過利用土壤 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [guòlìyòngtǔrǎng]
過利用土壤 英文
ultisol
  • 過 : 過Ⅰ動詞[口語] （超越） go beyond the limit; undue; excessiveⅡ名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 用 : Ⅰ動詞1 （使用） use; employ; apply 2 （多用於否定: 需要） need 3 （敬辭: 吃; 喝） eat; drink Ⅱ名...
  • 壤 : 名詞1. （土壤） soil 2. （地） earth 3. （地區） area 4. （姓氏） a surname
  1. But this additional food is only obtained by a great additional amount of labour ; so that not only an agricultural has much less leisure than a pastoral population, but, with the imperfect tools and unskillful processes which are for a long time employed ( and which over the greater part of the earth have not even yet been abandoned ), agriculturists do not, unless in unusually advantageous circumstances of climate and soil, produce so great a surplus of food, beyond their necessary consumption, as to support any large class of labourers engaged in other departments of industry

    但是只有靠大量增加勞動，才能生產出更多的糧食，因此不僅農業人口比起遊牧人口來說空閑時間要少得多，而且由於長期使用不完善的工具和不熟練的技藝（在世界上很大一部分地區直到現在仍是這樣） ，除了在氣候和土壤特別有利的情況下，農民們生產不出超過自身消費量很多的余糧，因而供養不了大群從事其他產業的勞動者。
  2. With the development of human society, because of the lack of sustainable utilization consciousness, and the eager for quick success and instant benefit, the black earth suffered excessive cultivation and management, causing the reduction of its recycled ability, decrease in organic content, porosity ratio, fertility dropped and the properties of water retaining and water retention, which make the black soil harden and degenerate seriously

    但是隨著人類社會的發展，在缺乏保護和可持續利用意識、急功近利思想影響下，黑土遭到過度墾殖和掠奪式經營，人類對其活動范圍遠遠超過了其再生能力，導致有機質含量減少，肥力下降，孔隙比減小，保水持水能力降低，土壤板結，黑土嚴重退化。
  3. Taking the irrigation with reclaimed water of dawukou forest park in ningxia as an example, through the indoor test of one - dimensional dust columniation, the regular patten of pollutant shift in soil when irrigated with reclaimed water at different infiltration condition was studied

    摘要以寧夏回族自治區大武口市森林公園利用再生水灌溉為例，通過室內一維土柱試驗模擬土壤的入滲過程，研究了不同灌溉入滲條件下污染物在土壤中的運移規律，結果表明：土壤的吸附作用是影響該地區土壤污染物遷移的主要因素。
  4. The results are summarized below : 1 ) study on soil science indicates that soil granular structure is the focus adjuster for soil fertility and it affects the space, water - grasp, aeration and anti - erosion of soil. and the percentage of aggregate is one of the key index that decides the speed and extent of soil erosion, hardening and degeneration because the soil degeneration will first lead to the disappearance of crumb - structure. so it is very important that the physical course and character of soil in different land use pattern are realized

    現將主要結果摘要如下： l 、士壤學研究表明，團粒結構是土壤肥力的中心調節器，影響著土壤的空隙性、持水性、通透性和抗蝕性；任何土壤的退化首先將表現出團粒結構的消失；團聚體百分比是決定土壤侵蝕、板結等物理過程速度和幅度的關鍵指標之一，了解不同土地利用和土壤管理方式的物理過程和性質相當重要。
  5. The study was primarily conducted to investigate the effects of various irrigation managements on the yield, quality and wue of alfalfa and the sustainable utilization of soil - water in north china plain. five treatments were applied : 0mm, 30mm, 50mm, 75mm and 100mm irrigating at the beginning of the second growth cycle in 2001

