起作用的約束 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [qǐzuòyòngdeyāoshù]
起作用的約束 英文
active constraint
  • 起 : 起Ⅰ動詞1 （站起; 坐起） rise; get up; stand up 2 （取出; 取走） draw out; remove; extract; pull 3...
  • 用 : Ⅰ動詞1 （使用） use; employ; apply 2 （多用於否定: 需要） need 3 （敬辭: 吃; 喝） eat; drink Ⅱ名...
  • 的 : 4次方是 The fourth power of 2 is direction
  • 約 : 約動詞[口語] （用秤稱） weigh
  • 束 : Ⅰ動詞1 （捆; 系） bind; tie 2 （控制; 約束）control; restrain Ⅱ量詞（用於捆在一起的東西） bundle;...
  • 起作用 : 1 （起影響） play a part （in） 2 （產生效果）take effect:很明顯 他的話在起作用了。his words were...
  • 約束 : keep within bounds; restrain; bind; bound; boundage;tie; restraint; restriction; engagement; repr...
  1. This article is composed by four parts. the foreword introduces simply the process of from establishment to development and contabescence of shanxi bank and the operating and running status. then bring forward the theme of this article that the organizational and managing system was the determinant factors of the prosperity and decline of shanxi bank and its experiences and lessons lend a helping hand to the enterprises of our time. the first part mainly tells of the organizational system and managing mode which drove the development and prosperity of shanxi bank, i t was consisted of the organizing system of the ownership departing from the power of management, and the capital frame of composing by the yin - share and manpower - share, and the human resources management system including high - level various and with elasticity distributing system and strict managing system, and the rigorous mamaging system and flexible running frame, and the enterprise culture of combining tigtly with the ru culture

    組織制度方面，主要通過對票號所有權與經營權相分離的組織制度的研究，總結其對票號發展所起到的重要作用；資本構成方面，主要對票號銀股、身股並重的資本構成，特別是票號實行的頂身股制度進行研究，總結其對員工所形成的有效激勵作用；用人體制方面，主要從激勵和約束兩個方面分別進行研究，一方面是票號分配體制的高水平、多樣化、富於彈性，對票號員工形成了有效的激勵作用，另一方面是嚴格的人員選拔、培養、任用以及監督、獎罰等管理制度，對票號員工形成了有效的約束作用；管理制度和經營體制方面，主要通過對票號各類號規進行分類研究，分別從管理制度和經營體制兩類內容來著手，總結票號管理制度的健全和經營體制的靈活對票號業務發展所起到的重要作用；企業文化理念方面，分別從員工教育和儒商融會兩方面進行研究，總結票號對員工道德教育的重視給票號帶來的良好企業風尚以及儒商融會理念使票號在經營方面更加成熟穩健、注重企業長遠利益。
  2. On the other hand, environment also has important influence over the students " growth. it provides growth base for the formation and development of students " thought, it creates inner requires, it has hi factious and edifying influence on students and has a strong binding force

    另一方面，環境對大學生的成長也產生很大影響，它為學生思想品德的形成和發展提供成長基地，創造內在需求，起感染和熏陶作用，並具有很強的約束力。
  3. In addition, active constrained layer damping ( acld ) has attracted scholar ' s interests because it has the advantages of passive control and active control. the mechanism of vibration control of acld and the models of how to deal with the viscid - electric material are introduced. the finite element model of acld with ghm model is established in this paper

    此外，主動層阻尼結構（ acld ）由於兼有被動控制和主動控制兩者之優點也引起了國內外學者的興趣，本文給出了主動層阻尼結構（約束層採用壓電材料）抑振的工作機理，介紹了處理粘彈性層（ vem ）的幾種模型，並採用ghm模型建立了主動層阻尼結構的有限元模型。
  4. This paper expounds the written form of b / l, the conditions for the arbitration clause of the charter party to be incorporated into the bills of lading under charter party, the binding force of the b / l arbitration clause thus incorporated for the third party b / l holders. it also probes into ways to determine the legal effects of the b / l arbitration clauses under certain special circumstances. based on the discussions, some legislative suggestions are put forward in the hope that they will be of some help for the maritime judicature and arbitral practice in china

