進展較差國家 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [jìnzhǎnjiàochāguójiā]
進展較差國家 英文
less advanced countries
  • 進 : 進構詞成分。
  • 較 : Ⅰ動詞1 （比較） compare 2 [書面語] （計較） dispute Ⅱ副詞（比較） comparatively; relatively; fair...
  • 差 : 差Ⅰ名詞1 （不相同; 不相合） difference; dissimilarity 2 （差錯） mistake 3 [數學] （差數） differ...
  • 國 : Ⅰ名詞1 （國家） country; nation; state 2 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ形容詞1 （代表國家的） national; of ...
  • 進展 : evolve; march; make progress; make headway
  1. This dissertation also compares yueyang ' s curr ent industrial situation with that of developed countries ( the united states, japan and south korea ) while they are historically in the period of the same development level, so that demonstrate the weakness of yueyang ' s industrial structure

    本文同時也將岳陽市產業現狀與處于同一發展水平歷史時期的發達國家（美國、日本以及韓國）產業結構進行比較分析，指出岳陽市產業結構的相對差距所在。
  2. Specialist doris partan, who, on the basis of the results from a recent unicef study comparing educational inequality in the 24 nations of the oecd, lamented the state of american public schooling

    她基於不久前聯合國兒童基金會對經濟合作與發展組織oecd 24個國家教育質量不合格狀況進行比較后得出的結果，悲嘆美國公立學校教育質量的現狀之差。
  3. 2003 last week this page featured a column by esl specialist doris partan, who, on the basis of the results from a recent unicef study comparing educational inequality in the 24 nations of the oecd, lamented the state of american public schooling

    她基於不久前聯合國兒童基金會對經濟合作與發展組織oecd 24個國家教育質量不合格狀況進行比較后得出的結果，悲嘆美國公立學校教育質量的現狀之差。
  4. Tree ring is a kind of natural archives, on which the isotopic analysis is important to study global climate and environmental change. the authors mainly provide a comprehensive introduction to the fractionation models of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen isotope in plants, their research techniques and the extract methods from cellulose. that results show isotopic tracer can record the message of climatic variation and has become a powerful tool for paleoclimate reconstruction and for the modern environment changing research. especially studying on pages, the cellulose isotopic analyses of imbedded old tree ring have become the mainly quantitative means of environmental evolvement. in addition, china is a typical monsoon country, research in tree ring stable isotope seasonal variation can give us a lot of important information on that. up to now, the research techniques and works on tree ring in our country are still in its earlier stage, and remain many limitations. it needs further accumulate basic research materials, intensify regional contrast and intercross studies on relative subjects

    尤其是在過去全球變化pages研究中，埋藏古木纖維素中的碳氫氧同位素分析已成為環境演化研究的主要量化手段。另外，對于中國這樣典型的季風氣候國家，開展樹輪穩定同位素隨季節性變化的研究具有重要的意義。我國在樹輪研究方面起步較晚，研究方法和研究內容上也比較簡單，還存在不小差距，既要進一步積累基礎資料，又要做區域對比，加強與相關學科的交叉研究。
  5. Firstly, by an in - depth study on chinese commercial banking and their foreign counterparts, this paper points out the great differences of intermediate business innovation between chinese and western commercial banks regarding innovation products variety, scale, technology, etc. secondly, comparing the institution regarding intermediate business innovation and microeconomic - body behavior of chinese commercial banking with foreign ones within an analysis framework from the perspective of institutional economics and game theories, this paper shows that a number of reasons account for the emerging of intermediate business innovation, including external economic environments as well as internal factors within the financial system and technology, among which the institutional factors within the financial system being the most important. at the same time, by comparison with western developed countries " counterparts, the innovation of chinese banking institution lags far behind the development of banking business in main aspects of property rights, managerial system, compensation arrangement and organization system. thus, the backward innovation of banking institutions and twisting microeconomic - body behavior seriously strict intermediate business innovation