    本研究通過兩年的灌溉實驗，根據對降水情況、土壤水分的蒸發量、蒸散量與苜蓿各生物學指標的分析，初步探討了在華北平原地區不同灌溉處理對于苜蓿產量、品質、水分利用率以及苜蓿地土壤水資源利用可持續性的關系。
  6. To adopt well irrigation and well drainage, develop and utilize ground water resources of irrigated area can not only effectively reduce the ground water level and prevent secondary alkalization of the soil, but also provide timely irrigation to crops through well and canal complementary

    摘要灌區灌溉採用井灌井排，開發利用地下水資源，不但能有效降低地下水位，防止土壤次生鹽堿化，還可以通過井渠互補，使農作物得到適時灌溉。
  7. Based on the results of experiments, the process of biomass accumulation and soil water consumption of alfalfa has been simulated with mathematical statistical method, so as to find the character of its accumulated biomass and the law of soil water utilization

    摘要通過種植試驗分析，用數理統計方法模擬了紫花苜蓿生物量累積過程及土壤水分消耗過程，揭示了紫花苜蓿的生物量累積特點及其土壤水分利用規律。
  8. The authors studied the characteristics of the soil catalase activity of winter wheat fields used different techniques of soil water utilization in hengshui experimental station

    摘要本文以河北衡水試驗場土壤水利用試驗為例，討論不同處理下土壤過氧化氫酶活性的時空變化規律。
  9. The results indicated : ( 1 ) during the jointing stage of winter wheat, the differences of catalase activity among different measures of soil water utilization are significant in shallow soil, in which the catalase activity of furrow planting with straw mulch is the highest and that of row - spacing - reduced and close planting is the lowest ; ( 2 ) the trends of catalase activity versus depth are almost the same for different treatments, looking like an inverse s ; ( 3 ) for furrow growing without mulch, the activity of soil catalase in the furrow is higher than that in the ridge ; ( 4 ) soil catalase activity reflects some effects from different techniques of soil water utilization and may be used as a indicator for micro - eco - environment in the fields

    初步分析得出： （ 1 ）冬小麥拔節期，採用不同土壤水利用技術的冬小麥田淺層土壤過氧化氫酶活性差異明顯，以溝播不蓋秸稈處理的過氧化氫酶活性最強，縮行密植處理的最弱； （ 2 ）土壤過氧化氫酶活性隨深度的變化趨勢大體一致，呈反s形； （ 3 ）溝播不蓋秸稈處理溝中土壤過氧化氫酶活性明顯高於壟上； （ 4 ）土壤過氧化氫酶對於田間微生態環境具有指示作用，在一定程度上反映了土壤水利用技術對微生態環境的影響。
  10. On the base of summarizing and evaluating chinese soil erosion models, this paper brings forward future developing directions that the soil erosion models should pay attention to : ( 1 ) paying attention to the theory researches of soil erosion models, consummating from erosion factors basis erosion prediction to erosion processes quantity and theory researches, studying each erosion factor and its interaction impact on erosion processes, and sediment dispersion, transportation and deposition action on complex slopeland, as well as different catchments scales ; ( 2 ) reinforcing the study of gravitation erosion and cave erosion mechanism, and big and middle scale catchments erosion models ; and ( 3 ) making the best of advanced rs and gis technology, providing plentiful datum for erosion models researches, making and for soil erosion models checkout

    在總結和評價中國土壤侵蝕模型的基礎上，提出了今後土壤侵蝕模型應該注重的發展方向： （ 1 ）注重土壤侵蝕模型的理論研究，將從以侵蝕因子為基礎的侵蝕預報向侵蝕過程的量化研究和理論完善，研究各侵蝕因子及其交互作用對侵蝕過程的影響，泥沙在復雜坡面以及不同流域尺度間的分散、輸移和沉積作用； （ 2 ）加強對重力侵蝕、洞穴侵蝕機制的研究，加強對大中流域侵蝕模型的研究； （ 3 ）充分利用先進的rs 、 gis技術，為侵蝕模型的研究提供大量的數據源，以利於對土壤侵蝕模型的檢驗。
  11. At last, there is a practical design of gshp - radiant system in a villa in chongqing. the compare of the gas - heater radiant floor system and the gshp radiant floor system indicates that the heating performance coefficient of the gshp is higher than the gas - heater to a large extent. in addition, this united system can use the closed circling water in the underground heat exchanger to remove the surplus heat load in transitional season

