表型復制 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [biǎoxíngzhì]
表型復制 英文
phenocopy
  • : Ⅰ名詞1 (外面;外表) outside; surface; external 2 (中表親戚) the relationship between the child...
  • : Ⅰ形容詞1 (重復) repeated; double; duplicate 2 (繁復) complex; compound Ⅱ動詞1 (轉過去或轉過...
  • : Ⅰ動詞1 (製造) make; manufacture 2 (擬訂; 規定) draw up; establish 3 (用強力約束; 限定; 管束...
  1. The results showed that the exactness of the model can meet needs of production and is valuable

    結果明,該模能夠滿足忠實的要求,具有一定的實用價值。
  2. Social identity of elite and civilian determine the character of their architecture : the representative character of elite architecture is exclusive ? monumental ? gigantic ? sublime ; relative to elite architecture, the representative character of civilian architecture is repeating ? earthy ? jerkwater ? vulgar

    精英與平民兩種社會群體的社會特性決定了其建築思想形態的特點:精英建築的典特徵可以總結為唯一的?紀念碑式的?巨構的?崇高的;相對于精英建築,平民建築現出的典特徵是可的?樸實的?微小的?低俗的。
  3. A shallow copy creates a new instance of the same type as the original object, and then copies the nonstatic fields of the original object

    副本創建與原始對象具有相同類的新實例,然後原始對象的非靜態欄位。
  4. The important meaning in which this direction studied has lain in establishing the connection between the material science of concrete and civil engineering, analyse the strength in terms of material microcosmic or the mesoscopic, have important meaning to understanding, know the essential law of the strength of concrete. this text divides six chapters altogether. chapter one reviewed the pore structure in nowadays domestic and international research current situation, including the concrete examines research, research of the pore structure model and the research current situations of pore structure and strength relation of the pore method, have introduced some most important achievements of structure research of pore ; chapter two narrated much yardstick of the material mesoscopic structure of concrete and principle of examining pore technology of material of concrete, and the commonly used sign parameter in discussedding the pore and material pore of quito of cement and analyse, have explained that the influence factor of mip to the result of study of pore, has pointed out the limitation in mip in the pore structure ; analyse porosity and strength relation development course of model emphatically, and has carried on comparative analysis to the existing model, has pointed out the weak point of the original model ; on the basis of " ing integrate synthetically ", propose concrete pore structure compound body model and pore physical model of systemlex body ; chapter five carried on the corresponding test data to compares to the model parameter appearing in model of chapter four with and analyses, have received k value of the characteristic of strength of matrices of reflecting according to the method to return to analysis, and calculate the influence produced on the strength of concrete in revision that can probed into the content of cement, elastic mould and surface energy, exactness of the inspection model ; chapter six is the conclusion, according to studying the survey this text to some research conclusions of the pore structure and making corresponding prospect to the structure development of pore

    第一章回顧了孔結構在當今國內外的研究現狀,包括混凝土測孔方法的研究、孔結構模的研究及孔結構與強度關系的研究現狀,介紹了孔結構研究方面的一些最重要的成果;第二章敘述了混凝土材料細觀結構的多尺度性及混凝土材料測孔技術的原理,並討論了水泥基多孔材料孔隙分析中常用的徵參數,也說明了壓汞法測孔對研究結果的影響因素,指出了壓汞法在孔結構研究中的局限性;第三章是著重分析了孔隙率與強度關系模的發展歷程,並對已有的模進行了比較分析,指出了原有模的不足之處;第四章在「綜合集成」的基礎上,提出了混凝土孔結構合體模和孔系統的物理模,並模擬了該模下由各單體並聯形成的合體的斷裂過程,最後根據所建模了相應的計算程序,可根據輸入的孔徑分佈與水泥含量等參數,實現混凝土理論強度的計算;第五章對第四章模中出現的模參數進行了相應的試驗數據對比分析,根據回歸分析的方法得到了反映基體強度特徵的k值,並從理論上探討了水泥含量、彈性模量和面能的修正對混凝土強度計算產生的影響,檢驗模的正確性;第六章是結論與展望,根據研究綜述了本文對孔結構的一些研究結論並對孔結構發展作了相應的展望。
  5. The feedbacks of position, velocity, acceleration and dynamic pressure were applied to adjust the model, so the control system of single jar electrodraulic servo mechanism was built. to reduce the system error and interference error, the compound control was designed. the results of simulations showed that the magnitude attenuation and phase lag of the system come to the project demand

