行分析和研究，探索其與北京城市園林綠地發展之間的聯系，總結城市園林綠地的演變規律。本文研究得出，北京市園林綠地的發展與產業結構的升級、園林綠化投資、人均gdp 、政策、奧運會及其自身的生態功能等呈正相關性。北京城市園林綠地的數量和格局也發生了顯著變化，從1995年和2000年的數據分析，北京城市園林綠地由16577ha上升到21151ha ，增長了27 . 6 ，城市綠化覆蓋率由32 . 68上升到36 . 34 。For the weak winning the strong, the most effective and correct practice is to ensure how it takes place and which conditions limit its development. by that, we can understand and use the dialectical relations of different conditions and therefore play a dynamic role that we not only in quantity but also in essence weaken the strong aspects or strengthen the weak aspects of the enemy, strengthen the weak aspects or weaken the weak aspects of our army to change us from the weak to the strong and the enemy from the strong to the army, and finally, to make us win the enemy
對于以弱勝強而言，最有效的正確的實踐就是確定事物強弱轉化是如何形成的，什麼樣的條件制約其發展，從而正確處理尊重條件，認識條件和利用條件的辯證關系，充分發揮人的自覺能動性，通過削弱敵軍強的因素改善我軍弱的因素、擴展敵軍弱的因素增強我軍強的因素、創造有利條件以我之強對敵之弱，從量變到質變促成強弱轉化，使我們由弱變強，敵人由強變弱，最後戰勝敵人。Crack detection system of glass bottles is a subsystem of computer vision detection system on - line of glass products. the whole system was developed by the cooperation of the electronic technique research institute of guangxi normal university and guilin glass factory. in the course of test, the writer found that the subsystem possesses worse adaptability of adapting the change of the environment and worse tolerance to mistakes of the new information
「玻璃瓶口裂紋檢測系統」是廣西師范大學電子技術研究所與桂林市玻璃廠聯合開發的「玻璃製品的計算機視覺在線檢測系統」的一個子系統，筆者在調試過程中發現，該子系統對環境變化適應的靈活性和對新信息的容錯性較差，這主要是由於該子系統目前所採用的演算法不具備自學習、自適應的能力所造成的。Based on the idea of subordinate meshes, we bring forward a new method of weighted volume which is used for constructing linear interpolation polynomials. besides, according to the eno interpolation on unstructured grids, a class of linear interpolation polynomial is developed on irregular quadrilateral grids and allows very small oscillation. program in fortran is given for a remapping algorithm developed by caiqingdong
另外，根據非結構網格的eno插值的思想，構造了四邊形網格網眼內的線性插值多項式，由於利用其插值點自適應選取的特性，在物理量變化劇烈區域選取最光滑區域的點來插值，雖然不能保持單調性，但只允許出現非常小的振蕩。For example, when magnetic material being pressed, magnetic domain, direction and strength of spontaneous magnetization will vary. this phenomenon is called effect of pressing magnet. whichever rearrangement of magnetic domain or direction change of spontaneous magnetization will induces extra shape change of material
如對鐵磁材料施加應力時，往往會導致磁疇、自發磁化方向和強度發生變化，這一現象稱之為壓磁效應，由於得益於壓磁效應的作用，不論是磁疇重新排列還是自發磁化方向發生變化都會引起材料額外的形變，因此在一定應力的作用下鐵磁材料能產生非彈性變形。In this paper, paradigm is firstly analyzed and regarded as a system that consists of idea paradigm, rule paradigm and practice paradigm ; then, a combined point between the western economics and paradigm is found out by analyzing economics, that is to say, idea paradigm has the same meaning as the regulative problems, and rule paradigm and practice paradigm are branches of analyzed problems. so author thinks that it is possible to appear the natural development law of economics by analyzing economics theory introduced by kuhn ' s thoughts. in this paper, the possibility of applying kuhn ' s thoughts in the researches on western economics is proved and conformed by studying the development history of western economics, and institutional economics, the development trend of western economics is deduced
