規定荷重 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [guīdìnghézhòng]
規定荷重
英文
specified load-
Fist of all, on the basis of the research of agone boffins, this author investigates the interaction mechanism of bolts and rock, and introduces the elastic ? lastic analytical resolution which is consist of the liner structure, the equivalent reinforced wall rock and the original wall rock in the simple loading from the equivalent well - proportioned view ; this solution is very important meaning for the engineering design. on the basis of coulomb friction model, the author introduces the finite element equation of the contact problem in order to provide the academic foundation for the application of msc. marc. finally, combining the engineering practice of the non - linear analysis of shield tunnel through yellow river of the south - north water transfer and using the model of friction, the author researched the evolution law of stress and displacement field in the structure of grouted rock bolts, and analyzed the effect to the stress and deformation of surrounding rock mass due to anchor supports
首先，在前人研究成果的基礎上，對錨桿與圍巖的相互作用機理進行研究，利用全長錨固錨桿的中性點理論，從等效均化的角度來考慮錨桿對圍巖的加固作用，並推導了在簡單荷載作用下，含有襯砌、等效加固后的圍巖、原始圍巖三者的彈塑性解析解，對工程設計有著重要的參考意義；在數值模擬方面，以考慮錨固圍巖滿足規則化庫侖摩擦模型為基礎，利用虛功原理推導了接觸問題的有限元方程的計算格式，為開發運用大型商用有限元軟體msc . marc提供了理論根據，也形成了本文的理論基礎：最後，論文以南水北調東線穿黃隧洞穩定性分析項目為工程實例，利用本文所述的接觸問題的摩擦模型理論，對錨桿支護結構的應力場、位移場的變化規律進行了研究，分析了加錨支護對隧洞圍巖應力、變形的影響。When less enlightened critics focused on the formulaic aspects of the film, critic fereydoun hoveyda unleashed one of the most glorious panegyrics of cahiers du cinema auteurism : with clock - like regularity, certain critics continue to insist on the importance of script, acting and the system of production. while we are at it, why not take into account the influence of the heavenly heres
雖然影片推出后，一般評論都針對戲中的俗套公式，但影評人荷夫德就肯定了影片的價值，解開了電影筆記作者論的束縛，指出: "某些影評人仍看重規律，堅持劇本，演出及製作模式的重要性。This paper, in the light of the special geological environment and actual project situation of the three gorges reservoir area, puts forward a comprehensive analysis and evaluation system suitable for the stability analysis of the bank landslide of the three gorges reservoir area under the premise of thorough consideration of the water influence on the stability of the bank landslide, and obtains the following achievements in several aspects that have the practical application significance and certain scientific research value : ( 1 ) it is discovered that the water activity is the primary factor of the formation of the new landslide and the revival of the ancient landslide. on the one hand, the rising underwater level reduces the actual stress of landslide ; on the other hand, the long time soaking of the underwater reduces the mechanics intensity of the landslide and the slide belt, both of which reduce directly the landslide stability ; ( 2 ) in view of the special condition of the three gorges reservoir area, this paper analyzes systematically the forces acted on the landslide of the three gorges reservoir area and the force varieties acted on the divided landslide when the water level changes between 175 meters and 145 meters. thus it is more scientific and comprehensive for the analysis of the forces acted on the landslide ; ( 3 ) this paper summaries systematically 10 kinds of typical computation projects by organic combinations of different kinds of situations in the dry season ( nature statue ), rainy season ( rainstorm or rains for a long time condition ), with 175m water level in the reservoir, during the earthquake, with the water level of the reservoir adjusted from 175m to 145m and so on, and produces
