觀測值平差 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [guāncèzhípíngchā]
觀測值平差
英文
ustment of observation-
And understanding and studying the spectral features and variation rules of geo - targets in the experimental area, raising that it is the basis of geo - targets information collection with imaging spectrometer data to understand spectral features and variation rules of geo - targets, realizing that in a great extent spectral - integrated - form - based classification method can remove the phenomenon of " different spectrum with same objects " resulted from reflection ratio curve translation because of the angle change among sensor, targets and observation direction, and the average and variance images can be introduced to solve the problem of two kinds of geo - target with similar spectral forms and much different values of whole reflection ratio. it is suggested that " red edge " range bands of vegetation, which has close relationship with vegetation cover and biomass, is the main characteristic bands and important basis for careful vegetation classification and quantitative retrieval, and pixel - based derivative spectral analysis is very useful for removing the effects of soil background values and quantitatively retrieving vegetation biomass and cover. the remote sense quantitative retrieval model is developed for main appraisable factors of desertification monitoring assessment with imaging spectrometer data and then the applicability of model is analyzed
研究結果如下：首先針對荒漠化地區的地物特徵，對高光譜數據不同波段的數據質量、波段組合進行了評價，提出了適用於荒漠化監測的基本波段選擇集；初步了解和掌握了研究地區的地物光譜特性及變異規律，進一步明確了掌握地物光譜特徵和變異規律是用成像光譜儀數據提取地物信息的基礎；發現了基於光譜整體形狀的分類方法在很大程度上能夠消除由於傳感器、地物目標觀測方向之間的角度變化引起的反射率曲線整體平移的「同物異譜」現象，對于譜形相似而整體反射率的值相差較大的兩類地物，通過引入均值和方差圖像參與分類得到解決；研究還表明在植被「紅邊」范圍內的波段是進行荒漠化監測的主要特徵波段，這些波段與植被生物量和蓋度都有密切的關系，是開展精細植被分類研究和植被定量反演的重要基礎；像元的導數光譜分析可以消除土壤背景的影響，是進行植被生物量和蓋度定量反演的有力工具；建立了荒漠化監測主要評價因子的定量反演模型，並分析了模型的適用性。Using ansys as analysis tool, and the influence of river water fluctuating on geoelectric observation data in different distance from riverway to geoelectric monitoring observe station is numerically simulated, and the relationship between error of observation data and distance from riverway to the stations is summarized
摘要利用ansys作為分析平臺數值模擬了觀測系統距河道不同距離情況下，由河水漲落引起的淺層局部電性非均勻性對地電觀測數據的影響，總結了觀測系統距河道遠近與觀測數據誤差大小的關系。We can use the mm5 model in definite time, definite area weather forecasting. we conclude that : : the moving route of this necw in its developing progress was direct - south along latitude, the cold air is rough, and just this made the rough vertical velocity ; the necw southern moving and conflicting with the west pacification sub - tropical high makes rough jet steam. the plenty south - west warm and wet air made by the jet stream gave the rainstorm demanded vapor ;. the rough vertical velocity by jet stream is a main reason in this rainstorm ; the mm5 model uses four - direction analysis data as its input, this avoids some errors occurred in observe and transfer, thus made the result more useful
綜合分析認為： （ 1 ） 、這次冷渦在其發生發展過程中，其移動路徑是沿經圈直線南壓，攜帶的冷空氣勢力較強，形成槽后較強的垂直運動； （ 2 ） 、西太平洋副熱帶高壓偏北位置與東北冷渦南壓形成的急流軸，把源源不斷的西南暖濕氣流輸送到遼西地區，也就是急流軸的左前方位置，為這次暴雨的產生提供了充足的水汽來源； （ 3 ） 、低空急流不但為暴雨輸送水汽，其造成的較強的垂直環流也是產生強降水的一個主要原因； （ 4 ） 、 mm5模式以四維同化資料作為初始場，最大限度地避免了觀測誤差可能造成的積分不穩定，提高了模擬結果的參考價值。A reasonable method to adjust observed coordinate value is put forward for total powerstation traverse in this paper. its validity and feasibility are proved by example
