貨幣擴張 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [huòbìkuòzhāng]
貨幣擴張
英文
monetary expansion-
The monetary consequences would be expansionary
這樣做的結果將是貨幣擴張。Sustained low inflation has made it possible to adopt the needed expansionary monetary and fiscal policies
持續的低通脹，使得必要的擴張性貨幣與財政政策成為可能。America ' s international balance of payments deficit, one that reflected the united states and the world economic and financial dominant currency, the united states is the global economic rules formulation and regulators, and the second, the rest of the world reserve assets of u. s. dollars, the united states is concerned, mint is a huge income, three, as long as other countries are willing dollar reserve assets, to a great extent, the united states can vigorously deficit, as its financial bonds will be those who buy, which is to say, countries in the world for the united states to finance the budget deficit or to make money, and its four, the united states vigorously deficit or monetary expansion, inflationary consequences to a large extent by other countries in the world share the same commitment
美國的國際收支赤字，其一，反映了美國對世界經濟金融貨幣的主導，美國是全球經濟規則的制訂者和監管者，其二，世界其他各國儲備美元資產，對美國而言，就是巨大的鑄幣稅收入，其三，只要其他國家願意儲備美元資產，很大程度上，美國就可以大搞財政赤字，因為其財政債券必定有人購買，那就是說，世界各國為美國的財政赤字融資或掏錢，其四，美國大搞財政赤字或貨幣擴張，通脹的後果很大程度上由世界其他國家共同承擔。Secondly, the neutrality of expectable monetary shocks and unexpectable monetary shocks. thirdly, the shocks of negative and positive monetary supply on real output, that is, the symmetry of monetary nutrality. this dissertation demonstratively proved that above three kinds of monetary shocks all had obvious influences on real output during the sample period from 1993 to 2001, and the money supply does not possess the character of nutrality in stimulating chinese economic growth
本文的實證表明，無論是一般意義上的貨幣供給沖擊，還是其他非一般意義上的貨幣供給沖擊（預期到的和未預期到的貨幣沖擊，以及正向（擴張性）的和負向（緊縮性）的貨幣沖擊） ，在1993 2001年的樣本期內，均對實際經濟產出具有明顯的影響，說明貨幣在中國經濟增長中不具備中性的特徵。According to the rational expectations theory, expansionary monetary policy will : cause money wages to adjust upward to higher expected inflation almost immediately
根據理性預期理論，擴張性的貨幣政策差不多會立即使貨幣工資調升到與預期較高的通貨膨脹相適應的水平。The dilemma of credit inflation refers to the financial sector may face the collide caused by credit inflation between keeps the society liquidity adequately and surpluses the fit monetary capital demanded by entrepreneur innovation investment
所謂信用擴張難題，從表面上看是指金融體系所面臨的由信用擴張引起的保證流動性充足和為企業家創新投資提供必要貨幣資本的潛在沖突，但實質上卻是信用擴張為企業家創新投資提供貨幣資本是否適度問題。The paper points out the effective demand lacking result in the effective supply lacking. we should not discard the demand management policy in short term, but should improve the consumption environment. in long term we should try our best to increase effective supply, the increase in effective supply and the expanding of the produce possibility curve is essence of economy development
短期內需求管理政策不應偏廢，但應從改善消費環境入手，擴張的財政、貨幣政策在長期內不僅無效，而且會帶來不可預料的後果，不可持久；著力增加有效供給也應是中長期政策的著力點，有效供給的增加和生產可能性曲線的有效擴展才是經濟發展的實質所在。The reduction in risk associated with an easing of monetary policy and the resulting reduction in precautionary saving may amplify the short - run impact of policy operating through the traditional channel based on increased asset values
擬譯：因此，降低與貨幣政策擴張及由此產生的預防性儲蓄的減少相關的風險，會擴大通過傳統的、基於增加資產價值的渠道實施的政策的短期影響。Economists call it “ asymmetric effect of monetary policy ”. when we compared the effect of contractionary and expansionary monetary policy, we can found that when monetary policy was tight in 1993 and 1994, the economy slowed down quickly. yet when monetary policy was easy in 1998, the economy did not response accordingly
但如果定量的來對比兩種貨幣政策的實際效果，那麼緊縮性和擴張性貨幣政策對經濟活動卻具有不同程度的影響，具體表現為經濟衰退階段的擴張性貨幣政策對經濟的刺激作用小於經濟過熱階段緊縮性貨幣政策對經濟的減速作用，經濟學家將這種現象稱為「貨幣政策的非對稱效應」 。One instrument they have used has been sterilisation of the monetary consequences of reserve accumulations, to prevent the normal expansion of money and credit, overheating, inflation and so loss of external competitiveness
這些國家採用的手段就是「沖銷」外匯儲備累積對本國貨幣供應的影響，以防貨幣和信貸的正常擴張、經濟過熱、通脹以及外部競爭力喪失。As mckinnon ( 1973 ) pointed out, most of the developing countries are depressed far from the optimal monetization point, which highlights the importance of monetary reform in helping economy on the effective monetary expansion path