本文針對長江三峽庫區特殊的地質環境與工程實際情況，在充分考慮水對庫岸滑體穩定性影響的前提下，提出了一個適用於長江三峽庫岸滑坡體穩定性分析的綜合分析評價體系，並取得了如下幾個方面具有工程實際意義和一定科學研究價值的研究成果： （ 1 ）研究結果發現，水的活動是新滑坡形成或古滑坡復活的主要因素，一方面是由於地下水位升高降低了滑坡體的有效應力，另一方面是由於地下水的長期浸泡降低滑體及滑帶的力學強度，這兩方面的因素均將直接降低滑坡的穩定性； （ 2 ）針對三峽庫區的特殊條件，系統分析了作用於三峽庫區滑坡體上的力系和庫水位在175m與145m間變化時滑體條塊的受力變化，從而使對作用於滑坡體上的力系分析更科學、更全面； （ 3 ）通過對滑體處于旱季（天然狀態） 、雨季（暴雨或長期降雨狀態） 、 175m庫水位、地震以及庫水位由175m調節下降至145m等各種不同情況的有機組合，本文系統地歸納總結出了10種典型計算工況，並具體給出了相應的作用荷載的計算方法，使在庫區岸坡滑體穩定性分析評價時對計算工況選擇及其作用荷載的計算更具規范性； （ 4 ）具體運用c + + builder開發了關于滑坡體穩定性綜合分析評價系統，使對滑坡體穩定性分析計算更方便、更準確； （ 5 ）將上述滑坡體穩定性綜合分析評價系統應用於重慶市豐都縣名山滑坡穩定性分析的具體事例中，分析結果表明，本文所提出滑坡體穩定性綜合分析評價方法對三峽庫區的滑坡穩定性分析是實用可行的。Two types of seismic calucation methods that are response spectrum analysis and time - history analysis are used to analyze the seismic response of kiewitt ' s suspen - dome under lateral seismic action and vertical seismic action. the result obtained by above - mentioned methods and the code method are compared. genetic algorithm method is proposed to optimize the prestress of suspen - dome
本文採用振型分解反應譜法和時程分析法兩種方法，對kiewitt型弦支穹頂預應力結構的水平和豎向地震作用下的地震效應進行計算分析，並同現行的規范和規程的規定方法一10重力荷載代表值簡化法計算結果進行了比較分析。As the agricultural nfs is the most important factor for water environmental deterioration and lake eutrophication in china, more and more scientists and technologists focus on the control countermeasurc and pollution mechanism of agricultural non - point source ( nfs ). based on the investigation of natural resource and agricultural distribution, the loss rule of nitrogen and phosphorus in the typical land of qiandao lake watershed and distribution rule of the phytoplankton and physico - chemical characteristic in the lake were studied, and the input loading of nitrogen and phosphorus was also calculated by the annagnps model in this thesis. according to the routine monitoring data of the water environment in qiandao lake from 1989 to 2001, the concentrations of toxic substance and heavy metal were under the monitoring limit, but the total nitrogen ( tn ) and total phosphorus ( tp ) were much higher than the criterion for lake and reservoir
本文調查了千島湖流域的自然資源和農業生產情況，研究了典型坡地降雨徑流中的氮、磷污染物的輸出規律，利用annagnps模型估算流域農業非點源污染物輸入負荷，並在千島湖內設點采樣，對水質理化指標和浮游植物群落進行系統的研究，得出以下結論： 1989 2001年間的水環境常規監測資料統計分析表明，有毒物質和重金屬濃度長期在監測下限內， no _ 2 - n 、 no _ 3 - n 、 nh _ 3 - n年平均濃度均符合類標準，但湖泊水庫特定項目tn和tp濃度分別為超類和類，呈嚴重超標狀況，湖區主要污染因子是將導致富營養化的物質tn和tp 。The bridges are pivotal stronghold of the whole road. it becomes more and more popluar that some existing bridges betray multifarious structure damage and the limitations below the anticipative functions inevitably by reason of structure aging or vehicle load increasing or adverse environment or maintenance deficiency. lt results in not only the local bottleneck of the line and hidden trouble to the passing vehicle if the defective bridges are not duly maintained and reinforced. as a result, the bridge evaluation is specially important to the maintenance and strengthening. futhermore, we can not demolish and rebuild only but adop corresponding measures according ad temporal condition when the bridges are deemed to have defectiveness. so it accords with the situation of a country that the reinforcement and other upgrade measures aim at the bridge attention
由於結構自然老化、車輛荷載增加、不利環境影響以及養護維修欠缺，一部分橋梁不可避免地要暴露出各種結構損傷和既有橋梁不滿足規定功能要求的問題越來越普遍。如果這些技術狀況不佳的橋梁得不到及時的維修和加固，不僅會造成整條線路的局部瓶頸，而且還會對通行的車輛造成極大的隱患。因此，橋梁評估作為橋梁維修和加固的依據就顯得尤為重要；此外出現了技術狀況不佳的橋梁應根據實際情況採取相應的措施，而不能僅僅採取拆除重建的方法，因此加固和其他升級方法是目前比較符合中國國情的橋梁改造措施。Massive use of power electronic devices as nonlinear load in power system is leading to serious harmonic impact, and conventional electric energy metering method may cause certain errors when harmonics exist
電力電子器件非線性負荷在電網中的大量投入使用，使電網中的諧波影響日趨嚴重，常規電能計量方式在諧波情況下存在一定誤差。In 1823, the dutch governor v. d. capellen issued a colonial order under which all tin mines were turned into dutch colonial enterprises. it also ended a debate which had lasted for several decades over whether or not to follow the american model of using negro slaves to excavate the tin mines. an unwritten rule that chinese labourers should work the mines because local indonesian natives were unsuited for heavy labour was propagated