    本文首先通過對中外商業銀行進行較為深入的調查研究指出，與西方發達國家商業銀行相比，我國商業銀行中間業務創新無論是在業務創新品種、規模上還是在技術手段上，都存在著巨大差距；其次，運用制度學分析和博弈分析框架將中外商業銀行中間業務創新制度及微觀主體行為進行比較得出：商業銀行中間業務創新產生的原因有多種，如外部經濟環境因素、金融體系內部因素和技術因素等，其中最根本的是金融體系內部的制度性因素；與西方發達國家商業銀行制度相比，我國銀行制度創新遠遠落後于銀行業務的發展，主要表現在產權制度、經營制度、分配製度和組織制度等方面；銀行制度創新的滯后及其微觀主體行為的扭曲嚴重製約著中間業務創新，尤其是我國銀行產權關系不明晰，在國有獨資產權框架下政府? ?行長及上級行長? ?下級行長兩種委託代理行為帶來了嚴重的問題，導致了我國銀行中間業務創新動力不足。
  6. Rmb deposit and loan interest rate float block expands gradually, and progressively move towards marketization day by day. part iii : on the basis of using the experience and lessons of the change of interest rate in other countries for reference in course of the interest rate marketization, it is believed that there should be a course of raising up slightly in the interest rate in the early stage. but the market fluctuations it causes will not be too much ; according to actual operation result and a medium or long term of the reform, foreign currency interest rate has already drawn close to international interest rate competence progressively ; viewed from a short time, rmb loan interest rate total competence will tend towards dropping, some loan interest rate may rise ; the interest rate of the deposit will raise up unilaterally

    總體而言，發展中國家的存貸利差要高於發達國家；第二部分：在總結前幾年利率改革包括市場化改革的基礎上，認為，迄今為止，我國利率市場化改革的程度總體上還比較低：同業拆借利率、貨幣市場債券回購利率、現券交易利率、外幣貸款利率、大額外幣存款利率等已完全市場化或基本市場化，人民幣存貸款利率的浮動區間已逐漸擴大，並已漸進的方式日益走向市場化；第三部分：在借鑒境外利率市場化過程中利率變動的經驗教訓的基礎上，認為在我國利率市場化的初期，利率應該有一小幅上揚的過程，但是其造成的市場波動應該不會太大；從改革的實際運作結果和中長期來看，外幣利率已經逐步的向國際利率水平靠攏；從短期來看，人民幣貸款利率總水平將趨于下降，部分貸款利率有可能上升，存款利率將會單邊上揚。
  7. In the paper the market structure of china automobile industry is omni bearing studied, the scale economy, product differentiation, barrier for entering and withdrawing and concentration degree of production are deeply demonstrated. the characteristics and causes of the market structure are revealed. based on comparison with developed countries, the development trend of our country s automobile industrial market structure is defined

    接著，從規模經濟、產品差異化、進入與退出壁壘及生產集中度等角度出發，對中國汽車產業市場結構進行了全方位的研究，揭示了其特徵與成因;並在與發達國家比較的基礎上，明確了我國汽車產業市場結構發展趨勢。
  8. Although economic and population specialists and scholars both in abroad and at home have made extreme progress on research the question of rural labor since they studied it very long ago, as far as china is concerned, based on the following three aspects, firstly, the national condition of our country determined that the foreign theory such as lewis theory might instruct us but we ca n ' t use these theories without rectification ; secondly, in china, our research about this question prefer the qualitative analysis to the quantitative analysis ; thirdly, the research on the labor utilization and shift in this specific area, that is, in the mountainous rural area which covers 69 % of our mainland and occupies 56 % of population is absolutely scarce in present ? to make up for the three deficiencies, this paper selects the econometrics analysis, uses investigation data and by virtue of tsp software, establishes a model where shift labor is the dependent variable and the citilization ratio, industrial structure, the income gap between city and country, the rural infrastructure construction, the labor ' s aptitude and the population ' s natural growth ratio are the variableso through economic, statistical and econometrical test, the conclusion is attained : the income gap between city and country and the citilization ratio are the two most important fectors which affect the labor ' s utilization and shift in mountainous rural area -, the rural infrastructure construction and the labor ' s aptitude are the two relative important factors which affect the labor ' s utilization and shift in mountainous rural area while the rural industrial structure and the population ' s natural growth ratio are the two least important factors according to this, this paper puts forward several suggestions that the income gap between city and country, citilization ratio, rural education, rural industrial structure and agricultural mechanization should be carefully treated with on studying the question of labor utilization and shift in mountainous rural area. finally, this paper points to several suspending problems about this research in order to get the concern of specialist and scholars

