通行權契約 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [tōnghángquánqìyāo]
通行權契約
英文
wayleave lease-
1. no state shall enter into any treaty, alliance, or confederation ; grant letters of marque and reprisal ; coin money ; emit bills of credit ; make any thing but gold and silver coin a tender in payment of debts ; pass any bill of attainder, ex post facto law, or law impairing the obligation of contracts, or grant any title of nobility. 2
第十款任何一州都不得：締結任何條約，參加任何同盟或邦聯頒發捕獲敵船許可狀鑄造貨幣發行紙幣使用金銀幣以外的任何物品作為償還債務的貨幣通過任何公民權利剝奪法案追溯既往的法律或損害契約義務的法律或授予任何貴族爵位。Agreement are carried out in a timely manner, and in particular （ but not in derogation of the generality of the foregoing ）, that any meeting of the board and every general meeting of the company has the necessary quorum throughout and is conducted in accordance with the provisions of this agreement, and shall execute and do and procure all other third parties, if necessary, to execute and do all such further acts, deeds, assurances and things as may be reasonably required so that full effect may be given to the terms and conditions of this agreement
各股東應應其具有的與公司相關的所有表決權和其他控制權，以保證（就通過行使該等權利和權力可以保證而言）在本協議期限內任何時候，關于公司結構和組織的規定和本協議規定的公司事務的管理規則得到遵守並具有完全的效力，本協議項下要求股東採取的一切行動均已及時採取，告別是（但不得損害前述一般性原則）公司的任何董事會會議和每一次股東大會自始至終達到必需的法定人數，且根據本協議的規定召開，而且應簽署和執行，並在必要時保證所有其他第三方簽署和進行可能合理要求的一切進一步行動、契約、保證和事宜，以使本協議的條款和條件可以具有完全的效力。（ a ） each of the shareholders shall exercise all voting rights and other powers of control available to it in relation to the company so as to procure （ so far as it is able by the exercise of such rights and powers ） that at all times during the term of this agreement, the provisio concerning the structure and organisation of the company, and the regulation of its affairs set out in this agreement, are duly o erved and given full force and effect, and all actio reserved and given full force and effect, and all actio required of the shareholders under this agreement are carried out in a timely ma er, and in particular （ but not in derogation of the generality of the foregoing ）, that any meeting of the board and every general meeting of the company has the nece ary quorum throughout and is conducted in accordance with the provisio of this agreement, and shall execute and do and procure all other third parties, if nece ary, to execute and do all such further acts, deeds, a urances and things as may be reasonably required so that full effect may be given to the terms and conditio of this agreement
各股東應應其具有的與公司相關的所有表決權和其他控制權，以保證（就通過行使該等權利和權力可以保證而言）在本協議期限內任何時候，關于公司結構和組織的規定和本協議規定的公司事務的管理規則得到遵守並具有完全的效力，本協議項下要求股東採取的一切行動均已及時採取，告別是（但不得損害前述一般性原則）公司的任何董事會會議和每一次股東大會自始至終達到必需的法定人數，且根據本協議的規定召開，而且應簽署和執行，並在必要時保證所有其他第三方簽署和進行可能合理要求的一切進一步行動、契約、保證和事宜，以使本協議的條款和條件可以具有完全的效力。In chapter 9 we summarize the whole paper, and explain the shortages of this paper and problems to further study. main conclusions of this paper are as follows : the first, state - owned funds have always been predominant in venture capital sources in china, and this caused the " government - operated model " which leads to excessive government ' s interferes and distorted venture capital contracts ; the second, limited partnership contract is better than incorporated company contract, because the former has obvious advantages in not only encouragement and controls, but also in investors " profits. however, this paper insists, incorporated company contracts will still be very popular in the near future because limited partnership still be illegal in most provinces of china ; the third, venture capitalists " share of profits in compensation clause of fundraising contracts is influenced by investors " attitude towards difficulties and obstacles of future investment
