觀測宇宙學 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [guāncèyǔzhòuxué]
觀測宇宙學 英文
observational cosmology
  • 觀 : 觀名詞1. （道教的廟宇） taoist temple2. （姓氏） a surname
  • 測 : 動詞1. （測量） survey; fathom; measure 2. （測度; 推測） conjecture; infer
  • 宇 : 名詞1. （房檐） eaves2. （房屋） house 3. （上下四方, 所有的空間; 世界） space; universe; world 4. （姓氏） a surname
  • 宙 : 名詞（指古往今來的時間） time （conceived as past, present and future）
  • 學 : Ⅰ動詞1 （學習） study; learn 2 （模仿） imitate; mimic Ⅱ名詞1 （學問） learning; knowledge 2 （學...
  • 觀測 : observe; observation; viewing
  • 宇宙 : [天文學] universe; cosmos
  1. Astronomers made observations of cepheid variable stars [ pictured above ] ? pulsating stars used to measure vast distances ? in the virgo and other clusters to establish the expansion rate and the universe ' s age

    天文學家用哈勃觀測到仙女星座和其它星群中的造父變星（如圖） ，以確定宇宙的膨脹速度和宇宙的年齡。
  2. Based on consider hereinbefore, this dissertation discusses several aspects on the problem of the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources as follows : ( 1 ) reviewed entirely the origin and evolvement of the concept " sustainable development ", stated and commented the study status in queue on " sustainable development " around national and international range, thorough discussed the science connotation about the concept " sustainable development " ; ( 2 ) looked back and commented across - the aboard some furthest basic concept and proposition related to groundwater resources, put forward self opinions on a few existent mistake points of view and chaos understandings ; ( 3 ) expatiated entirely on the content and meaning of the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, contrast with the traditional methods of groundwater resources calculation and evaluation, combined example to show the application of this theory ; ( 4 ) thorough analyzed the difficult and complexity to forecast the groundwater resources, fully stated the traditional methods of groundwater resources forecasting, pointed out the characteristic and applying condition of these forecasting method, introduced the main ideas and methods of wavelet analysis developed recently, and the matlab software be known as the fifths era computer language, and its accessory wavelet analysis toolbox, applied these methods and tools to analyze the groundwater dynamic curve, adopted the b - j method and morte - carlo method, combined with the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, discussed the new view on the forecast of groundwater resources ; ( 5 ) synthetically analyzed the characteristics and limitations of the present all kind of groundwater manage model, combined mathematical programming mathematical statistics random process and the theory of variation system of groundwater resources on the unite optimum attempter of surface water and groundwater, emphasized how to make the model more nicety, more simple, more practicality ; ( 6 ) analyzed the inside condition and outside condition to assure the sustainable and optimum exploi tation of groundwater resources, the inside conditions are the follows : correct resources idea, scientific methods of resources calculation and evaluation, credible forecast methods of resources, exercisable measures of resources management, the outside conditions are the follows : the development idea of high layer, the transform of manage system, the matched policy and rule of law, the adjusted of economy lever, the improve of cultural diathesis, the boosting up of water - saving consciousness and detail measures, the control of population rising, the prevention and cure of water pollute, the renew and rebuild of ecology ; ( 7 ) scan the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources from the high level of metagalaxy, earth system science, and philosophy ; lint out the more directions on groundwater resources