    本文比較詳細地論述了班輪提單中的仲裁條款以及併入租船合同下簽發的提單中的仲裁條款的書面形式、提單併入條款的有效條件、對第三人的約束力，以及在倒簽、預借提單、偽造提單和無正本提單放貨等幾種特殊情況下提單仲裁條款的效力問題，對提單仲裁條款的法律適用問題進行了有益的探討，並在此基礎上提出了修改我國《仲裁法》的幾點立法建議，以期對我國海事司法及仲裁實踐起到一定的借鑒參考作用。
  5. It is emphasized that the way that higher authorities nominate enterprise leaders must be changed. for the prompting of enterprise leaders, the author introduces the meaning and operation of stock rights plan. for the restriction of enterprise leaders, canonical corporate governance, right bylaw and strict supervision system play an important role in the formation of restriction mechanism

    在企業領導人的選拔方面，強調必須改變企業領導人由上級組織部門任免的做法；在企業領導人的長期激勵方面，介紹了股票期權計劃及其具體操作；而在約束機制方面，規范的法人治理結構、健全的規章制度以及嚴格的監督體系都對約束機制的形成起著很大的作用。
  6. On the basis of primary analysis in economic theory of the reasons of shanxi merchants taking credit widely in business, the thesis using game theory which is a new method does some careful research. then it spreads out further to analyze the mechanism from idea and moral, the administrative measures and property right restrain. because of the excessive loan, especially the credit prombles of qing government " s, shanxi merchants declined rapidly. modem enterprises are a link in historic chains and their credit and development have the same causes and effects as shanxi merchants. the research into the success and failure of shanxi merchants has great practical significance and it can provide some beneficial enlightenments for the development of enterprises today

    本文在運用經濟學理論對晉商在經營中廣泛採用信用的原因進行初步分析的基礎上，運用博弈論這一較新方法對其進行了細致的研究，進而從理念道德、管理措施和產權約束三個方面對其生成機制展開了深入探討。由於後期放貸過大等原因，尤其是清政府信用中的一系列問題，對晉商的衰敗起了推波助瀾的作用。現代企業是焊接在陳陳相因的歷史鏈條下的一環，其信用與發展之間有著與晉商基本相同的因果關系。
  7. According to these analysis, we can give the taxation basic law a clear position during the system of taxation law : taxation basic law is the total laws to regulate the relations of taxation, legislated by the highest organ of state power, which is the constitutional laws during the taxation system, and whose position and strength is the highest, to control, restrain, refer and coordinate other taxation laws

    這樣我們可以對稅收基本法在法學及稅法學理論中，在稅法體系中有一個明確的定位：稅收基本法是由國家最高權力機關制定的，關于稅收基本問題的立法，是稅法體系中的「小憲法」或母法，在稅法領域有著最高的法律地位和法律效力，對各單行稅收法律法規起統領、約束、指導、協調的作用。
  8. The main work of this paper was as fellows : ( 1 ) generalized the development of pre - stressed steel structure in our nation and abroad, and pointed out the main problem in practice ; ( 2 ) presented the mechanism of pre - stressed steel structure and revealed its applicable range ; ( 3 ) established the optimization design model for pre - stressed steel structure, which accounts for constraints on stresses and displacements of structure ; ( 4 ) brought forward the optimization design method, which combined linear programming and the principle of full restriction, through which we can obtain the magnitude of each time pre - stress and the optimized sections of each members of structure ; ( 5 ) analyzed the best times of pre - stress and pointed out that 2 ~ 3 times is preferable ; ( 6 ) conducted optimization design on large - space steel roof, horizontal parallel steel truss with local cables, horizontal parallel steel truss with global cable, and ultra - static steel truss, the result of which indicated that the multiple pre - stress structure is very economic ; ( 7 ) compared different schemes of cable placement for horizontal parallel steel truss, and the results showed that the local cable only unloaded the second girders, but had no response on the first girders and stomach poles, while global cable could unload the second girders and the stomach poles outside of turning point of cable, thus proving that global cable is more economic than local - cable

