貸運機場 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [dàiyùnjīchǎng]
貸運機場
英文
cargo airfield-
The worldwide corporate governance movement that the 90 ' s of 20 centuries appear, through 10 years " development, have entered for mature stage, the focus of corporate governance movement changes gradually from the establishment of the corporate governance principle to the practic, namely how an individual listed company establishes corporate governance strategy according to the corporate governance principle, increasing the level of corporate governance, and how the investors decide their investment based on corporate governance. at the end of 90 ' s, standard & poor ' s, clsa, deminor etc. starts to release their corporate governance rating service at the emerging market and the developed market
20世紀90年代出現的全球范圍內的公司治理運動，經過10年的發展，已經進入成熟階段，公司治理運動的焦點逐漸由宏觀層面治理原則的制定轉向微觀實踐，即單個上市公司如何根據公司治理原則制定公司治理戰略，提高公司治理水平，以及投資者如何基於公司治理進行投資決策。相應地，作為公司治理量化指標的公司治理評級在90年代末開始逐步發展起來。 90年代末21世紀初，標準普爾、里昂信貸、戴米諾等評級機構開始在新興和發達市場推出公司治理評級服務。Secondly, actions between banks and enterprises in china ' s credit market and the motivation of banks " deregulation are deeply analyzed by the means of the game theory. thirdly, the thesis studies how systematic factors in china aggravate the information asymmetry in the credit market from the aspects of property right, financial supervision and information announcement. at last, suggestions on how to dissolve the bank credi t risk and prevent non - performing banking assets increasing are put forward in the aspects of improvement of information symmetry, establishment of incentive and constraint mechanism and elimination of systematic factors which aggravate the information asymmetry
首先，論文分析了我國信貸活動中的信息不對稱所產生的逆向選擇與道德風險對銀行資產質量的影響；其次，作者運用博弈論方法對我國信貸市場中銀行與企業的博弈行為以及銀行違規的動力進行了深入地分析；接著，論文又從產權、金融監管和信息披露這三個方面研究了我國的體制性因素如何加劇信貸市場的信息不對稱問題；最後，論文從提高信貸市場的信息對稱度、建立有效的激勵約束機制以及消除加劇信息不對稱的體制性因素這三個方面對化解我國銀行信貸風險、防範銀行不良資產的新增提出了建議。3. feasibility analysis of mbs the paper introduces and explains the theory of mbs and analysis the feasibility of mbs in china from many aspects, such as system, laws, financial environment, the situation of housing markets, macroeconomic effect, etc. the reform of land - using system provides mbs system pre - requisite ; the interrelated laws offer the law guarantee for mbs ; the issue of " security act " indicates that the security market of china is being normalized, and the developing prospect of finance in china brings mbs effective support ; the dilemma between the surplus and the shortage of commercial housing gives mbs an important turning point ; the macroeconomic effect of mbs is that it accelerates the economy, reduces the pressure of currency inflation, dissolves the operating risks of finance organs and makes the finance system operate steadily
三、我國住房抵押證券化的可行性分析本文從住房抵押貨款證券化（ mbs ）的理論分析入手，結合我國住房抵押貸款的發展狀況，分別從制度、法律保障、金融環境、住房市場現狀、宏觀經濟效應等幾方面論述了mbs在我國的可行性：土地使用制度改革為實施mbs提供了制度前提；配套法律制度為實施mbs提供了法律保障； 《證券法》的正式出臺，標志著我國證券市場走向規范，我國良好的金融業發展前景為mbs提供了有效的支持；現階段住房市場的有效供給與有效需求雙重約束的矛盾存在，為證券化實施提供了重要契機； mbs的宏觀經濟效應在於拉動國內需求，促進經濟增長，減輕通貨膨脹壓力，化解金融機構經營風險，保持金融體系穩定運行。This section begins with the analysis of the cash flow of the two most elementary products - mortgage pass through securities ( mpt ) and collateralized mortgage obligations ( cmo ), and describes the difference between the function mechanism and the ability of resisting risk. then, based on the above analysis, this article tries to invent an new cmo product which goes by the name of adjustable amortization mortgage ( aam ) and can effectively counteract the extension risk when interest rate goes up. at the same time, this article also indicate some problem which should pay special attention to in practical application and put forward some corresponding market promotion strategy