    盡管國內外經濟和人口學方面的專家與學者很早就開始了對農村勞動力問題的研究並取得了極大的進展，但是，我國在研究農村勞動力問題時，基於三點：其一，我國國情決定了國外的理論例如劉易斯理論，雖然對研究我國的農村勞動力問題具有指導意義，但卻不能照搬這些理論；其二，從國內看，我國對該問題的研究重視定性分析而定量分析明顯不足；其三，缺乏對我國占國土面積69 、人口56的山區農村這一特殊區域內的勞動力開發利用及轉移的專門性研究。為了彌補這三個缺憾，論文採用經濟計量學的數量分析方法，利用實際調查資料，藉助tsp軟體，建立了以外出勞動力數量為被解釋變量，城市化率、農村產業結構、城鄉收入差距、農村社會基礎設施建設、農村勞動力素質以及人口自然增長率六個變量為解釋變量的模型，通過對該模型進行經濟學、統計學、經濟計量學三個方面的檢驗，得出如下結果：城鄉收入差距和城市化率是影響山區農村勞動力開發利用及轉移的最重要的兩個因素；農村社會基礎設施建設和農村勞動力素質是較為重要的兩個影響因素；而農村產業結構和人口自然增長率相對來說是較不顯著的影響因素。據此，本文提出了在研究山區農村勞動力開發利用及轉移問題時，應慎重對待城鄉收入差距、城市化水平、農村勞動力素質、農村產業結構、農業機械化五個問題。
  9. No matter in theory or in practice is it significant for china to succeed in adjusting and making imports and exports policy forest products in accordance with the market economy of china. with scientific policy theory, comparative economics theory, sustainable development theory, international trade theory and game theory for the theoretical foundation, this dissertation has analyzed and compared the development course of the imports and exports policy of forest products in the world. it has expounded the imports and exports current situation of the forest products in china and comparative advantages of products foreign trade of forest

    本文以政策科學理論、比較經濟學理論、可持續發展理論、國際貿易理論和博弈論為理論基礎，分析和比較研究了世界森林產品進出口政策的發展歷程；剖析了中國森林產品的進出口現狀及其森林產品進出口貿易的比較優勢；通過比較分析一些國家和地區的森林產品關稅政策措施的趨同性和差異性，指出了森林產品進出口政策中關稅的「多元化效應」 。
  10. Therefore, in order to narrow regional gap, boost minority regions development, china, whose market growth is in a premature stage, market mechanism is not perfect, and is in a transitional period of new and old system, must refer to developed countries " successful experiences according to the principle of scientific and reasonable, standard, fair and open, combination of unified system and inclined pol

    因此，對於市場發育程度比較低、市場機制不健全，尤其是處于新舊體制轉換時期的中國來說，為縮小地區間的差距，加快民族地區的發展，必須借鑒發達國家的成功經驗，按照科學合理、規范公正透明、統一體制與傾斜照顧相結合以及扶持與激勵相兼容的原則，進行詳細的制度設計，建立規范的對民族地區財政轉移支付制度的基本框架和保障措施，以保證宏觀經濟政策的有效性。
  11. It is reflected in the aspects of quantity and quality ; ( 3 ) the unsatisfactory benefit. the number of enterprises entering the epz in per square kilometer, the amount of investment, and the total value of import and export are not satisfactory ; ( 4 ) the high cost of operating and managing the enterprises inside the epz. on one hand, indirect purchase inside the nation increases cost ; on the other hand, the transportation under the supervision of customs increases the cost of logistics ; ( 5 ) the little technological content of the enterprises inside the epz

    發展速度緩慢，主要體現在總量和速度兩方面；項目引進難、規模偏小，主要體現在數量和質量兩方面；效益較差，每平方公里的進區企業數、引資額、進出口總額、出口總額都不理想，收益微薄；入區企業運行維護成本高，一方面國內間接采購增加費用，另一方面海關監管運輸增加物流成本；入甲文摘要旦旦旦旦旦旦旦旦旦旦旦旦旦旦旦旦區企業科技含量較低，五家企業中只有一家屬于高科技企業，另外四家都屬于傳統機加工企業;前後向聯系差，帶動效應弱。
  12. We can get the conclusion that the origin of the penalty of fine and the environment for its growth are quite different in china and those countries abroad. that ' s why the track of the penalty of fine in china cannot be the same as in other western countries ; the development of the penalty of fine should have its own characteristics in china

    第二章對古今中外的罰金刑制度進行了詳盡的比較，通過這些比較我們可以看出罰金刑在中外的起源及其後來成長的土壤都是有重大差別的，所以罰金刑在中國的發展軌跡決不可能同西方國家一樣，罰金刑在中國的發展應有其自身的特色。
  13. The water supplying industry is a naturally monopolizing one concerned people ' s life and state ' s future, running - water is an unrepeatable product and essential to people. covering over 20 years of reform and opening policy ' s carrying out, china ' s water supplying industry has made great progress. however there is still a long distance compared with people ' s needs and foreign advanced level, the water - supplying enterprises must carry out a further reform before a greater promotion occurs