本文依據誤差理論，針對全站儀導線提出了一種合理的對其坐標觀測值進行平差的方法，並用算例驗證了該方法的正確性與可行性。The equations of the mean value functions and the covariance functions are established for dynamical systems whose inputs are fuzzy stochastic processes. an existence and uniqueness theorem of ito fuzzy stochastic differential equations is proved, some explicit representations of solutions and the equations of statistical characteristics are deduced for linear fuzzy stochastic differential equations, and numerical methods to nonlinear fuzzy stochastic differential equations are proposed, the conditions for stability and observability of fuzzy linear systems are derived. the kalman filter algorithms of linear fuzzy stochastic systems are brought forward
主要成果包括：提出了模糊隨機變量協方差和反向協方差的概念；研究了二階模糊隨機變量的均方收斂性，並在此基礎上得到了均方模糊隨機分析、平穩模糊隨機過程及其譜分解的若干定理；根據均方模糊隨機分析理論，得到了輸入為模糊隨機過程的線性系統的輸出輸入統計特徵關系方程；證明了ito型模糊隨機微分方程解的存在唯一性，並給出了ito型線性模糊隨機微分方程解的表達式，統計特徵方程以及非線性模糊隨機微分方程的數值解法；得到了模糊線性系統的穩定性和可觀性條件、線性模糊隨機系統統計特徵方程和線性模糊隨機系統的kalman濾波演算法；研究了當觀測值是模糊數據時，線性回歸模型的建立。Based on an analysis of the sources of errors in airborne gravity measurements, an error model is studied to constructed mathematically which can characterize the change of systematic errors, with which the network adjustment is carried out and the model parameters are determined simultaneously. and finally, the compensation of systematic errors is realized
航空重力測量測線網平差就是在分析、總結航空重力測量的主要誤差源基礎上，研究建立反映航空重力觀測系統誤差變化規律的誤差模型，根據交叉點不符值條件，平差求解各測線上重力觀測值系統誤差改正數，然後對各測線上所有重力觀測值進行改正（補償） 。Ustment of observation
觀測值平差We write the program which used for fighting errors in absolute positioning. we also write the program which used for linear combinating in absolute positioning. from analyzing for the measurement of outer, we can conclude that we can use m estimation to estimate parameter in gps absolute positioning. lt has application value. using it, we can obstain the stable positioning result and remove the outer. in this paper, we calculate the data which from the baseline space of the gps calibration space. we also draw some conclusion using broadcast ephemeredes and smoothing pseudoranges. the positionging precision is in 1 - 2 meter
編制了gps絕對定位中抗差估計程序和應用線性組合進行單點定位的程序。通過對粗差量級的分析，得出在gps觀測量存在粗差時， m估計是有其應用價值的，它使定位結果較為穩定，減弱和剔除了粗差的影響。應用線性組合程序對gps綜合檢定場數據基線網點進行計算，得出用廣播星歷和平滑后的偽距可以給出較好的結果，點位精度在1 ? 2米。Through having done field surveys in the campus of chongqing university, this paper tested classroom indoor and outdoor climate parameters in june, july and september of 2005, it used questionnaire to acquire subjects ’ thermal sense, draft sense and humidity sense in classroom each month, and programmed composition to compute predicted mean vote and compared pmv with the field testing results of mean thermal sensation vote. it is discovered that pmv is overvalued the college student ’ thermal sensation in chongqing. it finds that people in chongqing adapt to the typical summer hot and winter cold sweltering weather
對重慶地區高校教室的現場調查，測試了重慶大學2005年六月、七月和九月教室室內外熱環境參數，通過採用問卷主要掌握了受測對象教室里的冷熱感、氣流感和潮濕感，通過編製程序求得預測平均熱感覺評價pmv的值，比較pmv和問卷調查得到的平均熱感覺mtsv ，發現pmv預測值高估了重慶地區高校學生的熱感覺，這里的人群對重慶這種夏熱冬冷地區比較典型的悶熱氣候具有一定的熱適應性，對現場問卷調查的結果進行分析，得出了室內空氣溫度、氣流速度、相對濕度與人體主觀感覺之間的回歸曲線，發現重慶地區高校學生熱中性時的空氣溫度為25 . 5 ， fanger根據歐美人群調查得到的公式計算出的預測熱感覺為中性時的空氣溫度為25 . 0 ，兩者相差0 . 5 。Smooth order amplitude variance was expressed by using state equation, and measurement error and noise were expressed by adopting observed equation
狀態方程表示了階比幅值的平滑變化，觀測方程表示了測量誤差和噪聲。4, by making use of micro pore and permeability apparatus and optopn multifunction microscope etc. advanced reservoir testing equipments, the ability to show heterogeneity from micro to macro has been improved largely. k - level / k is more than 1. 4 in south region reservoir, that is to say, the permeability in section is worse comparing to that of level direction, which is caused mainly by mud layers : different stone facies results in different micro feature, and in the south region, fluvial sandstone has cementation, compaction, corrosion and exchanging diagenesis, which occurred in b stage of early period