本章首先通過對兩種最基本的抵押證券? ?抵押貸款傳遞證券（ mpt ）和抵押擔保證券（ cmo ）現金流量變化的分析，研究其運行機制和防禦風險的功能差異，接著在以上分析的基礎上，文章嘗試提出了一種能夠有效化解利率上升環境中延期風險的新型證券品種? ?可調整分期付款額的抵押擔保證券（ adjustableamortizationmortgage ，簡稱為aam ）的設想，但同時也指出了這種抵押擔保證券在實際應用中應該特別注意之處，並提出了相應的市場推廣策略。At first, this thesis analyzed some essential elements about the system of personal houe loan and make the compare to chinese and foreign system, and established the system of personal credit evaluate ; the second, the thesis discusses the investment technique and strategy of national debt in the provident fund, and established the model about how to invest the national debt ; the third, the thesis build the forecast model about fund collecting and drawing, and make use of the combination invest theories to build model of individual loan and national debt ; at last, the thesis analyses the risk ' s inside reason of house funds with the risk type, and to give out the related suggestion to funds risk. mechanism. the thesis research show me how to make use of that some models and methods in the process of haf management and make me deeply understand the house funds
本文首先分析了個人住房貸款制度基本要素，即貸款期限、貸款利率與抵押物價值的比例、政府在個人住房貸款市場中的作用、貸款違約情況下的處置措施、個人住房貸款的流動性問題，並對中外製度作了比較，建立了個人信用評分評級體系和信用評估模型，並以重慶市住房公積金為研究對象做出了住房資金個貸風險評估的實證研究；其次，分析了影響國債價格走勢的因素，討論了公積金國債的投資技巧和策略，並建立了基於理論的國債投資組合模型；接下來，根據資產負債管理理論中的資金總庫法和資金分配法分析了公積金總體資金項目的來源和運用，並就此作了總量平衡模型，對住房公積金季度累計歸集金額作了直線回歸和季節趨勢比率預測，運用投資組合理論建立了公積金個人貸款和國債投資組合的最優化模型；最後，探析了住房資金風險的內在原因和風險類型，從資金籌集風險、信貸回歸風險、保險機制、法律風險和政策風險五個方面為住房資金風險防範機制建設提出了相關建議。It indicates and also analyzes the problems of housing demand, credit capital supply and exertion, management system, risk keeping away mechanism, price forming mechanism, mortgage mechanism, market environment, lag of rules and laws and disposing of mortgage goods, ( chapter 3 ) part 4, the study of market system and government system of personal purchase mortgage on the precondition of monetary housing distribution analyze the foundations of market and government during this process and the problem of market disorder and government defection
指出了目前我國個人購房抵押貸款運行中的住房需求、信貸資金供給和運用，經營管理體制、風險防範機制、價格形成機制、抵押機制、市場環境、法規滯后、以及抵押物的評估和處置上存在許多問題並對此進行了深入地分析與探討。 （第三章）第四，對住房分配製度轉變過程中個人購房抵押貸款的市場機制與政府機制研究。分析市場與政府在個人住房抵押貸款中的作用及其市場失靈、政府缺陷的問題。There are five viewpoints as follows : firstly, the successful practice of personal housing mortgage loan requires consummate housing mortgage loan market system and participation of housing mortgage loan insurance guarantee agencies supported by government. secondly, it needs related rules and laws for guarantee thirdly, it should make varies ways of paying back to adjust to different families who has different incomes, hobbies and age structure. fourthly, the government should put more emphasis on the low and medium income families for their housing purchase loan