    供水行業是一個關繫到國計民生的自然壟斷行業，自來水是人們生產生活必不可少的，不可替代的產品，我國自來水行業經過二十多年的改革開放，取得了巨大的發展，但與人民群眾的要求和外國先進水平相比仍存在較大的差距，行業與供水企業都必須進行深入的改革，才能取得進一步的發展，國家對行業提出了以構築競爭性市場為出發點，以規范管理為基礎，以提高行業效率和服務質量為目標的改革思路。
  14. The difference is that domestic mbo is the result of institutional transition, but the overseas mbo is the competitive choice, and in china the price difference in share transactions makes managers have the goal to acquire the profits. this article analyzes the game relationship of mbo in china, and proves that the root caucus of china mbo non - prohibiting for the different behalves between local government and national assets management department, and between the representatives of state stockholders and managers. this paper makes an empirical analysis of the mbo performance of 26 listed companies in china and proves that mbo are beneficial to improve company ’ s performance, and further we analyze the problems, which exist in china mbo, and gives some suggestions, we think that the rational action to mbo is to give proper guides, instead of prohibiting it simply

    本文應用委託代理理論、人力資本理論和產權理論等對中西mbo動因進行系統的比較分析，得出結論認為中外mbo具有相同的激勵動因，都是知識經濟時代智能資本獲取企業所有權的企業權力安排形式，不同的是國內mbo是制度轉型的結果，而國外mbo是競爭選擇的結果，同時由於我國mbo存在股權交易價差，管理層具有獲取價差的直接動機;本文運用博弈論的方法對我國mbo 「禁而不止」問題進行分析，分析結論認為國資監管部門與地方政府和國有股東代表與管理層之間的利益差異是導致當前我國mbo 「禁而不止」的根本原因;文章通過對我國26家上市公司mbo並購績效的實證分析，得出結論認為mbo有利於公司績效的改善，進而文章對當前我國mbo存在問題展開分析，並提出幾點建議，我們認為當前對我國mbo的理性做法是適當引導，而非簡單禁止。
  15. The fifth, the comparison research of tendering procedures the sixth, the comparison research of challenge procedures the seventh, the comparison research of special and differential treatment for developing country

    序包括的方面很多，該部分選取了要求審查的主體、審查范圍、 。審查方式及條件、暫停措施和賠償措施這六方面進行了比較。七、發展中國家的特殊和差別待遇。
  16. The west is very vast in territory and there are big differences in different regions, so we must make some focal points stand out in the development and not to carry on from the whole plane

    然而西部地區地域廣闊，各地差異很大，開發不可能整體平面展開。因此，根據法國經濟學家配魯的發展極理論，在推進相對落後地區經濟發展的過程中，應選取一些基礎條件比較好的地區作為發展極優先發展。
  17. Many foreign mathematicians have respectively devoted to researching the hamiltonian systems, boundary value problem and the oscillation, the asymptotic behavior, the stability of the dynamic equation on time scales, such as erbe l, bonnet m, peterson a, agarwal r, d sl o, kaymakcalan b, lakshmikantham v etc. in general, the research methods they used are just as the following : firstly, we compare the method of differential equation and with the corresponding difference equation, then unite them, finally, extend the results to other time scales

    近十年來，時間模上的動力學方程的研究得到了較快的發展，國外不乏有許多數學大家erbel ， bohnerm ， petersona ， agarwalr ， d slo ， kaymakcalanb ， lakshmikanthamv等都分別致力於時間模上哈密爾頓系統，時間模上動力學方程的邊值問題以及時間模上動力學方程的穩定性、振動性、漸近性等方面的研究。總的來看大家所採用的研究方法大致都是把微分方程與差分方程研究方法進行比較、統一，然後再推廣到其它時間模上。
  18. A lot of environmental problems arise because of the international trade, and different environmental regulations lead to the discrepancy on the comparative advantage. the environmental protection measures have become one of the important methods to restrict the market admittance of the developing countries

    貿易產生了環境問題；環境規則的不同將產生比較優勢的差異，進而影響產業競爭力、出現產業轉移；為保護環境而採取的貿易、環境措施，會成為發達國家限制其市場準入的手段，而不利於發展中國家的經濟發展。
  19. The second part is the third chapter, which studies the highway ' s construction scale. the conclusion can be drawn from summarizing several typical countries ' s highway construction that most developed countries reduce the difference between regions via highway construction in a big way. when the economy reaches a certain degree. this exemplifies the validity of our high - speed highway building in western regions. the elastic coefficient of mileage and gdp in our country is compared with that of germany. reasonable proportion of highway construction and its density is discussed from point of sustainable development

    通過總結幾個典型國家公路建設的共同規律，得出經濟發展到一定程度后，大多發達國家靠通過大規模的公路建設來縮小國內地區間的差異。這正說明我國目前加大西部公路投資力度，縮小東西部差距這一做法的正確性和有效性。運用類比法，對中德兩國公路里程和gdp的彈性系數進行分析比較，得出我國在相當的時間內彈性系數將保持在較高水平。
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