通常風險 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [tōngchángfēngxiǎn]
通常風險
英文
usual risks-
The third, it analyzes some question about feasibility analysis and provides some means to solve theses question. the fourth, it studies some important problem about real estate feasibility analyzing such as : the market segment and market position of real estate, consumer market and consumer buying action analyzing, the financial evaluation of real estate project, the analysis of risk of real estate project, the indefiniteness analyzing of real estate project. in the part of feasibility analyzing of s real estate project, it analyzes the feasibility of the s project from three aspects including marketing feasibility, engineering and technology feasibility, economical feasibility, then makes a conclusion of feasibility analyzing of s project, together with some suggestion to the problem of s project
第四，對房地產開發項目可行性分析中應重點關注的一些問題進行了較為深入的探討，具體包括：準確地進行房地產市場細分與定位：房地產市場細分的準則，房地產市場定位的任務，房地產市場定位的誤區與對策；認真研究消費者市場及消費者購買行為：影響消費者購買行為的因素，消費者購買決策過程分析，消費者購買行為分析，消費者分析通常應涉及的問題；科學地進行開發項目的財務評價：靜態評價及其優缺點，動態評價及其優缺點；加強開發項目的風險分析：房地產開發項目風險的特點類型，風險的總體狀況及變化趨勢，開發項目風險的防範策略；重視開發項目的不確定性分析：盈虧平衡分析，敏感性分析，概率分析。E. g. by a quite practice of attrition we were able to reduce our staff size and cut our annual expenses while not firing anyone and risking a decrease in employee morale
通過正常的人員自然損耗，我們得以減少員工人數並削減年度費用，同時也避免了因採取解聘行為而導致員工士氣降低的風險It is well known financial business usually has higher asset - liability ratio. once it is lost, it will lead to financial risks
金融企業通常具有較高的資產負債率，一旦其資產經營出現巨大損失，就可能產生很大的金融風險。The financial industry mainly involves the circulation of money and the credit activity, and it is the monetary fund collection and distribution center, in addition, our country ' s market economy is not developed and the correlation legal system is not perfect, therefore, the financial profession not only receive normal financial risk, but also is extremely easy to receive the illegal criminal offender ' s violation
金融業主要涉及貨幣流通和信用活動，是貨幣資金的集散地，再加上，我國的市場經濟不發達，相關的法律制度不健全，因此，金融行業除了正常的金融風險外，還極易受到不法犯罪分子的侵害。The content of this paper is arranged as foll owing : chapter 1 introduces the concept of credit, credit risk and credit assessment, as well as the history and development of credit assessment ; chapter 2 introduces the history of ai technology, and the background of expert system and neural network. characters and disadvantages of expert system and neural network are presented respectively and the necessity of combining expert system and neural network is lightened ; chapter 3 shows the process of dealing with sample data, including the treatment of exceptional data and factor analysis, and puts forward the concrete framework of the mixed - expert credit assessment system ; chapter 4 introduces concept of object - oriented technology, and constructs object model and functional model after analyzing the whole system. it also illustrates the implementation of concrete classes by an example of rule class and the inference algorithm in the form of pseudocode ; chapter 5 introduces the structure of the whole system, the major functional models and their interfaces, and the characteristic of the system is also generalized ; chapter 6 summarizes the whole work, and points out the remaining deficiencies as well as the prospective of this method
本文具體內容安排如下：第一章介紹了信用、信用風險、信用評價的概念，回顧了信用評價的歷史、發展和現狀，並綜合各種信用評價模型，指出這些模型各自的優缺點：第二章簡單描述了人工智慧技術，著重介紹有關專家系統與神經網路的基礎知識，通過總結它們的優缺點，指出結合專家系統與神經網路構造混合型專家系統的必要性；本章還介紹了神經網路子模塊的概念，提出了混合型專家系統的一般框架與設計步驟：第三章對樣本數據進行處理，包括異常數據的剔除、因子分析等，提出了信用評價混合型專家系統的具體框架結構，介紹了系統知識庫的主要部分、基於優先級的正向推理機制的流程、以及基於事實的自動解釋機制的具體實現方法；第四章介紹了面向對象技術，進而採用面向對象對信用評價系統進行分析，建立了對象模型和功能模型，並在此基礎上，採用c + +語言以規則類為例說明系統中具體類的實現，用偽代碼的形式描述了推理的演算法；第五章描述了整個系統的結構，對系統主要功能模塊和界面進行了介紹，並總結系統的特點；第六章總結了全文，指出本文所構造系統存在的不足以及對將來的展望。The term ‘ perils of the seas ' refers only to fortuitous accident or casualties of the seas. it does not include the ordinary action of the wind and waves
第7條「海上危險」術語僅涉及海上意外事故或災難。它不包括風浪的通常作用。Weather derivatives are normally used to hedge against unexpected swings in climatic conditions