發布了對錫礦開采和貿易的殖民化命令，所有的錫礦變成了荷殖企業，從而長達幾十年「用黑人奴隸開礦的美國模式」的辯論終告結束，出臺了「本地土人不適于重體力勞動，應由中國勞工進行開礦」的不成文規定。With the help of nonlinear finite element software adina, the distribution pattern and magnitude of back earth pressure of the anchor slab retaining wall with double layered anchor plate with various material parameters were analyzed, and the factors influencing the earth pressure ware discussed, also
摘要應用adina非線性有限元軟體分析各種材料參數下，兩層錨定板擋墻在重力荷載作用下的墻背土壓力的分佈規律及大小，探討了影響土壓力的因素。In the process of building and using the mass concrete structures, because of the effect of out - side condition and themselves, some faults will form in the structure, these faults will effect the bearing capability and endurance using nondestructive testing method to test the concrete ' s quality and diagnose its healthy, which has the significant sense in assessing the safety stability and research of the administering diseases this dissertation mostly researched the testing methods in the mass concrete structure, discussed the principles, methods, features, sphere of application of the ultrasonic testing in the mass concrete structure with faults, used dynamic fem to simulate the testing process, discussed when the concrete structure with cracks is under the effect of the pulse, how the elastic waves propagate and what are their changing feature, researched the principles of the first - arriving waves " phase when the cracks " depths are not same, obtained the relation between the inversion point and the cracks " depth, which has the direction sense in the application of projects, the second part of this dissertation is ct, which used the ultrasonic wave running through the tested - substance to get arriving - time of the ultrasonic wave, then inverse the image this dissertation drawed one ct program which can well present the different little cells " ultrasonic wave velocity profiles of the substance, thereby to diagnose the quality of the part of the tested - substance, ct has the better using foreground.
在混凝土結構的施工及使用過程中，由於受其自身及外界各種因素的影響，常常會產生一些缺陷，對結構物的承載能力和耐久性造成嚴重影響，採用無損檢測技術進行質量檢測和健康診斷，這對混凝土結構開展安全、穩定性評估以及病害隱患治理研究具有重要意義。本論文主要針對大體積混凝土結構缺陷的檢測方法展開研究工作，重點討論了超聲波法檢測混凝土結構裂縫的基本原理和方法及其特點、適用范圍，運用動力有限元數值模擬其檢測過程，探討了有裂縫缺陷的混凝土結構在脈沖荷載作用下彈性波的傳播及其變化特徵，研究了不同裂縫深度下首波相位變化規律，得出了反轉臨界點與裂縫深度之間的關系，這對實際工程應用具有指導意義。聲波ct是一種新的無損檢測技術，它是利用聲波穿透被檢測體獲取聲波接收時間，來進行計算機反演成像的技術。With the help of this program, this paper does research on the moved backwards of the slide surface, lengthening the anchor section, the soil nail ' s total force, gets conclusion about relations between the soil nail ' s length and the slope ' s grade, height, soil ' s mechanical parameter ; relations between soil nail ' s total force and coulomb soil pressure. with the help of the large multiuse finite element program ansys, this paper analyzes the soil nailing in one - step ' s slopes, in two - steps " slopes, puts the emphasis on the axis force ' s distributing along the soil nail at each rows, the effect of both the excavating mode and the original slope figure to the axis force of the soil nail, the one another effect between the upper - step slope and the nether - step slope in the soil nail ' s axis force, gets conclusion about the design of soil nail at the first low, different slope body is the same with different excavating mode, the original slope figure has more effect to some than others because of the slope body, the reasonably design of the step width in two - steps slopes, the two - steps excavating and retaining has more virtue than the one - step ' s. through soil pressure analysis this paper does research on the differences and the links between the coulomb soil pressure theory and the rankin ' s, the vertical pressure at the slope surface when the slope surface is inclined and the retaining wall is rough, the soil pressure ' s distributing behind the panel, gets conclusion about the effect of both the slope body inner stability and the slope surface local stability to the soil pressure