    引入包括位置反饋、速度反饋、加速度反饋和動壓反饋在內的反饋控技術對電液伺服驅動機構模進行綜合校正,從而建立單缸電液伺服控系統,並在分析系統誤差和擾動誤差后,加入合控減小系統誤差和抑干擾,模擬結果合控系統的控製品質有了明顯改善,能夠滿足工程需求。
  6. The perovskite - type metal oxides supports and the corresponding supported pd catalyst were prepared by microwave, and characterized by xrd, sem and used in the direct synthesis of diphenyl carbonate ( dpc )

    摘要利用微波法備了鈣鈦礦合氧化物載體及把負載鈣鈦礦催化劑,用xrd和sem對載體及催化劑進行了徵,並將微波法備的催化劑用於一步氧化羰基化合成碳酸二苯酯( dpc )實驗。
  7. In this report, we mainly covered the following aspects of " tissue organ regeneration and replication in situ " : 1 ) procedures of tissue organd regeneration and replication and replication in clnical practice ; 2 ) the discover and existence of potentiald regenerative cell ( prc ) ; 3 ) the proliferation, differentiation and regeneration law of potential law of potential regenerative cells ; 4 ) study procedure on tissue organ regeneration and replication from prcs in vitro based on the model of full skin organ regeneration in situ after extensive in vitro, set up the method and technology of searching life regenerative substance required in tissue organ regeneration and replication in situ. in this study, first, the whole human body is divided into 206 function units, which are the " tissue organ " in regeneration study. then the histology foundation of tissue organ regeneration and replication in situ is set up. in ordre to prove the existence of the potential regenerative cells and their potential baility and function, we established clinical tracking rechnique of skin organ regeneration in situ ; meanwhile, several tissue organ regeneration and replication in vitro models which represent different kinds of runctions were sucessfully set up, with all these techniques and models, we confirmed : 1 ) the existence, function and ability of pptemtoa regenerative cells ; 2 ) the importance of life regenerative substance ; 3 ) the feasibility of tissue organ regeneration and replication in situ ; 4 ) the big value of tissue organ regeneration and replication in situ in life science and medicine progerss. we also showed the possible foreground of capture cancer with this method and technologh. in this report, nearly 200 photographs of several tissue organ regeneration and replication in situ or in vitro demonstrated the whole process of tissue organ and big organ entities regeneration and replication from cells. the results of tissue organ regeneration and replication in situ mainly include : 1 ) whole skin organ regeneration and replication in situ ; 2 ) gastrointestinal mucosa tissue organ regeneration in vitro ; 3 ) hair follicle tissue organ regeneration in situ or in vitro ; 4 ) never tissue organ regeneration in situ ; 5 ) pancreas tissue organ regeneration and replication in vitro ; 5 ) marrow tissue regeneration in vitro ; 6 ) renal glomerulus and tubule tissue organ tugeneraation in vitro ; 7 ) heart muscle regeneration in vitro, etcl. in order to let more and more people know and understand this technology of tissue organd regeneration and replication in situ, herein, for the first time, we publicize the key points of actualizing this technology. also, we publicized the technology procedures and the frame constitute of life substances. we bilieve this is a big contribution to human science

