認知沖突 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [rènzhīchōngtū]
認知沖突
英文
cognitive conflict-
( 2 ) seven factors is extracted from woc by exploratory analysis, named communication, injuring opponents, avoidance, reflection, competition, abreaction, and consolation
自編的大學生同學間人際沖突應對方式問卷可抽取7個因子，分別命名為溝通化解、傷害對方、迴避與冷處理、反思、爭執、排解壓抑、認知安慰。Art therapy practice is based on knowledge of human developmental and psychological theories which are implemented in the full spectrum of models of assessment and treatment including educational, psychodynamic, cognitive, transpersonal, and other therapeutic means of reconciling emotional conflicts, fostering self - awareness, developing social skills, managing behavior, solving problems, reducing anxiety, aiding reality orientation, and increasing self - esteem
藝術治療的應用基於人們對個體發展和心理理論的認識，通過教育、精神動力、認知等治療手段來緩解心理沖突，培養自我意識，提高社會技能，增進對行為的自我控制，減輕焦慮，幫助檢驗真實性，提高自尊心。In sentencing, the judge pointed out that even though the three defendants had not confessed, the weight of evidence from many witnesses and documents had convicted the first defendant, who had not avoided the obvious conflict - of - interest in his relationship with a shareholder of the company
法官在判刑時指出，縱使三名被告不認罪，但眾多證人的供詞以及大量的文件證物，好比如山鐵證，足以令第一被告罪名成立。第一被告明知自己與該公司股東的關系，卻沒有設法迴避當中明顯存在的利益沖突。When he missed kuragin in turkey, prince andrey did not feel it necessary to gallop back to russia in search of him. yet in spite of all his contempt for kuragin, in spite of all the arguments by which he sought to persuade himself that kuragin was not worth his stooping to quarrel with him, he knew that whatever length of time might elapse, when he did meet him, he would be unable to help challenging him as a starving man cannot help rushing upon food
安德烈公爵在土耳其未能找到庫拉金，他認為並無必要又回到俄國去跟蹤他但是他知道，無論他度過多麼長久的時間，只要他碰見庫拉金，就非向他挑戰不可，就像一個很饑餓的人必然會向食物撲將過去一樣，盡管他極端藐視他，盡管他給自己尋找出千百條理由，條條理由都使他覺得他不必降低身份同他發生沖突。" ( michel foucault, 1970 : 216 ) to answer this question, the archeology ( genealogy ) of knowledge was developed out, by which foucault took granted the tragic experience conflicts in western societal space since 18th century as the aftermath of ( institutionalized ) knowledge discursive practice : driven by " the will to truth ", a speaker or social action endeavors to analysis, define and cultivate human being " s life, however the result in what he has done is but rather to impose human beings of " a system of exclusion ", which was most famously illustrated in the work of madness and civilization, that all kinds of crazy ideal and performance, which had been existing and being cherished as the very authentic nature and feelings of human beings in societal space or art composing before 18th century, were categorized into irrational items ( insanity ), then, pu t into an alienated space gate - headed with so called " civilization ", which was founded on psychology, psychoanalysis and other modern knowledge ( michel foucault, 1973 )
他首先將西方十八世紀以來的經驗及其沖突理解為「知識話語」實踐的後果，言外之意，可以透過「知識化的話語」 ，來觀察西方教化/社會空間中的經驗沖突：在「求知意志」 （ thewilltoknowledge ）或「求真意志」 （ thewilltotruth ）的驅動下，話語者試圖認識、界定和改造人類的經驗，但實際上，這樣做的後果卻是將「排斥機制」 （ asystemofexclusion ）施與人類，即否定所有不符合「求真意志」及其話語構成規則的各種異類想象、感受、慾望與活動，使之統統以知識話語所描繪的狀態存在。在這一點上，最明顯的例證莫過于將各種「瘋狂」言行與體驗一併界定為「非理性」 ，然後對其實施「理性的控制與改造」 （ michelfoucault ， 1973 ） 。It tries to find out effective cross - cultural managerial skills through analyzing a variety of culture conflicts in a international hotel. the approach to this research is case study. detailed analysis of the culture conflicts in the case is carried out by applying contemporary cross - culture management theories and the conclusions of differences between chinese culture and western culture. in conclusion, this study gets to the following points : 1. western managers should learn to know some common phenomena when they think of cross - culture communication. 2. this research puts forward 3 kinds of feedback and ways to realize them to deal with the information distortion in the process of communication. 3. avoidance of perceptible mistakes. 4. considering the cultural influence on decisions and accommodating different leading and motivating measures to different persons. 5. choosing appropriate managing staff and launching effective cross - culture training to serve the purpose of cro ss - culture management. 6. localization.