通過分析比較，論證了對數螺旋線型比圓弧形作為邊坡的假設滑裂面具有較多的工程優點，並為此編制了一個採用極限平衡法分析土釘支護的fortran語言程序，以此作工具對滑裂面的后移、土釘錨固段的超長、土釘總力的大小等方面作了研究，得出了有關土釘的長度與邊坡的坡角、坡高、土體力學參數的關系、土釘總力與庫侖土壓力間的關系等結論；採用大型通用有限元數值分析程序ansys分別對採用土釘支護的一階邊坡、二階邊坡進行分析，重點是研究各排土釘的軸力分佈規律、開挖方式及原始邊坡形態對土釘的軸力的影響、上下階邊坡在土釘軸力方面的相互作用，得出了有關第一排土釘的設計問題、不同類型的土體應適用於特定的開挖方式、原始開挖出的邊坡形態對一些類型坡體的邊坡土釘支護有較大的影響而對另外一些影響不大、二階邊坡臺階寬度的合理確定、二階開挖及支護比一階時具有較多的工程優點等結論；通過土壓力分析對朗肯、庫侖兩種經典土壓力理論的區別與聯系、坡面傾斜及墻背有摩擦時的坡面豎向應力分佈、面板背土壓力的分佈形態作了研究，得出了邊坡支擋土壓力受坡體內部穩定與坡面局部穩定兩個方面的影響、土釘支護面板背土體中卸荷拱的存在對面板受力有利等結論。Multi - span plastic greenhouse structure design theory has been studied systemic which include design loads, design methods and system optimization designs aimed at the situations above - mentioned, meanwhile, theory analysis and designs have been completed for series east - china multi - span plastic greenhouses in accordance with the local climate characteristic. some elementary conclusions are summed up : ( 1 ) in the aspect of multi - span plastic greenhouse structural design loads researches, based on the contrast analysis of loads provided in foreign and chinese standards, analysis and discussion are mentioned about the definition loads, the estimation and load cases for multi - span plastic greenhouse structural design in details, some conclusions are summed up first : i, wind load : under the present conditions, it is unnecessary to
得到一些初步的結論： （ 1 ）在連棟塑料溫室結構設計荷載研究方面，從分析比較國外關于溫室建築及我國工業與民用建築設計荷載規范的角度出發，針對連棟塑料溫室結構設計中的荷載定義方法、計算取值、荷載組合等進行了較深入的探討和分析，首次得到以下結論： 、風荷載：在現有條件下，考慮風壓高度變化系數、陣風作用因子和風荷載體型系數，按中國建築結構荷載規范（ cbj9 ? 87 ）計算風荷載是可以的，不必進行重現期博士學位論文摘要修正。Main content of " hef ( high efficient firewall ) firewall realize mode study " have : ( 1 ) emulation experiment and ipv6 / tunnelbroker model set up through transproxy, explain transproxy method, improved structure of rfc3053 emphatically, act for technology about solution of efficiency, make their suitable for different need of isp of scale ; ( 2 ) on the basis of analysing ipsec agreement security question, to isakmpsa varying load attacks and improves in consulting, carry on form analyses, proved, design vpn high - efficient safe model based on ip / ipsec concept finally ; ( 3 ) on the basis of ids dynamic characteristic of system, for remedy firewall static deficiency of defence, design one method that the two combine, offer a good foundation for high - efficient online security system ; ( 4 ) through theory design and emulation experiment, the above - mentioned three part can make and imbed fire wall of the system for module, offer certain theoretical foundation to domestic fire wall design of product
《 hef （ highefficientfirewall ）防火墻實現模式研究》的主要內容有： （ 1 ）通過transproxy模擬實驗及ipv6 / tunnelbroker模型建立，著重闡述transproxy方法、改進的rfc3053的結構，以及代理技術中有關效率的解決方案，使之適用於不同規模的isp的需要； （ 2 ）在分析ipsec協議安全性問題基礎上，針對isakmpsa協商中的變換載荷攻擊做出改進，並進行形式化分析、論證，最終設計出基於ip / ipsec概念的vpn高效安全模型： （ 3 ）基於ids系統的動態特性，為彌補防火墻靜態防禦的不足，設計出兩者聯動的方法，探索了高效網路安全體系模式研究的新方向； （ 4 ） hef防火墻實現模式的理論研究及模擬實驗，所得三部分研究結論均可設計出module ，內嵌入防火墻系統中，為國內防火墻產品的設計提供了一定的理論基礎。The vertical force applied to the road surface by vehicle can be separated into two components : the static load and fluctuating component known as dynamic tire force. it is very important for vehicle - roads interactions study to deeply analyze the regular of the load
車輛對路面的載荷並非是定值載荷，而是不斷變化的動載，深入研究這種載荷的變化規律，在車輛-路面相互作用的研究中十分重要。This article guarded against explosions the heater to skid the block comprehensive support the structure to carry on the analysis ; found the question which this support structural design exists and has made the corresponding improvement design ; caused to synthesize the support the structure while to satisfy the intensity and rigidity reduced the whole weight ; tends to the optimized design in the material use ; through to synthesizes the support the finite element model to exert the different force of inertia ; obtains under the different load to synthesize the support stress variation rule, thus determine bearing capacity of comprehensive support
摘要本文對防爆加熱器撬塊綜合支架的結構進行了分析，找到該支架結構設計上存在的問題並作了相應的改進設計，使得綜合支架的結構在滿足強度和剛度的同時減輕了整體的重量，在材料的利用上趨于優化的設計；通過對綜合支架的有限元模型施加不同的慣性力，得出不同載荷下綜合支架應力變化規律，從而確定出綜合支架所能承受的最大慣性力。分享友人