    本研究報告,重點報道了組織器官的原位再生的臨床程序,報道了組織潛能再生細胞的發現和存在,以及該細胞的增殖分化和形成組織器官的變化規律.以燒傷后皮膚組織器官的原位再生為模,研究出了體外組織潛能再生細胞組織器官的培養方法;以體外組織器官的為模,建立了尋找原位組織器官再生所需生命物質的方法和技術.本研究,首先按人體的器官功能,分解為206個功能單位,確立了所的人體器官中的組織功能單位為組織器官,從而建立了原位組織器官再生的組織學基礎.為了驗證組織潛能再生細胞的再生潛能,建立了皮膚器官原位再生的實體臨床跟蹤技術,同時又建立了能代有關器官功能類別的代組織器官的原位和體外,以多組織器官的成功確定潛能再生細胞的作用,確定生命研究再生物質的重要性,確定組織器官原位再生的可行性,確定了組織器官原位再生的生命科學研究和醫學進步的重大應用價值,同時展示了用此方法和技術攻克癌癥的前景.本研究報告,以近二百幅多個組織器官原位和體外再生的實體圖片,展示了潛能再生細胞的組織器官和大器官司實體;展示了細胞再生器官的全過程.真實的報告了組織器官原位再生的成果.所公布的主要成果為:皮膚器官的原位再生;胃腸黏膜組織器官的原位和體外再生;毛囊組織器官的原位和體外再生;神經組織器官的原位;胰腺組織器官的體外;骨髓組織的體外;腎小球小管組織器官的體外;心肌的體外等.為了讓更多的人學會和掌握組織器官原位再生技術,本報告首次公布實施技術的重要環節和技術流程;首次公布了生命再生物質的框架和組成.作者自費研究成果對人類生命科學的一大貢獻
  8. The research on the properties of the copper nanoparticles / paraffin thermosensitive composite materials reveals : the thermal sensitivity and the thermal expansion are " aried by the cempress moulding in heat condition with the change in density ; the thermal sensitivity is varied by the mechanical milling with the change in particle shape and particle dimension ; the mass ration of copper and paraffin in the composite materials also affects the thermal sensitivity, the thermal expansion and the thermal stability with the change in copper nanoparticles and paraffin interface

    合顆粒進行壓力成備的合材料進行性能測試分析明:熱壓成工藝通過改變合材料的緻密度來影響材料的熱敏性和熱膨脹性。高能球磨工藝主要通過改變球磨時間使銅粒形狀和粒徑發生變化來影響合材料的熱敏性,以及改變銅粉和石蠟的質量比使納米銅粒和石蠟的合界面發生變化來影響材料的熱敏性、熱膨脹性和熱穩定性。
  9. Cai, 1998 ; bikai nie, & bingying wang, 2000 ) provided evidence that, while our students outperformed on problem - solving tasks, the result was not the same on problem - posing tasks. because most students learned mathematics and developed increased mathematical capacities only when they participate in instruction focused on rich and worthwhile mathematical activity. however, in the circles of mathematics education, there was a universal sense, that is : our mathematical education loses contact with reality ; students solve problems not related to real life ; the mathematical activity students conducted mostly focused on memorization and mechanical use of procedures rather than the use of mathematical knowledge and tools to explore patterns, frame and solve problem, etc.

    課堂是學生學習數學、發展數學認知的主陣地,我國學生的數學認知在上述方面現出來的差異可以從數學課程與教學中尋找原因: 「中國數學教育脫離實際」 (張奠宙, 1994 ) ; 「在強調素質教育的今天,絕大多數課堂教學仍然是傳授知識加技能訓練的傳統教學模式」 , 「學生的數學學習仍然是一種『』的『消極』學習」 , 「學生幾乎沒有獨立思考、探索發現的機會」 (季素月, 1996 ) ;我國數學課程在「探究」和「背景」上「較薄弱」 ,在「運算」和「推理」等方面「要求過高」 (鮑建生,博士學位論文, 2002 ) 。
  10. Abstract : plant responses to salt stress via a complex mechanism, including sensing and transducing the stress signal, activating the transcription factors and the corresponding metabolizing genes. since the whole mechanism is still unclear, this review emphasize the biochemical events during the plant adaptation to salt stress referring to an index of importance : the homeostasis in cytoplasm, the biosynthesis of osmolytes and the transport of water. most of these biochemical events were elucidated by study of halophyte and salt - sensitive mutations, also many important genes involved were cloned and used to generate stress - tolerance phenotypes in transgenic plants. on the other hand, about the molecular mechanism in signal transduction, the research of arabidopsis mutations and yeast functional complementation provided helpful traces but not full pathway