    本文的主要工作是：對國內外預應力鋼結構的發展歷史及現狀作了綜述和總結，指出當前預應力鋼結構工程實踐中存在的主要問題；闡述了預應力鋼結構的受力機理，並指出預應力鋼結構的適用范圍和特點；在考慮結構應力和變位約束的條件下，建立預應力鋼結構優化設計模型；提出多次預應力鋼結構優化設計方法和步驟，採用線性規劃和滿約束準則相結合的優化方法，可優化設計出施加的每一級預應力的大小，並得到結構各部分的優化截面；對多次預應力最佳的施加次數作了分析，並建議以2 3次為宜；為驗證文中理論和方法，分別對大跨多次預應力鋼屋架、局部布索的水平平行弦鋼桁架、整體布索的水平平行弦鋼桁架和局部布索的超靜定鋼桁架等算例進行了優化設計，經濟效益明顯；對水平平行弦鋼桁架的幾種施加預應力的方案進行比較，對于局部布索，預應力只對下弦起到卸載作用，對上弦和腹桿基本不起作用；而整體布索預應力除對下弦卸載外，對索折點以外部分腹桿也起到卸載作用，經濟效益好於局部布索。
  9. Ryuk tells light that the notebook bonds both light and himself, but any mental pain will be turned to light alone

    他告訴夜這個本子對二人都會起約束作用，但是隨之而來的精神痛苦只會轉給夜一人承受。
  10. This article is divided into five parts totally, explaining the special relationship between palestine and jordan from the aspect of economy, military and population etc. in the fist part, origin of jordanian - palestinian relations is been discussed ; in the second part, i expatiate upon the development of the jordanian - palestinian relations from 1967 to the late of 1970s, and generalize that the character in this period is cooperation and conflict ; some important history events are expounded in the third part, such as the camp david agreement, the lebanon war, the reagan plan, the jordanian - plo agreement and the palestinian intifada. at the same time, the conclusion can be drawn that the relationship between the plo and the jordanian government was characterized by instability, mutual mistrust, caution and rivalry ; in the fourth part, after the end of the cold war, both jordan and plo adopted practical policies, and then the relationship of equal colleague has become the main trend ; in the last part, i summar ize the predominant factors which influence the relationship between jordan and palestine and give history outlook to the future jordanian - palestinian relations

    第一部分，重點闡述約巴特殊關系形成的歷史淵源；第二部分，採用對比的手法，通過對1967年70年代末約旦與巴解組織之間關系演變的歷史考察，深刻揭示出在這一時期約巴關系的特點是短暫合作和長久沖突；第三部分，通過對戴維營協議、黎巴嫩戰爭、里根方案、約巴協議聯合行動方案、巴勒斯坦大起義等重大歷史事件分析，闡釋約巴關系親密接觸和悲歡離合的內在原因，推論出80年代的約巴關系具有不穩定、不信任、謹慎、競爭甚至反復等特點；第四部分，冷戰結束后，政治解決地區沖突已成為地區局勢發展中的一股主流，約巴雙方都採取了新的務實政策，平等友好關系是約巴關系發展的主流；第五部分，這是全文的落腳點，總結制約和影響約巴關系主導因素，並且展望未來。
  11. For comparing the intensity of 9 institutional factors, i use gradual return methord, put these institutional factor variables into the same equation, and have drawn the following conclusion : formally restricted legal institutional arrangement is most intensity among three variables, secondly it is the institutional arrangement of enterprises operation expenses. finally, on the basis of analyzing factor influence degree of the institution, i have put forward the policy recommendations on the location choice to the fdi of our country to the

    為了比較這9種制度安排對中國對外直接投資區位選擇的影響程度強弱，我們還運用了從一般到特殊的逐步回歸方法，把9個制度因素變量放入同一方程進行回歸，得出了如下結論:在三類變量中起作用最強的是正式約束的法律制度安排，其次是影響企業運行費用的制度安排，最後是經濟制度安排。
  12. According to the surveys and case studies, we have raised a factor model that leads to iad : the characteristics of internet, the social impediment and study pressure of the addicted students are all the superficial factors that lead to iad. the essential factors are those psychological factors such as inside restraints, inferiority complex, etc. and the essential factors influence the addicted students by the superficial factors. for the ways that lead to iad, we cannot differentiate what is primary from what is secondary

    根據個案研究並結合單獨訪談，我們提出了一個導致網路成癮的因素模型：網路特徵、成癮個體的交往障礙、學業及其它方面的壓力是導致成癮的表面因素，內在約束力弱、自卑等心理問題或個性特徵是導致成癮的內在或本質因素，內在或本質因素通過表面因素起作用；導致成癮的幾個途徑，並沒有主次之分，不同個體成癮的主要途徑存在差異。
  13. In some structures the cracks arrested in low stress areas served to relieve the restraint condition.