因此，為了利於研究，筆者首先對庫恩範式進行解構，把範式看作是由觀念範式、規則範式和操作範式三要素構成的範式系統，其中觀念範式是核心，是始發之源，規則範式是中層結構，而操作範式是聯結外部自然的「外圍」 ，在範式系統的層次結構中觀念範式是最穩定的，不易發生變化的，一旦觀念範式發生變化，則整個範式系統發生「格式塔轉換」使其明確化；然後通過分析經濟學的研究邏輯，認為經濟學的研究邏輯由對象邏輯、思想邏輯、和發展邏輯構成，通過對經濟學對象邏輯和思想邏輯的研究，找到經濟學研究與範式的結合點，即觀念範式與規范性問題是具有同等意義的概念，而規則範式和操作範式是武漢理工大學碩士學位論文對分析性問題的細分，從而使範式理論應用於經濟學理論的研究成為可能。Based on collected and read literatures, this paper gives the analysis of its characteristics, architecture, security problem, qos problem, and comparison among present popular wireless ad hoc routing algorithm as well. 4. according to the characteristics of wireless network situation of wearable computer, this paper comes up with a wireless network frame for wearable computer based on lsr ( link state routing protocol )
（ 4 ）結合可穿戴計算機無線網路環境的特點，在對自組網路由選擇演算法比較分析的基礎上，提出了一種適用於可穿戴計算機無線網路的基於混合路由策略的lsr （ linkstateroutingprotocol ）路由協議的框架，它能夠根據網路拓撲結構變化的不同程度在先應式和后應式路由策略之間進行自然平滑的切換。The major achievements are listed as the followings : mathieu functions remain difficult to employ, mainly because of the impossibility of analytically representing them in a simple and handy way. the methods for the computation of all mathieu functions of integer orders for large range of the order n and the parameter q were presented here. the calculations were made by programs using matlab to compute the mathieu functions
本論文的主要工作:由於在使用馬丟函數時存在一些困難，主要是因為不能簡單方便地對其進行解析表示，我們給出整數階各類馬丟函數的詳細計算方法，該方法適合較大范圍的階數n和參數q值，實際計算中採用了matlab軟體進行編程實現，並給出了各類馬丟函數在自變量和q值兩個參數變化下的三維可視化圖形。Abstract : a new green air - condition system is designed. it consists of 4 sub - systems : intellectual database, chaotic, neural work and fuzzy control. the new system can produce natural temperature and green environment
文摘:提出一個新的綠色空調系統，由智能數據庫、神經網路、混沌信號、模糊控制器四大子系統組成，可以產生模擬自然界的用戶自己喜歡的氣溫變化，使用戶可以微風拂面、春風徐徐In the process of building and using the mass concrete structures, because of the effect of out - side condition and themselves, some faults will form in the structure, these faults will effect the bearing capability and endurance using nondestructive testing method to test the concrete ' s quality and diagnose its healthy, which has the significant sense in assessing the safety stability and research of the administering diseases this dissertation mostly researched the testing methods in the mass concrete structure, discussed the principles, methods, features, sphere of application of the ultrasonic testing in the mass concrete structure with faults, used dynamic fem to simulate the testing process, discussed when the concrete structure with cracks is under the effect of the pulse, how the elastic waves propagate and what are their changing feature, researched the principles of the first - arriving waves " phase when the cracks " depths are not same, obtained the relation between the inversion point and the cracks " depth, which has the direction sense in the application of projects, the second part of this dissertation is ct, which used the ultrasonic wave running through the tested - substance to get arriving - time of the ultrasonic wave, then inverse the image this dissertation drawed one ct program which can well present the different little cells " ultrasonic wave velocity profiles of the substance, thereby to diagnose the quality of the part of the tested - substance, ct has the better using foreground.
在混凝土結構的施工及使用過程中，由於受其自身及外界各種因素的影響，常常會產生一些缺陷，對結構物的承載能力和耐久性造成嚴重影響，採用無損檢測技術進行質量檢測和健康診斷，這對混凝土結構開展安全、穩定性評估以及病害隱患治理研究具有重要意義。本論文主要針對大體積混凝土結構缺陷的檢測方法展開研究工作，重點討論了超聲波法檢測混凝土結構裂縫的基本原理和方法及其特點、適用范圍，運用動力有限元數值模擬其檢測過程，探討了有裂縫缺陷的混凝土結構在脈沖荷載作用下彈性波的傳播及其變化特徵，研究了不同裂縫深度下首波相位變化規律，得出了反轉臨界點與裂縫深度之間的關系，這對實際工程應用具有指導意義。聲波ct是一種新的無損檢測技術，它是利用聲波穿透被檢測體獲取聲波接收時間，來進行計算機反演成像的技術。分享友人