即個人購房抵押貸款的成功運作需要有完善的住房抵押貸款市場體系和政府支持的購房抵押貸款保險擔保機構的參與；要有相關法規作保障；抵押貸款還貸方式的設定應靈活多樣，以適應不同收入、不同偏好、不同年齡家庭對抵押貸款的需求；政府應重點支持中低收入家庭購房貸款；個人購房抵押貸款不僅有賴于商業性金融機構的參與，而且也要有政府成立政策性住房金融的支持。The council passed a motion moved by hon ambrose lau urging the government to expeditiously review the operating mechanism of the local financial market, including the chain relationship between the stock, foreign exchange and index futures markets, and in particular to properly regulate stock lending and short selling of index futures, with a view to strengthening the government s responsiveness to unforeseeable speculative activities and financial crisis
立法會通過劉漢銓議員動議的議案，促請政府盡快檢討本港金融市場的運作機制，包括股票市場、外匯市場和期指市場的連鎖關系，尤其須妥善監管股票借貸活動及拋空期指的情況，以加強政府對突發性投機活動和金融危機的應變能力。As the result of the innovation to traditional irregular credit modes and general credit modes of formal financial institutions, microfinance possesses innovative nature in financial system, financial product and organizational system, etc. for a long time, rural financial market has developed slowly in our country, the contradiction between financial supply and demand is very outstanding, the governmental subsidized loans program for the poor has not been operated effectively, therefore it can not improve the rural financial situation once and for all
小額信貸作為對傳統的非正規信貸方式和正規金融機構通常的信貸方式進行創新的結果，其創新性表現在金融制度、金融產品和組織制度等方面。長期以來，我國農村金融市場發育遲緩，信貸資金供求矛盾突出，政府扶貧貼息貸款運行效率不高，難以從根本上改變農村金融狀況，迫切需要進行農村金融創新，以適應農村經濟進一步發展的要求。We do not expect that institutions will incur significant compliance costs or resource requirements in adopting the " default " approaches, that is the standardised approach to credit and market risk and the basic indicator approach to operational risk
我們設定了計算信貸及市場風險的標準方法，以及計算業務運作風險的基本指標方法，並且預計認可機構在落實這兩套方法時不會牽涉大的費用或資源配套。" american express bank has been very supportive of hkmc s initiatives to help develop the local secondary mortgage market. this transaction is especially remarkable as it marks the largest amount of mortgage loan sales ever made by authorized institutions in hong kong, and represents our long - term commitment in developing our mortgage business here, " said mr alan tsang, senior country executive for hong kong, american express bank
美國運通銀行香港區行政總裁曾慶?說:美國運通銀行一向十分支持香港按揭證券有限公司致力協助發展本地二手按揭市場，是次交易有重大意義，因為這是由本港認可金融機構作出目前最大額的按揭貸款銷售，象徵美國運通銀行發展香港按揭業務的長遠承諾。Tracil1g back the cvolution of tl1e cxchange ratc theory, thirdl3 ", der discussing the formation of knowledge, il1formation and expectatiol1, tl1c article emphasizes tl1e important role that ration pla } - s in tl1e volatility of exchange rate f at iast. tl1e autl1or allalyses the ichuential nrechanism of. olatile exchange rate in macro - ecollol11 } " al1d specifies the tralismission cl1annel in tcnns of inten1ationai trade al1d bank. flle third chapter discusses olle of the ttx ' o pril1ciple mecl1anisms of stabilizing exchal1ge rate - - - - capital control
首先，本章分析了外匯市場參與者行為，得出國際投機資本是導致匯率不穩定的主體的判斷；然後，本章以匯率不穩定為線索回顧了匯率決定理論的發展；接著，本章從知識、信息與預期形成的角度強調了理性在匯率不穩定中的重要性；最後，本章從國際貿易和銀行信貸兩個渠道分析了匯率不穩定對宏觀經濟運行的影響機制。Consequently, in order to improve the mechanisms of china ' s acm as well as to enhance its efficiency, it is essential that ( 1 ) to integrate china ' s acms separated in all of the country ; ( 2 ) to construct agricultural credit information system and to reform land market institutes ; and ( 3 ) to reconstruct china ' s agricultural credit system, especially, to reform the institutions of rcc and enlarge the scale of adbc ' s agricultural policy credit. the main innovation points in this thesis are as the following