    基於以上考慮，論文主要從以下幾方面對地下水資源可持續開發問題進行了比較深入的探討：全面回顧了「可持續發展」概念的由來與演變，對國內外「可持續發展」的研究現狀進行了述評，並對「可持續發展」概念的科學內涵進行了深入探討；對涉及地下水資源的一些最基本的概念和命題進行了全面的回顧和評述，對目前仍然存在的一些錯誤觀點和混亂認識提出了自己的見解；全面闡述了地下水資源變值系統理論的內容和意義，並與傳統的地下水資源計算評價方法進行了對比分析，結合實例具體說明了方法的應用；深入分析了地下水資源預測預報工作的極端重要性和復雜性，對傳統的地下水資源動態預測方法進行了全面的評述，指出了各類預測預報方法的特點及適用條件，對最近二十多年剛發展起來的小波分析技術的主要思想和方法及其應用范圍，以及號稱第五代計算機語言的matlab軟體和附帶的小波分析工具箱進行了介紹，並應用於地下水動態過程線的分析，採用時間序列中的b ? j法，蒙特卡羅方法，與地下水資源變值系統理論相結合，探討了地下水動態資料分析和地下水資源預測預報的新思路；綜合分析了現今各類地下水管理模型的特點及缺陷，將數學規劃、數理統計、隨機過程等與地下水變值系統理論相結合進行地表水地下水或多水源的聯合優化調度，使模型更準確、更實用；對保證地下水資源可持續開發的內部條件和外部條件進行了分析，內部河海人學博卜學位論文前言、摘要、目錄條件主要是正確的資源觀，科學的資源計算與評價方法，可靠的資源預測預報技術，可操作的資源管理措施，外部條件主要是高層發展思路、管理體制的變革、配套的政策法規、經濟杠桿的調節、人文素質的提高、節水意識的增強及具體節水措施、人口增長的控制、水體污染的防治、生態的恢復和重建等;從宇宙科學、地球系統科學及哲學的高度審視地下水資源的可持續開發;指出了地下水資源可持續開發的進一步研究方向。
  3. For instance, radio astronomy allows observations of cosmic microwave radiation, thus offering a way of detecting the edge of the universe

    例如，電波天文學提供了宇宙微波輻射的觀察，而能夠探測宇宙之邊緣。
  4. Astronomers could gain only a biased idea of the universe when they were limited to the narrow wavelength band of visible rays.

    由於只能在可見光的狹窄波段內觀測，天文學家關于宇宙的概念顯然只能是片面的。
  5. If the small hot spots look as expected, that will be a triumph for yet another scientific idea, a refinement of the big bang called the inflationary universe theory

    如果那些小熱點和預測的看起來一樣，那將會證實另一個科學觀點，被稱為宇宙膨脹理論的精緻宇宙大爆炸理論。
  6. Introduction to astronomy provides a quantitative introduction to physics of the solar system, stars, interstellar medium, the galaxy, and universe, as determined from a variety of astronomical observations and models

    天文學導論這門課提供了對太陽系、恆星、星際介質、星系及宇宙等的物理入門。這些都建立在各種的天文觀測及模型的基礎下。
  7. The thesis gives the background acknowledges and the developing procedure of the cosmological theory, summarizes the viewpoints in the standard cosmological model and the confirmations from observing experiments. and the thesis sums the problems in the standard cosmological model and the inflation theory that can solve these problems. the thesis also discusses the origin of the universe and the theory of quantum cosmology

    =本文綜述了宇宙學的提出過程及其背景知識，概述了目前的主要的宇宙學模型? ?標準宇宙學模型的主要觀點和觀測證據，並總結了標準宇宙學模型中存在問題及為解決這些問題而提出的暴漲宇宙學理論。
  8. With the advancement of detector technology, astronomers now can exploit observations in different wavelengths to study astronomical objects. for example, the ultraviolet image of m81 in picture can be used to locate the very hot o type and b type stars in that galaxy

    隨著探測器技術的日益改進，天文學家已可利用不同波段來觀測宇宙，例如利用m81的紫外線照片圖b尋找星系內的熾熱o型和b型恆星。
  9. The ultimate goal of observational cosmology is to capture the entire history of the universe, providing a seamless picture of our descent from a shapeless gas of subatomic particles

    觀測宇宙學的終極目標，是建構宇宙的完整歷史，對于宇宙最早由次原子粒子所構成的無形氣體，提供清晰連貫的圖像。
  10. What makes modern cosmology an empirical science is that we are literally able to peer into the past