氣候衍生品通常被用於對沖由不曾預料到的氣候變化帶來的風險。In chapter two, the general model of the optimum investment, consumption and periodical insurance payable at death for life is discussed and its corresponding optimum control question is solved. the optimum strategy can be got through the corresponding hib ( hamilton - jacobi - bellman ) equation. as to the crra ( constant relative risk aversion ), a sort of utility function, indicatively, the optimum investment process, consumption process and the periodical insurance payable at death for life purchasing process can be gained with the feedback form
第二章討論最優消費、投資、定期人壽死亡保險的一般模型，解決了對應的最優控制問題，最優策略可通過求解hjb （ hamilton一jaeobi一bellman ）方程得到，當效用函數為crra （常數相對風險厭惡）類型時，顯式地得到具有反饋形式的最優投資過程、消費過程及定期人壽死亡保險購買過程。It contributes to the deeper comprehesion of these probability distributions, affords more detailed theoretical basis for further studying and simulating satellite mobile channels, ? theoretical analyses and discussions of the models which are often used in the study of the propagating characteristics of satallite mobile channels are given ; meantime, some discussions on the work of model simulations are also given, ? incorrect derivation of the equality between c. loo model and corazza model in some other papers is pointed out. via the conception of received power, we derivate that in the rural environments these two models really have the equal relationship by the way of theoretical derivation and simulatant fittings. therefore, it is able to use corazza model in studying the characteristics of satellite mobile channels in the rural environments and able to avoid the iterant work of modeling, in order to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of research work, ? detailed processes of simulating lutz model by using matlab6. 0 _ simulink4. 0 and the results of comparisions are given
本文包含有以下的主要內容： ?對衛星移動通信通道傳播特性研究中常用的三個概率分佈給出了詳細的推導過程；以便對這幾個在衛星移動通信通道傳播特性的研究中常用的概率分佈函數有更深的理解，對進一步研究衛星移動通信通道傳播特性和對通道的建模提供了更為詳盡的理論基礎； ?對衛星移動通信通道傳播特性的研究中常用的通道模型進行了理論上的分析和討論，並對衛星移動通信通道建模的研究工作提出了一定的看法； ?指出了以前的文獻中關于c . loo模型和corazza模型的等同性的證明錯誤；並從接收信號功率的角度出發，通過理論推導及模擬曲線擬合重新證明了在鄉村環境下，這兩個模型的確是具有等同性的；從而在對鄉村環境下的衛星移動通信通道傳播特性進行研究時，可以只採用corazza模型來對實際的通道進行建模，這樣可以避免重復的建模工作並提高研究工作的效率和準確性； ?給出了lutz模型在matlab6 . 0 _ simulink4 . 0環境下的軟體模擬實現的詳細過程和整體模擬測試的對比結果，保證了該模型在硬體實現時的可靠性和可行性，從而可以將它們應用於指導模型的硬體模擬實現並可以降低硬體實現時的風險。Recently, banks, led by j. p
提供貸款通常也帶來不償還貸款的風險。Offering credit always carries some risk that the loan will not be repaid
提供貸款通常也帶來不償還的風險。Case wherever hester stood, a small vacant area - a sort of magic circle - had formed itself about her, into which, though the people were elbowing one another at a little distance, none ventured, or felt
和通常一樣，凡是海絲特所站之處，周圍就會形成一小塊空地，似乎有一種魔圈圍著，圈外的人盡管在附近摩肩擦背地擠作一團，也沒人甘冒風險或樂于闖進那塊空地。Leveraged swap a swap that achieves a lower cost of funding than is normally available, but exposes the borrower to compounded risk if interest rates rise
杠桿率掉期能夠獲得比通常較低的籌資成本，但如果利率升高就會使借款人有復雜風險的互換。In any situation whatsoever and wheresoever occurring and whether existing or anticipated before commencement of or during the voyage, which in the judgment of the carrier or the master is likely to give rise to risk of capture, seizure, detention, damage, delay or disadvantage to or loss of the ship or any part of her cargo, or to make it unsafe, imprudent, or unlawful for any reason to commence or proceed on or continue the voyage or to enter or discharge the goods at the port of discharge, or to give rise to delay or difficulty in arriving, discharging at or leaving the port of discharge or the usual or agreed place of discharge in such port, the carrier may before loading or before the commencement of the voyage, require the shipper or other person entitled thereto to take delivery of the goods at port of shipment and upon failure to do so, may warehouse the goods at the risk and expense of the goods ； or the carrier or the master, whether or not proceeding toward or entering or attempting to enter the port of discharge or reaching or attempting to reach