因此，為了改善中國農業信貸市場的運行機制，提高中國農業信貸市場效率及其對中國農業產出的績效，必須積極培育和發展農業信貸市場，並通過地區間農業信貸市場的整合來推動各地農業信貸市場的均衡發展，建立統一協調的農業信貸市場；必須建立農戶信用信息體系，降低農業信貸交易成本；改革農村耕地使用權流轉機制，建立耕地使用權交易市場，適時發展農村土地金融制度；加快對農村信用社的改革，並擴大農業政策性信貸的范圍和規模。Fifth, with the participation of guarantee company, a lot of work that is undertaken by government should be transferred to social organization : guarantee company, university, bank. it can reduce the cost of student loan. “ centre ” can really exercise the macroscopical indirect management function of government ' s functional department, avoiding having the puzzled and trouble of administrative structure reform again
五、由於有擔保公司的參與，政府現在承擔的許多本該由社會機構來的工作均可交由擔保公司、學校、銀行進行市場化管理和運作來完成，可以降低學生貸款行政管理的成本； 「中心」可以真正行使政府職能部門的宏觀間接管理職能，避免再來一次機構改革的困惑和麻煩。Meanwhile, the application of electronic information technology to the financial field not only increases the influence on financial market and financial globalization, but also challenges the traditional bank ' s businesses, such as its credit card, electronic wallet, netbank etc. therefore, some financial intermediary business and creative work will take the place of traditional deposit, credit, remittance. and the time and regional limit will be less serious and the cost of net station will falldown. that will make the financial institutions easier to accept such retailing business as personal investments
同時，電子信息技術在金融領域的運用，不僅對金融市場和金融一體化的影響增強，而且還將對傳統的銀行業務提出挑戰，如信用卡、電子錢包、網上銀行等，一些金融中介業務、創新業務將會取代傳統的存、貸、匯業務，金融業務的時間和地理界限將不再明顯，網點費用下降，使各金融機構更容易接受個人小額投資等零售業務。5 in light of the market economy and enterprises management system, the transfer of the toll roads from utility tolling surplus for paying back the bank loans to enterprise tolling for making profits is the fundamental prerequisite to realize the pluralism of the investors and the varieties of channels to raise money, so that it is helpful to the hightway construction and to improve the ability of investing and financing management
5 、運用市場經濟、企業管理機制，將事業性收費還貸管理的收費公路改制為經營性收費公路，是實現公路投資主體多元化、籌資渠道多樣化基礎性條件，可進一步增強公路建設、投融資管理和融資能力。It includes five parts : the first one, introducing the investment and financing system of america and that of china, defining and describing it, explaining the financing methods in america which has a developed capital market and that in china which has a developing capital market ; the second part, introducing the venture capital from the point of innovation, analyzing venture capital and venture capital mechanism, analyzing venture capital and high - technology companies, getting the conclusion that the venture capital is needed by the system ; the third part, combining the investment and financing system and the venture capital, comparing the efficiency of different financing methods, indicating improving the agency organization for venture capital ; the forth part, pointing out that there has a big gap between deposits and loans as little companies are difficult to finance, showing the obstacle and limitation in our investment and financing system to develop venture capital, stressing the problems in the agency organization for venture capital ; the last part, pointing out the measures of reforming the investment and financing system to develop the venture capital in china which include macrocosmic and microcosmic methods, the former is government " s system innovation, the latter needs to reduce the venture by technical methods and to set up a healthy agency organization system for venture capital