    通過燃氣熱水器制熱的輻射地板供暖與地源熱泵制熱的輻射地板供暖性能實驗的對比，可以看出地源熱泵的供熱性能系數高於燃氣熱水器，同時在長江中下游地區還可在過渡季節利用閉式循環水吸收土壤冷量對房間進行供冷，提高系統運行的經濟性。
  12. Aiming at this question, the paper put forward utilizing layer of soil to depurating rainwater project. the paper researches the rule of soil depurating rainwater and ascertain measure of cortroling contamination, on the basis of which the paper put forward rainwater depurated by soil to manual recharging groundwater project

    針對這一問題，本文提出就地利用土壤層收集凈化雨水的方案，研究了雨水在土壤層中的凈化規律，確定需要採取的污染控制措施，並在此基礎上以西安市某規劃小區為例，提出雨水通過土壤層凈化後人工補給地下水的實施方案。
  13. In light of current using situation and drawing on the experience of many scholars researched methods and viewpoints, this thesis made com land, fallow land, orchard, grass land as experimental field in black soil region jlau, which carried out experiment by applying different amounts of n and p fertilization in corn field. by means of collecting the samples of rainfall runoff, erosion silt and surface layer soil before and after rainfall for one year nature precipitation in field, we study the effect of surface runoff on n and p nutrient and fertility degeneration. the results showed : ( l ) there are lots of factors which affect soil erosion and losses of n and p, in which rainfall and rainfall intensity were more important, while rainfall intensity is the most important meteorological phenomena factor

    針對當前黑土利用現狀，本文借鑒眾多學者的研究方法和觀點，在吉林農大黑土區選擇利用方式不同的玉米地、休閑地、果園、草地，在玉米區進行了不同數量的施肥，通過野外試驗，採集一年自然降雨產流及泥沙樣品，同時採集降雨前後的耕層土壤樣品，研究了黑土區地表徑流對氮磷養分特徵及肥力退化的影響，結果表明：土壤侵蝕和氮磷的流失受諸多因素的影響，降雨量、降雨強度是重要因子，而降雨強度是影響農田地表徑流養分流失的最重要的氣象因子，特別是暴雨，暴雨徑流中氮磷濃度較平時高得多；隨作物生長，覆蓋度逐漸增加以及不同利用方式下表現的覆蓋度差異，氮磷流失都表現為顯著的差異。
  14. Soil hydraulic characteristic parameters can be estimated accurately using the pedo - transfer functions ( ptfs ) depending on soil fundamental parameters which are easy to get such as grading of soil, organic content and bulk density. pedo - transfer functions ( ptfs ) have been developed by two methods in this paper with data measured at keerqin sandy land

    然而可以通過容易得到並能保證試驗精度的土壤基本物化特徵參數，如：顆粒級配、有機質含量和土壤容重等，利用土壤傳遞函數（ ptfs ）可以較準確地估算出土壤水力特性參數。
  15. In the first chapter, the improvement and development of furrow irrigation technique, theory foundation of controlled alternate furrow irrigation, and related research advance at home and abroad were analyzed and elucidated, and the main problems needing to be studied further and to be solved were put forward. in the second chapter, the soil infiltrative parameters, irrigating water advancing and water redistribution in soil were studied by adopting the controlled alternative furrow irrigation in field