4 、應用微孔滲儀和opton多功能顯微鏡等先進的儲層測試儀器設備，大大提高了從宏觀到微觀表徵儲層非均質的能力；南區儲層中k _ （水平） k _的比值一般大於1 . 4 ，即垂向上滲透率相對於水平滲透率差，這主要是砂巖中泥質紋層造成的；不同巖石相的微觀特徵不同，南區河道砂儲層主要有膠結、壓實、溶蝕和交代等成巖作用，成巖階段屬早成巖b期。Provide automatic test function of fiber diameter, directly observe fiber configuration on screen, and display the actual diameter of all fiber on - time. fast test speed, simple operation, and reduced personal error. automatically compute mean diameter, coefficient of variation and standard deviation of the tested fiber, the tested date can be printed out by excel
提供了纖維直徑自動測量功能，可直接在顯示器上觀察纖維形態，實時顯示每根纖維的實測直徑；測量速度快，操作簡便，減少了人為誤差；可自動計算已測纖維的直徑平均值、變異系統和標準差，測試數據可以excel報表形式列印輸出。Subjective testing indicates that the quality of cs - acelp is equivalent to that of the 32kbit / s adaptive differential pulse code modulation ( adpcm ) under error - free conditions and it outperforms g. 726 under error condition. in this paper, standard c is adopted in realization of the algorithm, presents program strategies and steps of algorithm of each module. the coder and decoder is tested by utterances with noise
用標準c語言模擬實現了該演算法，計算了mos分值，女聲： 4 . 180497 ，男聲： 4 . 199782 ，並在相同的測試語句中加入噪聲進行測試，含噪語句通過該編解碼器，輸出的合成語音用主、客觀評價標準評價，與原始不含噪語音效果差別不大，平均mos分值為：女聲4 . 1375 ，男聲4 . 1668 ，說明該演算法是優秀的編解碼演算法。As an exploratory study of undergraduates " technical creativity, the paper discusses the implication of the terms " creativity " and " technical creativity ", makes a probe into the influential factors to the development of creativity and technical creativity of people, and carries out an investigation to a large number of juniors from six universities of china with " technical creativity scale " and " creativity attitude survey ", in which the differences between majors, universities, genders and family backgrounds are treated as independent factors, to know undergraduates " learning motivation, interest and participation in scientific and technical activities, to understand their belief, outlook of value and attitude to creativity achievement, and to find out their capabilities for technical comprehension, mental folding, numerical creativity thinking and practical creativity thinking
本研究採用文獻法對創造力、技術創造力的含義和影響因素進行了研究，並採用「技術創造力測量量表」和「創造力態度量表」對國內六所大學的部分三年級大學生進行了問卷調查和測試。以了解大學生對科學知識的渴求程度與探究興趣、對技術活動的參與情況、對創造性成就的態度、信仰和價值觀；探討大學生技術操作和物理感受性方面的能力、空間表徵能力，發散思維能力和數理邏輯思維能力的水平及特徵。此外，本研究還對理工科與文科學生在技術創造力方面的專業差異和校間差異，大學生技術創造力的性別差異和家庭背景差異進行了研究。The experimental results show that the effect of ib is much larger than that of the noise on estimating ionospheic delay, and ib can cause ionospheric delay measurements to include systematic errors of the order of several meters. therefore, one must significantly take notice of ib and remove its negative effect, and should not casually consider ib as part of noise whenever gps data are used to fit ionospheric model or to directly calculate ionospheric delay. ( 3 ) stability of ib is studied with a refined method for separating it from ionospheric delay using multi - day gps phase - smoothed code data
算例表明，新方法通過採用平均去噪分離方法后處理相位丞于g陀的電官唇監剝及延遲改正工論與方法的研究平滑測碼數據，求出儀器偏差並對需要實時處理儀器偏差的觀測數據進行預報改止，直接利用觀測值確定電離層延遲量，待估參數少、能消除儀器偏差的大部分影響，具有較好的精度，可作為waas及其他gps網路系統確定電離層延遲的可行的參考方案。The calibration of flow model is acceptable with average rms of 0. 7m, residual mean of - 0. 045 m, average absolute mean error of 0. 1 m and normalized rms value of 2. 3 %. the contour map of the simulated heads, elaborated acceptable model calibration compared to observed heads map
模型結果中，均方差為0 . 7m ，平均誤差為- 0 . 045m ，平均絕對誤差為0 . 1m ，標準均方差為2 . 3 ，模擬地下水流場與實際觀測地下水流場基本一致，說明所建立的數值模型符合該地區的實際水文地質條件。Abstract : the paper gives a calculation method of nonlinear least square adjustment for different types of observation value, which reduces the dimensions of a big equation based on bfgs method
文摘:該文針對不同類型觀測值的非線性最小二乘平差，介紹一種將問題分離后再解算的基於變尺度法的解析方法。分享友人