    我們窺看過去的能力，讓現代宇宙學成為以觀測為依據的科學。
  11. Detecting a magnetic field surrounding an earth - like exoplanet would prove a promising sign for finding extraterrestrial life

    此外，使射電望遠鏡遠離地球上用於通信的短波長無線電波的喧擾，可以讓天體物理學家們以前所未有的細致度觀測早期宇宙。
  12. Moreover by pointing the telescope away from the din of shorter - wavelength radio waves that are used for communication on earth, astrophysicists would be able to see the early universe in unprecedented detail

    此外，使射電望遠鏡遠離地球上用於通信的短波長無線電波的喧擾，可以讓天體物理學家們以前所未有的細致度觀測早期宇宙。
  13. Since its launch in 1990 the hubble space telescope has captured beautiful images of the universe, such as the birth of stars in stellar nurseries, while conducting rigorous science, such as the recent detection of planets orbiting stars near the centre of the milky way

    自1990年發射以來，哈勃太空望遠鏡不僅捕捉到了宇宙的美麗景象如在恆星溫床中產生的恆星，同時也建立了精密的科學理論如近期觀測到了在銀河中心附近沿行星軌道運行的恆星。
  14. Astronomers painstakingly scan galaxies in the universe for type ia supernovae. if such supernovae are luckily found, the peak luminosities can be measured and hence the distances of the host galaxies from the earth can be determined

    利用太空望遠鏡和其它先進的觀測儀器，天文學家努力地在宇宙空間中搜索出現ia型超新星的星系，只要量度這些超新星的最大亮度，便可更準確地推算出星系跟地球間的距離。
  15. Furthermore, if the expansion had been accelerating, two key aspects of the early universe ? the pattern of cmb variations and the abundances of light elements produced seconds after the big bang ? would not agree with current observations

    再者，若膨脹一直都在加速，那麼cmb的異向性變化，和在大霹靂之後數秒所生成的輕元素含量，這兩項早期宇宙的關鍵宇宙學預測，也會悖離現今的觀測。
  16. As late as the 1970s, cosmology, the study of the universe as a whole, was a field filled with much speculation but few hard facts

    在1970年代以前，宇宙學這個研究宇宙整體性質的領域，仍充斥著猜想而鮮有觀測事實。
  17. The latest results show the distribution of the - ray burst sources is isotropic but nonuniform and indicate the sourses locate at the cosmological distance. this paper introduces the observational properties and classification of grb, and discusses serveral popular models

    觀測結果表明，射線爆源空間分佈是各向同性但不均勻的，說明射線爆起源於宇宙學距離.本文介紹射線爆的觀測情況和分類，並討論了幾種當前比較流行的射線爆理論模型
  18. Abstract : the latest results show the distribution of the - ray burst sources is isotropic but nonuniform and indicate the sourses locate at the cosmological distance. this paper introduces the observational properties and classification of grb, and discusses serveral popular models

    文摘:觀測結果表明，射線爆源空間分佈是各向同性但不均勻的，說明射線爆起源於宇宙學距離.本文介紹射線爆的觀測情況和分類，並討論了幾種當前比較流行的射線爆理論模型
  19. Scannapieco, who also dabbles in cosmology, works under the auspices of the national science foundation at the arcetri astrophysical observatory in florence and the institute of astrophysics in paris

    史坎納皮科也涉獵宇宙學，他在美國國家科學基金會贊助下任職于義大利佛羅倫斯的雅賽?天體物理觀測站及法國巴黎的天體物理學研究所。
  20. He was awarded the shaw prize in astronomy 2004 for his having laid the foundations for almost all modern investigations in cosmology, both theoretical and observational, transforming a highly speculative field into a precision science

    現今宇宙學的理論與觀測基礎，差不多全部由他建立，本來純為理論推測的學科亦因此脫胎成一門精確科學。
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