    在有些結構中停滯在低應力區的裂紋起著降低約束的作用。
  14. In chapter 2, through comparing with price constraint mechanism and fault punishment constraint mechanism, the thesis indicates that the price constraint does n ' t play a role in constraining the behavior of retailer " flexible order. on the contrary, making use of default penalty can form the win - win situation

    第二章通過比較價格約束機制和違約懲罰約束機制，指出，當分銷商靈活訂購時，價格約束通常不起作用，而利用違約金來約束分銷商的行為可以使供銷雙方同時達到最優，形成雙贏的局面。
  15. The defense lawyer relied on long - standing principles governing the conduct of prosecuting attorneys : as quasi - judicial officers of the court they are under a duty not to prejudice a party ' s case through overzealous prosecution or to detract from the impartiality of courtroom atmosphere

    辯護律師依靠長期作用的準則來約束原告律師的行來：作為法庭的準司法人員，他們有責任不能過分起訴來偏見性對待一方的案子或者破壞法庭的公正氣氛。
  16. So, the combination of steel and concrete can exert the two material ' s preponderance respective, at the same time, because the steel pipe stipulation core concrete function, that will make the steel pipe concrete load carrying capacity increase, used for the residence building, and can economize the material with increase the room usage area

    將二者結合起來組成組合結構能夠充分發揮兩種材料各自的優越性，同時，由於鋼管對核心混凝土的約束作用，將使鋼管混凝土柱的承載能力提高，用於住宅建築，能夠節約材料和增加房間使用面積。
  17. If a new constraint is incompatible with previous ones, then the whole system becomes inconsistent. therefore, it is very important to judge the consistency and redundancy of information, hi this chapter, we propose the linear and non - linear programming models to check the consistency and redundancy of information and give an approach to make system transform from inconsistency to consistency by abbreviating the incompatible constraints

    如果一個新的約束條件是冗餘的，那麼，它對改進決策結果起不到任何作用，如果一個新的約束條件與以前的信息不相容，那麼就會造成整個系統不一致，因此，判斷信息的一致性和冗餘性有非常重要的意義。
  18. Gaining several enlightenments from analyzing the similarities and differences between them. part 4 : the main measures to regulating corporate governance by financial means, including optimizing the ownership structure, capita ) structure, organization of encouraging and restraining to managers and so on. part 5 : the external condition on regulating corporate governance and improving the efficiency by financial means

    第四部分利用財務手段規范我國上市公司治理結構的主要對策，通過對我國上市公司的股權結構、資本結構、財務信息系統、經理人員的激勵與約束機制等對規范公司治理結構起重要作用的財務手段的規范研究與實證分析，找出存在的問題並提出改革措施。
  19. Currently most works on pc employ the sensitivities of the stability energy margin to the generator power injections, which exist some disadvantages and the cause of potential divergence in computation are analyzed. the amount of pre - assigned harmful contingencies in large power systems is a real chanllenge for pc. in this thesis, it is settled soundly through grouping these contingencies into some subsets according to each unstable mode ( um ) provided by eeac, and identifying the worst contingency among each subset by stability energy margin provided also by eeac

    預防控制研究大多基於控制參數相對于系統暫態穩定裕度的靈敏度系數，本文分析了此類方法存在的不足和可能迭代不收斂的原因；依據eeac的暫穩裕度量化指標和失穩模式概念，解決了起關鍵作用的暫穩約束的識別問題，克服了當前該領域中僅能研究小規模系統和或少量預想事故約束的局限。
  20. The development phase of modern finance system is very slow for example financial decision, finance control. so it had not taken effect on regulating the corporate governance and should be perfected to improve the efficiency of corporate governance. the author believes finance system is key to regulate corporate governance after carefully and deeply studying the relation between finance system and corporate governance and puts forward some effective measures to regulate corporate governance and improve the efficiency of chinese listed companies by financial means

    特別是我國現代財務體系的發展本身就比較晚，還很不健全，對公司治理起重要作用的股權結構、資本結構、經理人員的激勵與約束機制等因素，財務決策、財務控制與審計監督、財務信息的反映等職能沒有發揮應有的作用，嚴重影響了公司治理結構的規范和績效的提高，亟需對其進行優化、完善，來提高治理效率。
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