選舉范圍 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [xuǎnjǔfànwéi]
選舉范圍 英文
electoral boundary
  • 選 : Ⅰ動詞1. （挑選） select; choose; pick 2. （選舉） elect Ⅱ名詞（挑選出來編在一起的作品） selections; anthology
  • 范 : 名詞1 [書面語] （模子） pattern; mould; matrix 2 （模範; 榜樣） model; example 3 （范圍） boundar...
  • 圍 : Ⅰ動詞1 （四周攔擋起來 使裡外不通; 環繞） enclose; surround; corral 2 （繞; 裹） wrap Ⅱ名詞1 （四...
  • 選舉 : elect; election; vote
  • 范圍 : scope; limits; extent; boundary; confines; range; range dimension; spectrum
  1. With this aim, this paper has made a comprehensive study on the problem of the land requisition in our country. armed with such renowned theories as the theory of property right application, land rent, public choice etc., the study has rendered a potent analysis of the problems involved in the current land requisition policy and their reasons. then, based on china ’ s realities, it advances its own proposal to renovate the current policy from various aspects including the nature and limitation, the procedure and the standard of compensations of the land requisition, that is, by means of a combination of enumeration and generalization, decide on a strict definition of public interests ; improve the procedure of the requisition of land under the principle of openness, justice and high efficiency ; set up the compensation standard with the market price as the baton while versified by other supplementary ways ; most importantly, clarify the property right of land

    本文通過對土地徵用問題進行系統、深入的調查研究，針對當前我國土地徵用制度存在的主要缺陷和弊端，應用產權理論、地租理論、公共選擇理論、新制度經濟學中的路徑依賴理論以及其它相關理論分析土地徵用存在的問題及其原因，並結合國內外的先進經驗，立足本國實際，從征地性質與范圍的界定、征地程序的完善，以及征地補償標準的確定，提出了完善土地徵用制度的政策建議:採取列舉式和概括式相結合的方式，嚴格的界定「公共利益」范圍;樹立正當的程序觀念，按照公正、公開與效率的原則，完善征地程序;建立以市場價格為主的土地徵用補償標準，建立多樣化的征地補償方式等來解決我國征地中存在的問題，但最根本的是明晰土地產權從而進一步完善我國土地徵用制度。
  2. To add " there are many loopholes in the operation and sales practices of telecommunications service providers, " after " that, as " ; to add " and such complaints from the public are often not followed up effectively by government departments, " after " in recent years, " ; to add " stipulate corresponding penalties " after " to cover pay television, " ; and to add " ; furthermore, as the hong kong housing authority has signed agreements with pay television operators, these operators can enter the buildings to set up and maintain communal aerial systems and can deploy front - line promoters to approach the residents to sell other various commercial services, using the provision of exclusive maintenance and supply services as a selling point and adopting unscrupulous means to entice or mislead the residents into signing an agreement with them, causing great disturbance to the residents ; in this connection, the government must adopt measures to combat such sales malpractices, take the initiative to inform public rental housing tenants of the rights and responsibilities of the operators and, when the operators resort to malpractices or malpractices are reported by residents, take immediate action to investigate the matter and issue warning to and penalize the operators concerned ; the government must also review the problem of inequity in accessing system information by consumers and the telecommunications service providers, whereby consumers have no means or right to obtain true and accurate information about the systems that they are using and can only pay the fees according to the volume, system and time slots of their calls shown on the records provided unilaterally by the service providers, and in case of queries about such information, the decision of the service providers prevails and there is no channel for the consumers to dispute or verify ; to this end, the government should expeditiously study how to ensure that consumers have the rights to know, choose, verify, appeal and claim for compensation in the provision of telecommunications services including pay television, local and cross - boundary telecommunications and internet services " after " in the contracts "