Mckinnon （ 1973 ）指出，大多數欠發達國家被壓制在遠離最優貨幣化點的地方，使經濟走上有效貨幣擴張路徑的貨幣改革非常必要。The analysis of this paper has produces following results : first, although monetary transmission theories have great difference from each other, these differences lie in the adjustment scope of the assets that they investigate ; second, the methods by which money affects economy are various, so it has a strong influence, however, the change in the amount of money will not only cause the change of the total demand, it will also lead to a change in total supply by corresponding expectancy, thus in a long term we ca n ' t rely on the expansion of money to expand the production ; third, third, with the deepening of the reform, the above monetary transmission mechanisms will play a more and more important role in china ' s economy, and the influence of currency to the economy will be more and more strong, but since the correlating micro - mechanisms is mot integral, we should be highly cautious when this change takes its place
本文的分析得出了以下的結論:第一，盡管各種貨幣傳導理論有很大的不同，但是這些不同可以歸結為它們所考察的資產調整范圍的不同;第二，貨幣作用於經濟的途徑是多種多樣的，因此它的影響力是非常之大的，但是貨幣量的變動不僅會引起總需求的變動，而且會通過預期引起總供給的變動，因而在長期內不可能依靠貨幣的擴張來擴張產量;第三，隨著改革的深入，上述貨幣傳導機制在中國經濟中的作用日益加強，貨幣對經濟的影響力也越來越大，因此從長期看，貨幣政策由信貸控制轉向貨幣量控制是一個必然的選擇，但是由於相應的微觀機制尚未健全，這一轉變應高度謹慎。As the junction of fiscal and monetarial policy, the nb has the double function ; regarding with the tax, as sort of fiscal revenue, and with the liquditlity, rate of interest, as sort of quasi - monetary
一方面為財政支出籌集資金，這就涉及了國債與稅收之間關系；另一方面國債做為一種「準貨幣」 ，這又就涉及到了流動性、利率以及對貨幣量擴張的影響。Deflation amp; amp; fiscal monetary expansion
通貨緊縮與財政貨幣擴張Chapter 1 explores price dynamics in monetary growth. after analyzing the dynamic change in monetary supply, it presents a simple model to consider the optimal monetary supply in less - developed countries
第一章分析貨幣增長中的價格動態，首先討論貨幣供給的動態變化，用一個簡單的模型來說明欠發達國家貨幣擴張中的最優貨幣供應問題。Members observed that under the currency board system low interest rates, resulting from inflow of funds, were the only monetary tool available for facilitating economic recovery, and that asset price increases were a legitimate channel through which monetary expansion could be transmitted to achieve economic recovery
委員會成員留意到在貨幣發行局制度下，資金流入使利率偏低，是促進經濟復甦的唯一一項貨幣工具，而資產價格上升是傳遞貨幣擴張的影響以達致經濟復甦的適當渠道。It analyzes the appearance and reasons of investment expansion, on the basis of which, it lucubrates the main conduction mechanism that investment causes inflation. the author thinks that investment expansion firstly forms strong demand effect, energy sources gap effect and money supply effect. these three effects then cause inflation through corresponding conduction mechanism
在對我國投資擴張的表現和原因進行簡要分析的基礎上，對投資擴張引起通貨膨脹的主要傳導機制進行深入研究，認為投資擴張首先形成了強需求效應、能源缺口效應和貨幣供給增加效應，而這些效應又通過相應的傳導機制引發了通貨膨脹。Through empirical analysis on three kinds of effects mentioned of investment expansion, using co - integration analysis, regression analysis, granger causality test, it proves that three effects do exist. according to further empirical test on the causality and long - term correlativity between investment and inflation, it shows that prominent causality and correlativity exist. investment has obvious effect on inflation and is the important reason of inflation
同時通過協整分析、回歸分析、格蘭傑因果關系分析等實證檢驗，對我國投資擴張的強需求效應、能源缺口效應和貨幣供給增加效應的存在性進行檢驗，發現上述三種效應確實存在;通過對投資擴張與通貨膨脹的因果關系和長期均衡關系的進一步實證檢驗，發現投資擴張與通貨膨脹之間具有顯著的因果關系和相關關系，投資擴張對通貨膨脹的作用程度比較明顯，是導致通貨膨脹的重要因素。Evidence from research shows that the effects of contractionary and expansionary monetary policy differ from each other significantly when coping with the overheated and recessionary economy, contractionary monetary policy slow the economy more than the expansionary monetary policy accelerate the economy
一、論文的主要內容及觀點在貨幣政策非中性的前提下，理論上緊縮性的貨幣政策具有抑制經濟過熱的作用，擴張性的貨幣政策具有刺激經濟增長的作用。All the expansionary monetary policies are introduced, intending to stimulate domestic demand and offset the negative affect of international economic recession for keeping a relative higher econo mic growth. however, the expansionary policies did not succeed as originally expected. neither investment nor consumer showed a clear rising trend
但是，擴張性的貨幣政策實施的效果並沒有達到預期的效果，無論是投資還是消費總體上都沒有出現明顯的回升，銀行出現了普遍的「惜貸」現象，除了政府為了拉動經濟增長進行積極的投資之外，民間投資和消費的增長速度很慢。分享友人