評級代理機構 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [píngjídàilǐjīgòu]
評級代理機構 英文
rating agencies
  • 評 : Ⅰ動詞1. （評論; 批評） comment; criticize; review 2. （評判） judge; appraise Ⅱ名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 級 : Ⅰ名詞1 （等級） level; rank; grade 2 （年級） any of the yearly divisions of a school course; gra...
  • 代 : Ⅰ動詞1 （代替） take the place of; be in place of 2 （代理） act on behalf of; acting Ⅱ名詞1 （歷...
  • 理 : Ⅰ名詞1 （物質組織的條紋） texture; grain （in wood skin etc ） 2 （道理;事理） reason; logic; tru...
  • 機 : machineengine
  • 構 : Ⅰ動詞1 （構造; 組合） construct; form; compose 2 （結成） fabricate; make up 3 （建造; 架屋） bui...
  • 評級 : grade; rate
  • 機構 : 1 [機械工程] （機械的內部構造或一個單元） mechanism 2 （機關; 團體） organ; organization; institu...
  1. The worldwide corporate governance movement that the 90 ' s of 20 centuries appear, through 10 years " development, have entered for mature stage, the focus of corporate governance movement changes gradually from the establishment of the corporate governance principle to the practic, namely how an individual listed company establishes corporate governance strategy according to the corporate governance principle, increasing the level of corporate governance, and how the investors decide their investment based on corporate governance. at the end of 90 ' s, standard & poor ' s, clsa, deminor etc. starts to release their corporate governance rating service at the emerging market and the developed market

    20世紀90年代出現的全球范圍內的公司治理運動，經過10年的發展，已經進入成熟階段，公司治理運動的焦點逐漸由宏觀層面治理原則的制定轉向微觀實踐，即單個上市公司如何根據公司治理原則制定公司治理戰略，提高公司治理水平，以及投資者如何基於公司治理進行投資決策。相應地，作為公司治理量化指標的公司治理評級在90年代末開始逐步發展起來。 90年代末21世紀初，標準普爾、里昂信貸、戴米諾等評級機構開始在新興和發達市場推出公司治理評級服務。
  2. This follows the recent notification by fitch, inc. fitch, another credit rating agency recognised by the monetary authority for the purpose of profits tax concession scheme, and which acquired tbw in december 2000, that all tbw ratings have now been superseded by fitch ratings

    所通知有關所有湯臣百衛之信貸評級已被之信貸評級所取代而作出的決定。為另外一所就寬減利得稅計劃獲金融管理專員承認的信貸評級機構，並於年月收購湯臣百衛。
  3. The content of this paper is arranged as foll owing : chapter 1 introduces the concept of credit, credit risk and credit assessment, as well as the history and development of credit assessment ; chapter 2 introduces the history of ai technology, and the background of expert system and neural network. characters and disadvantages of expert system and neural network are presented respectively and the necessity of combining expert system and neural network is lightened ; chapter 3 shows the process of dealing with sample data, including the treatment of exceptional data and factor analysis, and puts forward the concrete framework of the mixed - expert credit assessment system ; chapter 4 introduces concept of object - oriented technology, and constructs object model and functional model after analyzing the whole system. it also illustrates the implementation of concrete classes by an example of rule class and the inference algorithm in the form of pseudocode ; chapter 5 introduces the structure of the whole system, the major functional models and their interfaces, and the characteristic of the system is also generalized ; chapter 6 summarizes the whole work, and points out the remaining deficiencies as well as the prospective of this method

    本文具體內容安排如下：第一章介紹了信用、信用風險、信用評價的概念，回顧了信用評價的歷史、發展和現狀，並綜合各種信用評價模型，指出這些模型各自的優缺點：第二章簡單描述了人工智慧技術，著重介紹有關專家系統與神經網路的基礎知識，通過總結它們的優缺點，指出結合專家系統與神經網路構造混合型專家系統的必要性；本章還介紹了神經網路子模塊的概念，提出了混合型專家系統的一般框架與設計步驟：第三章對樣本數據進行處理，包括異常數據的剔除、因子分析等，提出了信用評價混合型專家系統的具體框架結構，介紹了系統知識庫的主要部分、基於優先級的正向推理機制的流程、以及基於事實的自動解釋機制的具體實現方法；第四章介紹了面向對象技術，進而採用面向對象對信用評價系統進行分析，建立了對象模型和功能模型，並在此基礎上，採用c + +語言以規則類為例說明系統中具體類的實現，用偽代碼的形式描述了推理的演算法；第五章描述了整個系統的結構，對系統主要功能模塊和界面進行了介紹，並總結系統的特點；第六章總結了全文，指出本文所構造系統存在的不足以及對將來的展望。
  4. In the first place, the imperfect legal and other related system have greatly held back the development of the corporation bond development in china. for example, " corporation bond management regulation " issued in 1993 has much to be improved in levying tax on the interest income of corporation bond, credit rating and the supervise mechanism. in the second place, the management system of the corporation should be improved greatly. for instance, the agent holds the control right ; the reassign obstacle of the control right and the bad debt rate is too high. in the third place, the lower flowing flexibility of the enterprise bond is also a factor

    第一，本文認為相關的制度和配套法規不完善制約了我國企業債券市場的發展，如1993年頒布的《企業債券管理條例》 、對企業債券征利息所得稅、信用評級制度的缺陷、市場監管機制不完善；第二，公司法人治理結構不健全制約我國企業債券市場發展如，代理人掌握控制權、控制權轉讓存在障礙、企業自身資產負債率過高；第三，企業債券的低流通性制約了我國企業債券市場的發展；第四，缺乏機構投資者參與制約了我國企業債券市場的發展。
  5. This research starts from layered class moral education system to research on hidden moral education field, inquiring into power structures, social relationships, systematic norms, management environment, teaching processes, hidden moral education factors of evaluation for management and hidden influences to a student ' s morality in a class. i further advance the theory " culture management " and " ambiguity management " hi hidden moral education of a class and also clearly bring to light the view that the proper melting between rational management methods of manifest moral education and culture management methods and ambiguity management methods of hidden moral education is the developing tendency

    本論文的研究就從具有層次性的班級德育系統的整體著眼，從隱性德育場入手，探討班級組織權力結構、社會關系、制度規范、管理環境、教學過程、管理評價中存在的隱性德育因素及其對學生品德的隱性影響，提出對班級隱性德育實行「文化管理」和「模糊管理」的理論構想，明確闡述顯性德育的理性管理方式與隱性德育的文化管理方式、模糊管理方式之間的有機融合是現代班級德育管理的發展趨向的觀點。
  6. So the souece code of postgresql - a kind of free software dbms and its security capability are analyzed firstly, and then based on the carefully analyzing of tcsec & tdi ' s requirements and present mls dbms ' s architecture, technical scheme to retrofit postgresql to a b1 - level mls dbms is given, which including security subsystem and audit subsystem. then some revellent machanism and policy about security label and mac are discueesd

    本文分析可信任計算機系統評價準則和可信數據庫系統解釋的具體要求，對linux環境下的免費數據庫系統postgresql的源代碼和各種功能進行了初步分析，確定了基於postgresql的b1級安全數據庫系統的技術選擇及系統結構，提出了安全子系統、審計子系統的總體設計方案，並對設計方案中的安全標示和強制訪問控制的相關機制和處理策略進行了分析及論述。
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