    摘要植物對鹽脅迫的耐受反應是個雜的過程,在分子水平上它包括對外界鹽信號的感應和傳遞,特異轉錄因子的激活和下游控生理生化應答的效應基因的達.在生化應答中,本文著重討論負責維持和重建離子平衡的膜轉運蛋白、滲調劑的生物合成和功能及水分控.這些生理生化應答最終使得液泡中離子濃度升高和滲調劑在胞質中積累.近年來,通過對各種鹽生植物或鹽敏感突變株的研究,闡明了許多鹽應答的離子轉運途徑、水通道和物種特異的滲調劑代謝途徑,克隆了其相關基因並能在轉基因淡水植物中產生耐鹽;另一方面,在擬南芥突變體及利用酵母鹽敏感突變株功能互補篩選得到一些編碼信號傳遞蛋白的基因,這些都有助於闡明植物鹽脅迫應答的分子機
  11. New study demonstrates telbivudine s superiority to adefovir in hepatitis b treatment both newly diagnosed hepatitis b patients and those who have previously taken adefovir, a widely prescribed treatment for the disease, will see improved viral suppression with telbivudine, according to a new study presented at the asian pacific association for the study of liver apasl meeting in kyoto, japan

    亞太肝臟學會( apasl )在日本京都發最新研究報告指出,無論是乙肝炎新癥以及一些正在服用傳統藥物阿德?偉( adefovir )的乙肝炎病人,在服用新一代的口服乙肝藥劑替比夫定( telbivudine )后,可更有效抑病毒,為乙肝炎患者的新選擇。
  12. It includes each set of " east meets west " stamp watches is packed with a leather strap and string ( top ), watch faces of " east meets west - communication and handicrafts " stamp watch set ( bottom left ) and watch faces of " east meets west - tea arts and performance " stamp watch set ( bottom right ). the chic " east meets west " stamp watch sets feature four watches in two sets designed in the shape of postage stamps

    包括每套「中西文化匯聚郵票手錶」均附送皮帶及皮繩各一條(上圖) 、 「中西文化匯聚溝通與工藝」郵票手錶(下圖左)及「中西文化匯聚茶道與演藝」郵票手錶(下圖右) ,時尚的中西文化匯聚郵票手錶分為兩套四款,手錶的外形為郵票的形狀,面圖案自「 2002年香港通用郵票」系列郵票。
  13. Using the microwave selective heating property for materials, by setup equivalent equation, and first time inducing the electromagnetic field perturbation theory to the design of heating materials for substrate in mpcvd, three temperature distribution modes were established, including temperature distribution comprehensive mode of inhomogeneous plasma, temperature distribution composite mode of composite substrate materials, temperature distribution perturbation mode of composite materials, which ii provided an whole new technology route to the design of substrate heating system in mpcvd and guided the preparation of heating materials for substrate. and then the heating materials for substrate were designed and optimized to obtain large area homogeneous temperature distribution even larger than substrate holder ' s diameter. as an important part, this thesis researched the nucleation and growth of diamond films in mpcvd, systematically researched the effects of substrate pretreatment, methane concentration, deposition pressure and substrate temperature etc experimental technologic parameters on diamond films " quality on ( 100 ) single crystal silicon substrate in the process of mpcvd, characterized the films qualities in laser raman spectra ( raman ), x - ray diffraction ( xrd ), scanning electron microscopy ( sem ), infrared transmission spectra ( ir ), atomic force microscopy ( afm ), determined the optimum parameters for mpcvd high quality diamond in the mpcvd - 4 mode system