全文共分為5個部分，第1部分介紹中美投融資體制的現狀，說明投融資體制的定義及其作用，從融資方式角度說明市場經濟發達的美國和正處于轉軌時期的中國這二者的投融資體制；第2部分從創新角度介紹風險投資這種創新投資方式的產生，分析風險投資與風險投資機制、風險投資與高科技企業，得出風險投資產生的制度必然性；第3部分將我國現行投融資體制與風險投資的發展有機的結合在一起，比較我國現行融資方式的效率，指出要發揮風險投資中介機構的作用；第4部分指出我國投融資體制中出現的銀行存貸差擴大和中小企業融資難問題，說明風險投資在中國現行投融資體制下的發展存在制度上的障礙與缺陷，重點提出我國風險投資中介機構中存在的問題；第5部分提出我國改革投融資體制發展風險投資應採取的一系列措施，包括宏觀和微觀兩個角度，宏觀角度指政府的制度創新職能和制度創新措施，微觀角度一方面要運用技術手段降低風險投資的經驗風險，另一方面要盡快建立健全的風險投資中介機構2內容提要一體系。The essay describes the present situation and existential problems of our capital market by retrospecting its developing career. further more, it brings forward the challenge that the monetary policy may meet with the development of our capital market, such as : its effect on the eventually and intervening object of the monetary policy and the efficency of the monetary policy. then the article discusses the effect mechanism of the monetary policy working on the capital market from the aspect of the scale of our capital market, fluxionation of asset price and credit capital entrancing to capital market, finally, the article also makes some useful measures and suggestions for the capital market and monetary policy : oiling the wheels of the capital market and monetary policy, improving the efficency and the conduction mechanism of the monetary policy, taking the asset price into the destination of the monetary policy, focusing on the bond investment demand for currency supply
本文通過對我國資本市場發展歷程的回顧，描述了我國資本市場的發展現狀和存在的問題，並指出了資本市場的發展對我國現行貨幣政策在三個方面的挑戰：對貨幣政策最終目標的影響、中介目標的影響、貨幣政策效力的影響；針對上述挑戰，從資本市場的發展規模、資產價格的變動、信貸資金入市等方面分析了資本市場對貨幣政策的影響機理，並從資本市場和貨幣政策兩個方面提出了相應的對策和建議：疏導貨幣市場與資本市場的聯系、提高資本市場運做效率，完善貨幣政策傳導機制、把資產價格納入貨幣政策監測目標，關注證券投資對貨幣供應量的需求。According to many actual problems, for instance, bad credit asset, the speculation of credit market etc, from the angle of asymmetric information, the thesis adapt the methods of information economics to the creation and cause of asymmetric information of credit market, the problems and deficiency of credit position and the relationship between asymmetric information and credit position. finally, draw a conclusion that the level of asymmetric information is the objective foundation of credit position and find a new way to decide credit position scientificly, reasonably and correctly. the thesis adapts asymmetric information to the analysis and comparison of problems of credit position
本文運用信息經濟學的分析方法，針對我國商業銀行普遍存在的資產質量不高、信貸市場投機性強，信貸介入選擇難以把握的現實問題，從信息不對稱的角度入手，深入分析了信貸市場中信息不對稱的產生及其原因，深刻闡述了信息不對稱對我國信貸市場的影響，以及當前我國商業銀行信貸定位中存在的問題與不足，最後得出了要以信息不對稱程度作為信貸定位的重要客觀依據的結論，從而為我國商業銀行如何科學、合理、準確進行信貸定位探索了一條新的途徑。This paper analysises the operating principle and system of house mortgage loan securities first, especially research its ris income and fixed model of price, in price fixed model, it is divided into two types : normal payment and prepayment model. based this foundation, put forward theory and practice meaning for securities, then on the light of present national situation, expound the basic conditions and existing hinders on creating deepen house mortgage loan securities market in our state. at the end, raise the operating plan to carry out securities and design the basic frame
本文首先對住房抵押貸款證券化的運行原理與機制進行了分析，尤其是側重於對其風險、收益以及證券的定價模式方面的研究，在債券定價模式中，分正常還款與提前還款情況進行討論，在此基礎上，提出了在我國創建住房抵押貸款證券市場的理論與實踐意義，並根據目前國內住房金融一級、二級市場現狀，闡述了我國創立和深化住房抵押貸款證券市場的基本條件與存在的障礙，最後結合國情，提出了我國推行住房抵押貸款證券化的操作方案，設計了基本框架。分享友人