    根據建立的水量平衡方程，採用模式搜索技術中的爬山法，利用infiltvs分析軟體，計算得到的不同溝灌方式灌溉水流的推進過程與利用實測資料回歸分析得到的水流推進過程幾乎完全重合，預測精度很高，因此證明本文建立的模型和分析計算方法是合理可行的，完全可用於不同溝灌方式土壤入滲參數和水流推進過程的估算。
  16. The results show that after reaching relative stableness, the dam system located in the region is able to supply 1. 6 - 2. 9 billion m3 of water for agriculture. most annual runoff in approximately half of years can be stored and utilized, and the replenished soil moisture is 5. 2 billion m3 above in more than half of years

    結果表明：河龍區間在壩系達到相對穩定后，通過壩系的攔蓄作用，每年可提供16 29億m ~ 3農業用水；有47的年份年徑流大部分可被攔蓄利用；有53的年份壩系土壤水分補充量可達52億m ~ 3以上。
  17. A filed study on soil nutrient loss of different slope landuse types in the xiaolangdi gorges reservoir area was conducted under simulated rainfall

    摘要通過野外模擬降雨試驗，分析了撂荒荒坡、林草間作、農林間作、造林林地和坡耕地翻耕種植玉米、坡耕地翻耕休閑6種利用方式下的土壤流失特徵。
  18. Water quality sampling of the wells began in april 2002 and proceeded approximately monthly through december 2003. by the means of soil and vegetation treatment system, riparian buffers are established between field agriculture and stream in order to reduce contamination flowing stream

    通過探索性示範研究，在大田農業與受納水體之間許建立濱岸緩沖帶，利用土壤?植被處理系統的方式，削減農田面源污染物質進入水體的污染負荷。
  19. Wuxi county is located in typically fragile ecological strip - - three gorges reservoir area and belongs to national ecological environment construction key region. based on soil and water conservation project in wuxi county this article designs the landscape health assessment system and analyses health classes of degraded ecosystem by applying fuzzy ahp method, discloses degraded characteristics in aspect of land use patterns in wuxi county contrasted with bishan county, puts forward ecological restoration models combined with soil and water conservation harnessing, analyses and compares soil fertility quality in biological communities of different ecological restoration succession phases and restoration measures

    本論文依託巫溪縣水土保持生態修復項目，運用模糊層次分析方法，進行退化生態系統的景觀健康評價體系設計與健康等級分析；通過對比研究巫溪縣與另一個生態修復試點縣? ?璧山縣的土地景觀空間格局分析，揭示巫溪縣土地利用格局上的退化特徵；提出與水土保持治理相結合起來的生態恢復模式；引用土壤肥力質量指數，對生態修復區不同生態恢復演替階段群落及不同時期坡改梯、休耕地與封山育林三項生態修復措施的土壤肥力質量分析與對比。
  20. Taking gis software ( arc / info and arcview ) and visual foxpro as basic plat, protracted the system maps of land resource, those basic subject maps included land use status map, land types map, soil types map, grade map and soil organic substance map, combing with former summarizing research results, built the spatial basic database of land resource ; based the spatial database, by the means of attribute table manipulation and take the map plot as basic unit to get the subject attributes of basic information, combined with social economy attribute information, built the attribute database ; take the spatial basic database as basic work, by the means of vector piles to get the land resource dynamic movement system maps, included land use status, land types and soil organic substance dynamic movement map

    以gis軟體（ arc info 、 arcview ）與visualfoxpro為基礎平臺，繪制完成土地資源的系列圖，包括土地利用圖、土地類型圖、土壤類型圖、坡度圖、土壤有機質圖等基礎專題圖件，結合以前的工作成果，構築土地資源的空間本底數據庫；通過空間疊加分析，得到基礎單元圖斑，採用屬性表操作的方法獲取基礎單元圖斑的專題屬性信息，結合社會經濟屬性信息，建立屬性數據庫；以空間本底數據庫為基礎，採用矢量疊加對比分析的方法，得到土地資源動態變化系列圖，包括土地利用、土地類型、土壤有機質等動態變化圖。
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