本文選擇案例研究的方式，通過引入一個具體案例，運用中西方文化差異的廣泛共識性結論和當代跨文化管理理論，對案例中的文化沖突現象進行分析、探討，總結出跨國酒店在跨文化溝通中應認識中國文化背景下的一般性現象；通過運用溝通模型，進一步提出了減少溝通失真的三種反饋形式及實現方式；同時避免溝通中的知覺錯誤；在管理中注重文化對決策的影響，採取因人而異的領導方式和激勵方式。管理集團應注重選派合適的管理人員並開展有效的跨文化培訓，通過成功實現本地化來獲得跨文化管理的成功。Consideration should also be given to including provisions designed to make clear how the law or more particularly the regulatory authority will operate in the context of internet trading. ii. manager of investment funds
Tversky研究了人類行為與投資決策模型基本假設相沖突的三個方面：風險態度心理會計和過度自信，並將觀察到的現象稱為「認知偏差」 。To sum up, the article puts forth four ways to carry this out : a ) to respect the reality, admit the difference, keep an open mind ; b ) to pay more attention to the islamic culture in the moral education for hui college students ; c ) to establish systems or organizatins to settle moral conflict ; d ) strengthen the teachers " learning and cultivation of the history and the culture of the hui minority at the hui minority living area
為此，本文提出了實現回族傳統道德現代轉化的四種途徑:尊重現實、承認差異、開放心態;在回族大學生德育課程構建中注重民族文化內容;建立道德沖突解決機制;加強回族地方高校德育師資回族歷史文化知識學習和培養。Conflicts among top management team have contradictory effects on performance because there are both task and relationship conflict. while task ( or substantive ) conflict improves performance, relationship ( or affective ) conflict hurts performance. a top management team seeking to improve performance should try to maximize task conflict and minimize relationship conflict
沖突之所以對團隊表現產生兩種截然相反的影響，這是因為沖突分為兩種類型:情緒沖突（關系沖突）和任務沖突（認知沖突） ，任務沖突可以對團隊表現具有積極的促進作用，而情緒沖突則對團隊產生傷害。10 hypotheses on misperception and the causes of war : hypotheses from psychology ; militarism ; nationalism ; spirals and deterrence ; defects in academe and the press ; accidental war
7 10個關于錯誤認知及戰爭成因的假說:包含根據心理學、軍國主義、民族主義、沖突升高及威懾、學界及媒體之缺陷及意外戰爭等設立的假說。Two basic types of causes are : object - oriented conflict and person - oriented conflict. according to children ' s social - congitive levels, the author proposes three developmental levels of strategies : impulsive - physical strategy, unilateral - coercive strategy and bilateral - reciprocal strategy
根據幼兒的社會認知發展水平，將他們在沖突過程中使用的策略分為三種：沖動?動作型策略、單向?控制型策略、雙向?互惠型策略。Therefore, according to the consumer angle and guided by the target - consumer, it is naturally profound to research on the brand of interactive dissemination 。 based on the review of the theory on the process and characteristic of the brand of interactive dissemination 、 the element system of brand formation and the choose of media, this article attempts to establish one kind of effective interaction communication pattern to solve the problem in the brand and consumer ' s interaction dissemination
本文在分析品牌互動傳播的過程、特點、品牌形成的要素體系、媒介的選擇等品牌基礎理論的回顧的基礎上，試圖建立一種有效的互動溝通模式來解決品牌與消費者之間的互動傳播問題。即通過建立一種及時準確的信息傳達反饋渠道，迅速調整品牌傳播中與消費者沖突以及難以認知部分，做到品牌收益最大化。The collected data were then analyzed with anova, scheffe ' s method and so on
（ 3 ）菸害認知行為沖突僅發生於重度吸菸者之對菸害疾病嚴重性的認知及吸菸行為間。Organization behavior, on the other hand, abandoned taylor s mechanical management, and raised the understanding of personnel management to a new level by focusing on individual and group behavior, incentive and delegation, conflicts and negotiation, and so on
組織行為學摒棄了泰勒的機械式管理，對個人和群體的行為激勵以及組織內的授權沖突與談判等問題進行了深入研究，將人們對人力資源管理的認知提升到了新的層次。After the cold war, the authority, the scale, the scope of un peacekeeping operations expand rapidly, humanitarian intervention become the reason of un peacekeeping operations day by day, the three principles of un peacekeeping operations were increasingly broke through, un peacekeeping operations involve domestic conflict which has initiated the contradiction between peacekeeping operations and the national sovereignty, these questions strengthened the peacekeeping operations ' s own localization fuzziness and the influence versatility, in addition restricted by china ' s own level of development, which proposed the challenge in the practice and the cognition to china at the same time
冷戰后，聯合國維和行動的職權、規模、范圍迅速擴大，人道主義日益成為維和行動的理由，維持和平行動的三項原則不斷被突破，維和行動介入國內沖突引發了維和行動與國家主權的矛盾，這些問題增強了維和行動自身定位的模糊性和影響的多面性，再加上受自身發展水平的限制，這就同時在實踐和認知兩個領域對中國提出了挑戰。It is essential to note that patterns of crisis management are highly context - dependent and influenced by the perceptions of the decision - makers and the conflicting interactions between the parties concerned
需要指出的是，危機管理模式的選擇具有高度的環境依賴性，並受到危機管理者對具體危機性質的認知和對手之間沖突性相互作用的影響。These prinples include, ( l ) combination of protecting prior right and obeying clue process of law, ( 2 ) realizing the maximum of right effect, ( 3 ) taking active effect and leaving negative effect of rights, ( 4 ) further improvment of legislative, executive and judicial functions
保護在先權雖是各國普遍承認的解決知識產權權利沖突的一項原則，但其適用不是絕對的，而是相對的。A study on the development of children ' s response cognitive assessment and emotional
兒童對婚姻沖突的認知加工和情緒反應的發展研究分享友人