本文研究的主要結論：第一，在我國風險資本來源中，政府風險資本一直居於主導地位，這造就了我國風險投資的「官辦官營」模式，使其契約機制從一開始就帶有「行政干預」的烙印；第二，有限合夥契約在約束機制、激勵機制、投資者收益三個方面都明顯優于公司制契約，因此是我國風險融資契約的發展方向，但由於有限合夥在我國受到法律限制，公司制契約在一定時期內仍是我國風險融資契約的主要形式；第三，融資契約報酬條款中的激勵系數受主體先驗概率影響，借鑒有限合夥契約，可對我國公司制融資契約進行改造與重構；第四，與債權契約、普通股契約相比，可轉換優先股契約可以有效緩解風險投資過程中的信息不對稱、降低代理成本，因此是我國風險投資契約的最優選擇。Because of non - systemic information, we should escape the moral risk by proper contract, they design many programs of the bank - firm restitution ; the role that the bank exercised on the firm is completed by debt constraint, and the bank influences the government construction of the firm by debt rights. the bank directly gives capital support to firms, and analyses the firms " ability of returning debt, and the bonding value, and make the load - decision
主要研究在信息不對稱情況下，如何通過完善契約來防範道德風險；銀企債務重組的設計；銀行對企業治理的作用的實現方案，即通過債權影響公司的治理結構，直接插手評價企業的經營狀況、投資決策、償債能力，以及分析企業的抵押價值並以之作為放貸決策的前提。The state asset management commission, acting as the pointed department of national capital administration, becomes the owner ' s representative. it entrusts the state share to capital performing organs through signing agreement, making the later the real owner of state - owned share, so as to optimizing ownership structure of the soe from the aspect of quality
國資委作為國有資產行政管理的專職機構，成為國有股的所有者代表，它通過簽訂契約將國有股授予自主經營、自負盈虧的中介經營機構，使後者真正成為國有股的「人格化」主體，從「質」上優化國有企業的股權結構。Secondly, a model is constructed on the basis of contract theory, beyond - property - right argument and competition theory. and in the perspectives of the model, analysis is conducted on how pe investment is used to motivate pe capitalist and the management of companies. at last, it is an empirical study of pe investment by a case
接著是對私人股權投資激勵問題的分析，主要應用了契約理論、超產權理論、競爭理論等理論，通過綜合幾個理論模型，在模型的基礎上對私人股權投資如何激勵私人股權投資家和投資對象管理層進行了分析。Along with academic accumulation and the influence of kantian philosophy, especially with the study of savigny, transfer was interprets to juristic act of real right ; at the same time the juristic act of jus in persona was interprets to motive. through those explanations the principle of abstraction was systematized and rationalized. but the author thinks that abstraction only is logical
德國法繼承了羅馬法上的這種發展趨勢，在長期的學術積累和康德哲學的影響下，特別是經過薩維尼的努力，給付被解釋成為一個物權契約，並通過將債的關系解釋為給付目的的目的? ?動機，實現了物權行為無因性的體系化和邏輯上的合理性說明。Accompanying with the transformation of the system circumstances and specialized investment, incomplete property contract will continue adjust enterprise ownership marginally ; achieve the transition from element parties participate in contract to governance parties. at the same time, the dissertation analysis governance parties " dimension and the decision efficiency of muti - individual union decide. this led to plural - character of corporate governance parties
企業的不完全產權契約隨著制度環境和專用性投資的變化，不斷的對企業所有權進行邊際調整，實現參與契約的要素主體向公司治理主體的轉變，同時，通過公司治理主體維度和多個體聯合決策有利於提高公司決策效率的分析，導出了公司治理主體的多元化特徵；並從有效監控成本和收益、制度性安排、社會文化傳統等角度對股東、職工、經營者和債權人等多元利益主體的行為進行了分析。The rights of the minority investors are defined by the financing contract signed between them and the stock publishers
中小投資者的權益是通過中小投資者與證券發行人之間簽訂的融資契約來界定的。It points out that mechanisms in limited partnership screens risk investor effectively and reduces the agent ' s cost, such as the pay for venture capitalist, limited life cycle of fund, venture capitalist bearing unlimited liability, etc. at investment stage of venture capital, through analysing the arrangement such as the choice of investment tool, staging of investment and estimating enterprises " value again based on enterprise ' s achievement, control distribution etc. first, choice of investment tool is the core of agreement, and determines the principal - agent relationship between venture capitalist and entrepreneur to a great extent