    在"鑒于"之後加上"各電訊服務提供者的營運和銷售存在不少漏洞， "在"不斷增加， "之後加上"而市民的投訴又往往得不到政府部門的有效跟進處理， "在"收費電視， "之後加上"訂定相應的罰則， "及在"標準合約條款"之後加上"此外，由於香港房屋委員會與收費電視營辦商簽訂協議，該等營辦商可進入大廈鋪設及維修公共天線系統，並調派前線銷售人員，以獨家提供維修及供應服務作為招徠，向住戶推銷其他各種商業服務，以不當手法誘使或誤導住戶與他們簽約，對居民造成很大困擾就此，政府必須採取措施打擊上述違規營銷的手法，並主動告知公屋住戶該等營辦商的權責范圍，遇有營辦商作出違規的行為或居民舉報營辦商的違規行為時，須立即追查，並向有關營辦商發出警告及作出處分政府亦須檢討現時消費者與電訊服務供應商所獲系統資訊並不對等的問題，即消費者無從及無權得知他們所選用系統的真實資料，令他們只能按服務供應商單方面提供有關通話量通話系統及通話時段的記錄繳交費用，遇有消費者質疑上述資料時，往往只由服務供應商作最終決定，消費者無從申辯或查證就此，本會促請政府盡快研究如何就各類電訊服務包括收費電視本地及跨境電訊網際網路等的提供，確保消費者享有知情權選擇權覆核權投訴權及索償權" 。
  3. It is not many scholars to clearly prove the opinion of shifting the burden of proof, on the contrary the contradictory scholars are more prominent, for example the vice professor of southwest politics and law university, chengang, wuyue who translates and introduces the burden of proof of germany, because them there are more and more people support the opposite opinion, while in the draft of " civil evidence code ", the traditional idea win, in this draft the legislator abides by the present justice and our country ' s native circumstance, they made an scientific choice, of course, the burden of proof will directly influence the party " s possibility of losing the lawsuit, while the regulation of shifting the burden of proof increases the plaintiff ' s opportunity to win a lawsuit. to explain what is the shifting of burden of proof, the paper use the civil law as the example to point out the " reverse " is not entirly relieve the plaintiff s obligation of producing evidence, but in certain extent and in certain range make the defendant bear the burden of producing those proofs from the reverse way, which are originally beard by the plaintiff. in the three proceeding law, shifting the burden of proof have some differences, but the interior spirits are coincident - for the values of social justice and the legal reason

    論證舉證責任倒置的學者觀點明確並且論證十分充分的不多，相反卻是對此著書立說予以反駁的學者較為突出，如西南政法大學的副教授陳則博士，翻譯並介紹德國證明責任學說的吳越先生均是目前國內對舉證責任倒置持否定態度的代表人物，由於他們的推動使得國內持此說的人越來越多，但在《民事證據法（草案） 》的擬定過程中，並未采責任倒置的地位，這樣的立法選擇是建立在對我國法律實現的本土環境客觀認識的基礎上的科學選擇，誠然，舉證責任的分配直接影響到當事人在訴訟中的敗訴風險，而「倒置」規則的設計，則在此問題上增加了原告勝訴的籌碼，在理解何為舉證責任倒置時，本文著重以民事法為主線，指出這種「倒置」並非全部免除原告的證明責任，而是在一定范圍與一定程度上將通常應由原告負擔的舉證責任轉由被告從反方面承擔，舉證責任倒置在三大訴訟法中所體現的具體情形有所差異，但它們的內在精神是一致的?法律的理性與社會公平價值，在民事訴訟中舉證責任倒置的情形，一般總是將其局限於特殊侵權情形，而忽略了民事合同違約責任的訴訟中的原告也無須對被告應承擔違約責任的所有要件，對被告主觀上的過錯實行推定，若被告予以否定則應對其無過錯的證據舉證，在設置舉證責任倒置的規則時，從各國的立法經驗與法的內在價值要求可以總結出以下幾個原則:程序法與實體法結合原則，公平原則，訴訟經濟原則，保護弱者原則等，基於此完善舉證責任倒置的規則時首先應肯定舉證責任倒置的概念，其次立法應避免求大求全，再次要配合實體法的發展，最後還可以在司法領域嘗試判例的指導意義。
  4. Particularly, the first part of this text, has made the definition that is judicial power but not executive power of the procuratorial work right of our country at first, secondly has explained the management system and administration meaning of operating mechanism of procuratorial work, and has enumerated out the administration main forms of expression of procuratorial work management system and operating mechanism mainly : ( l ) procuratorate ' s administration formats ; ( 2 ) the public procurator selects the administration that lets ; ( 3 ) the financial affairs of the procuratorate come from the appropriating of the administration ; ( 4 ) the public procurator ' s complete administration of wage standard ; ( 5 ) handle a case in the complete administration of the system ; ( 6 ) committee forms procuratorial work and operation administration ; ( 7 ) the public procurator appoints and remove the administration ; ( 8 ) public procurator ' s discipline means administration ; ( 9 ) complete administration of public procurator ' s management mode ; ( 10 ) public procurator position range wide to is it take and not scarce to classify managing to suffused with ; ( 11 ) public procurator " official ' s rank " designs the administration getting on

    具體而言，本文第一個部分，首先將我國的檢察權作出了是司法權而非行政權的界定，其次解釋了檢察管理體制和運行機制的行政化的含義，並主要列舉出了檢察管理體制和運行機制的行政化的主要表現形式： （ 1 ）檢察院行政格式化； （ 2 ）檢察官選任上的行政化； （ 3 ）檢察院的財務來自於行政化的撥付； （ 4 ）檢察官的工資標準完全行政化； （ 5 ）辦案體制完全行政化； （ 6 ）檢察委員會構成和運作行政化； （ 7 ）檢察官任免行政化； （ 8 ）檢察官懲戒手段行政化； （ 9 ）檢察官管理模式完全行政化； （ 10 ）檢察官職位范圍寬泛化和缺乏分類管理； （ 11 ）檢察官「官階」設計上的行政化。
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