    該系統可通過沉積參數的精確控,以控沉積過程,減少金剛石膜生長過程中的缺陷,並採用光纖光譜儀檢測分析等離子體的可見光光譜以監測微波等離體化學氣相沉積過程;利用微波對材料的選擇加熱特性,通過構造等效方程,並首次將電磁場攝動理論引入到mpcvd的基片加熱材料的設計中,建立了非均勻等離子體溫度場綜合模合介質基片材料的合溫度場模合介質材料溫度場攝動模,為mpcvd的基片加熱系統設計提供了一條全新的技術路線以指導基片加熱材料的備,並對基片加熱材料進行了設計和優選,以獲取大面積均勻的溫度場區,甚至獲得大於基片臺尺寸的均勻溫度區;作為研究重點之一,開展了微波等離體化學氣相沉積金剛石的成核與生長研究,系統地研究了在( 100 )單晶硅基片上mpcvd沉積金剛石膜的實驗過程中,基片預處理、甲烷濃度、沉積氣壓、基體溫度等不同實驗工藝參數對金剛石薄膜質量的影響,分別用raman光譜、 x射線衍射( xrd ) 、掃描電鏡( sem ) 、紅外透射光譜( ir ) 、原子力顯微鏡( afm )對薄膜進行了徵,確立了該系統上mpcvd金剛石膜的最佳的實驗工藝參數。
  14. Dnd phenotype could be detected when the entire dnd cluster was integrated in the chromosome or carried by the low copy - number plasmid in zx1. however, when dnd cluster was carried by a plasmid with a copy - number around or higher than c. 10 copies in zx1, dnd phenotype could not be observed

    當完整的dnd基因簇整合在zx1染色體上或由1 2個拷貝的自主的質粒攜帶進入zx1 ,都能在zx1中檢測到dnd,但是由10個或超過10個拷貝的質粒攜帶進入zx1 ,就檢測不到dnd
  15. A kind of novel composite photocatalysts containing tio2 and tourmaline particles, such as tourmaline / tio2 composite photocatalysts and tourmaline / [ tio2, sio2 ] composite photocalysts, were fabricated mainly by the sol - gel technique, whose microstructure, photocatalystic activities and spontaneous polarization were investigated by the scanning electron microscope ( sem ), uv - visible spectro - photometer, etc. the novel porous composite films of tourmaline / tio2 were prepared from alkoxide solutions on the surface of copper by sol - gel method

    本工作利用電氣石礦物材料的天然電極性、輻射紅外線性能和tio _ 2的光催化性能,研製以電氣石為載體, tio _ 2薄膜和[ tio _ 2 , sio _ 2 ]合薄膜為催化劑的新合催化材料。研究材料的備技術、結構、性能及電氣石面tio _ 2晶體生長機理、電氣石增強tio _ 2光催化效率機理。
  16. A shallow copy is performed. a shallow copy of an

    的數組,則執行淺
  17. Encapsulate some complex reaction types as objects, including elementary mechanisms, enzymatic mechanisms and gene expression mechanisms, simplify the description of complex biochemistry reactions ; at the same time encapsulate typical biological processes, such as transcription and translation, so it can avoid a lot of repeated workload

    雜生物化學反應封裝成對象,包括基本的化學反應類,酶反應機和基因達機等,簡化了雜生化反應的描述;同時對經常使用的典生物過程,例如轉錄、翻譯過程等,封裝成對象,避免了大量重性的工作,方便用戶的使用。
  18. Construction and packing of replication - defective adenovirus vectors expressing hcv structural proteins will play an important role in research of hcv and vaccination. hcv infection often result in persistent infection

    構建並包裝達hcv結構基因的缺陷腺病毒載體,在丙肝炎的防治和hcv的研究中具有重要意義。
  19. The suburbs of city have particular position, its land use is influenced by the urbanization process of suburbs and is limited by agricultural land. it often becomes first - selected region where many cities solve “ urban disease ”, evacuate the population of old city and relieve the pressure of enterprises and the traffic. it is the location where the complexity, dynamics and transition of land type are abundant

    由於城市近郊地理位置的特殊性,其土地利用既受城市化進程(城市郊區化進程)的影響,又受農業用地的約,往往成為眾多城市解決「城市病」 、疏散舊城人口、緩解企業和交通壓力的首選地,是土地類雜性、動態性、過渡性現充分的地段,也是土地利用供需矛盾最為尖銳和集中的地區。
  20. Based upon the replication type shown across the top and the article type shown down the first column

    (在頂部橫向顯示)和項目類(在第一列縱向顯示)說明了
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