the usual place of discharge therein or attempting to discharge the goods there, may discharge the goods into depot, lazaretto, craft, or other place ; or the ship may proceed or return, directly or indirectly, to or stop at any port or place whatsoever as the master or the carrier may consider safe or advisable under the circumstances, and discharge the goods, or any part thereof, at any such port or place ; or the carrier or the master may retain the cargo on board until the return trip or until such time as the carrier or the master thinks advisable and discharge the goods at any place whatsoever as herein provided ； or the carrier or the master may discharge and forward the goods by any means, rail, water, land, or air at the risk and expense of the goods
四、不論任何地方任何情況，不論是在開航前或航程中存在或預料到的，只要承運人或船長認為可能有導致捕獲、扣押、沒收、損害、延誤或對船舶或其貨物不利或產生滅失，或致使起航或續航或進港或在卸貨港卸貨不安全、不適當、或非法，或致使延誤或難于抵達、卸載或離開卸貨港或該港通常或約定的卸貨地，承運人可在裝貨或開航前要求發貨人或與貨物權利有關的其他人在裝貨港口提回貨物，如要求不果，可倉儲貨物，風險和費用算在貨主頭上；承運人或船長，不論是續航至或進入或企圖進入卸貨港，或抵達或企圖抵達港口通常的卸貨地，或企圖在此卸貨，也可將貨物卸在倉庫、檢疫站、駁船，或其他地方；船舶也可續航或回航，直接或間接地，抵達或停留在船長或承運人在此情況認為安全或適當的任何港口或地點，全部或部分將貨物卸在此港口或地點；承運人或船長也可將貨物留在船上，直到回航或直到承運人或船長認為適當時將貨物卸到本合同所規定的任何地方；承運人或船長也可卸貨並將貨物用任何交通工具，經鐵路、水路、陸路、或空運轉運貨物，風險和費用算在貨主頭上。What are the common credit issues encountered in factoring
在一般保理中通常會遇到哪些風險？Risk - adjusted returns are attractive, and can be accessed by investors in a variety of ways
可調節風險回報非常具有吸引力，投資者可通過各種渠道獲得收益。It is not many scholars to clearly prove the opinion of shifting the burden of proof, on the contrary the contradictory scholars are more prominent, for example the vice professor of southwest politics and law university, chengang, wuyue who translates and introduces the burden of proof of germany, because them there are more and more people support the opposite opinion, while in the draft of " civil evidence code ", the traditional idea win, in this draft the legislator abides by the present justice and our country ' s native circumstance, they made an scientific choice, of course, the burden of proof will directly influence the party " s possibility of losing the lawsuit, while the regulation of shifting the burden of proof increases the plaintiff ' s opportunity to win a lawsuit. to explain what is the shifting of burden of proof, the paper use the civil law as the example to point out the " reverse " is not entirly relieve the plaintiff s obligation of producing evidence, but in certain extent and in certain range make the defendant bear the burden of producing those proofs from the reverse way, which are originally beard by the plaintiff. in the three proceeding law, shifting the burden of proof have some differences, but the interior spirits are coincident - for the values of social justice and the legal reason
論證舉證責任倒置的學者觀點明確並且論證十分充分的不多，相反卻是對此著書立說予以反駁的學者較為突出，如西南政法大學的副教授陳則博士，翻譯並介紹德國證明責任學說的吳越先生均是目前國內對舉證責任倒置持否定態度的代表人物，由於他們的推動使得國內持此說的人越來越多，但在《民事證據法（草案） 》的擬定過程中，並未采責任倒置的地位，這樣的立法選擇是建立在對我國法律實現的本土環境客觀認識的基礎上的科學選擇，誠然，舉證責任的分配直接影響到當事人在訴訟中的敗訴風險，而「倒置」規則的設計，則在此問題上增加了原告勝訴的籌碼，在理解何為舉證責任倒置時，本文著重以民事法為主線，指出這種「倒置」並非全部免除原告的證明責任，而是在一定范圍與一定程度上將通常應由原告負擔的舉證責任轉由被告從反方面承擔，舉證責任倒置在三大訴訟法中所體現的具體情形有所差異，但它們的內在精神是一致的?法律的理性與社會公平價值，在民事訴訟中舉證責任倒置的情形，一般總是將其局限於特殊侵權情形，而忽略了民事合同違約責任的訴訟中的原告也無須對被告應承擔違約責任的所有要件，對被告主觀上的過錯實行推定，若被告予以否定則應對其無過錯的證據舉證，在設置舉證責任倒置的規則時，從各國的立法經驗與法的內在價值要求可以總結出以下幾個原則:程序法與實體法結合原則，公平原則，訴訟經濟原則，保護弱者原則等，基於此完善舉證責任倒置的規則時首先應肯定舉證責任倒置的概念，其次立法應避免求大求全，再次要配合實體法的發展，最後還可以在司法領域嘗試判例的指導意義。Windwalk : you like feeling safe, althoughyou are willing to take a risk from time to time, usually when you feel is not a big one
疾風步：你喜歡安全的感覺，盡管你有時也想冒險，但那通常是在你覺得賭注不大的時候。According to the new report entitled treatment algorithms in rheumatoid arthritis, this limited penetration is due primarily to payer restrictions on reimbursement ; patients must often fail therapy on methotrexate before the high cost of biologics will be reimbursed by health care plans
根據這一名為類風濕性關節炎的治療方法的報告，生物制劑受到限制主要是因為支付人償付受限；通常病人必須在接受氨甲蝶呤治療失敗后，費用很高的生物制劑才被醫療保險計劃償付。Example : investing in real estate can be a calculated risk that often favors careful research
投資房地產的風險是可以估算的，詳盡的研究通常很有效。分享友人