論文對風險投資機構的兩種主要的組織形式? ?公司制和有限合夥制進行了對比研究，深入分析了有限合夥制的主要制度安排，指出有限合夥制的報酬體系、風險投資家承擔無限責任、基金的有限生命周期等機制的設計，有效的篩選了風險投資家並降低了代理成本。風險投資投資階段，通過對投資中投資工具的選擇、分階段投資與基於業績的價值重估以及風險企業控制權的分配等制度安排的研究，指出：一、投資工具的選擇是風險投資契約的核心，在很大程度決定了風險投資家與創業家之間的委託代理關系。By drawing essence from limited partnership contract, we can reconstruct and improve incorporated company contract in china ; the fourth, when compared with debt contract or common stock contract, convertible preferred stock contract is the best choice for our investing stage contract, because it is better to alleviate asymmetric information and lower agency cost effectively in the process of venture capital investment. but it is very possible that common stock contract would still be used widely in a certain long time because convertible preferred stock contract suffers law restriction and many other limitations in china ; the fifth, staged investment, combinative investment and united investment are recommended strongly in this paper
但由於可轉換優先股契約在我國受到諸多限制，普通股契約在一定時期內仍將居於主導地位；第五，分段投資、組合投資、聯合投資（投資辛迪加）可較好地適應風險投資過程中的不確定性、有效降低投資風險，應積極借鑒；第六，人力資本不確定性的存在是可轉換優先股、分段投資在契約條款中頻頻出現的內在原因；第七，信譽機制在風險投資過程中具有自動履約功能；第八，促進投資主體與產權結構多元化、轉換政府職能、完善法律法規、培育經理市場、健全社會信用體系、充分發揮信譽的自動履約功能是保障我國風險投資契約順利履行的關鍵。Based on the analysis of some arguments on the conception of asset reorganization, i hold that asset reorganization is to improve operating efficiency and optimize the benefits and profits of the company through the optimum allocation of resources, the asset reorganization involving the adjustments of property rights, and the essence of asset reorganization is adjusting the company ' s boundary
在對現有的關于資產重組的定義進行比較分析的基礎上，本文提出：資產重組是伴隨著產權關系變化的資產重新組合行為，其目的是通過對企業資源的優化配置以提高經營效率、減少交易費用，實現企業價值的最大化；其本質是一種調整企業邊界、改變契約關系的交易行為。The article adopts the theoretical study, practical observation and empirical research together, by the means of statistical analysis, comparative analysis, structure analysis etc., to undertake the research on the financing structure problems of the listed companies in our country on the base of efficiency characteristic of economic resource allocation. the research divided into six chapters, and has got lots of useful achievements
文章主要採用理論研究、實踐考察與實證分析相結合的方法，通過統計分析、比較分析、結構分析等手段，抓住資本市場的資源配置效率特徵，結合產權理論、制度經濟學理論、信息經濟理論、契約理論等相關理論研究的成果，分六章對我國上市公司融資結構問題進行研究。In sum, the core viewpoint of stakeholder theory can be concluded that the firm is a nexus of relationship among stakeholders, whose responsibilities and obligations are formed through explicit contracts and implicit contracts. the residual rights of the firm are distributed symmetrically, separately and unbalancedly among asset owners and human recourse owners in order to create wealth for its stakeholders and the society
總而言之，利益相關者理論的核心思想可以歸結為：企業是其利益相關者相互關系的聯結，它通過各種顯性契約和隱性契約來規范其利益相關者的責任和義務，並將企業剩餘權在企業物質資本所有者和人力資本所有者之間進行非均衡地分散對稱分佈，進而為其利益相關者和社會有效地創造財富。A written agreement between the i uer of a bond and his / her bondholders, usually ecifying interest rate, maturity date, convertibility, and other terms. also called indenture
指一張明確記載債券持有人與發行公司雙方所擁有的權利和義務的法律文件。由發行人和債券所有人達成的，通常標明利率、到期日、可兌換性和其他項目的書面協議，也叫契約。A written agreement between the issuer of a bond and his / her bondholders, usually specifying interest rate, maturity date, convertibility, and other terms. also called indenture
指一張明確記載債券持有人與發行公司雙方所擁有的權利和義務的法律文件。由發行人和債券所有人達成的，通常標明利率、到期日、可兌換性和其他項目的書面協議，也叫契約。分享友人